CN118166258B - A high-strength high-temperature resistant alloy fastener and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A high-strength high-temperature resistant alloy fastener and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种高强度耐高温合金紧固件及其制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：S1、制备Ce‑Y‑Nb‑Mo‑Fe中间合金；S2、称取原料：C、Si、Mn、Cr、Ni、V、Fe以及Ce‑Y‑Nb‑Mo‑Fe中间合金，熔炼，得到钢液；S3、将钢液铸锭模锻成型，粗加工得到紧固件坯件；S4、热处理；S5、采用多元陶瓷合金熔覆粉末对热处理后的紧固件坯件进行激光熔覆处理，精加工，得到高强度耐高温合金紧固件。本发明通过成分的优化调整，加入Ce、Y、Nb、Mo、Cr、Ni等元素，能够有效提高紧固件的强度、耐热性能；且能够有效解决稀土元素Ce、Y熔炼过程中易损耗、微量元素Nb难以弥散均匀等问题。
The present invention discloses a high-strength high-temperature resistant alloy fastener and a preparation method thereof, the method comprising the following steps: S1, preparing Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe master alloy; S2, weighing raw materials: C, Si, Mn, Cr, Ni, V, Fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe master alloy, smelting to obtain molten steel; S3, forging the molten steel ingot into a mold, and rough machining to obtain a fastener blank; S4, heat treatment; S5, using multi-component ceramic alloy cladding powder to perform laser cladding treatment on the heat-treated fastener blank, and fine machining to obtain a high-strength high-temperature resistant alloy fastener. The present invention can effectively improve the strength and heat resistance of the fastener by optimizing and adjusting the composition and adding elements such as Ce, Y, Nb, Mo, Cr, and Ni; and can effectively solve the problems of easy loss of rare earth elements Ce and Y during smelting and difficulty in uniform dispersion of trace element Nb.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fastener materials, in particular to a high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fasteners function to couple, locate, seal, etc. in the mechanical components. With the continuous upsizing of various machines, equipment and constructional engineering, continuous improvement of power and rotating speed and continuous change of application environment, the working condition of the fastener parts is worse, so the requirement on the fastener is increasing.
The stainless steel fastener has better comprehensive performance and is one of the most widely used fastener materials. However, in some special situations with severe application environments or strict requirements, such as aviation equipment, flight equipment, engines, navigation equipment and the like, the wear resistance, high temperature resistance, strength and corrosion resistance of the fastener are required to be higher, and the conventional stainless steel fastener is difficult to meet the use requirement.
The corrosion resistance, strength and the like of the stainless steel fastener can be improved through optimizing components, improving processes and the like, for example, the processing method and the heat treatment process of the high-strength fastener disclosed in patent CN102260830B can improve the strength and toughness of the steel-based fastener by adjusting material matching and preparation processes, but the wear resistance, the high temperature resistance and the reliability are improved. Rare earth and other elements can effectively improve the comprehensive performance of the steel material, for example, a rare earth composite added weathering steel fastener disclosed in patent CN116497288B and a preparation method thereof. However, since the density of rare earth is generally lower than that of molten steel, the rare earth is added into the molten steel to be easily floated on the surface of steel slag or wrapped by the steel slag to cause burning loss, and the rare earth is added in a small amount, the rare earth is difficult to uniformly disperse in the molten steel, and the problems cause that the reinforcing effect of the elements is often difficult to be exerted.
The surface performance of the fastener can be effectively improved by forming a protective coating, such as a laser cladding layer, on the surface of the fastener, for example, patent CN111876634A discloses a powder alloy material for corrosion prevention of the fastener and a preparation method of the laser cladding layer. According to the preparation method of the high-performance fastener and the fastener disclosed in the patent CN116770038A, the laser cladding is utilized to form a cladding layer on a fastener substrate, so that the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the fastener can be remarkably improved.
The laser cladding nickel-based coating can remarkably improve the surface strength, corrosion resistance, hardness (Yuan Qinglong, feng Xudong, cao Jingjing, and the like) of an alloy material, the laser cladding nickel-based coating microstructure research [ J ]. Chinese laser, 2010 (8): 5.DOI: CNKI: SUN: JJZZ.0.2010-08-038.) in order to further improve indexes such as strength, wear resistance and the like, ceramic particles can be added into the nickel-based coating, for example TiC particles are directly added into nickel-based powder to form TiC reinforced nickel-based cladding layers (Wang Zhidong, zhang Jiahao, wang Mingjing, and the like), the laser cladding TiC reinforced nickel-based cladding layers microstructure and wear resistance research [ J ]. Mining and metallurgy engineering, 2023,43 (1): 137-140.), tiC has high melting point, superhard, chemical stability and high wear resistance, and can greatly improve the wear resistance and strength of the nickel-based cladding layers in theory, however, the uniform mixing of TiC powder and nickel powder is difficult to realize physically, and the uniform mixing of TiC powder and nickel powder is difficult to realize due to the fact that TiC and nickel powder have poor wettability and poor diffusion effect on TiC particles in the ceramic cladding layers.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for improvements that provide a more reliable solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy:
Adding Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumizing, then introducing argon to 0.05-0.3MPa, smelting for 30-90min at 1450-1700 ℃, cooling to 650-850 ℃, preserving heat for 5-30min, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 10-30 ℃ per min to obtain a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy;
the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
1.5 to 8.1 percent of Ce, 0.9 to 5.7 percent of Y, 0.45 to 1.26 percent of Nb, 4.5 to 18.3 percent of Mo, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy, and smelting to obtain molten steel;
S3, die forging and forming the molten steel cast ingot, and rough machining to obtain a fastener blank;
s4, heat treatment;
s5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
Preferably, the fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.27-0.42％,Si：0.15-0.36％,Mn：0.53-0.82％,Cr：1.77-3.92％,Ni：4.75-8.93％,Mo：0.22-0.69％,V：0.20-0.45％,Ce：0.096-0.288％,Y：0.066-0.198％,Nb：0.017-0.051％, The balance being Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
Preferably, the preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy;
Adding Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumizing, then introducing argon to 0.05-0.3MPa, smelting for 30-90min at 1450-1700 ℃, cooling to 650-850 ℃, preserving heat for 5-30min, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 10-30 ℃ per min to obtain a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy;
the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
1.5 to 8.1 percent of Ce, 0.9 to 5.7 percent of Y, 0.45 to 1.26 percent of Nb, 4.5 to 18.3 percent of Mo, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials of C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 30-60min at 1500-1620 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace at 1630-1680 ℃ for 5-30min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
S3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1000-1150 ℃, final forging at 900-950 ℃, and air-cooling to 300-350 ℃ after forging to preserve heat for 4-10 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
S4, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 1-4 hours at 750-900 ℃, cooling to 500-600 ℃, preserving heat for 4-10 hours, and then cooling to room temperature by oil;
S5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 400-800 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
Preferably, the step S1 specifically comprises the steps of adding Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumizing to 5Pa, introducing argon to 0.15MPa, smelting for 45min at 1650 ℃, cooling to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, and cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 20 ℃ per min to obtain the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy.
