CN118166927A - X-shaped support with replaceable energy-dissipating connection and design method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑及其设计方法。所述带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑包括箱型截面支撑、节点板、连接板、高强螺栓和变截面圆端金属耗能件。箱型截面支撑端部设有插槽，节点板与箱型截面支撑之间采用卡插的方式装配后焊接，所述的节点板另一侧与连接板焊接形成T字形，箱型截面支撑、节点板、连接板呈现左右对称关系，在连接板之间设置有所述的变截面圆端金属耗能件，并通过高强螺栓进行连接。地震作用下，变截面圆端金属耗能件受剪屈服耗散能量，震后可拆卸变截面圆端金属耗能件上的高强螺栓，实现耗能件的替换。本发明构造形式简单，受力明确，设计方便，性能良好，震后容易替换，易于维护，具有良好的经济效益。
The present invention discloses an X-shaped support with a replaceable energy-absorbing connection and a design method thereof. The X-shaped support with a replaceable energy-absorbing connection comprises a box-section support, a node plate, a connecting plate, high-strength bolts and a variable-section round-end metal energy-absorbing part. A slot is provided at the end of the box-section support. The node plate and the box-section support are assembled and welded by plug-in. The other side of the node plate is welded to the connecting plate to form a T-shape. The box-section support, the node plate and the connecting plate are symmetrical. The variable-section round-end metal energy-absorbing part is arranged between the connecting plates and connected by high-strength bolts. Under the action of an earthquake, the variable-section round-end metal energy-absorbing part yields in shear and dissipates energy. After the earthquake, the high-strength bolts on the variable-section round-end metal energy-absorbing part can be removed to achieve the replacement of the energy-absorbing part. The present invention has a simple structural form, clear force, convenient design, good performance, is easy to replace after an earthquake, is easy to maintain, and has good economic benefits.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于土木工程中的结构工程领域，具体涉及一种带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑及其设计方法。The invention belongs to the field of structural engineering in civil engineering, and in particular relates to an X-shaped support with replaceable energy-dissipating connection and a design method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
21世纪以来，在结构消能减震方面，理念和技术都取得了显著的进展。结构消能减震技术旨在通过设置消能构件来提高结构在地震作用下的性能。这些消能构件在地震发生时可以首先发生塑性变形，从而为结构提供附加阻尼，并有效地耗散地震产生的能量。这样有助于减少地震对主体结构所带来的影响，降低结构受损的风险。阻尼器作为一种消能构件，构造形式简单，设计较方便，且具有较好的滞回性能，在结构减震消能方面得到广泛的应用。Since the 21st century, significant progress has been made in concepts and technologies for structural energy dissipation and shock absorption. Structural energy dissipation and shock absorption technology aims to improve the performance of structures under earthquakes by setting up energy dissipation components. These energy dissipation components can first undergo plastic deformation when an earthquake occurs, thereby providing additional damping for the structure and effectively dissipating the energy generated by the earthquake. This helps to reduce the impact of earthquakes on the main structure and reduce the risk of structural damage. As a type of energy dissipation component, the damper has a simple structure, is convenient to design, and has good hysteresis performance. It is widely used in structural shock absorption and energy dissipation.
钢框架支撑体系在弹性阶段具有较大的侧向刚度，且在罕遇地震作用下，其耗能能力弱，且支撑受压发生屈曲后，结构的抗侧刚度显著降低，容易导致结构失去承载能力而发生破坏。通过将阻尼器与普通钢支撑结合形成耗能支撑，可以为结构提供附加刚度，也可以在地震作用下先发生阻尼器塑性耗能而支撑主体不发生屈曲，保护结构的整体性能。The steel frame support system has a large lateral stiffness in the elastic stage, and its energy dissipation capacity is weak under the action of rare earthquakes. After the support is compressed and buckled, the lateral stiffness of the structure is significantly reduced, which can easily lead to the loss of bearing capacity and damage of the structure. By combining the damper with the ordinary steel support to form an energy dissipation support, additional stiffness can be provided for the structure, and the damper can also first dissipate plastic energy under the action of an earthquake without buckling the support body, thus protecting the overall performance of the structure.
