CN118184061A - Biochemical treatment process for acidic wastewater - Google Patents
Biochemical treatment process for acidic wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN118184061A CN118184061A CN202410408638.2A CN202410408638A CN118184061A CN 118184061 A CN118184061 A CN 118184061A CN 202410408638 A CN202410408638 A CN 202410408638A CN 118184061 A CN118184061 A CN 118184061A
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000037358 bacterial metabolism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and discloses an acidic wastewater biochemical treatment process, which comprises the following steps: s1, removing large-particle solid impurities in acidic wastewater through sand filtration; s2, removing suspended matters, colloid, particles, bacteria, viruses and other macromolecular substances in the acidic wastewater through ultrafiltration membrane filtration; s3, introducing the ultrafiltrate into a nanofiltration system, separating salt from the acidic wastewater by nanofiltration, and separating organic matters from NO 3 ‑; s4, organic matters in the nanofiltration concentrated solution are decomposed by metabolism of bacteria in the biochemical tank and then discharged; s5, adding KOH into the nanofiltration dilute solution in the pH regulating tank, and separating nitrate after the reaction to finish wastewater treatment. According to the invention, the NO 3 ‑ and the COD are separated by nanofiltration and salt separation, so that the biochemical difficulty is greatly reduced, the treatment cost and the occupied area of a biochemical pond are reduced, and the NO 3 ‑ is reacted with potassium hydroxide to prepare the nitrogen fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an acidic wastewater biochemical treatment process.
Background
With the rapid development of industry, the variety and quantity of industrial wastewater are rapidly increased, and the pollution of water bodies is also increasingly wide and serious, so that the health and safety of human beings are gradually threatened. Acidic wastewater is typically an industrial wastewater difficult to treat, such as industrial wastewater of the metallurgical industry, and is a three-high wastewater characterized by high COD, high TDS, and high total nitrogen content. Because the water quality has strong environmental pollution, the water quality can be discharged after reaching standards by a strict water quality treatment method in the discharging process, and the treatment mode in the current industry is mainly a biochemical method and a thermal method.
The biochemical method is to degrade COD in sewage into carbon dioxide, nitrogen and the like in a long-term stay process by utilizing bacterial microorganisms, so as to realize water quality purification. However, for the treatment of the acidic wastewater, a large amount of alkali liquor is firstly added by using a biochemical method to neutralize the wastewater to a neutral pH environment suitable for bacterial survival, and then the wastewater is subjected to a very long-term biochemical reaction process (usually more than 7 days) to finish the degradation of nitrate ions, so that a large amount of chemical agents are consumed, a considerable floor area is required to finish the water treatment process, and high requirements are imposed on the factory area and the treatment cost of users. Another example is a thermal method, which uses evaporation technology to heat the whole sewage to realize the sewage concentration, and the concentrated solution is solidified into waste solid for delivery. In addition to the extremely high investment and treatment costs, the thermal process produces solid waste which is a hazardous waste and cannot be sent out for treatment in many areas. Therefore, the treatment of such acidic wastewater is highly demanded to be optimized in terms of treatment cost, customer treatment capacity and compliance treatment requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the background art, the invention aims to provide an acid wastewater biochemical treatment process, which separates NO 3 - from COD by nanofiltration to separate salt, greatly reduces biochemical difficulty, reduces treatment cost and occupied area of a biochemical pond, and enables NO 3 - to react with potassium hydroxide subsequently to prepare nitrogen fertilizer for use and recycle resources.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
An acidic wastewater biochemical treatment process comprises the following steps:
S1, introducing acid wastewater to be treated into a sand filter tank at a water inflow rate of 3-20 m 3/h, and removing large-particle solid impurities in the acid wastewater through sand filtration;
s2, introducing the acid wastewater subjected to sand filtration treatment into an ultrafiltration device, and filtering and removing suspended matters, colloid, particles, bacteria, viruses and other macromolecular substances in the acid wastewater through an ultrafiltration membrane;
S3, introducing the ultrafiltrate into a nanofiltration system, separating salt from the acidic wastewater by nanofiltration to separate organic matters from NO 3 -, introducing the organic matters into a biochemical pond along with nanofiltration concentrated solution, and introducing NO 3 - into a pH regulating pond along with dilute solution;
s4, reducing organic matters in the nanofiltration concentrated solution to COD (chemical oxygen demand) of less than or equal to 500 mg/L after being metabolized and decomposed by bacteria in the biochemical tank, and discharging;
s5, adding KOH into the nanofiltration dilute solution in the pH adjusting tank until the pH value of the dilute solution is 7-8, and separating the nitrate after the reaction to finish wastewater treatment.