Preferably, the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.8 percent of Ce, 3.3 percent of Y, 0.85 percent of Nb, 11.4 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
in the smelting process of the step S2, the addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 2-6% of the total raw material mass.
Preferably, the fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, 0.57% of Mo, 0.24% of Ce, 0.165% of Y, 0.0425% of Nb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
Preferably, the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder is prepared by the following method:
S5-1, preparing g-C 3N4;
S5-2, preparing composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO by mixing and calcining g-C 3N4, butyl titanate and ferric acetate serving as raw materials;
S5-3, preparing a ceramic alloy composite Ti (C, N) @ Fe by using a composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO through a thermal reduction method:
s5-4, coating NiWCoB multiple alloy layers on the surface of Ti (C, N) @ Fe through an electroless plating process, and preparing multiple ceramic alloy powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
s5-5, uniformly mixing the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel powder to obtain the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder.
Preferably, the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder is prepared by the following method:
s5-1, placing urea into a muffle furnace, heating to 580-700 ℃ at 5-10 ℃ per min, and calcining for 2-6h to obtain g-C 3N4;
S5-2, mixing and grinding 1.25-3.23g g-C 3N4, 0.0155-0.07mol of butyl titanate and 0.113-0.45mol of ferric acetate for 45-90min, calcining the obtained mixture at 550-680 ℃ for 1-4h, cooling to room temperature, grinding the product to obtain composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO;
s5-3, adding the composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO into a tubular vacuum furnace, reacting for 1-5h at 920-1100 ℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, and grinding to obtain a ceramic alloy composite Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
S5-4, coating NiWCoB multiple alloy layers on the surface of Ti (C, N) @ Fe through an electroless plating process, and preparing multiple ceramic alloy powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @ Fe:
s5-4-1, washing the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe prepared in the step S5-3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 2-10%, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, washing by using ethanol, and drying;
S5-4-2, adding the pretreated ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in the step S5-4-1 into 7-23g/L SnCl 2 solution for treatment for 5-20min, taking out, washing with deionized water, adding into a multi-element plating solution, stirring for 4-15min, heating to 65-77 ℃, controlling the pH value of the multi-element plating solution to be 10-11, plating for 30-90min, standing for 2-10min after finishing, filtering, washing a solid product with deionized water, drying, and grinding to obtain multi-element ceramic alloy powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
Wherein, the adding amount of the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in each 1L of the multi-element plating solution is 8-30g;
Wherein the components of the multi-element plating solution comprise 22-40g/L nickel sulfate, 3-18g/L sodium tungstate, 5-20g/L cobalt sulfate, 1-5g/L sodium tetraborate, 2-10g/L sodium borohydride, 5-25g/L sodium citrate, 5-20g/L ammonium chloride and 10-30g/L EDTA;
s5-5, mixing the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel powder according to the mass ratio of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder to the nickel powder of 0.5-4.5:10, and ball milling for 1-5 hours under the protection of argon gas to obtain the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder.
Preferably, the technological parameters of the laser cladding treatment in the step S5 are that a cladding heat source is an optical fiber laser with the power of 2.5-5.0kW, the focal spot diameter of a laser beam is 1.0-4.5mm, the scanning speed is 3-15mm/S, a pneumatic synchronous powder feeder is used for feeding powder, the powder feeding amount is 30-100g/min, the powder feeder is used for feeding powder by nitrogen, the nitrogen gas feeding amount is 5-20L/min, an argon gas is used for protecting a molten pool, and the argon gas feeding amount is 10-30L/min.
The invention also provides a high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener which is prepared by the method.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
According to the first aspect of the invention, elements such as Ce, Y, nb, mo, cr, ni are added into steel through the optimized adjustment of components, so that the strength and heat resistance of the prepared fastener can be effectively improved;
According to the second aspect of the invention, elements such as Ce, Y, nb, mo are introduced into the fastener matrix through preparing the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy with stable components in advance, so that the problems that rare earth elements Ce and Y are easy to consume, trace elements Nb are difficult to disperse uniformly and the like in the smelting process can be effectively solved;
according to the third aspect of the invention, the self-made multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder is adopted to carry out laser cladding treatment on the fastener, so that a cladding layer is formed on the surface of the fastener, and the surface strength, high-temperature hardness and wear resistance of the fastener can be remarkably improved;
In the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, niWCoB coating changes the surface state of ceramic particles, increases the wettability between the ceramic particles and nickel-based powder, promotes the ceramic particles to be dispersed uniformly into the cladding layer, reduces the thermal expansion performance difference between the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel-based powder, and reduces the thermal stress and crack tendency of the cladding layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of making a high strength superalloy fastener of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of a cladding layer formed on the surface of a fastener blank in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the results of surface hardness testing at 600℃for various times in the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the results of the abrasion resistance test in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples to enable those skilled in the art to practice the same by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
The test methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The material reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified. The following examples were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer, without specifying the specific conditions. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The invention provides a high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener, which comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy:
Adding Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder (namely Nb mass fraction is 60%), mo powder and Fe powder into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumizing, then introducing argon to 0.05-0.3MPa, smelting for 30-90min at 1450-1700 ℃, cooling to 650-850 ℃, preserving heat for 5-30min, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 10-30 ℃ per min to obtain Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy;
The Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
1.5 to 8.1 percent of Ce, 0.9 to 5.7 percent of Y, 0.45 to 1.26 percent of Nb, 4.5 to 18.3 percent of Mo, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy according to the weight ratio, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 30-60min at 1500-1620 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace at 1630-1680 ℃ for 5-30min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
S3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1000-1150 ℃, final forging at 900-950 ℃, and air-cooling to 300-350 ℃ after forging to preserve heat for 4-10 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
The fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.27-0.42％,Si：0.15-0.36％,Mn：0.53-0.82％,Cr：1.77-3.92％,Ni：4.75-8.93％,Mo：0.22-0.69％,V：0.20-0.45％,Ce：0.096-0.288％,Y：0.066-0.198％,Nb：0.017-0.051％, The balance being Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
S4, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 1-4 hours at 750-900 ℃, cooling to 500-600 ℃, preserving heat for 4-10 hours, and then cooling to room temperature by oil;
S5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 400-800 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
In a preferred embodiment, the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe master alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.8 percent of Ce, 3.3 percent of Y, 0.85 percent of Nb, 11.4 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
In the smelting process of the step S2, the addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 2-6% of the total raw material mass.