许立言等学者在《低屈服点钢剪切型阻尼器的力学性能及理论模型研究》一文中提出了一种新型剪切钢板阻尼器装置。研究了包括腹板宽厚比、加劲肋布置、腹板开洞构造以及循环加载制度等试验参数的影响，证明了这种剪切钢板阻尼器优良的抗震性能。但与阻尼器连接的钢梁需承受比较大的荷载。Xu Liyan and other scholars proposed a new type of shear steel plate damper device in the article "Research on Mechanical Properties and Theoretical Model of Low Yield Point Steel Shear Damper". The effects of test parameters including web width-to-thickness ratio, stiffening rib arrangement, web opening structure and cyclic loading system were studied, proving the excellent seismic performance of this shear steel plate damper. However, the steel beam connected to the damper needs to bear a relatively large load.
Gray等在学者《Design and Full-Scale Testing of a Cast Steel YieldingBrace Systemin a Braced Frame》一文中提出了一种带三角形加劲金属阻尼器的中心支撑系统(YBS)，阻尼器安装在中心支撑的端部，与框架柱通过节点板相连。该阻尼器构造比较复杂，在施工上有一定的困难。Gray et al. proposed a central support system (YBS) with a triangular stiffening metal damper in the article "Design and Full-Scale Testing of a Cast Steel Yielding Brace System in a Braced Frame". The damper is installed at the end of the central support and connected to the frame column through a node plate. The damper is relatively complex in structure and has certain difficulties in construction.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于解决当前工程需要，提出一种构造简单，设计较为简便的带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑及其设计方法。针对变截面圆端金属耗能件用于X形支撑时的受力特点，本发明提出的构造形式与设计方法，具有较强工程应用价值。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the current engineering needs and propose an X-shaped support with replaceable energy-absorbing connection and a design method thereof, which is simple in structure and design. In view of the stress characteristics of the variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing part when used for the X-shaped support, the structural form and design method proposed in the present invention have strong engineering application value.
所述带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑包括箱型截面支撑、节点板、连接板和变截面圆端金属耗能件。The X-shaped support with replaceable energy-absorbing connection comprises a box-section support, a node plate, a connection plate and a variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing part.
箱型截面支撑端部设有插槽，节点板与箱型截面支撑之间采用卡插的方式装配后焊接；The ends of the box-section supports are provided with slots, and the node plates and the box-section supports are assembled and welded by means of plug-in.
所述的节点板另一侧与连接板焊接形成T字形，箱型支撑、节点板、连接板呈现左右对称关系；The other side of the node plate is welded to the connecting plate to form a T-shape, and the box-type support, the node plate and the connecting plate are in a bilaterally symmetrical relationship;
在连接板之间设置有所述的变截面圆端金属耗能件。The variable-section round-end metal energy-absorbing parts are arranged between the connecting plates.
进一步地，变截面圆端金属耗能件为变截面的耗能件，包括两个用于承担耗能作用的半圆端板、两个相对设置的变截面平直板，在变截面平直板的两端各设置有一个半圆端板，且两变截面平直板与连接板通过高强螺栓固定连接。Furthermore, the variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing part is a variable-section energy-absorbing part, including two semicircular end plates for assuming energy absorption, and two relatively arranged variable-section straight plates. A semicircular end plate is arranged at each end of the variable-section straight plate, and the two variable-section straight plates are fixedly connected to the connecting plate by high-strength bolts.
进一步地，支撑可以为箱型外，也可以为槽钢或H型钢构件。Furthermore, the support may be a box-shaped structure, or may be a channel steel or H-shaped steel member.
