CN118148497B - Pure mechanical rotary drilling tool and method suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling - Google Patents
Pure mechanical rotary drilling tool and method suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN118148497B CN118148497B CN202410429374.9A CN202410429374A CN118148497B CN 118148497 B CN118148497 B CN 118148497B CN 202410429374 A CN202410429374 A CN 202410429374A CN 118148497 B CN118148497 B CN 118148497B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
- E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种适于水平及水平分支钻进的纯机械旋导钻井工具及方法，属于钻井工具开发领域，包括依次连接的钻柱、偏重机构和单弯螺杆钻具，偏重机构包括连接轴承、偏重机构外壳和偏重块；钻柱与连接轴承内部连接，连接轴承外部与偏重机构外壳上端固定连接，连接轴承与偏重机构外壳连接处设置有密封圈；偏重机构下端与单弯螺杆钻具的定子固定连接，单弯螺杆钻具下端设有弯角，弯角始终保持偏向于井眼高边，用于平衡钻具自重所造成的井眼轨迹降斜趋势。本发明为纯机械装置，可靠性高，制造简单，可避免深层高温旋导系统电子元件失效问题并降低非常规油气水平井钻井成本；同时钻柱处于全旋转状态，解决了长水平段水平井钻井摩阻扭矩大的问题。
The present invention relates to a pure mechanical rotary guide drilling tool and method suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling, belonging to the field of drilling tool development, including a drill string, a weight-biasing mechanism and a single-bend screw drill tool connected in sequence, the weight-biasing mechanism including a connecting bearing, a weight-biasing mechanism housing and a weight block; the drill string is connected to the inside of the connecting bearing, the outside of the connecting bearing is fixedly connected to the upper end of the weight-biasing mechanism housing, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the connecting bearing and the weight-biasing mechanism housing; the lower end of the weight-biasing mechanism is fixedly connected to the stator of the single-bend screw drill tool, and the lower end of the single-bend screw drill tool is provided with a bend angle, which is always kept biased toward the high side of the wellbore, and is used to balance the downward inclination trend of the wellbore trajectory caused by the deadweight of the drill tool. The present invention is a pure mechanical device with high reliability and simple manufacturing. It can avoid the failure problem of electronic components of deep-layer high-temperature rotary guide systems and reduce the cost of drilling unconventional oil and gas horizontal wells; at the same time, the drill string is in a fully rotating state, which solves the problem of large friction torque in long horizontal section horizontal well drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pure mechanical rotary drilling tool and a method suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling, and belongs to the technical field of drilling tool development.
Background
Along with the increasing difficulty of oil and gas exploration and development, the steering drilling technology can adjust the drilling track section while drilling, thereby realizing the fine drilling monitoring and control, and having irreplaceable important roles in the exploration and development links of high-difficulty oil and gas reservoirs and complex broken-block oil and gas reservoirs. At present, the core technology of rotary guidance is still mastered abroad, only a very small part of the rotary guidance systems independently researched and developed in China pass the test and are applied to field operation, and the rotary guidance systems are basically domesticated by imitating the advanced rotary guidance systems abroad due to the fact that the core technology cannot be mastered.
The rotary guiding system mainly comprises a push-type rotary guiding system and a directional rotary guiding system, wherein the push-type rotary guiding system is used for guiding by giving a biasing force to the sleeve at a position close to the drill bit, the directional rotary guiding system is used for giving a biasing force to the mandrel at a certain position away from the drill bit so that an included angle is formed between the drill bit and the central line of the sleeve, and a mechanical structure capable of biasing the drill bit is arranged in the guiding tool, so that the drill bit drills in a preset direction.
Chinese patent document CN202011124111.5 includes an upper housing, a spindle, a lower housing, and a drill bit. The starting and stopping of the inner eccentric cylinder and the outer eccentric cylinder are respectively controlled through the jaw electromagnetic clutch, so that the drilling direction of a drill bit is changed, no extra device is needed for providing power during guiding, the damage to the well wall is small, and the good well quality can be ensured. However, because the internal control system is relatively complex, the probability of accident risk when the equipment operates downhole is increased.