In the preferred embodiment, the technological parameters of the laser cladding treatment are that a cladding heat source is an optical fiber laser with the power of 2.5-5.0kW, the focal spot diameter of a laser beam is 1.0-4.5mm, the scanning speed is 3-15mm/s, a pneumatic synchronous powder feeder is used for feeding powder, the powder feeding amount is 30-100g/min, the powder feeder uses nitrogen for feeding powder, the nitrogen gas feeding amount is 5-20L/min, argon gas is used for protecting a molten pool, and the argon gas feeding amount is 10-30L/min.
In the invention, the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder is prepared by the following method:
S5-1, preparing g-C 3N4, namely placing urea into a muffle furnace, heating to 580-700 ℃ at 5-10 ℃ per min, and calcining for 2-6 hours to obtain g-C 3N4;
S5-2, preparing composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO by taking g-C 3N4, butyl titanate and ferric acetate as raw materials and mixing and calcining the raw materials:
Mixing 1.25-3.23g g-C 3N4, 0.0155-0.07mol of butyl titanate and 0.113-0.45mol of ferric acetate, grinding for 45-90min, calcining the obtained mixture at 550-680 ℃ for 1-4h, cooling to room temperature, grinding the product to obtain composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO;
s5-3, adding the composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO into a tubular vacuum furnace, reacting for 1-5h at 920-1100 ℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, and grinding to obtain a ceramic alloy composite Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
S5-4, coating NiWCoB multiple alloy layers on the surface of Ti (C, N) @ Fe through an electroless plating process, and preparing multiple ceramic alloy powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @ Fe:
s5-4-1, washing the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe prepared in the step S5-3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 2-10%, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, washing by using ethanol, and drying;
S5-4-2, adding the pretreated ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in the step S5-4-1 into 7-23g/L SnCl 2 solution for treatment for 5-20min, taking out, washing with deionized water, adding into a multi-element plating solution, stirring for 4-15min, heating to 65-77 ℃, controlling the pH value of the multi-element plating solution to be 10-11, plating for 30-90min, standing for 2-10min after finishing, filtering, washing a solid product with deionized water, drying, and grinding to obtain multi-element ceramic alloy powder;
Wherein, the adding amount of the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in each 1L of the multi-element plating solution is 8-30g;
wherein the components of the multi-element plating solution comprise 22-40g/L nickel sulfate, 3-18g/L sodium tungstate, 5-20g/L cobalt sulfate, 1-5g/L sodium tetraborate, 2-10g/L sodium borohydride, 5-25g/L sodium citrate, 5-20g/L ammonium chloride and 10-30g/L EDTA;
s5-5, mixing the multi-element ceramic alloy powder with nickel powder serving as base powder according to the mass ratio of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder to the nickel powder of 0.5-4.5:10, and ball milling for 1-5 hours under the protection of argon gas to obtain the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder.
The fastener of the present invention may be various conventional products for fastening connection, such as bolts, studs, screws, nuts, fastening washers, pins, rivets, etc.
According to the invention, elements such as Ce, Y, nb, mo, cr, ni and the like are added through the optimized adjustment of the components, so that the strength and the heat resistance of the fastener can be effectively improved;
Cr can improve the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of steel, mo can improve the high temperature resistance of steel and increase the strength and hardness of steel, ni can improve the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of steel, ce can refine grains, improve the grain boundary stability, has strong deoxidization and desulfurization capability, can improve the distribution and form of inclusions in steel, can improve the strength, Y can prevent the grains from growing up, can improve the strength and oxidation resistance and improve the plasticity, nb can refine the grains, reduce the overheat sensitivity and brittleness, improve the strength, and can also improve the resistance to atmospheric corrosion and hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia corrosion at high temperature.
According to the second aspect of the invention, by introducing Ce, Y, nb, mo and other elements into the fastener matrix through the pre-prepared Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy with stable components, the problems that rare earth elements Ce and Y are easy to consume, trace elements Nb are difficult to disperse uniformly and the like in the smelting process can be effectively solved.
Ce. The density of Y is lower than that of molten steel, the density of Ce is 6.77g/cm 3, the density of Y is 4.47g/cm 3, the density of Fe is 7.86g/cm 3, the trace elements are directly added into the molten steel and are easy to float on the surface of steel slag or are wrapped by the steel slag to cause burning loss, the addition amount of Ce, Y and Nb is small, the addition amount of the trace elements is different from the density and the surface property of the molten steel, the trace elements are difficult to uniformly disperse in the molten steel, and the trace elements are difficult to exert the reinforcing effect. According to the invention, trace elements Ce, Y and Nb are added in the form of a pre-prepared Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy, on one hand, the density of the intermediate alloy is more similar to that of molten steel (the density of Mo is 10.2g/cm 3, the density of the whole intermediate alloy can be improved), the floating of Ce and Y can be reduced, trace elements Ce, Y and Nb are wrapped by Fe, after molten steel is added, fe is easily wetted by molten steel and is fully dispersed in molten steel, and Ce, Y and Nb wrapped by Fe can smoothly enter molten steel and are uniformly dispersed along with the entrainment effect of Fe, so that the loss of Ce, Y and Nb can be reduced and fully dispersed in a fastener matrix, the respective reinforcing effect can be effectively exerted, and the strength and heat resistance of the fastener are obviously improved.