优选地，变截面圆端金属耗能件构造形式为：给定耗能件的几何参数，包括钢板的厚度t，变截面平直板端部宽度b′，半圆端外径R，变截面平直板总长度d，如图3所示。单个变截面圆端金属耗能件包括四部分，包括：两个半圆端板ABC和DEF，两个变截面平直板AF和CD，在变截面平直板的两端各焊接一个半圆端板，呈半圆型。变截面平直板AF和CD在上述节点中与连接板通过高强螺栓连接，是该构件中非耗能连接的部分；半圆弧段ABC和DEF是该构件中承担耗能作用的部分。Preferably, the variable-section circular end metal energy-absorbing part is constructed in the form of: given geometric parameters of the energy-absorbing part, including the thickness t of the steel plate, the width b' of the end of the variable-section straight plate, the outer diameter R of the semicircular end, and the total length d of the variable-section straight plate, as shown in Figure 3. A single variable-section circular end metal energy-absorbing part includes four parts, including: two semicircular end plates ABC and DEF, two variable-section straight plates AF and CD, and a semicircular end plate is welded at each end of the variable-section straight plate to form a semicircular shape. The variable-section straight plates AF and CD are connected to the connecting plates in the above-mentioned nodes by high-strength bolts, and are the non-energy-absorbing connection parts of the component; the semicircular arc segments ABC and DEF are the parts of the component that bear the energy-absorbing function.
进一步地，变截面圆端金属耗能件采用Q235钢材、低屈服钢材LY225或LY160制成，半圆端板采用平直板冷弯加工制成，螺栓孔采用标准孔、大圆孔或槽孔。Furthermore, the variable-section circular end metal energy-absorbing part is made of Q235 steel, low-yield steel LY225 or LY160, the semicircular end plate is made of cold-bent straight plate, and the bolt hole is a standard hole, a large circular hole or a slotted hole.
一种带变截面圆端金属耗能件的X形支撑设计方法，包括以下步骤：A design method for an X-shaped support with a variable-section round-end metal energy dissipation member comprises the following steps:
变截面圆端金属耗能件包括两个用于承担耗能作用的半圆端板、两个相对设置的变截面平直板，由于变截面圆端金属耗能件的变截面平直板与半圆端板相交处弯矩最大，且变截面平直板可能会发生弯曲变形，变形后变截面圆端金属耗能件半圆段也不是严格标准的半圆弧，变截面圆端金属耗能件为两个半圆弧共同工作。根据此受力变形，得到变截面圆端金属耗能件修正的屈服荷载Fy、初始刚度K0和第二刚度K′的表达式，变截面圆端金属耗能件的恢复力模型通过以下参数确定：变截面圆端金属耗能件的外径R，厚度t，变截面平直板中间宽度b，屈服强度fy，屈服荷载修正系数α，初始刚度修正系数β和第二刚度修正系数γ；The variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part includes two semicircular end plates for absorbing energy and two oppositely arranged variable-section flat plates. Since the bending moment is the largest at the intersection of the variable-section flat plate and the semicircular end plate of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part, and the variable-section flat plate may bend and deform, the semicircular segment of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part after deformation is not a strictly standard semicircular arc, and the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part is two semicircular arcs working together. According to this force deformation, the expressions of the modified yield load F y , initial stiffness K 0 and second stiffness K′ of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part are obtained. The restoring force model of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part is determined by the following parameters: the outer diameter R of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part, the thickness t, the middle width b of the variable-section flat plate, the yield strength f y , the yield load correction factor α, the initial stiffness correction factor β and the second stiffness correction factor γ;
在地震作用下，框架发生水平方向的侧移，支撑承担不同的内力，斜对角方向的两根支撑受到拉力，而另外两根对角支撑受到压力；四根钢支撑由于水平荷载产生的轴力在耗能连接处交汇，经过力的分解后，在水平方向上水平力相互平衡，在竖直方向上有剪力作用于变截面圆端金属耗能件上。在这种情况下，控制变截面圆端金属耗能件先受剪屈服耗散能量，此时对支撑的屈服荷载乘以安全系数η1使得支撑屈服荷载大于耗能件的屈服荷载；考虑支撑受压稳定系数的影响，取0.7Py作为支撑屈服荷载，考虑支撑拉压受力的不平衡，取η2Fy为耗能件的屈服荷载；则在设计带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑需满足：支撑屈服荷载的竖向分力应大于变截面圆端金属耗能件的屈服荷载使得耗能件先屈服，即Under the action of earthquake, the frame shifts horizontally, and the supports bear different internal forces. The two diagonal supports are subjected to tension, while the other two diagonal supports are subjected to compression. The axial forces generated by the horizontal loads of the four steel supports meet at the energy-absorbing connection. After the force is decomposed, the horizontal forces are balanced in the horizontal direction, and shear forces act on the variable-section circular end metal energy-absorbing parts in the vertical direction. In this case, the variable-section circular end metal energy-absorbing parts are controlled to yield in shear first