CN118160368A

CN118160368A - Method, terminal, device, system and storage medium for determining transmission power

Info

Publication number: CN118160368A
Application number: CN202480000442.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 付婷
Original assignee: Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Priority date: 2024-02-02
Filing date: 2024-02-02
Publication date: 2024-06-07
Also published as: WO2025160984A1

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method, a terminal, an apparatus, a system, and a storage medium for determining transmission power. The method comprises the following steps: receiving CW transmitted by CWN; and determining the sending power of an uplink signal according to the parameters, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by a terminal through backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment. In the method, when the terminal receives the CW, the corresponding uplink signal can be determined based on the backscattering, and the transmission power of the uplink signal can be determined according to the self-determined parameter or the parameter indicated by the network equipment, so that the terminal can adopt proper transmission power to perform uplink transmission, thereby being beneficial to improving the success rate of uplink signal reception.

Description

Method, terminal, device, system and storage medium for determining transmission power

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, a terminal, an apparatus, a system, and a storage medium for determining transmission power.

Background

The environment internet of things (Ambient Internet of Things, ambient-IoT) is one type of internet of things, and Ambient-IoT terminals are less complex and costly and lower maintenance costs than cellular-based narrowband internet of things (Narrow Band Internet of Things, NB-IoT) terminals. An Ambient-IoT terminal needs to obtain energy from the external environment and is therefore also referred to as an environmentally powered terminal or a passive terminal.

Disclosure of Invention

There is a need to address the problem of how to determine the power applied by an event-IoT terminal during uplink transmission.

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a method, a terminal, a device, a system and a storage medium for determining transmission power.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining a transmission power, performed by a terminal, the method including:

Receiving Continuous electromagnetic waves (CW) transmitted by a Continuous electromagnetic Wave node (Continuous Wave Node, CWN or CW node);

And determining the sending power of an uplink signal according to the parameters, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by a terminal through backscattering (backscattering) of the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of determining transmission power, performed by a continuous electromagnetic wave node CWN, the method comprising:

And transmitting the CW to the terminal, wherein the CW is used for carrying out back scattering by the terminal to obtain an uplink signal, the transmitting power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to the parameters, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of determining transmit power, performed by a network device, the method comprising:

Transmitting indication information to a terminal, wherein the indication information comprises parameters for determining the uplink signal transmission power; the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for obtaining energy from the environment.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining a transmission power, which is performed by an Uplink Receiver (UR), the method including:

And receiving an uplink signal sent by the terminal, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of CW, the sending power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:

the receiving and transmitting module is used for receiving the CW sent by the CWN;

and the processing module is used for determining the sending power of the uplink signal according to the parameters, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a CWN device, including:

And the receiving and transmitting module is used for transmitting the CW to the terminal, the CW is used for carrying out back scattering by the terminal to obtain an uplink signal, the transmitting power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to the parameters, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

In a seventh aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a network device, including:

The receiving and transmitting module is used for transmitting indication information to the terminal, wherein the indication information comprises parameters for determining the uplink signal transmission power;

The uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for obtaining energy from the environment.

In an eighth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a UR device, comprising:

And the receiving and transmitting module is used for receiving an uplink signal sent by the terminal, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering the CW, the sending power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to the parameters, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

In a ninth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication apparatus, including:

One or more processors;

Wherein the communication device is adapted to perform the method as in the first, second, third or fourth aspect.

In a tenth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication system, including a terminal, a CWN device, a network device, and a UR device, where,

The terminal is configured to implement the method of the first aspect;

the CWN device is configured to implement the method of the second aspect;

The network device is configured to implement the method of the third aspect;

The UR device is configured to implement the method of the fourth aspect.

In an eleventh aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a storage medium having instructions stored therein, wherein,

The instructions, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method as in the first, second, third or fourth aspect.

In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a program product, wherein,

The program product, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as the first, second, third or fourth aspect.

In the embodiment of the disclosure, when the terminal receives the CW, the terminal may determine the corresponding uplink signal based on the backscatter, and determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the self-determined parameter or the parameter indicated by the network device, so that the terminal may use the appropriate transmission power to perform uplink transmission, which is beneficial to improving the success rate of uplink signal reception.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings, which are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not limit the protection scope of the present disclosure in any way.

Fig. 1 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIGS. 2 a-2 b are an exemplary interactive schematic of a method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart of a method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is an exemplary flow chart of a method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is an exemplary flow chart of a method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is an exemplary flow chart of a method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7a is a schematic structural view of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 7b is a schematic structural diagram of a CWN device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7c is a schematic diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 7d is a schematic diagram of a UR device, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 8a is a schematic diagram of a communication device shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8b is a schematic diagram of a communication device shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

receiving CW transmitted by a continuous electromagnetic wave node CWN;

And determining the sending power of an uplink signal according to the parameters, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by a terminal through backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

In the above embodiment, when the terminal receives the CW, the terminal may determine the corresponding uplink signal based on the backscatter, and determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the self-determined parameter or the parameter indicated by the network device, so that the terminal may use the appropriate transmission power to perform uplink transmission, which is beneficial to improving the success rate of uplink signal reception.

With reference to the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

Receiving indication information sent by network equipment, wherein the indication information comprises parameters;

Wherein the parameter is a power amplification value and/or a transmission power value indicated by the network device.

In the above embodiment, the terminal obtains the parameters indicated by the network device by receiving the indication information, so that the terminal can determine the appropriate transmission power according to the indication of the network device.

With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining, according to a parameter, a transmission power of an uplink signal includes:

and after receiving the indication information, determining the transmission power of uplink signals in one or more uplink transmissions according to the parameters.

In the above embodiment, the parameters sent by the network device in the indication information may be applied to one or more subsequent uplink transmissions, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of uplink transmission by the terminal.

With reference to the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is deactivated after the terminal receives the new indication information.

In the above embodiment, the terminal may stop the application of the parameters before the new indication information in time based on the time when the new indication information is received, so as to ensure the accuracy and rationality of determining the transmission power.

In combination with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the indication information is further used for scheduling the terminal to send an uplink signal, where the parameter is used for one scheduled uplink transmission.

In the above embodiment, the indication information sent by the network device may be used to trigger uplink transmission of the terminal, so that the terminal determines, according to the parameter in the indication information, the transmission power corresponding to the uplink transmission.

Determining the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameters and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal;

Wherein the parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

In the above embodiment, when the parameter indicated by the network device is a normalized value, the terminal may determine the appropriate transmission power based on the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal.

Transmitting an uplink signal to an uplink receiver UR according to the transmission power;

And monitoring response information sent by the UR.

In the above embodiment, after determining the transmission power, the terminal may perform uplink transmission to transfer information to the UR.

With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in some embodiments, in multiple uplink signal transmissions of the terminal, a parameter corresponding to an nth uplink signal transmission includes one of:

before the terminal transmits the Nth uplink signal, the number of received response information accounts for the proportion of the transmission number of the uplink signal;

The type of response information received by the terminal after the N-1 th uplink signal is sent;

Wherein N is an integer.

In the above embodiment, the terminal may determine the parameters related to the transmission power by itself based on different uplink signal transmission communication processes, so as to determine the transmission power according to different parameters, and improve uplink transmission flexibility.

With reference to the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, a transmission power of an nth transmission uplink signal of the terminal is smaller than a transmission power of an N-1 th transmission uplink signal; or the power amplification value of the N-th uplink signal sent by the terminal is smaller than the power amplification value of the N-1 th uplink signal sent by the terminal;

The proportion of the positive acknowledgement information is larger than a first threshold, or the type of the acknowledgement information received by the terminal after the N-1 th uplink signal is sent is the positive acknowledgement information, and the terminal continuously receives the positive acknowledgement information for a plurality of times.

In the above embodiment, before the terminal sends the current uplink, the transmission power or the power amplification value of the current uplink may be adaptively reduced according to the duty ratio of the received acknowledgement information and the type of the previous acknowledgement information, so as to save the energy consumption of the terminal on the premise of ensuring that the receiving end successfully receives the uplink.

With reference to the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, a transmission power of an nth transmission uplink signal of the terminal is greater than a transmission power of an nth-1 transmission uplink signal, or a power amplification value of an nth transmission uplink signal of the terminal is greater than a power amplification value of an nth-1 transmission uplink signal;

The proportion of the positive acknowledgement information is smaller than a first threshold, or the type of the acknowledgement information received by the terminal after the N-1 th uplink signal is sent is negative acknowledgement information.

In the above embodiment, before the terminal sends the current uplink, the terminal adaptively adjusts the sending power or the power amplification value of the current uplink according to the duty ratio of the received acknowledgement information and the type of the previous acknowledgement information, so as to timely improve the success rate of the uplink sending.