Chinese patent document CN202211289084.6 discloses a fully mechanical rotary steering drilling tool, comprising a spindle, a bearing set, a lower bearing seat, a pushing piston, a piston seat, a lower torsion spring, an upper bearing seat, an upper spindle joint, a dislocation ring member, a shaft piston, an upper joint, a limiting ring, a filter ring, an upper spring, a bias block, an outer cylinder, an impeller, an upper disc valve and a lower disc valve. The drilling tool solves the problems of poor high temperature resistance, failure of the drilling tool caused by easy damage of electronic components and the like of the conventional rotary steering drilling tool, and can meet the drilling requirements of deep wells under high temperature and high pressure working conditions. But the cooperation between the disc valves is unstable, and there is a risk of failure of the downhole drilling tool when the system is in operation.
Through the analysis, the rotary guiding system developed in China at present is more biased to the integral optimization of the electromechanical control device, and the defects are mainly reflected in that the complex electromechanical device is easy to lose efficacy in the underground high-temperature and high-pressure environment, so that the production and development costs are high, and the service life of equipment is short. But each big oil field faces the difficulty of horizontal drilling of long horizontal section now, and the development of a set of rotatory direction drilling tool of low cost is with the urgent need of the long horizontal section horizontal well of each oil field of overcoming.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention provides a pure mechanical rotary guiding drilling tool and a method suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling, which are used for solving the problems of large friction torque, slow drilling speed or pressure supporting of the conventional long horizontal well drilling, and the invention has the advantages of no electronic element, simple manufacture, extremely low cost and convenient use, can effectively solve the problem of failure of the electronic element of a deep high-temperature rotary guiding system, and reduces the loss caused by burying an unconventional oil-gas horizontal well drilling rotary guiding system. The invention adds the weight bias mechanism, can ensure that the screw tool surface of the single-bend screw is stable while the drill string rotates, saves the manufacturing cost of the drilling tool, can be applied to drilling horizontal wells and branch wells of various oil fields, and has good application and popularization values and great market potential.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
On one hand, the invention provides a pure mechanical rotary-guiding drilling tool suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling, which comprises a drilling string, a biasing mechanism and a single-bending screw drilling tool, wherein the drilling string, the biasing mechanism and the single-bending screw drilling tool are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the biasing mechanism comprises a connecting bearing, a biasing mechanism shell and a biasing weight, the drilling string is connected with the inside of the connecting bearing, the outside of the connecting bearing is fixedly connected with the upper end of the biasing mechanism shell, a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the connecting bearing and the biasing mechanism shell, the lower end of the biasing mechanism is fixedly connected with a stator of the single-bending screw drilling tool, if welding or buckling is adopted, the lower end of the single-bending screw drilling tool is provided with a bent angle, and the bent angle always keeps biasing to the high side of a well hole and is used for balancing the declining trend of the well track caused by the dead weight of the drilling tool. Gravity stabilizing surface of unbalanced mechanism and screw tool surface of single-bending screw the included angle needs to be set to a relative angle according to different working modes when being connected.
Preferably, the cross section of the eccentric weight is bilaterally symmetrical and is in a sector structure, the eccentric weight and the eccentric weight mechanism shell are rigidly connected, the eccentric weight and the eccentric weight mechanism shell can be integrally processed by adopting rigid materials, or the two materials (the eccentric weight has larger specific gravity) are rigidly connected after being respectively processed, and a sector area where the eccentric weight is positioned can also be filled with high-density materials (such as lead) so that the eccentric weight and the eccentric weight mechanism shell are always kept relatively static when the gravity is dynamically balanced.
The center of the eccentric weight mechanism is of a tubular structure so as to ensure that drilling fluid flows through the drill string, the connecting bearing, the eccentric weight mechanism and the single-bending screw drilling tool to reach the drill bit.
Preferably, the connecting bearing is used for transmitting the axial force generated by the drill string, and the sealing ring is a sealing ring with common standard specification, such as an O-shaped sealing ring, an X-shaped sealing ring, a U-shaped sealing ring and the like.
Preferably, the angle of the lower end of the single-bending screw drilling tool, namely the included angle delta of the left and right section axes of the single-bending screw drilling tool, is preferably 1.5 degrees.