According to the third aspect of the invention, the self-made multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder is adopted to carry out laser cladding treatment on the fastener, so that the cladding layer is formed on the surface of the fastener, and the surface strength, the high-temperature hardness and the wear resistance of the fastener can be remarkably improved. The laser cladding nickel-based coating can improve the surface strength, corrosion resistance, hardness and the like of the alloy material, but has limited improvement effect, and the ceramic alloy can be introduced to further improve the enhancement effect on the surface performance of the fastener. The following describes the principal principles thereof in detail to facilitate understanding of the present invention.
1. The invention firstly prepares yellow blocky g-C 3N4 (Ma Yujie, cui Lifeng. Preparation of TiN-TiC composite material and its adsorption performance [ J ]. Nonferrous metal material and engineering, 2019,40 (4): 5.DOI: CNKI: SUN: SHHA.0.2019-04-001.);
2. Then forming a composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO doped with titanium and iron oxides and g-C 3N4 by g-C 3N4, butyl titanate and ferric acetate at high temperature;
3. then the composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO is reduced under the action of high temperature and reducing gas to form titanium doped iron core particles, the C, N decomposed at high temperature of g-C 3N4 and titanium form TiC, tiN and composite equal particles thereof, the TiC, tiN and composite equal particles are uniformly coated on the surfaces of the iron core particles, and finally the ceramic alloy composite with a core carrier taking iron as a main component and a core-shell structure coated by the outer layer of Ti (C, N) ceramic alloy particles is formed;
In the process, C and Ti generate TiC phase, N and Ti generate TiN phase, the TiC phase and the TiN phase belong to a similar structure, C atoms in a TiC lattice can be replaced by N atoms in any proportion to form continuous solid solution phase Ti (C, N), so that the system of the invention contains TiC, tiN, ti (C, N) mixed ceramic phase, and the Ti (C, N) has the advantages of TiC and TiN and also has higher oxidation resistance, hardness, wear resistance and heat resistance than the TiC and TiN;
fe, which is a main component of the core, can play two roles:
first aspect:
The ceramic alloy particles Ti (C, N) are loaded by the core microspheres taking Fe as a main component, so that agglomeration of a metal ceramic compound can be reduced in the process of chemical plating, and the ceramic alloy particles are favorable for fully coating NiWCoB alloy plating layers on the surfaces of the ceramic alloy particles;
Second aspect:
The ceramic alloy particles, such as TiC, tiN, etc., have large density difference with Ni, poor wettability, and poor wettability with the iron matrix as well, for example, tiC has a wetting angle of 41 DEG with liquid Fe under a vacuum atmosphere of 1550 ℃ (Huang Bayun. Powder metallurgy principle [ M ], beijing: metallurgical industry Press, 2002.), the above-mentioned drawbacks are liable to cause problems that (1) when a multi-element ceramic alloy powder is mixed with nickel powder as a base powder to prepare a multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, the multi-element ceramic alloy powder is difficult to uniformly mix with the nickel powder, (2) the ceramic alloy particles are difficult to uniformly disperse in the nickel base cladding layer due to poor wettability with Ni, and (3) when a molten pool is formed at an interface by high temperature of laser, the ceramic alloy particles are not likely to break through the interface into the fastener matrix side, the ceramic alloy phase playing a reinforcing role near the interface is reduced, and the interface strength is unfavorable to be improved.
The structure system with Fe as the core for loading ceramic alloy particles and coating NiWCoB alloy coating is matched, and the structure system has the advantages that firstly, the whole density of Fe and NiWCoB alloy coating can be improved by introducing the ceramic alloy coating, the ceramic alloy coating and nickel powder can be uniformly mixed, secondly, when a molten pool is formed at the interface by high temperature of laser, the molten pool of Fe in the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder and a fastener matrix is wetted, the ceramic alloy particles can enter the interface by entrainment of Fe and mutual dissolution of the matrix, so that pinning effect is formed at the interface between the cladding layer and the matrix, the bonding strength between the cladding layer and the matrix is remarkably improved, and furthermore, the surface property of the ceramic alloy particles can be changed by coating NiWCoB alloy coating, so that the ceramic alloy particles and the nickel powder can be uniformly mixed, and when the cladding layer is formed at high temperature, the problem that the ceramic alloy particles and nickel wettability are poor can be solved by the NiWCoB alloy coating, and the ceramic alloy particles can be uniformly dispersed in the nickel-based cladding layer. The NiWCoB alloy plating will be further described below.
4. Finally, coating NiWCoB alloy coating on Ti (C, N) @Fe of the ceramic alloy composite by using an electroless plating method to obtain multi-element ceramic alloy powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @Fe of a core-shell structure system, wherein the surfaces of the core-loaded ceramic alloy particles and the shell ceramic alloy particles are coated with NiWCoB alloy coating again;
The W and the ceramic alloy particles are coated in a coating composition mode, the W and the ceramic alloy particles can be caused to exist in a matrix system in a fully and uniformly mixed state, so that the Ti (C, N) phase is dispersed and distributed on a W crystal boundary to play roles in pinning the crystal boundary and increasing the migration resistance of the crystal boundary, the aggregation growth of the W particles in a high-temperature process can be prevented, the function of refining W crystal grains is achieved, and the strengthening effect of the W on the matrix is better exerted, and on the other hand, the W and the ceramic alloy particles can exist in a uniformly mixed state, the free state C in the W and the ceramic alloy particles can be more favorably formed into a WC phase in a laser cladding high-temperature process, and the wear resistance, the hardness and the heat resistance of the material can be further improved.
Wherein, co in the coating component can provide good oxidation resistance, prevent the oxidation of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder, and improve the heat strength and the high-temperature hardness of the cladding layer.
Wherein, B is helpful to improve the uniformity of Co phase, B can refine WC grain structure and inhibit grain growth, B can form W-Co-B ternary alloy phase with high hardness with W, co, so that the hardness and strength are both obviously improved, B introduced in the coating can keep a uniform mixed state with W, co, ti and the like, W, co and Ti can form competitive advantage to B, WC can form W-Co-B ternary alloy phase with B preferentially, free Ti can form titanium diboride TiB 2 with B efficiently, and the hardness and high-temperature oxidation resistance can be improved.