With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of the nth transmission uplink signal of the terminal is the same as the transmission power of the N-1 th transmission uplink signal, or the power amplification value of the nth transmission uplink signal of the terminal is the same as the power amplification value of the N-1 th transmission uplink signal;

wherein the proportion of the acknowledgement information is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, the first threshold being greater than the second threshold.

In the above embodiment, the terminal may maintain the previous transmission power or the power amplification value under a suitable condition, thereby improving the efficiency of uplink communication.

With reference to the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is a received power of the terminal to receive the CW.

In the above embodiment, the terminal may adaptively determine the transmission power of the present uplink transmission according to the reception power of the CW in the uplink transmission.

With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the determining, according to a parameter, a transmission power of an uplink signal includes:

determining the transmitting power of the uplink signal according to the receiving power and the power amplification value of the CW, wherein,

The power amplification value is inversely related to the received power of the CW; or alternatively

And the power amplification value is determined according to the magnitude relation between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold.

Optionally, the power amplification value of the terminal when the received power of the CW is smaller than the power threshold value is larger than the power amplification value when the received power of the CW is larger than the power threshold value.

In the above embodiment, when the received power of the CW in the uplink transmission is smaller, the terminal may adaptively increase the power amplification value, so as to improve the success rate of the uplink transmission. When the received power of the CW is larger, the terminal can adapt to the reduction of the power amplification value, thereby not only ensuring the success rate of uplink transmission, but also saving energy consumption.

Optionally, the received power of the CW is greater than a power amplification value used by the terminal to determine the transmission power when the power threshold is set, and is less than the power amplification value used by the terminal to determine the transmission power when the received power of the CW is less than the power threshold.

In the above embodiment, when the received power of the CW in the uplink transmission is large, the terminal may adapt to a reduced power amplification value, so as to reduce the power consumption of the terminal while ensuring successful uplink transmission.

With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in some embodiments, when a difference between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold is greater than or equal to a first value, the power amplification value is a first power amplification value;

When the difference value is smaller than the first value and larger than or equal to a second value, the power amplification value is a second power amplification value;

When the difference value is smaller than the second value, the power amplification value is a third power amplification value;

Wherein the third power amplification value > the second power amplification value > the first power amplification value, and the first value > the second value.

In combination with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the power threshold is set to a receive power expected by UR.

With reference to the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the power amplification value satisfies:

Power amplification value = set power threshold-received power of CW + backscatter loss.

With reference to the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is a power amplification value and/or a transmission power value indicated by the network device for the terminal.

With reference to the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, a parameter corresponding to an nth uplink signal transmission of the terminal includes one of:

the N-1 th uplink signal of the terminal transmits the corresponding response information type;

Wherein N is an integer.

With reference to the embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is a reception power of the CW received by the terminal.

Transmitting indication information to a terminal, wherein the indication information comprises parameters for determining the uplink signal transmission power; the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

With reference to the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is adapted to determine one or more transmission powers of the terminal after receiving the indication information.

With reference to the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is deactivated after the terminal receives the new indication information.

With reference to the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to perform uplink transmission of an uplink signal, where a parameter indicated by the indication information is used for one scheduled uplink transmission.

With reference to the embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining a transmission power, performed by an uplink receiver UR, the method including:

With reference to the embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

And sending response information to the terminal.

the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

One or more processors;

The terminal is configured to implement the method of the first aspect;

the CWN device is configured to implement the method of the second aspect;

The network device is configured to implement the method of the third aspect;

The UR device is configured to implement the method of the fourth aspect.

In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure propose a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to carry out the method as described in the alternative implementations of the first and second aspects.

In a fourteenth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system comprises a processing circuit configured to perform the method described in accordance with alternative implementations of the first and second aspects described above.

It will be appreciated that the above-described terminal, node device, communication system, storage medium, program product, computer program, chip or chip system is adapted to perform the methods set forth in the embodiments of the disclosure. Therefore, the advantages achieved by the method can be referred to as the advantages of the corresponding method, and will not be described herein.

The embodiments of the present disclosure are not intended to be exhaustive, but rather are exemplary of some embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. In the case of no contradiction, each step in a certain embodiment may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps may be arbitrarily combined, for example, a scheme in which part of the steps are removed in a certain embodiment may also be implemented as an independent embodiment, the order of the steps in a certain embodiment may be arbitrarily exchanged, and further, alternative implementations in a certain embodiment may be arbitrarily combined; furthermore, various embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and an embodiment may be arbitrarily combined with alternative implementations of other embodiments.

In the various embodiments of the disclosure, terms and/or descriptions of the various embodiments are consistent throughout the various embodiments and may be referenced to each other in the absence of any particular explanation or logic conflict, and features from different embodiments may be combined to form new embodiments in accordance with their inherent logic relationships.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure.

In the presently disclosed embodiments, elements that are referred to in the singular, such as "a," "an," "the," "said," etc., may mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc., unless otherwise indicated. For example, where an article (article) is used in translation, such as "a," "an," "the," etc., in english, a noun following the article may be understood as a singular expression or as a plural expression.

In the presently disclosed embodiments, "plurality" refers to two or more.

In some embodiments, terms such as "at least one of", "one or more of", "multiple of" and the like may be substituted for each other.

In some embodiments, "A, B" at least one of "," a and/or B "," a in one case, B in another case "," a in response to one case, B "in response to another case, etc., may include the following technical solutions, as appropriate: in some embodiments a (a is performed independently of B); b (B is performed independently of a) in some embodiments; in some embodiments, execution is selected from a and B (a and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments a and B (both a and B are performed). Similar to the above when there are more branches such as A, B, C.

In some embodiments, the description modes such as "a or B" may include the following technical schemes according to circumstances: in some embodiments a (a is performed independently of B); b (B is performed independently of a) in some embodiments; in some embodiments execution is selected from a and B (a and B are selectively executed). Similar to the above when there are more branches such as A, B, C.

The prefix words "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for distinguishing different description objects, and do not limit the location, order, priority, number, content, etc. of the description objects, and the statement of the description object refers to the claims or the description of the embodiment context, and should not constitute unnecessary limitations due to the use of the prefix words. For example, if the description object is a "field", the ordinal words before the "field" in the "first field" and the "second field" do not limit the position or the order between the "fields", and the "first" and the "second" do not limit whether the "fields" modified by the "first" and the "second" are in the same message or not. For another example, describing an object as "level", ordinal words preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not limit priority between "levels". As another example, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal words, and may be one or more, taking "first device" as an example, where the number of "devices" may be one or more. Furthermore, objects modified by different prefix words may be the same or different, e.g., the description object is "a device", then "a first device" and "a second device" may be the same device or different devices, and the types may be the same or different; for another example, the description object is "information", and the "first information" and the "second information" may be the same information or different information, and the contents thereof may be the same or different.

In some embodiments, "comprising a", "containing a", "for indicating a", "carrying a", may be interpreted as carrying a directly, or as indicating a indirectly.

In some embodiments, the terms "responsive to … …", "responsive to determination … …", "in the case of … …", "at … …", "when … …", "if … …", "if … …", and the like may be interchanged.

In some embodiments, terms "greater than", "greater than or equal to", "not less than", "more than or equal to", "not less than", "above" and the like may be interchanged, and terms "less than", "less than or equal to", "not greater than", "less than or equal to", "not more than", "below", "lower than or equal to", "no higher than", "below" and the like may be interchanged.

In some embodiments, the apparatuses and devices may be interpreted as entities, or may be interpreted as virtual, and the names thereof are not limited to those described in the embodiments, and may also be interpreted as "device (apparatus)", "device)", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "component (section)", "system", "network", "chip system", "entity", "body", and the like in some cases.

In some embodiments, a "network" may be interpreted as an apparatus comprised in the network, e.g. an access network device, a core network device, etc.

In some embodiments, the "access network device (access network device, AN device)" may also be referred to as a "radio access network device (radio access network device, RAN DEVICE)", "Base Station (BS)", "radio base station (radio base station)", "fixed station (fixed station)", and in some embodiments may also be referred to as a "node)", "access point (access point)", "transmission point (transmission point, TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "transmission and/or reception point (transmission/reception point), TRP)", "panel", "antenna panel (ANTENNA PANEL)", "antenna array (ANTENNA ARRAY)", "cell", "macro cell", "small cell (SMALL CELL)", "femto cell", "pico cell", "sector", "cell group", "serving cell", "carrier", "component carrier (component carrier)", "bandwidth part (BWP)", etc.

In some embodiments, a "terminal" or "terminal device (TERMINAL DEVICE)" may be referred to as a "User Equipment (UE)", "user terminal" (MS) "," mobile station (MT) ", subscriber station (subscriber station), mobile unit (mobile unit), subscriber unit (subscore unit), wireless unit (wireless unit), remote unit (remote unit), mobile device (mobiledevice), wireless device (WIRELESS DEVICE), wireless communication device (wireless communication device), remote device (remote device), mobile subscriber station (mobile subscriber station), access terminal (ACCESS TERMINAL), mobile terminal (mobile terminal), wireless terminal (WIRELESS TERMINAL), remote terminal (remote terminal), handheld device (handset), user agent (user agent), mobile client (mobile client), client (client), and the like.

