CN118147704A - Safety protection method, device and system for hydrogen production electrolyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application provides a safety protection method, device and system for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. Through the safety protection method provided by the present application, multiple first detection values of first variables used to measure the safety status of the operating environment inside and outside the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer can be obtained. After all first detection values meet the safe operation conditions, the power supply of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer will be turned on, avoiding the potential safety hazards of the internal and external operating environments in advance, and improving the safety of the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. After the power is turned on, multiple second variables used to measure the operating status of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer will also be monitored to obtain the second detection values of the multiple second variables. Then, according to the obtained second detection values of the multiple second variables, the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer is regulated. When there are safety hazards, the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer is protected in time, making the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer safer and extending the service life of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer.

Description

Safety protection method, device and system for hydrogen production electrolyzer

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and in particular to a safety protection method, device and system for a hydrogen production electrolytic cell.

Background technique

Water electrolysis hydrogen production technology refers to the technology of electrolyzing water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen through electrochemical reaction under the action of direct current, and hydrogen and oxygen are precipitated at the cathode and anode respectively. Depending on the electrolyte used, water electrolysis hydrogen production technology can include alkaline (ALK) water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis hydrogen production technology and solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) water electrolysis hydrogen production technology. Among them, PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology has the advantages of high current density, high hydrogen purity and fast response speed, making it more and more popular.

In the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, the PEM hydrogen production system is usually used for hydrogen production. The PEM hydrogen production system is mainly composed of a hydrogen production electrolyzer and an auxiliary system. Among them, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is the most core component of the PEM hydrogen production system and the main place where the electrolysis reaction occurs. The damage of the hydrogen production electrolyzer not only affects the service life of the hydrogen production electrolyzer and increases the equipment cost, but also affects the production capacity of hydrogen. Therefore, it is very important to promptly discover the safety hazards of the hydrogen production electrolyzer and protect the hydrogen production electrolyzer in a timely manner.

Based on this, how to timely discover the safety hazards of hydrogen production electrolyzers and protect them in time has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problem of how to promptly discover the safety hazards of a hydrogen production electrolyzer and protect the hydrogen production electrolyzer in a timely manner, the present application provides a safety protection method, device and system for a hydrogen production electrolyzer.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a safety protection method for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer, the method comprising: obtaining first detection values of multiple first variables respectively; the multiple first variables are used to measure the safety status of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; if all the first detection values meet the safe operating conditions, turning on the power supply; the power supply is used to power the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; obtaining second detection values of multiple second variables respectively; the multiple second variables are used to measure the operating status of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; based on all the second detection values, operating and regulating the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer to safely protect the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a safety protection device for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer, the device comprising: a first acquisition module, used to respectively acquire first detection values of multiple first variables; the multiple first variables are used to measure the safety status of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; a first control module, used to turn on the power supply if all the first detection values meet the safe operating conditions; the power supply is used to power the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; a second acquisition module, used to respectively acquire second detection values of multiple second variables; the multiple second variables are used to measure the operating status of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; a second control module, used to perform operation regulation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer based on all the second detection values, so as to provide safety protection for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a safety protection system for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer, the system comprising: a plurality of first detection devices, for obtaining first detection values of a plurality of first variables; the plurality of first variables are used to measure the safety status of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; a controller, for turning on the power supply if all the first detection values meet the safe operating conditions; the power supply is used to supply power to the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; a plurality of second detection devices, for obtaining second detection values of a plurality of second variables; the plurality of second variables are used to measure the operating status of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; the controller is also used to regulate and control the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer based on all the second detection values to provide safety protection for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a hydrogen production system, which includes a hydrogen production electrolyzer and the safety protection system for the hydrogen production electrolyzer of the third aspect.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method of the first aspect described above is implemented.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method of the first aspect described above is implemented.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes: a computer program or instructions, which, when the computer program or instructions are executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the method described in the first aspect.