to dissipate energy. At this time, the yield load of the support is multiplied by the safety factor η 1 so that the yield load of the support is greater than the yield load of the energy-absorbing parts. Considering the influence of the compressive stability coefficient of the support, 0.7P y is taken as the yield load of the support. Considering the imbalance of the tensile and compressive forces of the support, η 2 F y is taken as the yield load of the energy-absorbing parts. Then, when designing an X-shaped support with a replaceable energy-absorbing connection, it is necessary to meet the following requirements: the vertical component of the yield load of the support should be greater than the yield load of the variable-section circular end metal energy-absorbing parts, so that the energy-absorbing parts yield first, that is,
2×η1×0.7Pysinα>η2Fy 2×η 1 ×0.7P y sinα>η 2 F y
式中，α为支撑与水平面夹角，Fy为变截面圆端金属耗能件的屈服荷载，η2为耗能件的安全放大系数，Py＝Azc·fy；Where α is the angle between the support and the horizontal plane, F y is the yield load of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part, η 2 is the safety magnification factor of the energy dissipation part, P y =A zc ·f y ;
确定带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑的构件性能，采用刚度比和强度比来描述带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑构件性能：对带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑钢框架结构进行弹塑性时程分析，得到带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑钢框架在X、Y向地震下目标性能段所对应的层间位移角、基底剪力以及顶点位移，从而计算得到结构的等效刚度及其对应的附加阻尼比、刚度比。Determine the component performance of the X-shaped support with replaceable energy-absorbing connection, and use stiffness ratio and strength ratio to describe the component performance of the X-shaped support with replaceable energy-absorbing connection: perform elastic-plastic time-history analysis on the X-shaped support steel frame structure with replaceable energy-absorbing connection, and obtain the inter-story displacement angle, base shear force and vertex displacement corresponding to the target performance segment of the X-shaped support steel frame with replaceable energy-absorbing connection under X- and Y-direction earthquakes, so as to calculate the equivalent stiffness of the structure and its corresponding additional damping ratio and stiffness ratio.
进一步地，将带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑钢框架结构附加阻尼比和附加刚度比整合分析，结果表明耗能连接竖向剪切刚度即耗能件的初始刚度K0与支撑竖向刚度分量比在0.50～0.85之间，耗能连接剪切屈服强度与支撑屈服强度竖向分量比在0.35～0.65之间。Furthermore, the additional damping ratio and additional stiffness ratio of the X-shaped braced steel frame structure with replaceable energy-absorbing connection were integrated and analyzed. The results showed that the ratio of the vertical shear stiffness of the energy-absorbing connection, i.e. the initial stiffness K0 of the energy-absorbing part, to the vertical stiffness component of the support was between 0.50 and 0.85, and the ratio of the shear yield strength of the energy-absorbing connection to the vertical component of the support yield strength was between 0.35 and 0.65.
进一步地，在结构设计时，变截面圆端金属耗能件的极限位移du是半圆端板外径R的0.2～0.5倍，η1的取值范围在0.50～0.60之间，η2的取值范围在1.05～1.15之间。Furthermore, in the structural design, the limit displacement d u of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part is 0.2 to 0.5 times the outer diameter R of the semicircular end plate, the value range of η 1 is between 0.50 and 0.60, and the value range of η 2 is between 1.05 and 1.15.
进一步地，变截面圆端金属耗能件的屈服荷载Fy、初始刚度K0，表达式为：Furthermore, the yield load F y and initial stiffness K 0 of the variable-section circular-end metal energy dissipation part are expressed as follows:
式中，R为变截面圆端金属耗能件的外径，t为变截面圆端金属耗能件的厚度，b为变截面平直板中间宽度，fy为屈服强度，λ为放大系数，取值为变截面圆端金属耗能件的变截面平直板宽度之差的平方，α为屈服荷载修正系数，其取值范围在4.45～4.46之间，β为初始刚度修正系数，其取值范围在1.40～1.50之间。Where R is the outer diameter of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part, t is the thickness of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part, b is the middle width of the variable-section straight plate, fy is the yield strength, λ is the magnification factor, which is the square of the difference in the width of the variable-section straight plate of the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part, α is the yield load correction factor, and its value range is between 4.45 and 4.46, and β is the initial stiffness correction factor, and its value range is between 1.40 and 1.50.