In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc. may comply with laws and regulations of the country of locale.

In some embodiments, data, information, etc. may be obtained after user consent is obtained.

Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the tables of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented as a separate embodiment, and any combination of elements, any rows, or any columns may also be implemented as a separate embodiment.

Fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a communication system shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1, the communication system 100 may include at least one of: a terminal 101, a CWN102, a network device 103, UR104 and an energy source node (Energy Source Node, ESN) 104. Alternatively, the number of devices or nodes in fig. 1 is merely illustrative, and a plurality of devices or nodes may be used in the practical application.

In some embodiments, terminal 101 may be an event-IoT terminal or referred to as a device (device). The terminal 101 may not be configured with a battery, and may be powered and energized by the received electromagnetic signal; or a battery with a small amount of electricity storage function is configured, and the energy of the battery is obtained by acquiring electromagnetic waves, heat energy, kinetic energy and the like from the outside.

Alternatively, the power acquisition and storage capabilities of the terminal 101 may vary depending on the type and manner of operation of the terminal. Types of the terminal 101 include:

device (Device) a: no independent signal generation or amplification can be performed. For example, device a may operate using backscatter or backscatter communications, without the capability of Downstream (DL) signal and/or Upstream (UL) signal amplification.

Device B: with energy storage capability, independent signal generation is not possible. For example, device B may use stored energy for DL and/or UL signal amplification using back-scattering modes of operation. The modulation and demodulation modes possibly used by the device A or the device B are relatively simple, such as a binary on-off keying (OOK) method or a phase-shift keying (PSK) method.

Device C: the energy storage capability may be used to independently generate signals, such as a Radio Frequency (RF) module that actively transmits signals. The Device C may use a modulation and coding scheme with higher complexity, such as OFDM modulation and demodulation.

Among the 3 types of terminals 101 described above, the device C has the strongest capability and the highest cost of the terminal. The capability of the device A and the device B is weak, and the terminal cost is low. In addition, since the device a and the device B can only use the back-scattering operation mode and cannot actively transmit signals, the coverage area supportable by the terminal is smaller, but the power consumption of the operation mode of the device a or the device B is lower than that of the operation mode of the device C.

In some embodiments, CWN102 is used to transmit CWs, and terminal 101 may transmit uplink information using CWs based on backscatter. CWN103 may implement an excitation function for uplink transmission by device a and device B based on backscatter; in addition, the CW may be used as an Energy Source (ES) to power the terminal 101, and the terminal 101 may receive the CW and store Energy.

In some embodiments, the network device 103 may act as a downstream signaling node (Downlink Signal Node, DSN) for transmitting downstream or indication information. The DSN may also be a relay device such as a relay UE. Wherein the network device 103 may comprise a base station. The network device 103 may send an indication to the terminal 101 to trigger an uplink transmission of the terminal 101.

In some embodiments, UR104 may be a terminal or User Equipment (UE) other than terminal 101 for receiving uplink information sent by the event-IoT terminal 101. For example, the receiving terminal 101 transmits uplink information based on a backscatter communication scheme, or the receiving terminal 101 actively transmits uplink information.

In some embodiments, ESN105 is used to power terminal 101. For example, ESN105 is a device B and device C function, and may not define ES signals other than CW for device A due to the limited energy storage capability supported by device A. Or ES may be used for device a as well.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, 4 links (links) may be included in the event-IoT communication system, including, for example: a link 1 for transmitting downlink information, a link 2 for receiving uplink information, a link 3 for transmitting CW and a link 4 for transmitting a charging signal.

Alternatively, link 4 may be network controlled, e.g., the network may control ESN105 to turn on or off charging of terminal 101. The energy supplied by the ESN105 may be from electromagnetic waves or non-electromagnetic waves; at this time, the ESN105 can better cooperate with functions such as network scheduling, so that the communication of the terminal 101 is not affected as much as possible while the charging of the terminal 101 is ensured. Or the ESN105 is not controlled by a network, or the terminal 101 flexibly and automatically collects energy according to the capability of the terminal 101 and the energy source in the actual environment, for example, electromagnetic wave or non-electromagnetic wave energy which is not controlled by the network is collected, and no specific ESN105 node exists; at this time, it can be considered that link 4 does not exist.

Alternatively, several nodes such as DSN102, CWN103, ESN104, and UR105 involved in the 4 links in the above embodiments may be separately provided, or may be the same node or device, or 2, 3, or 4 of them may be provided as one node or device. For example, in some embodiments, link 4 may be omitted or absent.

In some embodiments, the functions of the different nodes may be implemented or supported by one device, for example, one device supports the functions of the plurality of nodes or supports the functions of all the nodes. Or a node of a device corresponding to only one of the functions described above. A network such as a network device may coordinate the behavior of the different nodes described above such as DSN102, CWN103, ESN104, and UR105 devices to support efficient communication with terminal 101.

In some embodiments, the terminal 101 includes at least one of, for example, a mobile phone (mobile phone), a wearable device, an internet of things device, a communication enabled car, a smart car, a tablet (Pad), a wireless transceiver enabled computer, a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal device in unmanned-driving (self-driving), a wireless terminal device in teleoperation (remote medical surgery), a wireless terminal device in smart grid (SMART GRID), a wireless terminal device in transportation security (transportation safety), a wireless terminal device in smart city (SMART CITY), a wireless terminal device in smart home (smart home), but is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the network device 103 may include at least one of an access network device and a core network device.

In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that accesses a terminal to a wireless network, and the access network device may include at least one of an evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation evolved NodeB (next generation eNB, ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (next generation NodeB, gNB), a NodeB (node B, NB), a Home NodeB (HNB), a home NodeB (home evolved nodeB, heNB), a wireless backhaul device, a radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), a base station controller (base station controller, BSC), a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), a baseband unit (BBU), a mobile switching center, a base station in a 6G communication system, an Open base station (Open RAN), a Cloud base station (Cloud RAN), a base station in other communication systems, a wireless fidelity (WIRELESS FIDELITY, wiFi) system, but is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the technical solutions of the present disclosure may be applied to an Open RAN architecture, where an access network device or an interface in an access network device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may become an internal interface of the Open RAN, and flow and information interaction between these internal interfaces may be implemented by using software or a program.

In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a Central Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU), where the CU may also be referred to as a control unit (control unit), and the structure of the CU-DU may be used to split the protocol layers of the access network device, where functions of part of the protocol layers are centrally controlled by the CU, and functions of the rest of all the protocol layers are distributed in the DU, and the DU is centrally controlled by the CU, but is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the core network device may be a device, including one or more network elements, or may be a plurality of devices or groups of devices, each including all or part of one or more network elements. The network element may be virtual or physical. The core network comprises, for example, at least one of an evolved packet core (Evolved Packet Core, EPC), a 5G core network (5G Core Network,5GCN), a next generation core (Next Generation Core, NGC). Or the core network device refers to a network element with a specific Function, such as an access management Function (ACCESS MANAGEMENT Function, AMF), a service management Function (SERVICE MANAGEMENT Function, SMF), and the like.

It may be understood that, the communication system described in the embodiments of the present disclosure is for more clearly describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not limited to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art may know that, with the evolution of the system architecture and the appearance of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to similar technical problems.

The embodiments of the present disclosure described below may be applied to the communication system 100 shown in fig. 1, or a part of the main body, but are not limited thereto.

The respective bodies shown in fig. 1 are examples, and the communication system may include all or part of the bodies in fig. 1, or may include other bodies than fig. 1, and the number and form of the respective bodies are arbitrary, and the connection relationship between the respective bodies is examples, and the respective bodies may be not connected or may be connected, and the connection may be arbitrary, direct connection or indirect connection, or wired connection or wireless connection.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-a), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, fourth generation mobile communication system (4th generation mobile communication system,4G)), fifth generation mobile communication system (5th generation mobile communication system,5G), 5G New air interface (New Radio, NR), future Radio access (Future Radio Access, FRA), new Radio access technology (New-Radio Access Technology, RAT), new Radio (New Radio, NR), new Radio access (New Radio access, NX), future generation Radio access (Future generation Radio access, FX), global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, ultra mobile broadband (Ultra Mobile Broadband, UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, ultra-WideBand (UWB), bluetooth (registered trademark)), land public mobile network (Public Land Mobile Network, PLMN) network, device-to-Device (D2D) system, machine-to-machine (Machine to Machine, M2M) system, internet of things (Internet of Things, ioT) system, vehicle-to-eventing (V2X), system utilizing other communication processing methods, next generation system extended based on them, and the like. In addition, a plurality of system combinations (e.g., LTE or a combination of LTE-a and 5G, etc.) may be applied.