The embodiments of the present application provide a safety protection method, device and system for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. Through the method provided in the present application, multiple first detection values of first variables used to measure the safety status of the operating environment inside and outside the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer can be obtained. The power supply of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer will be turned on only after all first detection values meet the safe operating conditions. After the power is turned on, multiple second variables used to measure the operating status of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer are also monitored to obtain second detection values of multiple second variables. Then, according to the obtained second detection values of the multiple second variables, the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer is regulated to achieve safety protection of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer.

That is to say, the above method provided by the present application takes into account the safety of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer at the same time. The power supply will be turned on only when the internal and external operating environment are safe, thus avoiding the potential safety hazards of the internal and external operating environment in advance and improving the safety of the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. In addition, during the operation, the safety status of the internal and external environment is also monitored. When there are potential safety hazards, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is protected in a timely manner, making the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer safer and extending the service life of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of a safety protection method for a hydrogen production electrolyzer provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG4 is a structural block diagram of a safety protection device for a hydrogen production electrolyzer provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG5 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The present application is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the characteristics and advantages of the present application will become clearer and more specific.

The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise noted.

In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

To facilitate understanding, the application scenarios of the technical solutions provided in this application are first described below.

Water electrolysis hydrogen production technology refers to the technology of electrolyzing water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen through electrochemical reaction under the action of direct current, and hydrogen and oxygen are precipitated at the cathode and anode respectively. Depending on the electrolyte used, water electrolysis hydrogen production technology can include ALK water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology and SOEC water electrolysis hydrogen production technology. Among them, PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology has the advantages of high current density, high hydrogen purity and fast response speed, making it more and more popular.

In the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, a PEM hydrogen production system is usually used for hydrogen production. The PEM hydrogen production system is mainly composed of a hydrogen production electrolyzer and an auxiliary system. Among them, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is the most core component of the PEM hydrogen production system and the main place where the electrolysis reaction occurs. The hydrogen production electrolyzer may include components such as a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst, a gas diffusion layer, and a bipolar plate. It should be understood that the hydrogen production electrolyzer may also include other components, which are not listed here one by one.

During the hydrogen production process, the hydrogen electrolyzer may be damaged due to various factors. The damage of the hydrogen electrolyzer not only affects the service life of the hydrogen electrolyzer and increases the equipment cost, but also affects the production capacity of hydrogen. Therefore, it is very important to promptly discover the safety hazards of the hydrogen electrolyzer and protect it in time.

The inventors found in actual application and research that the state changes of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer will affect the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. In addition, the operating state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer will continue to change during the hydrogen production operation. By studying the changes in the operating state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the safety state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer can be understood, and then corresponding operating adjustments can be made to keep the hydrogen production electrolyzer in a safe operating state, which can not only extend the service life of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, but also increase the production capacity of hydrogen.

Based on this, in order to be able to promptly discover the potential safety hazards of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer, the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer can be adjusted in a timely manner to achieve safety protection for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. The present application provides a safety protection method, device and system for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. The safety protection method provided in the present application takes into account the safety of the internal and external operating environments of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. The power supply will be turned on only when the internal and external operating environments are safe, thereby avoiding the potential safety hazards of the internal and external operating environments in advance and improving the safety of the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. In addition, during the operation process, the safety status of the internal and external environments is also monitored. When there are potential safety hazards, the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer is protected in a timely manner, making the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer safer and extending the service life of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer.

The safety protection method for a hydrogen production electrolyzer provided in the present application can be applied to the hydrogen production system provided in the present application. Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen production system provided in the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the hydrogen production system may include: a hydrogen production electrolyzer 100, a controller 200, a plurality of sensors 300, a power supply 400, a voltage patrol meter 500, and a temperature patrol meter 600. It should be understood that the hydrogen production system may also include other equipment, such as an industrial computer 700 and a remote terminal 800. This application does not limit this.

The multiple sensors 300 are respectively used to detect different variables of the hydrogen production electrolyzer 100 to obtain the detection values of the corresponding variables. For example, the multiple sensors 300 may include at least one flow sensor, at least one temperature sensor, at least one pressure sensor, at least one concentration sensor, etc. It should be understood that more or fewer sensors than those listed above may be included, and the present application does not limit this.