进一步地，当变截面耗能件所受剪力大于屈服荷载时，变截面圆端金属耗能件处于弹塑性阶段，此时的刚度为第二刚度，表达式为：Furthermore, when the shear force on the variable-section energy-absorbing part is greater than the yield load, the variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing part is in the elastic-plastic stage, and the stiffness at this time is the second stiffness, which is expressed as:
K′＝γK0 K′＝γK 0
式中，γ为第二刚度修正系数，其取值范围在0.014～0.016之间。Where γ is the second stiffness correction coefficient, and its value range is between 0.014 and 0.016.
进一步地，变截面圆端金属耗能件的变截面平直板端部宽度b′是平直板中间宽度b的1.1～1.2倍。Furthermore, the width b′ of the end portion of the variable-section straight plate of the variable-section round-end metal energy-absorbing part is 1.1 to 1.2 times the width b of the middle portion of the straight plate.
进一步地，根据设计的需要，建议变截面平直板中间宽度b的取值范围为60～300mm，变截面平直板端部宽度b′的取值范围为74～360mm，变截面圆端金属耗能件的高度2R的取值范围为80～240mm，变截面圆端金属耗能件的厚度t的取值范围为6～32mm。Furthermore, according to design requirements, it is recommended that the middle width b of the variable-section straight plate be in the range of 60 to 300 mm, the end width b′ of the variable-section straight plate be in the range of 74 to 360 mm, the height 2R of the variable-section round-end metal energy-absorbing part be in the range of 80 to 240 mm, and the thickness t of the variable-section round-end metal energy-absorbing part be in the range of 6 to 32 mm.
相比现有技术，本发明至少具有如下优点与效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages and effects:
与等截面的圆端金属阻尼器相比，变截面圆端金属耗能件的初始刚度和屈服荷载更大，具有良好的弹塑性性能，荷载-位移滞回曲线较为饱满，耗能能力更强，在地震作用时能够吸收更多的地震能量。与普通的支撑框架相比，带可替换耗能连接的X支撑不会出现支撑屈曲后的刚度突然下降，结构的耗能集中在变截面圆端金属耗能件上，且震后能够快速实现耗能件的替换。与纯框架相比，带可替换耗能连接的X支撑滞回性能更好，刚度更大。本发明构造形式简单，传力明确，具有良好的经济效益。Compared with the circular-end metal damper with equal cross-section, the variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing part has greater initial stiffness and yield load, good elastic-plastic properties, a fuller load-displacement hysteresis curve, stronger energy-absorbing capacity, and can absorb more seismic energy during earthquakes. Compared with ordinary support frames, the X-support with replaceable energy-absorbing connection will not have a sudden drop in stiffness after the support is buckled. The energy consumption of the structure is concentrated on the variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing part, and the energy-absorbing part can be quickly replaced after the earthquake. Compared with a pure frame, the X-support with a replaceable energy-absorbing connection has better hysteresis performance and greater stiffness. The present invention has a simple structure, clear force transmission, and good economic benefits.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是本发明所用带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an X-shaped support with replaceable energy-dissipating connections used in the present invention.
图2是本发明所用带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑爆炸图。FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an X-shaped support with replaceable energy dissipation connection used in the present invention.
图3是本发明所用变截面圆端金属耗能件的几何尺寸示意图。FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the geometric dimensions of the variable cross-section round-end metal energy dissipating part used in the present invention.
图4是本发明所用的带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑力学简图。FIG. 4 is a simplified mechanical diagram of an X-shaped support with replaceable energy-dissipating connections used in the present invention.
图5是本发明实施例中带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑的受力示意图。FIG. 5 is a force diagram of an X-shaped support with replaceable energy-dissipating connections in an embodiment of the present invention.