In the disclosed embodiment, the terminal 101 may communicate based on a backscatter manner. Backscatter (backscattering) or backscatter communication (Backscatter Communications) is an extremely low power modulation and transmission technique that utilizes the principle of backscatter of radio frequency signals, a means of achieving wisdom. In the backscattering communication, the CWN102 transmits a radio frequency signal, such as CW, the terminal 101 receives the electromagnetic wave, and the internal circuit of the terminal 101 modulates information to be transmitted on the basis of the incident electromagnetic wave by means of load impedance modulation or the like, and then transmits the modulated electromagnetic wave carrying the information. The information modulation method may be a variety of methods, such as Amplitude shift keying (Amplitude SHIFT KEYING, ASK), frequency Shift Keying (FSK) or phase-shift keying (phase-SHIFT KEYING, PSK).

In the embodiment of the disclosure, the event IOT system can be used for application scenes such as inventory, sensors, positioning, command execution and the like. The network coverage performance of the existence IOT is limited, the information transmission between the terminal 101 and the network is easily affected by the environment, and in the application scenario, the terminal 101 needs to ensure reliable connection with the network.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in the event IOT system, how to determine the power of the terminal 101 with power amplification capability to transmit the uplink signal or the power amplification value applied by the terminal is a problem to be solved.

Fig. 2a is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a method of determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2a, an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining a transmission power, the method including:

In step S2101, the network apparatus 103 transmits instruction information to the terminal 101.

Optionally, the indication information includes a parameter, which is a power amplification value indicated by the network device 103 and/or a transmission power value indicated by the network device.

In an example, the network device 103 may indicate a power amplification value to the terminal 101 through the indication information, the power amplification value being used for power amplifying the received CW in uplink transmission or uplink transmission of the terminal 101.

In this example, the power amplification value may be 0 or greater than 0. When the power amplification value is 0, the terminal 101 is instructed not to perform power amplification.

In this example, the terminal 101 may alternatively support one or more power amplification values, or a continuous value over a range of values, and the power amplification value indicated by the network device 103 may be one of the terminal 101 support values.

Optionally, when the indication information does not carry the power amplification value, the power amplification value is indicated as a default value.

In another example, the network device 103 may indicate a transmission power value to the terminal 101 through the indication information so that the terminal 101 performs uplink transmission or uplink transmission based on the transmission power value.

In some embodiments, after receiving the indication information, the terminal may determine the transmission power of the uplink signal in one or more uplink transmissions according to the parameter, i.e. the parameter is suitable for determining the transmission power of the terminal in one or more uplink transmissions after receiving the indication information.

Optionally, the network device 103 sends corresponding indication information before each uplink transmission of the terminal 101, where the indication information sent each time is applicable to one uplink transmission after the indication information, that is, the terminal 101 may determine the sending power in the corresponding one uplink transmission by using the parameters in the indication information, so that power adjustment can be performed timely.

Optionally, the network device 103 sends an indication information once, and parameters in the indication information are used for multiple uplink transmissions of the terminal 101 after the indication information, that is, the terminal 101 can determine multiple sending powers by using the parameters in the indication information, which is beneficial to saving signaling resources.

Alternatively, the indication information may be used to trigger uplink transmission or uplink transmission of the terminal 101. Or the indication information is not used to trigger the uplink transmission of the terminal 101.

In an example, the indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to transmit an uplink signal, where the parameter is used for one scheduled uplink transmission.

In this example, the indication information sent by the network device 103 is used to trigger the terminal 101 to perform uplink transmission, and the parameter in the indication information may be used only for the triggered or scheduled uplink transmission. Or the parameters in the indication information may be used for multiple upstream transmissions after the indication information.

In another example, the indication information sent by the network device 103 does not trigger uplink transmission of the terminal 101, and the parameter in the indication information may be applied to multiple uplink transmissions after the indication information.

In some embodiments, the parameter is deactivated after the terminal receives the new indication information.

Optionally, the new indication information includes or indicates a new parameter, such as changing the power amplification value in the original indication information.

Alternatively, in combination with the description of the foregoing embodiment, the parameter in one indication may be applied to one or more uplink transmissions after the indication until the terminal 101 receives the next indication containing the new parameter.

In some embodiments, the parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit, and the terminal 101 needs to determine the transmission power according to the number of frequency domain units and the normalized value.

Alternatively, when the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal 101 does not perform power amplification, if the power amplification value in the indication information is 0, it indicates that the terminal 101 does not perform power amplification in each frequency domain unit of uplink transmission.

In some embodiments, the terminal 101 receives the indication information, and may determine uplink transmission power and perform uplink transmission based on the indication information.

Alternatively, the terminal 101 may be a terminal supporting a power amplification function.

Alternatively, if the terminal 101 is a terminal that does not support the power amplification function, the indication information may be ignored.

In an example, the network device 103 sends the indication information by multicast or broadcast, and the terminal without the power amplification function also receives the indication information, and the part of the terminal may ignore the indication information.

In another example, the terminal 101 supports the power amplification function, but is limited in that battery power tends to be exhausted, and the terminal 101 stops using the power amplification function. At this time, if the terminal 101 receives the instruction information, the instruction information may be ignored.

In step S2102, the CWN102 transmits a CW to the terminal 101.

Alternatively, CW is used for terminal 101 to obtain the upstream signal based on backscatter.

In some embodiments, CWN102 may be a stand alone node, or network device 103 may be the CWN102, or UR104 may be the CWN102.

In some embodiments, terminal 101 receives the CW, and the received power of the CW may be denoted as P1. Alternatively, the backscattering loss or backscattering power loss when the terminal 101 performs backscattering is denoted as L1.

Optionally, the terminal 101 is configured to amplify the P1 by using a power amplification value indicated by the network device 103.

In some embodiments, the terminal 101 needs to send a corresponding CW by the CWN102 in each uplink transmission.

Alternatively, the terminal 101 may perform power amplification on a CW basis each time.

In step S2103, the terminal 101 determines the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameter.

In some embodiments, in connection with the implementation of step S2101, the parameter indicated by the network device 103 may include a power amplification value and/or a transmit power value.

In an example, if the network device 103 indicates that the power amplification value is delta1 (unit dB) through the indication information, the terminal 101 may determine that the transmission power P is: p=min { P _MAX, p1—l1+delta1}, where P _MAX is the maximum transmit power for uplink transmission of terminal 101.

In another example, if the network device 103 indicates the transmission power value P' by the indication information, the terminal 101 may determine that the transmission power P is: p=min { P _MAX, P' }.

In some embodiments, if the parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit, the terminal 101 needs to determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameter and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal.

For example, the network device 103 indicates, by the indication information, that the normalized value of the power amplification value is delta1 (unit dB), and the number of the uplink signals of the terminal 101 occupy the frequency domain units is M, then the terminal 101 may determine that the power amplification value to be applied is delta1+10log ₁₀ (M), and then the transmission power P is: p=p1-l1+ (delta 1+10log ₁₀ (M)).

For another example, if the normalized value of the transmission power value indicated by the indication information is delta1 (unit dB) and the number of the uplink signal occupied by the terminal 101 is M, the terminal 101 may determine that the transmission power P to be applied is: p=delta1+10log ₁₀ (M).

In step S2104, the terminal 101 transmits an uplink signal to the UR 104.

Alternatively, the terminal 101 transmits the uplink signal according to the determined transmission power.

Alternatively, the terminal 101 may perform power amplification on the uplink signal and transmit the signal on the basis of the reception power P1 of the CW.

In some embodiments, the frequency of the uplink signal may be identical to the frequency of the CW or there may be an offset (offset) of a magnitude related to the hardware characteristics of the terminal 101, which may be a fixed value, or a value supporting multiple fixed values, or a dynamically adjusted value.

In some embodiments, the available spectrum resources of an event IoT system may be divided into a plurality of subchannels, each subchannel occupying a fixed bandwidth, the frequency domains being orthogonal between the subchannels. Terminal 101 may transmit the uplink signal using one or more of the subchannels based on the indication of network device 103, or terminal 101 may select one or more of the subchannels to transmit the uplink signal via some algorithm.

In some embodiments, UR104 receives the upstream signal.

In step S2105, UR104 transmits response information to terminal 101.

Alternatively, UR104 may transmit response information to terminal 101 based on the reception situation of the uplink signal.

Alternatively, the acknowledgement information may comprise positive acknowledgement information or negative acknowledgement information. The acknowledgement information may include a variety of ways, for example, acknowledgement information using an ACK and negative acknowledgement information using a NACK. For another example, the acknowledgement information may be that the receiving end returns an information to the sending end according to the data transmission flow after receiving the information of the sending end.