Further preferably, the acid in the acidic wastewater comprises one or more of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and phosphoric acid.
Further preferably, the sand filter is filled with quartz sand with different particle sizes, and the concrete filling mode adopts quartz sand 300 mm with particle sizes of 8-12 mm, quartz sand 300 mm with particle sizes of 4-8 mm and quartz sand 400 mm with particle sizes of 2-4 mm.
Further preferably, the sand filter adopts a mode of air-water combined backwashing to remove the trapped pollutants in the filter layer, water backwashing is started every 4h, 15 min is adopted for each backwashing, and each backwashing adopts a mode of single water backwashing and air-water combined backwashing to alternately flush 3 min.
Further preferably, the ultrafiltration membrane in the ultrafiltration device is one of polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, polyethersulfone membrane and polyaniline.
Further preferably, the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 10-50 nm, the water inflow rate of the ultrafiltration device is 3-20 m 3/h, and the operating pressure is 0.1-0.8 Mpa.
Further preferably, the nanofiltration system adopts an acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane, wherein the acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane is one of an inorganic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane or an organic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane, the inorganic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane comprises a TiO 2、ZrO2 and an Al 2O3 nanofiltration membrane, and the organic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane comprises a polysulfonamide, sulfonated polyether sulfone, sulfonated polysulfone, sulfonated polyether ether ketone and poly (triazine) amine nanofiltration membrane.
Further preferably, the aperture of the nanofiltration membrane is 0.5-8 nm, the water inflow rate of the nanofiltration system is 3-20 m 3/h, and the operation pressure is 1-4 Mpa.
Further preferably, the biochemical tank is an SBR reaction tank, aerobic-anaerobic mixed activated sludge is arranged in the SBR reaction tank, an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the SBR reaction tank, and the dissolved oxygen amount in the SBR reaction tank is 0.1-2 mg/L.
Further preferably, in the step S5, the neutralized nanofiltration solution is evaporated and crystallized by an MVR evaporator to obtain nitrate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the nano-filtration is used for salt separation and quality separation treatment, so that the nitrate content which most influences the effect and the size of the biochemical pond is reduced, the biochemical efficiency can be improved, the size of the biochemical pond is reduced, and the separated nitrate reacts with alkali to produce potassium nitrate or ammonium nitrate which is used as a nitrogenous fertilizer, so that the treatment cost is reduced, and the resource recycling rate is improved. The acid wastewater treatment process avoids a conventional evaporator, and greatly reduces investment cost and operation cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the biochemical treatment process of the acid wastewater of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the examples of the present invention, the water quality of the treated acidic wastewater is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 Water quality Condition of acidic wastewater
As shown in figure 1, the acidic waste water treatment system is used for treatment, and comprises a sand filter, an ultrafiltration device, a nanofiltration system, a pH regulating tank and a biochemical tank. The sand filter is filled with quartz sand with different particle sizes, and the specific filling mode adopts quartz sand with particle sizes of 8-12 mm, quartz sand with particle sizes of 4-8 mm, 300mm and quartz sand with particle sizes of 2-4 mm, 400mm. The ultrafiltration membrane in the ultrafiltration device is an ultrafiltration membrane of polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile and polyether sulfone membrane, polyaniline or other acid resistance, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 20-50 nm. The nanofiltration system adopts an acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane, the acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane is one of an inorganic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane or an organic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane, the inorganic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane comprises a TiO 2、ZrO2 nanofiltration membrane and an Al 2O3 nanofiltration membrane, the organic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane comprises a polysulfonamide, a sulfonated polyether sulfone, a sulfonated polysulfone, a sulfonated polyether ether ketone and a poly (triazine) amine nanofiltration membrane, and the aperture of the nanofiltration membrane is 2-8 nm. The biochemical tank is an SBR reaction tank, aerobic-anaerobic mixed activated sludge is arranged in the SBR reaction tank, and an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the SBR reaction tank.