The power supply 400 is used to supply power to the hydrogen production electrolyzer 100. The voltage inspection instrument 500 is used to detect the voltage of each electrolysis chamber of the hydrogen production electrolyzer 100 to obtain the detection value of the voltage of the corresponding electrolysis chamber. The temperature inspection instrument 600 is used to detect the plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber to obtain the detection value of the corresponding plate temperature, and the plate temperature refers to the temperature of the plate of the electrolysis chamber.

Each sensor 300, power supply 400, voltage patrol meter 500 and temperature patrol meter 600 are connected to the controller 200. Optionally, the communication connection can be a wired connection or a wireless connection. Exemplarily, the communication connection can be achieved through hard wiring or modbus communication.

The controller 200 can obtain the detected values obtained from each sensor 300, obtain the detected values of the voltage of each electrolysis chamber from the voltage patrol meter 500, and obtain the detected values of the plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber from the temperature patrol meter 600. In addition, the controller 200 can also control the start and stop of the power supply 400, and regulate the operation of the hydrogen production electrolysis cell 100 to provide safety protection for the hydrogen production electrolysis cell 100. For details, please refer to the contents of the subsequent embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

Optionally, the controller 200 may be connected to the industrial computer 700 via Ethernet and an Ethernet switch. In this way, a human-computer interaction interface may be provided for management personnel, so that management personnel may monitor the operating status of the hydrogen production electrolyzer 100 via the industrial computer 700, and control the hydrogen production electrolyzer 100 via the industrial computer 700.

Optionally, the controller 200 can also be connected to the remote terminal 800 through Ethernet and communication equipment. In this case, the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer 100 can also be remotely controlled through an application (APP) or browser set in the remote terminal 800. In addition, the controller 200 can also be connected to a cloud server, and the detection values of various variables of the hydrogen production electrolyzer 100 obtained by the controller are stored in the cloud server. In this case, the remote terminal 800 can also obtain relevant detection values from the cloud server, thereby realizing remote control of the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer 100.

Exemplarily, the connection relationship between multiple sensors, power supplies, voltage patrol meters, temperature patrol meters and hydrogen production electrolyzers can be seen in FIG2 .

As shown in FIG2 , a first flow sensor FT01, a second flow sensor FT02, a first temperature sensor TT01, and a first pressure sensor PT01 may be provided at different locations of the water inlet pipeline of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. A second temperature sensor TT02 and a second pressure sensor PT02 are provided on the anode exhaust pipeline. A third temperature sensor TT03 and a third pressure sensor PT03 are provided on the cathode exhaust pipeline. A first concentration sensor AT01 is provided on the oxygen delivery pipeline. A second concentration sensor AT02 is provided on the hydrogen delivery pipeline.

The power supply is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the hydrogen production electrolyzer to provide direct current to the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The positive and negative electrodes of the voltage patrol meter are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of each electrolysis chamber to detect the voltage of each electrolysis chamber and obtain the corresponding voltage detection value. The temperature patrol meter is set at a position close to the electrode plate of each electrolysis chamber to detect the electrode plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber and obtain the corresponding electrode plate temperature detection value.

Among them, the first flow sensor FT01 and the second flow sensor FT02 are used to detect the first water inlet flow rate and the second water inlet flow rate of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, respectively. The first water inlet flow rate and the second water inlet flow rate are respectively the water flow rates at different positions of the water inlet of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The first temperature sensor TT01 is used to detect the water inlet temperature of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The first pressure sensor PT01 is used to detect the water inlet pressure of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The second temperature sensor TT02 and the second pressure sensor PT02 are used to detect the anode outlet temperature and the oxygen pressure, respectively. The third temperature sensor TT03 and the third pressure sensor PT03 are used to detect the cathode outlet temperature and the hydrogen pressure, respectively. The first concentration sensor AT01 and the second concentration sensor AT02 are used to detect the hydrogen concentration in oxygen and the oxygen concentration in hydrogen, respectively.