For example, after the UR104 correctly receives the uplink signal, acknowledgement information such as ACK is sent to the terminal 101; the uplink signal is not correctly received, negative acknowledgement information such as NACK is transmitted to the terminal 101, or no acknowledgement is made.

In some embodiments, terminal 101 receives the reply information of UR 104.

In some embodiments, the names of information and the like are not limited to the names described in the embodiments, and terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "field", and the like may be replaced with each other.

In some embodiments, "acquire," "obtain," "receive," "transmit," "bi-directional transmit," "send and/or receive" may be used interchangeably and may be interpreted as receiving from other principals, acquiring from protocols, acquiring from higher layers, processing itself, autonomous implementation, etc.

In some embodiments, terms such as "send," "transmit," "report," "send," "transmit," "bi-directional," "send and/or receive," and the like may be used interchangeably.

In some embodiments, terms such as "radio," "wireless," "radio access network," "RAN," and "RAN-based" may be used interchangeably.

In some embodiments, terms such as "time of day," "point of time," "time location," and the like may be interchanged, and terms such as "duration," "period," "time window," "time," and the like may be interchanged.

In some embodiments, terms of "component carrier (component carrier, CC)", "cell", "frequency carrier (frequency carrier)", "carrier frequency (carrier frequency)", and the like may be interchanged.

In some embodiments, terms such as "specific (certains)", "predetermined (preseted)", "preset", "set", "indicated (indicated)", "certain", "arbitrary", "first", and the like may be replaced with each other, and "specific a", "predetermined a", "preset a", "set a", "indicated a", "certain a", "arbitrary a", "first a" may be interpreted as a predetermined in a protocol or the like, may be interpreted as a obtained by setting, configuring, or indicating, or the like, may be interpreted as specific a, certain a, arbitrary a, or first a, or the like, but are not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the determination or judgment may be performed by a value (0 or 1) expressed in 1bit, may be performed by a true-false value (boolean) expressed in true (true) or false (false), or may be performed by a comparison of values (e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, "not expected to receive" may be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and/or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on data or the like after the data or the like is received; "not expected to transmit" may be interpreted as not transmitting, or may be interpreted as transmitting but not expecting the receiver to respond to the transmitted content.

The method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2105, such as steps S2102 to S2103.

In some embodiments, at least one of steps S2101, S2104, S2105 may be omitted, or replaced by one or more means in different embodiments.

In some embodiments, reference may be made to other alternative implementations described before or after the description corresponding to fig. 2 a.

Fig. 2b is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a method of determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 2b, an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining a transmission power, the method including:

In step S2201, the network device 103 transmits instruction information to the terminal 101.

In some embodiments, the indication information is used to instruct the terminal 101 to perform uplink transmission or uplink transmission. Optionally, after receiving the indication information, the terminal 101 may perform a response or related operation, such as performing uplink transmission.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the indication information may also refer to an optional implementation of step S2101, which is not described herein.

In step S2202, the CWN102 transmits CW to the terminal 101.

In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2202 may refer to an alternative implementation of step S2102, which is not described herein.

In step S2203, the terminal 101 determines the transmission power of the nth uplink signal according to the parameter corresponding to the nth uplink signal.

Optionally, N is an integer, such as may be greater than or equal to 1.

In some embodiments, if the terminal 101 performs the first uplink transmission, the embodiment of step S2203 may refer to an alternative embodiment of step S2203, where the determination of the transmission power is performed according to the indication of the network device 103, which is not described herein.

In some embodiments, if the terminal 101 has performed at least one uplink transmission, in combination with the optional implementation of step S2105, step S2203 may determine the transmission power according to the response information.

In some embodiments, in the multiple uplink signal transmissions of the terminal, the parameter corresponding to the nth uplink signal transmission of the terminal includes one of the following:

Wherein N is an integer.

Alternatively, the number of transmissions of the uplink signal, i.e., the number of response messages that the terminal 101 expects to receive.

Alternatively, in combination with the embodiment of step S2105, the terminal 101 may count the duty ratio of the response information corresponding to the uplink signal that is historically transmitted, such as the duty ratio of ACK, the duty ratio of NACK, or the duty ratio of the uplink signal that is not responded.

Optionally, when the terminal 101 does not receive the response information corresponding to the uplink signal within the set duration, the duty ratio of the uplink signal which is not responded is counted.

Alternatively, the terminal 101 may perform uplink transmission with different URs 104, and the terminal 101 needs to separately count the duty ratio of the response information corresponding to each UR 104. The uplink transmission power to UR104 is adjusted based on the duty cycle of UR104 response information.

Optionally, the type of the response information received by the terminal after sending the nth-1 uplink signal refers to the type of the response information corresponding to the nth-1 uplink signal. For example, based on the set duration, the terminal may receive the response information corresponding to each uplink signal after each uplink signal is transmitted and before the next uplink signal is transmitted. Or in other examples, if the type of response information corresponding to the nth-1 uplink signal may be received after the nth-1 uplink signal is sent, the type of response information corresponding to the nth-1 previous uplink signal may also be received, where the type of response information received after the nth-1 uplink signal may only include the type of response information corresponding to the nth-1 uplink signal.

In an example, the transmission power of the nth transmission uplink signal of the terminal is smaller than the transmission power of the N-1 th transmission uplink signal; or the power amplification value of the N-th uplink signal sent by the terminal is smaller than the power amplification value of the N-1 th uplink signal sent by the terminal;

In this example, when the duty ratio of the acknowledgement information is greater than the first threshold, the terminal 101 may adjust the transmission power or the power amplification value to be smaller in the current uplink transmission than in the previous uplink transmission. For example, the first threshold may be 95%, and after the terminal 101 transmits the uplink signal to the UR1, the UR1 correctly receives the uplink signal and transmits an ACK to the terminal 101. Before the present transmission, if the terminal 101 determines that the proportion of the number of ACKs to the total number of uplink signals transmitted to UR1 is greater than or equal to 95%, for example, between 95% and 100%, the terminal 101 may reduce the power amplification value used when the present uplink transmission to UR1 is performed.

In this example, when the terminal 101 has received a plurality of pieces of acknowledgement information including the last acknowledgement information, the terminal 101 may adjust the transmission power or the power amplification value to be smaller in the current uplink transmission than in the last uplink transmission. For example, based on the response information of the last uplink transmission, if NACK is received last time, the terminal 101 increases the power amplification value in the current uplink transmission; if K times of ACK are received continuously, the power amplification value is reduced, and the value of K can be defined by a protocol or network configuration or terminal implementation by itself. Wherein K is greater than 1.

In another example, the transmission power of the terminal for the nth transmission of the uplink signal is greater than the transmission power of the N-1 th transmission of the uplink signal, or the power amplification value of the terminal for the nth transmission of the uplink signal is greater than the power amplification value of the N-1 th transmission of the uplink signal;

In this example, when the duty ratio of the acknowledgement information is smaller than the first threshold, the terminal 101 adjusts the transmission power or the power amplification value in the current uplink transmission as compared with the previous uplink transmission. For example, the first threshold may be 95%, and before the present transmission, if the ACK ratio in the uplink transmission of the terminal 101 and UR1 is less than 95%, the terminal 101 may increase the transmission power or the power amplification value of the present uplink transmission. For another example, the first threshold may be 90%, and before the current transmission, if the ACK ratio in the uplink transmission of the terminal 101 and UR1 is smaller than 90%, the terminal 101 may increase the transmission power or the power amplification value of the current uplink transmission.

In yet another example, the transmission power of the nth transmission uplink signal of the terminal is the same as the transmission power of the N-1 th transmission uplink signal; wherein the proportion of the acknowledgement information is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, the first threshold being greater than the second threshold.

In this example, the first threshold may be 95%, and the second threshold may be 90%, where when the positive acknowledgement information, such as ACK, is 90% -95%, the terminal 101 may maintain the power amplification value or the transmission power used last time in the current uplink transmission, so as to avoid frequent power adjustment by the terminal 101.

Alternatively, the threshold or value range in the above three examples may be defined by a protocol, configured by a network device, or implemented by the terminal itself.

In some embodiments, the parameter is the received power of the terminal to receive the CW.

Alternatively, terminal 101 may determine or detect the received power of the CW during reception of the CW.

Alternatively, in each uplink transmission, the CWN102 needs to provide the CW corresponding to the uplink transmission, i.e., the received power of the CW corresponding to each uplink transmission.

In some embodiments, the terminal determines the transmit power of the uplink signal based on the received power of the CW and the power amplification value, wherein,

The power amplification value is inversely related to the received power of the CW; or the power amplification value is determined according to the magnitude relation between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold.

In one example, the received power of the CW is low, and the applied power amplification value is large; the received power of the CW is high, and the applied power amplification value is small, or no power amplification is applied. For example, the terminal determines a power amplification value when the received power of the CW is less than a power threshold value, which is greater than when the received power of the CW is greater than the power threshold value; wherein the transmission power is determined according to the reception power and the power amplification value of the CW.