Wherein, ni is used as the main alloy cladding layer component, which can reduce the property difference of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel-based powder, is beneficial to the uniform mixing of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel-based powder, and can promote the uniform dispersion of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel in the nickel-based cladding layer by improving the wettability of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel, and meanwhile, the nickel has the effect of improving the hardness and the heat resistance of the cladding layer.
NiWCoB coating changes the surface state of ceramic particles, increases the wettability between the ceramic particles and nickel-based powder, promotes the ceramic particles to be uniformly dispersed into the cladding layer, and reduces the thermal expansion performance difference between the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel-based powder and the thermal stress and crack tendency of the cladding layer.
The foregoing is a general inventive concept and the following detailed examples and comparative examples are provided on the basis thereof to further illustrate the invention.
The powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @Fe of the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder referred in the following examples is prepared by the following methods:
S5-1, preparing g-C 3N4, namely placing urea into a muffle furnace, heating to 650 ℃ at 8 ℃ per min, and calcining for 4 hours to obtain g-C 3N4;
S5-2, mixing and grinding 1.66g g-C 3N4, 0.035mol of butyl titanate and 0.150mol of ferric acetate for 60min, calcining the obtained mixture at 650 ℃ for 2h, cooling to room temperature, grinding the product to obtain composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO;
S5-3, adding the composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO into a tubular vacuum furnace, reacting for 3 hours at 1050 ℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, and grinding to obtain a ceramic alloy composite Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
S5-4, coating NiWCoB multiple alloy layers on the surface of Ti (C, N) @ Fe through an electroless plating process, and preparing multiple ceramic alloy powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @ Fe:
s5-4-1, washing the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe prepared in the step S5-3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 5%, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, washing by using ethanol, and drying;
s5-4-2, adding the pretreated ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in the step S5-4-1 into a SnCl 2 solution with the concentration of 16g/L for treatment for 5-20min, taking out, washing with deionized water, adding into a multi-element plating solution, stirring for 10min, heating to 70 ℃, controlling the pH value of the multi-element plating solution to be 11 by using sodium hydroxide, plating for 60min, standing for 5min after finishing, filtering, washing a solid product with deionized water, drying, and grinding to obtain multi-element ceramic alloy powder;
Wherein, the adding amount of the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in each 1L of the multi-element plating solution is 22g;
wherein the components of the multi-component plating solution comprise 35g/L nickel sulfate, 8g/L sodium tungstate, 12g/L cobalt sulfate, 2.5g/L sodium tetraborate, 5g/L sodium borohydride, 15g/L sodium citrate, 8g/L ammonium chloride and 15g/L EDTA;
S5-5, mixing the multi-element ceramic alloy powder with nickel powder serving as base powder according to the mass ratio of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder to the nickel powder of 3:10, and ball milling for 2 hours under the protection of argon gas to obtain the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder.
The multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
4.45% of Ti, 22.25% of Fe, 2.26% of N, 1.45% of C, 3.31% of W, 2.32% of Co, 0.66% of B and the balance of Ni and unavoidable impurity elements.
Example 1
The preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy:
The step S1 is specifically that Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder are added into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumized to 5Pa, then argon is introduced to 0.15MPa, smelting is carried out for 45min at 1650 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20min, and then the temperature is cooled to room temperature at 20 ℃ per min, so as to obtain the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy.
The Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.8 percent of Ce, 3.3 percent of Y, 0.85 percent of Nb, 11.4 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy according to the weight ratio, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 45min at 1600 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace, wherein the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, the refining time is 15min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
the addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 2% of the total raw material mass;
s3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1100 ℃, final forging at 900 ℃, and air-cooling to 350 ℃ after forging for 6 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
The fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, 0.228% of Mo, 0.096% of Ce, 0.066% of Y, 0.017% of Nb and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
S4, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 2 hours at 850 ℃, reducing the temperature to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, and then cooling the fastener blank to room temperature by oil;
S5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 700 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
The technological parameters of the laser cladding treatment are that a fiber laser with a cladding heat source of 4.0kW (YLS-3000 fiber laser is adopted in the embodiment), the focal spot diameter of a laser beam is 2mm, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, a pneumatic synchronous powder feeder is used for feeding powder, the powder feeding amount is 60g/min, the powder feeder is used for feeding powder by using nitrogen, the nitrogen feeding amount is 12L/min, an argon is used for protecting a molten pool, and the argon feeding amount is 15L/min.
Referring to fig. 2, the XRD pattern of the cladding layer formed on the surface of the fastener blank in example 1 is shown.
Example 2
The preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy:
The step S1 is specifically that Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder are added into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumized to 5Pa, then argon is introduced to 0.15MPa, smelting is carried out for 45min at 1650 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20min, and then the temperature is cooled to room temperature at 20 ℃ per min, so as to obtain the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy.
The Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.8 percent of Ce, 3.3 percent of Y, 0.85 percent of Nb, 11.4 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy according to the weight ratio, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 45min at 1600 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace, wherein the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, the refining time is 15min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
The addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 3% of the total raw material mass;
s3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1100 ℃, final forging at 900 ℃, and air-cooling to 350 ℃ after forging for 6 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
The fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, 0.342% of Mo, 0.144% of Ce, 0.099% of Y, 0.0255% of Nb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
S4, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 2 hours at 850 ℃, reducing the temperature to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, and then cooling the fastener blank to room temperature by oil;
S5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 700 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
The technological parameters of the laser cladding treatment are that a fiber laser with a cladding heat source of 4.0kW (YLS-3000 fiber laser is adopted in the embodiment), the focal spot diameter of a laser beam is 2mm, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, a pneumatic synchronous powder feeder is used for feeding powder, the powder feeding amount is 60g/min, the powder feeder is used for feeding powder by using nitrogen, the nitrogen feeding amount is 12L/min, an argon is used for protecting a molten pool, and the argon feeding amount is 15L/min.
Example 3
The preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy:
The step S1 is specifically that Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder are added into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumized to 5Pa, then argon is introduced to 0.15MPa, smelting is carried out for 45min at 1650 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20min, and then the temperature is cooled to room temperature at 20 ℃ per min, so as to obtain the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy.
The Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.8 percent of Ce, 3.3 percent of Y, 0.85 percent of Nb, 11.4 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy according to the weight ratio, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 45min at 1600 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace, wherein the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, the refining time is 15min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
the addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 4% of the total raw material mass;
s3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1100 ℃, final forging at 900 ℃, and air-cooling to 350 ℃ after forging for 6 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
The fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, 0.456% of Mo, 0.192% of Ce, 0.132% of Y, 0.034% of Nb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
S4, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 2 hours at 850 ℃, reducing the temperature to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, and then cooling the fastener blank to room temperature by oil;
S5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 700 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
The technological parameters of the laser cladding treatment are that a fiber laser with a cladding heat source of 4.0kW (YLS-3000 fiber laser is adopted in the embodiment), the focal spot diameter of a laser beam is 2mm, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, a pneumatic synchronous powder feeder is used for feeding powder, the powder feeding amount is 60g/min, the powder feeder is used for feeding powder by using nitrogen, the nitrogen feeding amount is 12L/min, an argon is used for protecting a molten pool, and the argon feeding amount is 15L/min.
Example 4
The preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy:
Adding Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumizing to 5Pa, then introducing argon to 0.15MPa, smelting for 45min at 1650 ℃, cooling to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, and then cooling to room temperature at 20 ℃ per min to obtain a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy;
The Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.8 percent of Ce, 3.3 percent of Y, 0.85 percent of Nb, 11.4 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy according to the weight ratio, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 45min at 1600 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace, wherein the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, the refining time is 15min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
the addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 5% of the total raw material mass;
s3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1100 ℃, final forging at 900 ℃, and air-cooling to 350 ℃ after forging for 6 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
The fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, 0.57% of Mo, 0.24% of Ce, 0.165% of Y, 0.0425% of Nb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
S4, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 2 hours at 850 ℃, reducing the temperature to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, and then cooling the fastener blank to room temperature by oil;
S5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 700 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
The technological parameters of the laser cladding treatment are that a fiber laser with a cladding heat source of 4.0kW (YLS-3000 fiber laser is adopted in the embodiment), the focal spot diameter of a laser beam is 2mm, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, a pneumatic synchronous powder feeder is used for feeding powder, the powder feeding amount is 60g/min, the powder feeder is used for feeding powder by using nitrogen, the nitrogen feeding amount is 12L/min, an argon is used for protecting a molten pool, and the argon feeding amount is 15L/min.
Example 5
The preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy:
The step S1 is specifically that Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder are added into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumized to 5Pa, then argon is introduced to 0.15MPa, smelting is carried out for 45min at 1650 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20min, and then the temperature is cooled to room temperature at 20 ℃ per min, so as to obtain the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy.
The Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.8 percent of Ce, 3.3 percent of Y, 0.85 percent of Nb, 11.4 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy according to the weight ratio, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 45min at 1600 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace, wherein the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, the refining time is 15min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
the addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 6% of the total raw material mass;
s3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1100 ℃, final forging at 900 ℃, and air-cooling to 350 ℃ after forging for 6 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
The fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, 0.684% of Mo, 0.288% of Ce, 0.198% of Y, 0.051% of Nb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
S4, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 2 hours at 850 ℃, reducing the temperature to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, and then cooling the fastener blank to room temperature by oil;
S5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 700 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
The technological parameters of the laser cladding treatment are that a fiber laser with a cladding heat source of 4.0kW (YLS-3000 fiber laser is adopted in the embodiment), the focal spot diameter of a laser beam is 2mm, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, a pneumatic synchronous powder feeder is used for feeding powder, the powder feeding amount is 60g/min, the powder feeder is used for feeding powder by using nitrogen, the nitrogen feeding amount is 12L/min, an argon is used for protecting a molten pool, and the argon feeding amount is 15L/min.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
S1, weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio, namely C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe, adding the raw materials into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 45 minutes at 1600 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace, wherein the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, the refining time is 15 minutes, and carrying out VD vacuum degassing to obtain molten steel;
s2, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1100 ℃, final forging at 900 ℃, and air-cooling to 350 ℃ after forging for 6 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
The fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
S3, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 2 hours at 850 ℃, reducing the temperature to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, and then cooling the fastener blank to room temperature by oil;
S4, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 700 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener, wherein the specific steps are the same as those of the embodiment 4, and no repeated description is provided.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy, wherein the specific steps are the same as those of the embodiment 4, and are not repeated;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy according to the weight ratio, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 45min at 1600 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace, wherein the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, the refining time is 15min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
the addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 5% of the total raw material mass;
s3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1100 ℃, final forging at 900 ℃, and air-cooling to 350 ℃ after forging for 6 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
The fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, 0.57% of Mo, 0.24% of Ce, 0.165% of Y, 0.0425% of Nb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
S4, heat treatment, namely, heat-preserving the fastener blank for 2 hours at 850 ℃, cooling to 600 ℃, heat-preserving for 7 hours, then oil-cooling to room temperature, and then finishing to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy, wherein the specific steps are the same as those of the embodiment 4, and are not repeated;
The Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.8 percent of Ce, 3.3 percent of Y, 0.85 percent of Nb, 11.4 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy according to the weight ratio, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 45min at 1600 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace, wherein the refining temperature is 1650 ℃, the refining time is 15min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
the addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 5% of the total raw material mass;
s3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1100 ℃, final forging at 900 ℃, and air-cooling to 350 ℃ after forging for 6 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
The fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, 0.57% of Mo, 0.24% of Ce, 0.165% of Y, 0.0425% of Nb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
S4, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 2 hours at 850 ℃, reducing the temperature to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, and then cooling the fastener blank to room temperature by oil;
S5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting nickel powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 700 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
The technological parameters of the laser cladding treatment are that a fiber laser with a cladding heat source of 4.0kW (YLS-3000 fiber laser is adopted in the embodiment), the focal spot diameter of a laser beam is 2mm, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, a pneumatic synchronous powder feeder is used for feeding powder, the powder feeding amount is 60g/min, the powder feeder is used for feeding powder by using nitrogen, the nitrogen feeding amount is 12L/min, an argon is used for protecting a molten pool, and the argon feeding amount is 15L/min.