It should be noted that the above summarizes the role or function of each device in the hydrogen production system. The role or function of each device in the above hydrogen production system can also be referred to the contents of subsequent embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

The following is a description of an embodiment of the safety protection method for a hydrogen production electrolyzer provided in the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

See Figure 3, which is a schematic flow diagram of a safety protection method for a hydrogen production electrolyzer provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to terminal equipment, servers, industrial computers, controllers, etc. The following takes the controller as an example to illustrate the safety protection method for a hydrogen production electrolyzer provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the method may include the following steps:

Step S101, respectively obtain first detection values of a plurality of first variables.

The multiple first variables are used to measure the safety status of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The internal and external operating environment includes the operating environment outside the hydrogen production electrolyzer and the operating environment inside the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

The inventors have found in practical applications and research that the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is closely related to the safety of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. In order to ensure the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, extend the service life of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and reduce equipment costs, in the method provided by this application, the power supply is turned on only when the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is guaranteed to be safe, thereby starting the hydrogen production electrolyzer to produce hydrogen. Based on this, before turning on the power supply, the controller first obtains the first detection values of multiple first variables, and determines whether the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is in a safe state through the first detection values of multiple first variables.

Optionally, the plurality of first variables may include: a first water inlet flow rate, a second water inlet flow rate, a water inlet temperature, a water inlet pressure, anode outlet temperature, oxygen pressure, cathode outlet temperature, hydrogen pressure, oxygen concentration in hydrogen, and hydrogen concentration in oxygen. It should be understood that in order to improve the safety level of the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the plurality of first variables may also include more variables than the aforementioned.

In combination with the above content, it can be known that each first variable can be detected by a sensor, a voltage patrol meter, and a temperature patrol meter (such as the sensor, voltage patrol meter, and temperature patrol meter shown in Figures 1 and 2) disposed in the hydrogen production electrolyzer to obtain a first detection value of each first variable. Afterwards, the controller can obtain the first detection value of each first variable from the sensor, the voltage patrol meter, and the temperature patrol meter.

Step S102: If all first detection values meet the safe operation conditions, turn on the power.

The power source is used to supply power to the hydrogen production electrolyzer. For example, the power source and the hydrogen production electrolyzer may be the power source and the hydrogen production electrolyzer shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .

Optionally, all first detection values satisfy the safe operation condition, which may include:

The first detection values of the first water inlet flow rate and the second water inlet flow rate are both greater than the preset flow rate lower limit;

The first detected value of the inlet water temperature is less than the preset water temperature upper limit;

The first detection value of the water inlet pressure is greater than the preset water pressure lower limit;

The first detected value of the anode outlet temperature is less than a preset anode outlet temperature upper limit;

The first detected value of the oxygen pressure is less than a preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure;

The first detected value of the cathode outlet temperature is less than a preset cathode outlet temperature upper limit;

The first detected value of the hydrogen pressure is less than a preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure;

The first detected value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen is less than the preset upper limit of the oxygen concentration;

The first detected value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen is less than a preset upper limit of the hydrogen concentration.