In this example, when the reception power of the CW is smaller than the power threshold, that is, when the reception power of the CW is low, the applied power amplification value is large, thereby ensuring a sufficient transmission power.

In another example, the set power threshold may be the receive power expected by UR. For example, when the reception power of the CW is larger than the reception power expected by UR, the terminal determines the power amplification value used for the transmission power, and when the reception power of the CW is smaller than the reception power expected by UR, the terminal determines the power amplification value used for the transmission power.

In this example, the terminal 101 may compare the signal received power P _UR expected by the power threshold with the received power P _r-CW of the CW received by the terminal 101, where a received power of the CW greater than the expected received power of the UR indicates that the terminal 101 may meet the receiving requirement of the UR without power amplification or with a small power amplification, and the terminal 101 may use a smaller power amplification value.

In this example, the terminal 101 may also compare the difference between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold, and select an appropriate power amplification value according to the difference, so as to determine the transmission power.

For example, the difference P _r-CW-P_UR between the received power of CW and the received power expected by the set power Threshold, e.g., UR, is greater than or equal to the first value (e.g., the first value is denoted as Threshold 1), i.e., P _r-CW-P_UR is greater than or equal to Threshold1, the power amplification value is the first power amplification value delta 1, and the terminal determines the transmission power according to delta 1;

When the difference value P _r-CW-P_UR is smaller than the first value and larger than or equal to a second value (such as the second value is marked as Threshold 2), namely Threshold2 is smaller than or equal to P _r-CW-P_UR and smaller than Threshold1, the power amplification value is a second power amplification value delta 2, and the terminal determines the transmitting power according to the delta 2;

When the difference value is smaller than a second value, such as P _r-CW-P_UR < Threshold2, the power amplification value is a third power amplification value delta 3, and the terminal determines the transmitting power according to the third power amplification value delta 3;

Wherein, the third power amplification value delta 3 is greater than the second power amplification value delta 2 is greater than the first power amplification value delta 1, and the first value Threshold1 is greater than the second value Threshold2.

In this example, if the reception power of the CW is high, the applied power amplification value is small or no power amplification is applied.

In some embodiments, the power amplification value satisfies: power amplification value = set power threshold-received power of CW + backscatter loss. The terminal 101 may determine the power amplification value accordingly, and thus determine the transmission power, e.g. the transmission power is (power amplification value + reception power of CW), i.e. the terminal 101 amplifies the reception power of CW based on the power amplification value.

In step S2204, the terminal 101 transmits an uplink signal to the UR 104.

In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2204 may refer to an alternative implementation of step S2104, which is not described herein.

In step S2205, UR104 transmits response information to terminal 101.

In some embodiments, the implementation of step S2205 may refer to an alternative implementation of step S2105, which is not described herein.

The method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2201 to S2205, such as steps S2202 to S2203.

In some embodiments, reference may be made to other alternative implementations described before or after the description corresponding to fig. 2 b.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method of determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method of determining transmission power, the method being performed by a terminal 101, the method including:

In step S3101, the CW transmitted by the CWN is received.

In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3101 may refer to the alternative implementation of step S2102, which is not described herein.

In step S3102, the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined according to the parameter.

In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3102 may refer to an alternative implementation of step S2103, which is not described herein.

In some embodiments, the implementation of step S3102 may refer to the alternative implementation of step S2203, which is not described herein.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

wherein the parameter is a power amplification value indicated by the network device and/or a transmission power value indicated by the network device.

Optionally, the parameter is adapted to the determination of the one or more transmit powers of the terminal after receiving the indication information.

Optionally, the parameter is deactivated after the terminal receives the new indication information.

Optionally, the indication information is further used for scheduling the terminal to perform uplink transmission of the uplink signal, where the parameter indicated by the indication information is used for one scheduled uplink transmission.

Optionally, determining the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameter includes:

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

And monitoring response information sent by the UR.

In some embodiments, the parameters corresponding to the nth uplink signal transmission of the terminal include one of the following:

Wherein N is an integer.

In some embodiments, the transmission power of the nth transmitted uplink signal of the terminal is smaller than the transmission power of the N-1 th transmitted uplink signal; or the power amplification value of the N-th uplink signal sent by the terminal is smaller than the power amplification value of the N-1 th uplink signal sent by the terminal;

The proportion of the positive acknowledgement information is larger than a first threshold, or the type of the acknowledgement information corresponding to the N-1 th uplink signal transmission of the terminal is the positive acknowledgement information, and the terminal continuously receives the positive acknowledgement information for a plurality of times.

In some embodiments, the transmission power of the nth transmitted uplink signal of the terminal is greater than the transmission power of the N-1 th transmitted uplink signal, or the power amplification value of the nth transmitted uplink signal of the terminal is greater than the power amplification value of the N-1 th transmitted uplink signal;

the proportion of the positive acknowledgement information is smaller than a first threshold, or the type of the acknowledgement information corresponding to the N-1 th uplink signal transmission of the terminal is negative acknowledgement information.

In some embodiments, the transmission power of the nth transmitted uplink signal of the terminal is the same as the transmission power of the N-1 th transmitted uplink signal;

In some embodiments, the parameter is a received power at which the terminal receives the CW.

In some embodiments, the transmit power is determined based on the received power and the power amplification value of the CW, wherein,

In some embodiments, when the difference between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold is greater than or equal to the first value, the power amplification value is the first power amplification value;

When the difference value is smaller than the first value and larger than or equal to the second value, the power amplification value is the second power amplification value;

In some embodiments, the power threshold is set to the receive power expected by UR.

In some embodiments, the power amplification value satisfies:

In some embodiments, reference may be made to alternative implementations described before or after the description corresponding to fig. 3.

Fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method of determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining a transmission power, the method being performed by the CWN102, the method comprising:

Step S4101, CW is transmitted to terminal 101.

In some embodiments, the implementation of step S4101 may refer to the alternative implementation of step S2102, which is not described herein.

In some embodiments, the parameter is a power amplification value and/or a transmit power value indicated by the network device for the terminal.

Wherein N is an integer.

In some embodiments, reference may be made to alternative implementations described before or after the description corresponding to fig. 4.

Fig. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a method of determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining a transmission power, the method being performed by a network device 103, the method comprising:

step S5101, instruction information is transmitted to the terminal 101.

In some embodiments, the implementation of step S5101 may refer to an alternative implementation of step S2101, which is not described herein.

Optionally, the indication information includes a parameter for determining uplink signal transmission power; the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for acquiring energy from the environment.

In some embodiments, the parameter is adapted to the determination of the one or more transmit powers of the terminal after receiving the indication information.

In some embodiments, the indication information is further used for scheduling the terminal to perform uplink transmission of the uplink signal, where the parameter indicated by the indication information is used for one scheduled uplink transmission.

In some embodiments, the parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

In some embodiments, reference may be made to alternative implementations described before or after the description corresponding to fig. 5.

Fig. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a method of determining transmit power according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 6, an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for determining transmission power, the method being performed by UR104, the method comprising:

In step S6101, an uplink signal transmitted by the terminal 101 is received.

In some embodiments, the implementation of step S6101 may refer to an alternative implementation of step S2104, which is not described herein.

Optionally, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering the CW, the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to the parameter, and the terminal is an internet of things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

And sending response information to the terminal.

In some embodiments, reference may be made to alternative implementations described before or after the description corresponding to fig. 6.

The disclosed embodiments propose a method of how to determine the power at which it transmits an upstream signal or the power amplification value it applies for a power amplification capable device in an Ambient IoT network.

Alternatively, the device corresponds to the terminal 101 in the foregoing embodiment. To facilitate an understanding of the disclosed embodiments, the following list of examples:

Example one:

For devices that use backscatter mode of operation, power amplification may be used by the Device in transmitting the upstream signal. The power amplification values that the Device can support may be only 1 value or may be several power amplification values. It is also possible that the device supports a range of values that are consecutive.

Example two:

The power amplification value supported by the Device is also limited by the maximum power P _MAX of the Device uplink transmission. For example, if the power received by the Device CW is P1, the back-scattered power loss is L1, the power amplification value to be applied is delta1, and the maximum transmission power of the Device is P _MAX, then the transmission power p=min { P _MAX, p1—l1+delta1} of the Device.

Example three:

The determination of the power at which the device transmits the upstream signal may be indicated by the network or may be self-adjusting by the device.

Example four:

the network instructs the device to apply a power amplification value when performing back scattering or instructs the device to transmit power when performing back scattering to transmit an uplink signal through a downlink instruction.

Alternatively, the downlink instruction corresponds to the instruction information of the foregoing embodiment.