On the other hand, the invention provides a working method of the pure mechanical rotary drilling tool suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling, wherein the longitudinal section of the biasing mechanism is a gravity stabilizing surface alpha, the surfaces of the single-bending screw drilling tool and the bent angle are screw tool surfaces beta, the lower end of the biasing mechanism is fixedly connected with the stators of the single-bending screw drilling tool to ensure the consistency of the screw tool surfaces and the gravity stabilizing surfaces of the biasing mechanism, when the drilling tool is in a drilling working condition, the casing of the biasing mechanism and the biasing block keep radial relative static, the rotation of the drill stem drives the connecting bearing to rotate, so that forward (anticlockwise) torque is applied to the casing of the biasing mechanism, drilling fluid sequentially flows through the drill stem, the connecting bearing, the biasing mechanism and the single-bending screw drilling tool, the rotor and the drill bit of the single-bending screw drilling tool are driven to rotate, reverse torque is applied to the stators of the single-bending screw drilling tool, the bias mechanism casing applies forward torque to the casing of the biasing mechanism under the self-weight, and the self-weight of the single-bending screw drilling tool is kept under the combined action of the forward torque is kept under the self-weight stabilizing action of the casing of the single-bending screw drilling tool.
The main function of the eccentric weight is to increase the weight of the lower half part of the eccentric weight mechanism, so that the gravity center of the whole eccentric weight mechanism is positioned at a lower position, the lower part is heavier, the overall stability is improved, and the purpose of the eccentric weight is to give the eccentric weight mechanism a counterclockwise torque under the action of dead weight when the drill string rotates clockwise to generate a clockwise torque on a lower drilling tool assembly, so that the stability of a gravity stabilizing surface alpha where the eccentric weight mechanism is positioned is maintained.
The rotor and the stator of the single-bending screw drilling tool are both structures inside the single-bending screw drilling tool, and belong to the conventional structures.
In the prior art, when the long horizontal section is drilled horizontally, the borehole track always keeps the inclination reducing trend due to the influence of the dead weight of the drilling tool, the screw tool surface beta is kept in the high side direction when the long horizontal section is drilled horizontally, and the inclination increasing effect generated by the upward bending of the bent angle in the single-bending screw drilling tool and the inclination reducing effect generated by the dead weight of the screw are utilized to be balanced mutually, so that the well inclination can be kept to be 90 degrees in the horizontal well drilling process.
The main function of the single-bending screw drilling tool when drilling a long horizontal section horizontal well is to balance the inclination increasing function generated by the upward bending of the single-bending screw with the inclination decreasing function generated by the dead weight of the lower drilling tool assembly, the requirement on a curve well is not high, the single-bending screw drilling tool is usually small in bending angle, such as 1.5 degrees, and is suitable for relatively straight and low-requirement well holes in curve drilling.
Further preferably, under the horizontal branch drilling condition, the single-bending screw drilling tool is swung at different angles (the single-bending screw drilling tool is rigidly connected with the unbalanced mechanism, the screw tool surface of the single-bending screw drilling tool is kept stable under the comprehensive action of the torque of the unbalanced mechanism and the additional torque of the drill string and the drill bit), the included angle between the gravity stabilizing surface alpha and the screw tool surface beta is set to be theta, and when the theta is smaller than 90 degrees or larger than 270 degrees, the drilling presents the well track of the branch well.