Among them, the preset flow rate lower limit is used to characterize the minimum value of the water flow rate entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The value of the water flow rate entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer is greater than the preset flow rate lower limit to meet the water inlet demand of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The preset water temperature upper limit is used to characterize the maximum value of the water temperature entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The value of the water temperature entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer must be less than the preset water temperature upper limit, and the hydrogen production electrolyzer can operate safely. The preset water pressure lower limit is used to characterize the minimum value of the water pressure entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The value of the water pressure entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer must be greater than the preset water pressure lower limit to meet the water inlet demand of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The preset anode outlet temperature upper limit is used to characterize the maximum value of the anode outlet temperature of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The value of the anode outlet temperature must be less than the preset anode outlet temperature upper limit, and the temperature inside the hydrogen production electrolyzer can be in a relatively safe state. The preset oxygen pressure upper limit is used to characterize the maximum value of the oxygen pressure of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The value of the oxygen pressure must be less than the preset oxygen pressure upper limit, and the oxygen pressure of the hydrogen production electrolyzer can be in a safe state. The preset cathode outlet temperature upper limit is used to characterize the maximum value of the cathode outlet temperature of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The cathode outlet temperature must be less than the preset cathode outlet temperature upper limit so that the temperature inside the hydrogen production electrolyzer can be in a relatively safe state. The preset hydrogen pressure upper limit is used to characterize the maximum value of the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The hydrogen pressure must be less than the preset hydrogen pressure upper limit so that the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen production electrolyzer can be in a safe state. The preset oxygen concentration upper limit is used to characterize the maximum value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen output by the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The oxygen concentration in the hydrogen output by the hydrogen production electrolyzer must be less than the preset oxygen concentration upper limit to ensure the safety of the internal environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The preset hydrogen concentration upper limit is used to characterize the maximum value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen output by the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The hydrogen concentration in the oxygen output by the hydrogen production electrolyzer must be less than the preset hydrogen concentration upper limit to ensure the safety of the internal environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

The preset flow lower limit, preset water temperature upper limit, preset water pressure lower limit, preset anode outlet temperature upper limit, preset oxygen pressure upper limit, preset cathode outlet temperature upper limit, preset hydrogen pressure upper limit, preset oxygen concentration upper limit, and preset hydrogen concentration upper limit can all be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario.

After the controller obtains the first detection values of the above-mentioned multiple first variables, if all the first detection values meet the above-mentioned safe operation conditions, it means that the current internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is in a safe state, and the power supply can be turned on to start the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and the controller will turn on the power supply. After the power supply is turned on, the hydrogen production electrolyzer operates to produce hydrogen.

It should be understood that when the first detection value of any one of the above-mentioned first variables does not meet the above-mentioned safe operating conditions, the controller will not turn on the power, but re-execute step S101 and subsequent steps, that is, re-acquire the first detection values of the above-mentioned multiple first variables until the first detection values of the above-mentioned multiple first variables obtained all meet the above-mentioned safe operating conditions, and then turn on the power.

Step S103, respectively obtain second detection values of multiple second variables.

Among them, multiple second variables are used to measure the operating status of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

After the power is turned on, the operating state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer may change during operation. The change in the operating state may affect the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer and even damage the hydrogen production electrolyzer. In order to protect the hydrogen production electrolyzer and extend the service life of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, in the method provided by the present application, after the power is turned on, the second detection values of multiple second variables are obtained, so as to evaluate the safety of the operating state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and in the event of an impact on the safety of the electrolyzer, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is protected as appropriate.

The inventors have found in practical applications and research that the water flow rate (i.e., water inlet flow rate) entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer is an important variable (or parameter) for evaluating the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer operation. A low water inlet flow rate may cause the temperature in the hydrogen production electrolyzer to rise, thereby causing overheating and damage to the diaphragm, and may even cause hydrogen and oxygen to mix to form explosive gases, resulting in explosions or fires. If the hydrogen production electrolyzer operates in an environment with a high water inlet flow rate for a long time, the performance of the hydrogen production electrolyzer may be attenuated. In addition, the water inlet pressure may affect the level of the water inlet flow rate.

Based on this, the plurality of second variables may include a first water inlet flow rate, a second water inlet flow rate and a water inlet pressure.

The inventors also found that the temperature of the water entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer, that is, the water inlet temperature, is also an important variable for evaluating the safety of the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. If the water inlet temperature is too high, the diaphragm of the hydrogen production electrolyzer may be overheated and damaged. If the water inlet temperature is too low, the hydrogen production efficiency of the hydrogen production electrolyzer may decrease. In addition, if the difference between the outlet temperature of the hydrogen production electrolyzer and the water inlet temperature is large, the temperature inside the hydrogen production electrolyzer may be high, which may cause the diaphragm of the hydrogen production electrolyzer to be overheated and damaged. Optionally, the outlet temperature may be the anode outlet temperature or the cathode outlet temperature.