In a first embodiment, the downlink instruction may be used to trigger uplink transmission of the device. Wherein:

i. The power amplification value or the transmission power indicated in the downlink instruction may be applied only to the triggered uplink transmission, or may be applied to multiple uplink transmissions after the downlink instruction (until another downlink instruction changes the power amplification value);

In a second embodiment, the downlink instruction may not trigger the uplink transmission of the device. Wherein:

i. the power amplification value or transmit power indicated in a downstream instruction may be applied to multiple upstream transmissions following the downstream instruction (until another downstream instruction changes the power amplification value).

In a third embodiment, the power amplification value may be indicated as not power amplifying.

In a fourth embodiment, the power amplification value or the transmission power may be a normalized value for one frequency domain unit. Wherein:

i. The power value of the Device when performing uplink transmission depends on the normalized value and the calculation result of the number of frequency domain units occupied by the Device uplink transmission signal. Assuming that the normalized value is delta1 (dB unit), the number of frequency domain units of the upstream transmission of the device is N, the power amplification value or transmission power to be applied by the device is delta1+10log ₁₀ (N).

When indicated as not power amplified, no power amplification is performed in each frequency domain unit.

In a fifth embodiment, the device will ignore the instruction if it does not support power amplification. Wherein:

i. For example, if a downstream instruction is multicast or broadcast, a device that does not have power amplification may receive the instruction, and such a device will ignore the instruction.

Ii. For another example, the device originally supported the power amplification function, but was limited in that battery energy tended to be depleted and the device stopped using the power amplification function.

Example five:

The Device adjusts itself the power amplification value of the transmitted uplink signal (or equivalently, the power of the transmitted uplink signal). The following means may be included:

A. The Device may count the received ACK (or NACK, unacknowledged) duty cycle of the historically transmitted uplink signal, determine whether to apply more, less or maintain the original power amplification value, or not apply power amplification. For example, the device transmits an uplink signal to the network node 1 (UR 1), and the network node 1 (UR 1) transmits an ACK response to the device after correctly receiving the signal transmitted by the device. If the ACK ratio sent by the network node 1 (UR 1) to the device is 95% -100%, the device may reduce the power amplification value used for its uplink transmission to the network node 1, and if the ACK ratio is 90% -95%, the device may maintain the power amplification value used for its uplink transmission, and if the ACK ratio is less than 90%, the device may increase the power amplification value used for its uplink transmission. The numerical range may be protocol defined or network configured or terminal implemented by itself.

B. and adjusting according to whether ACK or NACK is received in the last uplink transmission. For example, if NACK is received last time, the power amplification value is increased, and if ACK is received N times consecutively, the power amplification value is decreased. The value of N may be protocol defined or network configured or terminal implemented by itself.

C. In A, B, the device may transmit uplink to a plurality of different network nodes (URs), and for different URs, the device may count the ACK/NACK cases respectively, and apply the ACK/NACK cases to uplink to different URs respectively.

D. Is adjusted according to the signal power of the received CW. If the CW signal power is low, the applied power amplification value is large. If the received CW signal power is high, the applied power amplification value is small or no power amplification is applied. For example, the device may compare the received signal power P _UR expected by the UR with the power P _r-CW of the CW received by the device, and determine the power amplification value that the device should apply when transmitting upstream to the UR based on the difference between the two. For example, when P _r-CW-P_UR > = threshold 1, the device uses a smaller power amplification value delta 1 or no transmit power amplification, when threshold 1>P _r-CW-P_UR > = threshold 2, the device uses a larger power amplification value delta 2, and when P _r-CW-P_UR < = threshold 2, the device uses a larger power amplification value delta 3.

The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods, for example, an apparatus is provided, where the apparatus includes a unit or a module for implementing each step performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. For another example, another apparatus is also proposed, which includes a unit or module configured to implement each step performed by a node device or a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network function node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

It should be understood that the division of each unit or module in the above apparatus is merely a division of a logic function, and may be fully or partially integrated into one physical entity or may be physically separated when actually implemented. Furthermore, units or modules in the apparatus may be implemented in the form of processor-invoked software: the device comprises, for example, a processor, the processor being connected to a memory, the memory having instructions stored therein, the processor invoking the instructions stored in the memory to perform any of the methods or to perform the functions of the units or modules of the device, wherein the processor is, for example, a general purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) or microprocessor, and the memory is internal to the device or external to the device. Or a unit or module in the apparatus may be implemented in the form of a hardware circuit, and the functions of some or all of the unit or module may be implemented by the design of the hardware circuit, where the hardware circuit may be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and the functions of some or all of the units or modules are implemented by designing a logic relationship of elements in the circuit; for another example, in another implementation, the hardware circuit may be implemented by a programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD), for example, a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGA), which may include a large number of logic gates, and the connection relationship between the logic gates is configured by a configuration file, so as to implement the functions of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device may be realized in the form of invoking software by a processor, or in the form of hardware circuits, or in part in the form of invoking software by a processor, and in the rest in the form of hardware circuits.

In the disclosed embodiments, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities, and in one implementation, the processor may be a circuit with instruction reading and running capabilities, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU) (which may be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DIGITAL SIGNAL processor, DSP), etc.; in another implementation, the processor may implement a function through a logic relationship of hardware circuits that are fixed or reconfigurable, such as a hardware circuit implemented as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD), such as an FPGA. In the reconfigurable hardware circuit, the processor loads the configuration document, and the process of implementing the configuration of the hardware circuit may be understood as a process of loading instructions by the processor to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence may be also be considered as an ASIC, such as a neural network Processing Unit (Neural Network Processing Unit, NPU), tensor Processing Unit (Tensor Processing Unit, TPU), deep learning Processing Unit (DEEP LEARNING Processing Unit, DPU), and the like.

Fig. 7a is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7a, the terminal 7100 may include: at least one of a transceiver module 7101, a processing module 7102, and the like. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7101 is configured to receive CW transmitted by the CWN. The processing module 7102 is configured to determine a transmission power of an uplink signal according to a parameter, where the uplink signal is obtained by a terminal through backscattering CW, and the terminal is an internet of things terminal that obtains energy from an environment.

Optionally, the transceiver module 7101 is configured to perform at least one of the communication steps of sending and/or receiving performed by the terminal 7100 in any of the above methods, which is not described herein. Optionally, the processing module 7102 is configured to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the terminal 7100 in any of the above methods, which is not described herein.

Fig. 7b is a schematic structural diagram of a CWN device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7b, the CWN device 7200 can include: at least one of the transceiver module 7201, the processing module 7202, and the like. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7201 is configured to send CW to a terminal, where the CW is used for backscattering by the terminal to obtain an uplink signal, and the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to a parameter, and the terminal is an internet of things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

Optionally, the transceiver module 7201 is configured to perform at least one of the communication steps of sending and/or receiving performed by the CWN device 7200 in any of the above methods, which is not described herein. Optionally, the processing module 7202 is configured to perform at least one of the other steps performed by the CWN device 7200 in any of the above methods, which is not described herein.

Fig. 7c is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7c, network device 7300 may include: at least one of a transceiver module 7301, a processing module 7302, and the like. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7301 sends indication information to the terminal, where the indication information includes parameters for determining uplink signal transmission power; the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering CW, and the terminal is an Internet of things terminal for obtaining energy from the environment.

Fig. 7d is a schematic structural diagram of a UR device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7d, UR device 7400 may include: at least one of a transceiver module 7401, a processing module 7402, and the like. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 7401 is configured to receive an uplink signal sent by a terminal, where the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW, and the sending power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to a parameter, and the terminal is an internet of things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and/or a receiving module, which may be separate or integrated. Alternatively, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with a transceiver.

In some embodiments, the processing module may be a single module or may include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the plurality of sub-modules perform all or part of the steps required to be performed by the processing module, respectively. Alternatively, the processing module may be interchanged with the processor.

Fig. 8a is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 8100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device 8100 may be a node device or a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., a user device, etc.), a chip system, a processor, etc. that supports the network device to implement any of the above methods, or a chip, a chip system, a processor, etc. that supports the terminal to implement any of the above methods. The communication device 8100 may be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiments, and reference may be made in particular to the description of the above method embodiments.

As shown in fig. 8a, communication device 8100 includes one or more processors 8101. The processor 8101 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, etc., and may be, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor may be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processor may be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process data for the programs. Optionally, the communication device 8100 is configured to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the one or more processors 8101 are configured to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods.

In some embodiments, communication device 8100 also includes one or more transceivers 8102. When the communication device 8100 includes one or more transceivers 8102, the transceiver 8102 performs at least one of the communication steps of transmitting and/or receiving, etc., in the above-described method, and the processor 8101 performs at least one of the other steps. In alternative embodiments, the transceiver may include a receiver and/or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Alternatively, terms such as transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver circuit, interface, etc. may be replaced with each other, terms such as transmitter, transmitter unit, transmitter circuit, etc. may be replaced with each other, and terms such as receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc. may be replaced with each other.