Comparative example 4
This example is substantially the same as example 4, except that the preparation method of the multi-component ceramic alloy cladding powder is as follows:
S5-1, preparing g-C 3N4, namely placing urea into a muffle furnace, heating to 650 ℃ at 8 ℃ per min, and calcining for 4 hours to obtain g-C 3N4;
S5-2, mixing and grinding 1.66g g-C 3N4, 0.035mol of butyl titanate and 0.150mol of ferric acetate for 60min, calcining the obtained mixture at 650 ℃ for 2h, cooling to room temperature, grinding the product to obtain composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO;
S5-3, adding the composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO into a tubular vacuum furnace, reacting for 3 hours at 1050 ℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, and grinding to obtain a ceramic alloy composite Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
S5-4, mixing the ceramic alloy compound and nickel powder serving as base powder according to the mass ratio of the ceramic alloy compound to the nickel powder of 3:10, and ball-milling for 2 hours under the protection of argon gas to obtain the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder.
Comparative example 5
This example is substantially the same as example 4, except that the preparation method of the multi-component ceramic alloy cladding powder is as follows:
S5-1, preparing g-C 3N4, namely placing urea into a muffle furnace, heating to 650 ℃ at 8 ℃ per min, and calcining for 4 hours to obtain g-C 3N4;
S5-2, mixing and grinding 1.66g g-C 3N4, 0.035mol of butyl titanate and 0.150mol of ferric acetate for 60min, calcining the obtained mixture at 650 ℃ for 2h, cooling to room temperature, grinding the product to obtain composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO;
S5-3, adding the composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO into a tubular vacuum furnace, reacting for 3 hours at 1050 ℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, and grinding to obtain a ceramic alloy composite Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
S5-4, coating a Ni layer on the surface of Ti (C, N) @ Fe by an electroless plating process to prepare multi-element ceramic alloy powder Ni@Ti (C, N) @ Fe:
s5-4-1, washing the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe prepared in the step S5-3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 5%, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, washing by using ethanol, and drying;
s5-4-2, adding the pretreated ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in the step S5-4-1 into a SnCl 2 solution with the concentration of 16g/L for treatment for 5-20min, taking out, washing with deionized water, adding into a multi-element plating solution, stirring for 10min, heating to 70 ℃, controlling the pH value of the multi-element plating solution to be 11 by using sodium hydroxide, plating for 60min, standing for 5min after finishing, filtering, washing a solid product with deionized water, drying, and grinding to obtain multi-element ceramic alloy powder;
Wherein, the adding amount of the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in each 1L of the multi-element plating solution is 22g;
Wherein the components of the multi-component plating solution comprise 35g/L nickel sulfate, 5g/L sodium borohydride, 15g/L sodium citrate, 8g/L ammonium chloride and 15g/L EDTA;
S5-5, mixing the multi-element ceramic alloy powder with nickel powder serving as base powder according to the mass ratio of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder to the nickel powder of 3:10, and ball milling for 2 hours under the protection of argon gas to obtain the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder.
Performance testing
Test specimens of high strength superalloy fasteners were prepared by the methods of examples and comparative examples, and the following performance tests were conducted.
1. Tensile Strength and hardness test
Room temperature tensile strength test is carried out by referring to a standard GB/T32498-2016 metal matrix composite tensile test room temperature test method, and high temperature (500 ℃) tensile strength test is carried out by referring to a standard GB/T228.2-2015 metal material tensile test part 2, namely a high temperature test method;
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the test results of Table 1, examples 1 to 5 were higher in both normal temperature tensile strength and high temperature tensile strength, which exhibited better high temperature resistance, and in a certain range, the tensile strength tended to be gradually increased with an increase in the content of Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy, and the strength was significantly decreased without adding intermediate alloy in comparative example 1.
2. Hardness test
(1) The surface hardness at room temperature was measured using a micro vickers hardness tester, and the test results are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
(2) The surface hardness of the heat-insulating material at 600 ℃ for different times is detected by a micro Vickers hardness tester, and the test result is shown in FIG. 3
As can be seen from the test results of Table 2 and FIG. 3, examples 1 to 5 have very high surface hardness and also have high-temperature hardness, the reduction in surface hardness is most remarkable in comparative example 2 because no laser cladding treatment was performed, the cladding of pure nickel powder in comparative example 3 has limited improvement effect although the surface hardness can also be improved, and the cladding of the Ti (C, N) @ Fe layer is not performed mainly in comparative example 4 because the surface hardness is remarkably reduced, and the Ni cladding of Ti (C, N) @ Fe layer in comparative example 5 has a better effect than that of example 4 because the surface hardness is reduced, indicating that the cladding of NiWCoB multi-alloy layer is performed.
3. Wear resistance test
The method comprises the steps of adopting an MFT-5000 type reciprocating frictional wear instrument, testing the friction pair which is corundum balls under the conditions of Ar gas protective atmosphere, friction load of 20N, reciprocating frequency of 1Hz, friction time of 30min and friction travel of 15mm, testing the friction pair which is corundum balls at room temperature, 400 ℃ and 600 ℃ respectively, measuring the weight before and after wear by using an analytical balance, and calculating the wear amount, namely the weight before wear and the weight after wear. The test results are shown in table 3 and fig. 4 below:
TABLE 3 Table 3
As can be seen from the test results of Table 3, examples 1 to 5 have excellent high temperature wear resistance, and comparative examples 1 to 5 show various degrees of degradation.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the use of the description and embodiments, it is well suited to various fields of use for the invention, and further modifications may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the particular details without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, preparing a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy:
Adding Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumizing, then introducing argon to 0.05-0.3MPa, smelting for 30-90min at 1450-1700 ℃, cooling to 650-850 ℃, preserving heat for 5-30min, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 10-30 ℃ per min to obtain a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy;
the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
1.5 to 8.1 percent of Ce, 0.9 to 5.7 percent of Y, 0.45 to 1.26 percent of Nb, 4.5 to 18.3 percent of Mo, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy, and smelting to obtain molten steel;
S3, die forging and forming the molten steel cast ingot, and rough machining to obtain a fastener blank;
s4, heat treatment;
s5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain a high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener;
the fastener blank comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.27-0.42％,Si：0.15-0.36％,Mn：0.53-0.82％,Cr：1.77-3.92％,Ni：4.75-8.93％,Mo：0.22-0.69％,V：0.20-0.45％,Ce：0.096-0.288％,Y：0.066-0.198％,Nb：0.017-0.051％, The balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder is prepared by the following steps:
S5-1, preparing g-C 3N4;
S5-2, preparing composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO by mixing and calcining g-C 3N4, butyl titanate and ferric acetate serving as raw materials;
S5-3, preparing a ceramic alloy composite Ti (C, N) @ Fe by using a composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO through a thermal reduction method:
s5-4, coating NiWCoB multiple alloy layers on the surface of Ti (C, N) @ Fe through an electroless plating process, and preparing multiple ceramic alloy powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
S5-5, uniformly mixing the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel powder to obtain multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder;
The technological parameters of the laser cladding treatment in the step S5 are that a cladding heat source is an optical fiber laser with the power of 2.5-5.0kW, the focal spot diameter of a laser beam is 1.0-4.5mm, the scanning speed is 3-15mm/S, a pneumatic synchronous powder feeder is used for feeding powder, the powder feeding amount is 30-100g/min, the powder feeder uses nitrogen for feeding powder, the nitrogen gas feeding amount is 5-20L/min, argon gas is used for protecting a molten pool, and the argon gas feeding amount is 10-30L/min.