Therefore, the plurality of second variables may further include the anode outlet temperature or the cathode outlet temperature, and the inlet water temperature.

The inventors also found that when the pressure on the anode side of the hydrogen production electrolyzer (or oxygen pressure) is high, the electrolyzer seal or pipeline overpressure may be damaged, causing oxygen to leak into the external environment, causing fire or explosion. It may also cause the diaphragm of the hydrogen production electrolyzer to be damaged by overpressure, causing oxygen to leak to the cathode, causing hydrogen and oxygen mixing, which also poses a risk of fire or explosion.

Similarly, when the pressure on the cathode side of the hydrogen production electrolyzer (or hydrogen pressure) is high, the electrolyzer seal or pipeline overpressure may be damaged, causing hydrogen to leak into the external environment, posing a risk of fire or explosion. It may also cause the diaphragm of the hydrogen production electrolyzer to be damaged by overpressure, causing hydrogen to leak to the anode, causing hydrogen and oxygen mixing, which also poses a risk of fire or explosion.

Based on this, the plurality of second variables may further include oxygen pressure and/or hydrogen pressure.

The inventors also found that if the oxygen output from the oxygen delivery pipeline contains a high concentration of hydrogen, hydrogen and oxygen may mix, posing a risk of fire or explosion. Similarly, if the hydrogen output from the hydrogen delivery pipeline contains a high concentration of oxygen, hydrogen and oxygen may mix, also posing a risk of fire or explosion.

Based on this, the plurality of second variables may further include the concentration of hydrogen in oxygen and the concentration of oxygen in hydrogen.

The inventors also found that the voltage of the electrolytic chamber of the hydrogen production electrolyzer can be determined by the following formula U=E0+I*R0+E. Among them, U represents the voltage of the electrolytic chamber, E0 represents the theoretical voltage, I*R0 represents the ohmic voltage drop of the electrolytic cell, and E represents the overpotential, E=cathode overpotential+anode overpotential+concentration difference. It can be seen that whether the voltage of the electrolytic chamber is normal or not can directly reflect the working state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the performance of the diaphragm, and the activity state of the anode and cathode of the electrolytic chamber. The performance of the electrolytic cell can be evaluated by the voltage of the electrolytic chamber.

In addition, if the voltage in the electrolysis chamber is too high, it may cause the plate to break down and generate sparks, burn the plate, and cause hydrogen and oxygen to mix, causing explosion or fire. If the voltage in the electrolysis chamber is too low, there may be a short circuit problem, which may also cause sparks, leading to fire or explosion.

Therefore, the plurality of second variables may also include the voltage of each electrolysis chamber of the hydrogen production electrolysis cell.

The inventors also found that if the plate temperature of the electrolytic cell is too high, the diaphragm of the electrolytic cell may be overheated and damaged. If the plate temperature is too low, the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic cell may be reduced.

Therefore, the plurality of second variables may also include the plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber of the hydrogen production electrolysis cell.

It should be understood that the plurality of second variables may also include other more variables, and this application does not limit this.

In combination with the above content, it can be known that the second detection values of the plurality of second variables can be obtained by detecting the sensors, voltage patrol meters and temperature patrol meters arranged in the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The controller can collect the second detection values of the plurality of second variables from the sensors, voltage patrol meters and temperature patrol meters.

It should be noted that after the power is turned on, the acquisition time of the second detection value of each second variable may be different. Optionally, after the power is turned on, the second detection value of each second variable may be periodically acquired. Optionally, the acquisition period of the second detection value of each second variable may also be different. All are set according to the needs of the actual application scenario.