The invention is not exhaustive and can be seen in the prior art.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention relates to a pure mechanical rotary-guiding drilling tool and a method suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling, which solve the problems of large drilling friction torque, slow drilling speed or pressure holding of a long horizontal section horizontal well; in addition, the invention belongs to a pure mechanical device, has simple manufacture, extremely low cost and high reliability, can avoid the problem of failure of electronic elements of a deep high-temperature rotary guiding system and reduce the high-volume loss caused by burying a traditional rotary guiding system for drilling an unconventional oil-gas horizontal well.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a purely mechanical rotary drilling tool of the present invention adapted for horizontal branch drilling;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the biasing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of drilling fluid in the offset weight mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a borehole trajectory generated by the weight of a drilling tool of the prior art;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the borehole trajectory produced by operation of the single bend screw drilling tool of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view of the drilling state when θ is less than 90 ° in accordance with the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a drilling state when θ is greater than 270 °;
FIG. 8 is a branch well imaging diagram of the present invention;
In the figure, the drilling tool comprises a 1-drill string, a 2-connecting bearing, a 3-sealing ring, a 4-eccentric weight mechanism shell, a 5-eccentric weight, a 6-connecting buckle, a stator of a 7-single-bending screw drilling tool, an 8-drill bit, a 9-drilling fluid flowing channel, a 10-drill bit rotating direction, a 11-drill string rotating moment generating direction, a 12-drill string rotating direction, a 13-integral device gravity direction, a 14-integral device movement track I, a 15-single-bending screw drilling tool maintaining the direction of the high side of the well hole, a 16-integral device movement track II, a 17-gravity stabilizing surface alpha and a 18-screw tool surface beta.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Various modifications and alterations of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art, and it is intended to cover all such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of this invention.
Example 1
A pure mechanical rotary drilling tool suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling is shown in figure 1, and comprises a drill string 1, a deflection mechanism and a single-bending screw drilling tool which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the deflection mechanism comprises a connecting bearing 2, a deflection mechanism shell 4 and a deflection block 5, the drill string 1 is connected with the inside of the connecting bearing 2, the outside of the connecting bearing 2 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the deflection mechanism shell 4, for example, through a connecting buckle 6, a sealing ring 3 is arranged at the joint of the connecting bearing 2 and the deflection mechanism shell, the lower end of the deflection mechanism is fixedly connected with a stator 7 of the single-bending screw drilling tool, and the lower end of the single-bending screw drilling tool is provided with a bent angle which is always deflected to the high side of a well hole and used for balancing the falling trend of a well track caused by the dead weight of the drilling tool. Gravity stabilizing surface of unbalanced mechanism and screw tool surface of single-bending screw the included angle needs to be set to a relative angle according to different working modes when being connected.
As shown in fig. 2, the cross section of the eccentric weight block 5 is symmetrical left and right and has a sector structure, the eccentric weight block 5 and the eccentric weight mechanism shell 4 are rigidly connected, the eccentric weight block and the eccentric weight mechanism shell can be integrally processed by adopting rigid materials, or the two materials (the eccentric weight block has larger specific gravity) are rigidly connected after being respectively processed, and a sector area where the eccentric weight block is positioned can also be filled with high-density materials (such as lead) so that the eccentric weight block and the eccentric weight mechanism shell are always kept relatively static when the gravity is dynamically balanced.
The center of the biasing mechanism is in a tubular structure so as to ensure that the drilling fluid flows through the drill string 1, the connecting bearing 2, the biasing mechanism and the single-bending screw drilling tool to reach the drill bit 8, such as the drilling fluid flow channel 9 in fig. 3.
The connecting bearing 2 is used for transmitting axial force generated by the drill string 1, and the sealing ring 3 is an O-shaped sealing ring.
The angle delta of the lower end of the single-bending screw drilling tool, namely the axis of the left section and the right section of the single-bending screw drilling tool, is preferably 1.5 degrees.
Example 2
In the working method of the pure mechanical rotary drilling tool suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling in the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 6, a local coordinate system is established by taking the center of the lower end of a biasing mechanism as an origin, the vertical direction is the Y-axis direction, the direction vertical to the Y-axis and the axial direction of a drill string is the X-axis direction, the longitudinal section of the biasing mechanism is a gravity stabilizing surface alpha 17, namely the plane of the Y-axis and the drill string, the plane of a single-bend screw drilling tool and a bent angle is a screw tool surface beta 18, and the lower end of the biasing mechanism is fixedly connected with a stator of the single-bend screw drilling tool so as to ensure the consistency of the screw tool surface and the gravity stabilizing surface of the biasing mechanism; when the drilling machine is in a drilling working condition, the eccentric weight mechanism shell and the eccentric weight block are kept relatively static in the radial direction, the connecting bearing 2 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the drill string 1, so that positive (anticlockwise) torque is applied to the eccentric weight mechanism shell 4, drilling fluid sequentially flows through the drill string 1, the connecting bearing 2, the eccentric weight mechanism and the single-bending screw drilling tool, a rotor of the single-bending screw drilling tool and the drill bit 8 are driven to rotate, drilling is achieved, reverse torque is applied to a stator of the single-bending screw drilling tool by breaking rock of the drill bit 8 and is conducted upwards to the eccentric weight mechanism shell 4, positive torque is applied to the eccentric weight 5 under the action of dead weight, and the positive torque applied to the eccentric weight mechanism shell, the reverse torque applied to the stator of the single-bending screw drilling tool and the positive torque applied to the eccentric weight mechanism shell under the action of dead weight are combined to keep the screw tool face beta stable.