Example 1
An acidic wastewater biochemical treatment process comprises the following steps:
S1, introducing acid wastewater to be treated into a sand filter tank at a water inflow rate of 4m 3/h, removing large-particle solid impurities in the acid wastewater through sand filtration, and detecting that the TSS of the acid wastewater after the treatment is 3.6 mg/L;
S2, introducing the acid wastewater subjected to sand filtration treatment into an ultrafiltration device, wherein the water inflow rate of the ultrafiltration device is 4m 3/h, the operating pressure is 0.4: 0.4 Mpa, filtering by an ultrafiltration membrane to remove suspended matters, colloid, particles, bacteria, viruses and other macromolecular substances in the acid wastewater, and detecting to obtain the acid wastewater with TSS of 0.6 mg/L and water recovery rate of 90%;
S3, introducing ultrafiltrate into a nanofiltration system, wherein the water inflow rate of the nanofiltration system is 4m 3/h, the operating pressure is 2.5Mpa, separating salt from acid wastewater by nanofiltration to separate organic matters from NO 3 -, detecting that the COD of nanofiltration concentrated solution is 31000 mg/L, the COD of nanofiltration dilute solution is 7600mg/L, introducing organic matters into a biochemical pond along with nanofiltration concentrated solution, and introducing NO 3 - into a pH regulating pond along with dilute solution
S4, introducing the nanofiltration concentrated solution into an SBR reaction tank, controlling the dissolved oxygen amount in the SBR reaction tank to be 1.0 mg/L through an aeration device, decomposing organic matters in the nanofiltration concentrated solution by bacterial metabolism of the aerobic-anaerobic mixed activated sludge, detecting COD in water to be less than or equal to 500 mg/L, and then discharging;
s5, adding KOH into the nanofiltration dilute solution in the pH adjusting tank until the pH value of the dilute solution is 7-8, and then evaporating, crystallizing and separating the neutralized nanofiltration dilute solution by an MVR evaporator to obtain nitrate, thereby completing wastewater treatment.
Example 2
An acidic wastewater biochemical treatment process comprises the following steps:
S1, introducing acid wastewater to be treated into a sand filter tank at a water inflow rate of 12m 3/h, removing large-particle solid impurities in the acid wastewater through sand filtration, and detecting that the TSS of the acid wastewater after the treatment is 4.2 mg/L;
S2, introducing the acid wastewater subjected to sand filtration treatment into an ultrafiltration device, wherein the water inflow rate of the ultrafiltration device is 12m 3/h, the operating pressure is 0.1Mpa, filtering and removing suspended matters, colloid, particles, bacteria, viruses and other macromolecular substances in the acid wastewater through an ultrafiltration membrane, and detecting to obtain the acid wastewater with TSS of 0.8 mg/L and water recovery rate of 93%;
S3, introducing the ultrafiltrate into a nanofiltration system, wherein the water inflow rate of the nanofiltration system is 12 m 3/h, the operating pressure is 1.5 Mpa, separating the organic matters from NO 3 - by nanofiltration, detecting that the COD of nanofiltration concentrated solution is 42000 mg/L, the COD of nanofiltration dilute solution is 12000 mg/L, introducing the organic matters into a biochemical pond along with the nanofiltration concentrated solution, and introducing NO 3 - into a pH regulating pond along with the dilute solution
S4, introducing the nanofiltration concentrated solution into an SBR reaction tank, controlling the dissolved oxygen amount in the SBR reaction tank to be 0.2 mg/L through an aeration device, decomposing organic matters in the nanofiltration concentrated solution by bacterial metabolism of the aerobic-anaerobic mixed activated sludge, detecting COD in water to be less than or equal to 500 mg/L, and then discharging;
s5, adding KOH into the nanofiltration dilute solution in the pH adjusting tank until the pH value of the dilute solution is 7-8, and then evaporating, crystallizing and separating the neutralized nanofiltration dilute solution by an MVR evaporator to obtain nitrate, thereby completing wastewater treatment.