图6是本发明实施例中结构的应力图。FIG. 6 is a stress diagram of the structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
图7是本发明实施例中变截面圆端金属耗能件的应力图。FIG. 7 is a stress diagram of a variable cross-section circular end metal energy dissipating part in an embodiment of the present invention.
图8是本发明实施例中结构的荷载-位移滞回曲线图。FIG. 8 is a load-displacement hysteresis curve diagram of the structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
图9是本发明实施例中变截面圆端金属耗能件的荷载-位移滞回曲线图。FIG. 9 is a load-displacement hysteresis curve diagram of a variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing member in an embodiment of the present invention.
图中，1—支撑，2—节点板，3—连接板，4—变截面圆端金属耗能件，5—高强螺栓。In the figure, 1 is support, 2 is node plate, 3 is connection plate, 4 is variable-section circular end metal energy-absorbing part, and 5 is high-strength bolt.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清晰明确，以下将结合本发明实施例和附图作进一步地详细说明。但所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer and more specific, the following will be further described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. However, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.
本发明提供的一种带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑，具体的构造形式如图1所示，包括支撑1、节点板2、连接板3、变截面圆端金属耗能件4。具体构造形式为：支撑1的端部设有插槽，节点板2与支撑1之间采用卡插的方式装配后焊接，所述节点板2的另一侧与连接板3焊接形成T字形，支撑1、节点板2、连接板3呈现左右对称关系，在连接板3之间设置有所述的变截面圆端金属耗能件4，并通过高强螺栓5进行连接。The present invention provides an X-shaped support with a replaceable energy-absorbing connection, the specific structure of which is shown in FIG1, and includes a support 1, a node plate 2, a connecting plate 3, and a variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing part 4. The specific structure is as follows: a slot is provided at the end of the support 1, the node plate 2 and the support 1 are assembled and welded by plugging, the other side of the node plate 2 is welded to the connecting plate 3 to form a T-shape, the support 1, the node plate 2, and the connecting plate 3 are in a bilaterally symmetrical relationship, the variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing part 4 is provided between the connecting plates 3, and is connected by high-strength bolts 5.
在本发明的其中一些实施例中，支撑1是截面为箱型的中心支撑。In some embodiments of the present invention, the support 1 is a central support with a box-shaped cross section.
在本发明的其中一些实施例中，变截面圆端金属耗能件4采用LY225钢材。单个变截面圆端金属耗能件包括四部分，包括：两个半圆端板ABC和DEF，两个变截面平直板AF和CD，在变截面平直板的两端各焊接一个所述半圆端板。变截面平直板AF和CD在上述节点中与连接板3通过高强螺栓5连接。In some embodiments of the present invention, the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part 4 is made of LY225 steel. A single variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation part includes four parts, including: two semicircular end plates ABC and DEF, two variable-section straight plates AF and CD, and one of the semicircular end plates is welded at each end of the variable-section straight plate. The variable-section straight plates AF and CD are connected to the connection plate 3 in the above-mentioned node by high-strength bolts 5.
在前述提供的带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑与钢柱、钢梁连接，形成带X形支撑钢框架共同受力，更为安全可靠，安装简单方便。The X-shaped support with replaceable energy-absorbing connection provided above is connected with steel columns and steel beams to form a steel frame with X-shaped support to bear the force together, which is safer, more reliable, and simpler and more convenient to install.