In some embodiments, communication device 8100 also includes one or more memories 8103 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of memory 8103 may be external to communication device 8100. In alternative embodiments, communication device 8100 may include one or more interface circuits 8104. Optionally, an interface circuit 8104 is coupled to the memory 8103, the interface circuit 8104 being operable to receive data from the memory 8103 or other device, and being operable to transmit data to the memory 8103 or other device. For example, the interface circuit 8104 may read data stored in the memory 8103 and transmit the data to the processor 8101.

The communication device 8100 in the above embodiment description may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 8100 described in the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 8100 may not be limited by fig. 8 a. The communication device may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: 1) A stand-alone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or a system-on-a-chip or subsystem; (2) A set of one or more ICs, optionally including storage means for storing data, programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a Modem (Modem); (4) modules that may be embedded within other devices; (5) A receiver, a terminal device, an intelligent terminal device, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handset, a mobile unit, a vehicle-mounted device, a network device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligent device, and the like; (8) others, and so on.

Fig. 8b is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 8200 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. For the case where the communication device 8100 may be a chip or a chip system, reference may be made to a schematic structural diagram of the chip 8200 shown in fig. 8b, but is not limited thereto.

The chip 8200 includes one or more processors 8201. The chip 8200 is used to perform any of the above methods.

In some embodiments, the chip 8200 further comprises one or more interface circuits 8202. Alternatively, the terms interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, etc. may be interchanged. In some embodiments, the chip 8200 further comprises one or more memories 8203 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of the memory 8203 may be external to the chip 8200. Optionally, an interface circuit 8202 is coupled to the memory 8203, the interface circuit 8202 may be used to receive data from the memory 8203 or other device, and the interface circuit 8202 may be used to transmit data to the memory 8203 or other device. For example, the interface circuit 8202 may read data stored in the memory 8203 and send the data to the processor 8201.

In some embodiments, the interface circuit 8202 performs at least one of the communication steps of sending and/or receiving in the above-described methods. The interface circuit 8202 performs the communication steps such as transmission and/or reception in the above-described method, for example, by: the interface circuit 8202 performs data interaction between the processor 8201, the chip 8200, the memory 8203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 8201 performs at least one of the other steps.

The modules and/or devices described in the embodiments of the virtual device, the physical device, the chip, etc. may be arbitrarily combined or separated according to circumstances. Alternatively, some or all of the steps may be performed cooperatively by a plurality of modules and/or devices, without limitation.

The present disclosure also proposes a storage medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed on a communication device 8100, cause the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium described above is a computer-readable storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and it may be a storage medium readable by other devices. Alternatively, the above-described storage medium may be a non-transitory (non-transitory) storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and it may also be a transitory storage medium.

The present disclosure also proposes a program product which, when executed by a communication device 8100, causes the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the above-described program product is a computer program product.

The present disclosure also proposes a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Industrial applicability

When the terminal receives the CW, the terminal can determine the corresponding uplink signal based on the backscattering, and determine the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the self-determined parameter or the parameter indicated by the network device, so that the terminal can use the proper transmission power to perform uplink transmission, thereby being beneficial to improving the success rate of uplink signal reception.

Claims

1. A method for determining transmit power, performed by a terminal, the method comprising:

Receive the continuous electromagnetic wave CW sent by the continuous electromagnetic wave node CWN;

The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined according to the parameters, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

Receiving indication information sent by a network device, wherein the indication information includes the parameter;

The parameter is a power gain value and/or a transmission power value indicated by the network device.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein determining the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameter comprises:

After receiving the indication information, the transmission power of the uplink signal in one or more uplink transmissions is determined according to the parameter.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein:

The parameter becomes invalid after the terminal receives new indication information.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein:

The indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to send the uplink signal, wherein the parameter is used for a scheduled uplink transmission.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein determining the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameter comprises:

Determining the transmit power of the uplink signal according to the parameter and the number of frequency domain units occupied by the uplink signal;

The parameter is a normalized value corresponding to a single frequency domain unit.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

Sending the uplink signal to an uplink receiver UR according to the transmit power;

Monitor the response information sent by the UR.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, in the multiple uplink signal transmissions of the terminal, the parameter corresponding to the Nth uplink signal transmission comprises one of the following:

Before the terminal sends the Nth uplink signal, the ratio of the number of the response information received to the number of the sent uplink signals;

The type of response information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal;

Wherein, N is an integer.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein:

The transmission power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the transmission power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time; or,

The power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is less than the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

The proportion of positive acknowledgment information is greater than a first threshold; or the type of acknowledgment information received by the terminal after sending the N-1th uplink signal is positive acknowledgment information and the terminal receives multiple positive acknowledgment information consecutively.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein:

The transmission power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the transmission power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time, or

The power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is greater than the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

The proportion of positive acknowledgment information is less than a first threshold; or the type of acknowledgment information received by the terminal after sending the uplink signal for the N-1th time is negative acknowledgment information.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein:

The transmission power of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is the same as the transmission power of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time, or the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent by the terminal for the Nth time is the same as the power amplification value of the uplink signal sent for the N-1th time;

The proportion of positive response information is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

12. The method according to claim 1 or 7, wherein:

The parameter is the receiving power of the terminal receiving the CW.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein determining the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the parameter comprises:

The transmit power of the uplink signal is determined according to the received power and the power amplification value of the CW, wherein:

The power amplification value is negatively correlated with the received power of the CW; or, the power amplification value is determined according to the relationship between the received power of the CW and a set power threshold.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein:

When the difference between the received power of the CW and the set power threshold is greater than or equal to the first value, the power amplification value is the first power amplification value;

When the difference is less than the first value and greater than or equal to the second value, the power amplification value is the second power amplification value;

When the difference is less than the second value, the power amplification value is a third power amplification value;

Among them, the third power amplification value>the second power amplification value>the first power amplification value, and the first value>the second value.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the set power threshold is the received power expected by the UR.

16. The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the power amplification value satisfies:

Power amplification value = set power threshold - CW received power + backscatter loss.

17. A method for determining transmission power, performed by a continuous electromagnetic wave node CWN, the method comprising:

A CW is sent to a terminal, where the CW is used by the terminal to perform backscattering to obtain an uplink signal. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to a parameter. The terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein:

The parameter is a power amplification value and/or a transmission power value indicated by the network device to the terminal.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein, in the multiple uplink signal transmissions of the terminal, the parameter corresponding to the Nth uplink signal transmission comprises one of the following:

Before the terminal sends the Nth uplink signal, the ratio of the number of response messages received to the number of uplink signals sent;

Wherein, N is an integer.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the parameter is a reception power of the terminal receiving the CW.

21. A method for determining transmission power, performed by a network device, the method comprising:

Send indication information to the terminal, the indication information including parameters for determining the uplink signal transmission power; wherein the parameters are the power amplification value and/or the transmission power value indicated by the network device, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein:

The parameter is applicable to determining the uplink signal transmission power in one or more uplink transmissions by the terminal after receiving the indication information.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein:

24. The method of claim 21, wherein:

The indication information is further used to schedule the terminal to send the uplink signal, wherein the parameter is used for the scheduled uplink transmission.

25. The method of claim 21, wherein:

26. A method for determining a transmission power, performed by an uplink receiver UR, the method comprising:

An uplink signal sent by a receiving terminal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters. The terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the method further comprises:

Send response information to the terminal.

28. A terminal, comprising:

A transceiver module, used for receiving the CW sent by the CWN;

A processing module is used to determine the transmission power of an uplink signal according to a parameter, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by a terminal by backscattering the CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

29. A CWN device, comprising:

The transceiver module is used to send CW to the terminal, and the CW is used by the terminal to perform backscattering to obtain an uplink signal. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters. The terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

30. A network device comprising:

A transceiver module, used to send indication information to the terminal, wherein the indication information includes a parameter for determining an uplink signal transmission power;

The parameter is a power amplification value and/or a transmission power value indicated by a network device, the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal through backscattering of CW, and the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

31. A UR device, comprising:

The transceiver module is used to receive an uplink signal sent by a terminal, wherein the uplink signal is obtained by the terminal by backscattering CW, and the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the terminal according to parameters. The terminal is an Internet of Things terminal that obtains energy from the environment.

32. A communication device, comprising:

one or more processors;

The communication device is used to execute the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16, any one of 17 to 20, any one of 21 to 25, or any one of 26 to 27.

33. A communication system, comprising a terminal, a CWN device, a network device and a UR device, wherein:

The terminal is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16;

The CWN device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 17 to 20;

The network device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 21 to 25;

The UR device is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 26 to 27.

34. A storage medium storing instructions, wherein:

When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, any one of 17 to 20, any one of 21 to 25, or any one of 26 to 27.

35. A program product, wherein

When the program product is executed by a communication device, the communication device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, any one of 17 to 20, any one of 21 to 25, or any one of 26 to 27.