2. The method of making a high strength, high temperature alloy fastener of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
S1, preparing Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy;
Adding Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumizing, then introducing argon to 0.05-0.3MPa, smelting for 30-90min at 1450-1700 ℃, cooling to 650-850 ℃, preserving heat for 5-30min, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 10-30 ℃ per min to obtain a Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy;
the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
1.5 to 8.1 percent of Ce, 0.9 to 5.7 percent of Y, 0.45 to 1.26 percent of Nb, 4.5 to 18.3 percent of Mo, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
S2, weighing raw materials of C, si, mn, cr, ni, V, fe and Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy, adding into an electric melting furnace, smelting for 30-60min at 1500-1620 ℃, refining outside an LF furnace at 1630-1680 ℃ for 5-30min, and vacuum degassing by VD to obtain molten steel;
S3, casting molten steel, forging the obtained cast ingot at 1000-1150 ℃, final forging at 900-950 ℃, and air-cooling to 300-350 ℃ after forging to preserve heat for 4-10 hours to obtain a fastener blank;
S4, heat treatment, namely preserving heat of the fastener blank for 1-4 hours at 750-900 ℃, cooling to 500-600 ℃, preserving heat for 4-10 hours, and then cooling to room temperature by oil;
S5, carrying out laser cladding treatment on the fastener blank subjected to heat treatment by adopting multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder, forming a cladding layer with the thickness of 400-800 mu m on the surface of the fastener blank, and then carrying out finish machining to obtain the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener.
3. The method for preparing the high-strength high-temperature-resistant alloy fastener according to claim 2, wherein the step S1 is characterized in that Ce powder, Y powder, feNb60 powder, mo powder and Fe powder are added into a vacuum induction heating smelting furnace, vacuumized to 5Pa, then argon is introduced to 0.15MPa, smelting is carried out at 1650 ℃ for 45min, the temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20min, and then the temperature is reduced to room temperature at a cooling rate of 20 ℃ per min, so as to obtain the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy.
4. The method for producing a high strength and high temperature resistant alloy fastener according to claim 3, wherein the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy comprises the following components in mass percent:
4.8 percent of Ce, 3.3 percent of Y, 0.85 percent of Nb, 11.4 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
in the smelting process of the step S2, the addition amount of the Ce-Y-Nb-Mo-Fe intermediate alloy is 2-6% of the total raw material mass.
5. The method of making a high strength, high temperature alloy fastener of claim 4, wherein the fastener blank comprises the following components in mass percent:
0.36% of C, 0.21% of Si, 0.65% of Mn, 2.33% of Cr, 6.52% of Ni, 0.35% of V, 0.57% of Mo, 0.24% of Ce, 0.165% of Y, 0.0425% of Nb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
6. The method of producing a high strength, high temperature resistant alloy fastener of claim 1, wherein the multi-component superalloy cladding powder is produced by:
s5-1, placing urea into a muffle furnace, heating to 580-700 ℃ at 5-10 ℃ per min, and calcining for 2-6h to obtain g-C 3N4;
S5-2, mixing and grinding 1.25-3.23g g-C 3N4, 0.0155-0.07mol of butyl titanate and 0.113-0.45mol of ferric acetate for 45-90min, calcining the obtained mixture at 550-680 ℃ for 1-4h, cooling to room temperature, grinding the product to obtain composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO;
s5-3, adding the composite oxide powder g-C 3N4 -TiFeO into a tubular vacuum furnace, reacting for 1-5h at 920-1100 ℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere, cooling to room temperature, and grinding to obtain a ceramic alloy composite Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
S5-4, coating NiWCoB multiple alloy layers on the surface of Ti (C, N) @ Fe through an electroless plating process, and preparing multiple ceramic alloy powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @ Fe:
s5-4-1, washing the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe prepared in the step S5-3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 2-10%, washing to be neutral by using deionized water, washing by using ethanol, and drying;
S5-4-2, adding the pretreated ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in the step S5-4-1 into 7-23g/L SnCl 2 solution for treatment for 5-20min, taking out, washing with deionized water, adding into a multi-element plating solution, stirring for 4-15min, heating to 65-77 ℃, controlling the pH value of the multi-element plating solution to be 10-11, plating for 30-90min, standing for 2-10min after finishing, filtering, washing a solid product with deionized water, drying, and grinding to obtain multi-element ceramic alloy powder NiWCoB@Ti (C, N) @ Fe;
Wherein, the adding amount of the ceramic alloy compound Ti (C, N) @ Fe in each 1L of the multi-element plating solution is 8-30g;
Wherein the components of the multi-element plating solution comprise 22-40g/L nickel sulfate, 3-18g/L sodium tungstate, 5-20g/L cobalt sulfate, 1-5g/L sodium tetraborate, 2-10g/L sodium borohydride, 5-25g/L sodium citrate, 5-20g/L ammonium chloride and 10-30g/L EDTA;
s5-5, mixing the multi-element ceramic alloy powder and the nickel powder according to the mass ratio of the multi-element ceramic alloy powder to the nickel powder of 0.5-4.5:10, and ball milling for 1-5 hours under the protection of argon gas to obtain the multi-element ceramic alloy cladding powder.
7. A high strength superalloy fastener produced by the method of any of claims 1 to 6.
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