In the embodiment, the drill string 1 and the weight-bias mechanism shell 4 are matched with the connecting bearing 2, the connecting bearing 2 disperses radial force generated by rotation of the drill string, the radial force generated by rotation of the drill string can be dispersed by rolling of the rolling element in the bearing by means of the inner structure of the connecting bearing, and under the combined action of the torque of the weight-bias mechanism and the additional torque of the drill string 1 and the drill bit 8, the weight-bias mechanism shell 4 and the weight-bias block 5 keep radial relative static, and based on the torque of the drill string 1 in the anticlockwise direction, the joint of the drill string 1 and the weight-bias mechanism is sealed by the sealing ring 3, so that drilling fluid is prevented from leaking outwards;
The main function of the eccentric weight 5 in the invention is to increase the weight of the lower half part of the eccentric weight mechanism, so that the gravity center of the whole eccentric weight mechanism is positioned at a lower position, the lower part is heavier, the overall stability is improved, and the purpose of the eccentric weight is to give the eccentric weight mechanism a counterclockwise torque under the action of dead weight when the drill string rotates clockwise to generate a clockwise torque on the lower drilling tool assembly, so as to keep the stability of a gravity stabilizing surface alpha where the eccentric weight mechanism is positioned.
The consistency of the screw tool surface and the stabilizing surface of the biasing mechanism is ensured by the fixed connection between the lower end of the biasing mechanism and the stator of the single-bending screw. When the drill string 1 rotates clockwise under the drilling working condition, as shown by the rotating direction 12 of the drill string in fig. 1, the drill string 1 drives the connecting bearing 2, a clockwise torque is applied to the eccentric mechanism shell 4, as shown by the rotating torque direction 11 of the drill string in fig. 1, the drilling fluid drives the screw rod to rotate, a torque is also applied to the stator 7 of the single-bending screw drilling tool through the counter torque of the drill bit 8, the eccentric weight of the eccentric mechanism also applies a torque to the eccentric mechanism shell 4 under the action of dead weight, and the combined action of the three torques keeps the tool face of the screw rod stable beta due to the fixed connection of the eccentric mechanism shell 4 and the stator 7 of the single-bending screw drilling tool. The bit rotational direction 10 of fig. 1, wherein both the rotor and stator of the single bend screw drilling tool are internal structures of the single bend screw drilling tool, are of conventional construction.
Example 3
In the prior art, when the horizontal drilling is performed in a long horizontal section, due to the influence of the dead weight of the drilling tool, as shown in the gravity direction 13 of the integral device in fig. 4, the borehole track always keeps the inclination trend, as shown in the movement track I14 of the integral device in fig. 4, when the horizontal drilling is performed in a long horizontal section, the screw tool surface beta is kept in the high side direction, and the inclination increasing effect caused by the upward bending of the bent angle in the single-bending screw drilling tool is utilized, as shown in the direction 15 of the high side of the borehole in the single-bending screw drilling tool in fig. 5, so that the borehole track inclination decreasing effect caused by the dead weight of the drilling tool is balanced, and the well inclination angle can be kept to be 90 degrees in the drilling process of the horizontal well, as shown in the movement track II 16 of the integral device in fig. 5.
The main function of the single-bending screw drilling tool when drilling a long horizontal section horizontal well is to balance the inclination increasing function generated by the upward bending of the single-bending screw with the inclination decreasing function generated by the dead weight of the lower drilling tool assembly, the requirement on a curve well is not high, the single-bending screw drilling tool is usually small in bending angle, such as 1.5 degrees, and is suitable for relatively straight and low-requirement well holes in curve drilling.