Example 3
An acidic wastewater biochemical treatment process comprises the following steps:
S1, introducing acid wastewater to be treated into a sand filter tank at a water inflow rate of 18m 3/h, removing large-particle solid impurities in the acid wastewater through sand filtration, and detecting that the TSS of the acid wastewater after the treatment is 2 mg/L;
S2, introducing the acid wastewater subjected to sand filtration treatment into an ultrafiltration device, wherein the water inflow rate of the ultrafiltration device is 18m 3/h, the operating pressure is 0.2 Mpa, filtering and removing suspended matters, colloid, particles, bacteria, viruses and other macromolecular substances in the acid wastewater through an ultrafiltration membrane, and detecting and treating the acid wastewater to obtain TSS (total suspended solids) of 0.5 mg/L and the water recovery rate of 85%;
S3, introducing the ultrafiltrate into a nanofiltration system, wherein the water inflow rate of the nanofiltration system is 18 m 3/h, the operating pressure is 4Mpa, separating the acid wastewater by nanofiltration to separate organic matters from NO 3 -, detecting that the COD of nanofiltration concentrated solution is 20000 mg/L, the COD of nanofiltration dilute solution is 8000 mg/L, introducing the organic matters into a biochemical pond along with the nanofiltration concentrated solution, and introducing NO 3 - into a pH regulating pond along with the dilute solution
S4, introducing the nanofiltration concentrated solution into an SBR reaction tank, controlling the dissolved oxygen amount in the SBR reaction tank to be 1.2 mg/L through an aeration device, decomposing organic matters in the nanofiltration concentrated solution by bacterial metabolism of the aerobic-anaerobic mixed activated sludge, detecting COD in water to be less than or equal to 500 mg/L, and then discharging;
s5, adding KOH into the nanofiltration dilute solution in the pH adjusting tank until the pH value of the dilute solution is 7-8, and then evaporating, crystallizing and separating the neutralized nanofiltration dilute solution by an MVR evaporator to obtain nitrate, thereby completing wastewater treatment.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The biochemical treatment process of the acidic wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, introducing acid wastewater to be treated into a sand filter tank at a water inflow rate of 3-20 m 3/h, and removing large-particle solid impurities in the acid wastewater through sand filtration;
s2, introducing the acid wastewater subjected to sand filtration treatment into an ultrafiltration device, and filtering and removing suspended matters, colloid, particles, bacteria, viruses and other macromolecular substances in the acid wastewater through an ultrafiltration membrane;
S3, introducing the ultrafiltrate into a nanofiltration system, separating salt from the acidic wastewater by nanofiltration to separate organic matters from NO 3 -, introducing the organic matters into a biochemical pond along with nanofiltration concentrated solution, and introducing NO 3 - into a pH regulating pond along with dilute solution;
s4, reducing organic matters in the nanofiltration concentrated solution to COD (chemical oxygen demand) of less than or equal to 500 mg/L after being metabolized and decomposed by bacteria in the biochemical tank, and discharging;
s5, adding KOH into the nanofiltration dilute solution in the pH adjusting tank until the pH value of the dilute solution is 7-8, and separating the nitrate after the reaction to finish wastewater treatment.
2. The process for biochemical treatment of acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the acid in the acidic wastewater comprises one or more of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid.
3. The biochemical treatment process of acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the sand filter is filled with quartz sand with different particle sizes, and the specific filling mode adopts quartz sand 300 mm with particle sizes of 8-12 mm, quartz sand 300 mm with particle sizes of 4-8 mm and quartz sand 400 mm with particle sizes of 2-4 mm.
4. The biochemical treatment process of acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the sand filter adopts a mode of air-water combined backwashing to remove the retained pollutants in the filter layer, water backwashing is started every 4 h, 15min is started every backwashing, and each backwashing adopts a mode of independent water backwashing and air-water combined backwashing to alternately flush 3 min.
5. The biochemical treatment process of acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the ultrafiltration membrane in the ultrafiltration device is one of polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, polyethersulfone membrane and polyaniline.
6. The biochemical treatment process of acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 10-50 nm, the inflow water flow rate of the ultrafiltration device is 3-20 m 3/h, and the operating pressure is 0.1-0.8 Mpa.
7. The biochemical treatment process of acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the nanofiltration system employs an acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane, the acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane being one of an inorganic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane or an organic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane, the inorganic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane comprising TiO 2、ZrO2 and Al 2O3 nanofiltration membranes, and the organic acid-resistant nanofiltration membrane comprising polysulfonamides, sulfonated polyethersulfones, sulfonated polysulfones, sulfonated polyetheretherketones, and poly (triazinyl) amine nanofiltration membranes.
8. The biochemical treatment process of acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the aperture of the nanofiltration membrane is 0.5-8 nm, the inflow rate of the nanofiltration system is 3-20 m 3/h, and the operating pressure is 1-4 Mpa.
9. The biochemical treatment process of acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the biochemical tank is an SBR reaction tank, aerobic-anaerobic mixed activated sludge is arranged in the SBR reaction tank, an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the SBR reaction tank, and the dissolved oxygen amount in the SBR reaction tank is 0.1-2 mg/L.
10. The biochemical treatment process of acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein nitrate is obtained by evaporating, crystallizing and separating the neutralized nanofiltration dilute solution by an MVR evaporator in the step S5.
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