下面通过建立有限受力情况：Next, we establish a finite force situation:
一、模型建立1. Model Building
在本发明的其中一些实施例中，带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑与钢柱、钢梁连接，采用有限元软件ANASY对本发明前述实施例提供的带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑连接后的结构进行有限元模拟，设置的变截面圆端金属耗能件参数为变截面平直板中间宽度b＝210mm，平直板端部宽度b′＝260mm，外径R＝60mm，厚度t＝16mm，其余构件尺寸如下表所示：In some embodiments of the present invention, an X-shaped support with a replaceable energy-absorbing connection is connected to a steel column and a steel beam. The finite element software ANASY is used to perform finite element simulation on the structure after the X-shaped support with a replaceable energy-absorbing connection provided by the aforementioned embodiments of the present invention is connected. The parameters of the variable-section round-end metal energy-absorbing part are set as follows: the middle width of the variable-section flat plate is b=210mm, the end width of the flat plate is b′=260mm, the outer diameter is R=60mm, the thickness is t=16mm, and the dimensions of the remaining components are shown in the following table:
表1模型构件几何尺寸(单位：mm)Table 1 Geometric dimensions of model components (unit: mm)
有限元模型相关的参数设计如下表所示：The parameter design related to the finite element model is shown in the following table:
表2模型相关参数设计Table 2 Model related parameter design
钢梁、钢底梁、钢柱采用Q355钢材，箱型支撑采用Q235钢材，变截面圆端金属耗能件采用LY225钢材；弹性模量E为2.0×105MPa。Steel beams, steel bottom beams and steel columns are made of Q355 steel, box supports are made of Q235 steel, and variable-section circular-end metal energy-absorbing parts are made of LY225 steel; the elastic modulus E is 2.0×10 5 MPa.
对有限元实体模型进行拟静力分析，对于连接部位的网格进行细化处理以保证计算的精度；加载时两个柱底采用固定支座进行约束，对框架柱节点域施加侧向约束防止面外失稳，柱顶各施加265kN的轴力，螺栓与耗能件、螺栓与连接板、耗能件与连接板之间均设置为摩擦接触，摩擦系数取为0.35，螺栓采用10.9级M24高强螺栓，施加225kN的预紧力，如图5所示。The finite element solid model was subjected to pseudo-static analysis, and the mesh of the connection parts was refined to ensure the accuracy of the calculation. During loading, the two column bottoms were constrained by fixed supports, and lateral constraints were applied to the frame column node domain to prevent out-of-plane instability. An axial force of 265 kN was applied to the column tops. Friction contact was set between the bolts and the energy absorbing parts, the bolts and the connecting plates, and the energy absorbing parts and the connecting plates. The friction coefficient was taken as 0.35. The bolts were 10.9 grade M24 high-strength bolts, and a preload of 225 kN was applied, as shown in Figure 5.
二、结果分析2. Results Analysis
对本发明的带可替换耗能连接的X形支撑钢框架施加循环往复荷载，得到的结构应力图、耗能件应力图、结构滞回曲线及耗能件的滞回曲线如图6、7、8、9所示。Cyclic reciprocating loads are applied to the X-shaped support steel frame with replaceable energy-absorbing connections of the present invention, and the obtained structural stress diagram, energy-absorbing component stress diagram, structural hysteresis curve and hysteresis curve of the energy-absorbing component are shown in Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9.
应力图中，颜色由白浅色逐渐变深，表示应力越来越大。由图6、图7中可以看出，变截面平直板与半圆端板相交处应力最大，其值为347.94MPa，说明变截面圆端金属耗能件已屈服，主体结构和支撑应力范围在0～300MPa之间，均保持弹性不屈服。耗能集中在变截面圆端金属耗能件上，震后对变截面圆端金属耗能件进行替换即可。In the stress diagram, the color gradually changes from white to dark, indicating that the stress is getting bigger and bigger. As can be seen from Figures 6 and 7, the stress at the intersection of the variable-section straight plate and the semicircular end plate is the largest, with a value of 347.94MPa, indicating that the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation parts have yielded, and the main structure and support stress range is between 0 and 300MPa, and both remain elastic and unyielding. The energy dissipation is concentrated on the variable-section circular end metal energy dissipation parts, which can be replaced after the earthquake.
由滞回曲线可计算出位移为62mm时耗能件的耗能系数E和等效粘滞阻尼系数ξeq：The energy dissipation coefficient E and equivalent viscous damping coefficient ξeq of the energy dissipation component when the displacement is 62mm can be calculated from the hysteresis curve:
由图分析可得，滞回曲线饱满，得到的等效粘滞阻尼系数ξeq也比较大，说明其滞回曲线性能好，初始刚度大。From the analysis of the figure, it can be seen that the hysteresis curve is full and the equivalent viscous damping coefficient ξ eq is also relatively large, indicating that the hysteresis curve performance is good and the initial stiffness is large.
本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。The above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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