Example 4
A working method of a pure mechanical rotary drilling tool suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling is characterized in that under the horizontal branch drilling condition, a single-bending screw drilling tool is swung at different angles (the single-bending screw drilling tool is rigidly connected with a biasing mechanism, the screw tool surface of the single-bending screw drilling tool is kept stable under the comprehensive and action of the torque of the biasing mechanism and the additional torque of a drill string and a drill bit), the included angle between a gravity stabilizing surface alpha 17 and a screw tool surface beta 18 is set to be theta, and when the theta is smaller than 90 degrees or larger than 270 degrees, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the drilling presents the borehole track of a branch well, as shown in fig. 8.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A pure mechanical rotary drilling tool suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling is characterized by comprising a drill string, a biasing mechanism and a single-bending screw drilling tool which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the biasing mechanism comprises a connecting bearing, a biasing mechanism shell and a biasing block; the lower end of the deflection mechanism is fixedly connected with a stator of a single-bending screw drilling tool, and the lower end of the single-bending screw drilling tool is provided with a bent angle for balancing the borehole track declination trend caused by the dead weight of the drilling tool;
The cross section of the weight block is symmetrical left and right and is in a sector structure, the weight block is rigidly connected with the weight mechanism shell, and the weight block and the weight mechanism shell are kept relatively still all the time;
The center of the eccentric weight mechanism is of a tubular structure so as to ensure that drilling fluid passes through the drill string, the connecting bearing, the eccentric weight mechanism and the single-bending screw drilling tool to reach the drill bit;
The longitudinal section of the deflection mechanism is a gravity stabilizing surface alpha, the surface where the single-bending screw drilling tool and the bent angle are positioned is a screw tool surface beta, and the lower end of the deflection mechanism is fixedly connected with the stator of the single-bending screw drilling tool so as to ensure the consistency of the screw tool surface and the gravity stabilizing surface of the deflection mechanism; when the drilling machine is in a drilling working condition, the eccentric weight mechanism shell and the eccentric weight block are kept relatively static in the radial direction, the rotation of the drill string drives the connecting bearing to rotate, so that forward torque is applied to the eccentric weight mechanism shell, drilling fluid sequentially flows through the drill string, the connecting bearing, the eccentric weight mechanism and the single-bending screw drilling tool, the rotor and the drill bit of the single-bending screw drilling tool are driven to rotate, so that drilling is realized, and rock breaking of the drill bit can apply reverse torque to the stator of the single-bending screw drilling tool and be conducted upwards to the eccentric weight mechanism shell;
Under the condition of long horizontal section drilling, the tool face beta of the screw rod is kept in the high side direction, and the inclination increasing effect generated by upward bending of a bent angle in a single-bending screw rod drilling tool and the inclination decreasing effect generated by the dead weight of the screw rod are balanced, so that the well inclination angle is always kept to be 90 degrees.
2. A pure mechanical rotary drilling tool for horizontal and lateral drilling according to claim 1, wherein the connecting bearing is adapted to transmit axial forces generated by the drill string, and the sealing ring is an O-ring, an X-ring or a U-ring.
3. The pure mechanical rotary drilling tool of claim 2 adapted for horizontal and lateral drilling wherein the single bend screw drilling tool is oscillated at different angles under lateral drilling conditions, and wherein the angle between the gravitational stabilizing surface α and the screw tool surface β is set to be θ, and wherein the drilling exhibits a borehole trajectory for the lateral well when θ is less than 90 ° or greater than 270 °.
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| CN202410429374.9A CN118148497B (en) | 2024-04-10 | 2024-04-10 | Pure mechanical rotary drilling tool and method suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling |
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| CN202410429374.9A CN118148497B (en) | 2024-04-10 | 2024-04-10 | Pure mechanical rotary drilling tool and method suitable for horizontal and horizontal branch drilling |
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| CN118148497B true CN118148497B (en) | 2025-03-07 |
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| CN113622822B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2024-07-09 | 大连华科机械有限公司 | A dynamic push-to-pull weight correction vertical drilling tool |
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| 基于偏重原理的旋转导向钻井系统控制机构的设计与计算;韩田兴;中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库;20151231;第29-34页 * |
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