Step S104: Based on all the second detection values, the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is regulated to provide safety protection for the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

In a possible implementation, based on all the second detection values, operating and regulating the hydrogen production electrolyzer may include:

Determine a second detection value of a target water inlet flow rate and a second detection value of a flow difference; the target water inlet flow rate is the first water inlet flow rate or the second water inlet flow rate; the second detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is the second detection value of the first water inlet flow rate or the second detection value of the second water inlet flow rate; the second detection value of the flow difference is the absolute value of the difference between the second detection value of the first water inlet flow rate and the second detection value of the second water inlet flow rate;

If the deviation between the second detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate is greater than the first preset deviation threshold, the motor speed of the circulating pump is adjusted through the first negative feedback adjustment method, such as the first PID (proportional integral differential) adjustment method, so that the deviation between the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate is less than or equal to the first preset deviation threshold. Wherein, the circulating pump is used to supply water to the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The preset standard flow rate is the optimal value of the water inlet flow rate of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, which can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. The deviation between the second detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate is the absolute value of the difference between the second detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate. The first preset deviation threshold can also be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. If the deviation between the second detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate is less than or equal to the first preset deviation threshold, it means that the water inlet flow rate of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is within a more appropriate range.

If the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is still less than the preset standard flow rate and the deviation between the two is greater than the first preset deviation threshold after the continuous adjustment time by the first negative feedback adjustment method exceeds the first preset time, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded by the first load reduction method; and if the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is reduced to the preset dangerous flow rate, or after the second preset time period from the start of load reduction by the first load reduction method, the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is still less than the preset standard flow rate and the deviation between the two is greater than the first preset deviation threshold, the power supply is shut down. Among them, the preset dangerous flow rate is less than the preset flow lower limit, which can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. If the value of the water inlet flow rate of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is less than or equal to the preset dangerous flow rate, the electrolyzer is at great risk. The first preset time and the second preset time can also be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. The hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded by the first load reduction method, and when the load is reduced to the lower limit of the output power, the load reduction is stopped, and the second preset time is greater than or equal to the time from the start of load reduction by the first load reduction method to the stop of load reduction. It should be understood that during the load shedding process, if the deviation between the actual detected value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate is less than or equal to the first preset deviation threshold, the load shedding is stopped.

If the second detection value of the flow difference is greater than the preset flow difference threshold, the power supply is turned off. The preset flow difference threshold can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. When the flow difference value is greater than the preset flow difference threshold, it means that the two sensors used to detect the water inlet flow rate have failed. In order to ensure the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the power supply needs to be turned off, thereby shutting down the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

If the second detected value of the water inlet pressure is less than the preset dangerous water pressure, the power supply is turned off. Among them, the preset dangerous water pressure is less than the preset water pressure lower limit, which can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. When the value of the water inlet pressure is less than the preset dangerous water pressure, it means that the water inlet pressure is not enough to ensure the minimum water inlet flow requirement of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and there is a great safety hazard in the hydrogen production electrolyzer. In order to ensure the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, it is necessary to turn off the power supply, thereby shutting down the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

In a possible implementation, based on all the second detection values, operating and regulating the hydrogen production electrolyzer may further include:

Determine a second detection value of a first temperature difference; the first temperature difference is the temperature difference between the outlet temperature and the inlet water temperature. The outlet temperature is the anode outlet temperature or the cathode outlet temperature.

If the deviation between the second detection value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature is greater than the second preset deviation threshold, the flow rate of cooling water in the heat exchanger is adjusted by a second negative feedback adjustment method, such as a second PID adjustment method, so that the deviation between the actual detection value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature is less than or equal to the second preset deviation threshold. Wherein, the heat exchanger is used to adjust the temperature of water entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The preset standard inlet water temperature is the optimal value of the inlet water temperature of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, which can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. The deviation between the second detection value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature is the absolute value of the difference between the second detection value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature. The second preset deviation threshold can also be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. If the deviation between the second detection value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature is less than or equal to the second preset deviation threshold, it means that the inlet water temperature of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is within a more appropriate range.

If the actual detection value of the inlet water temperature is still greater than the preset water temperature upper limit after the duration of adjustment by the second negative feedback adjustment method exceeds the third preset time, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded by the second load reduction method; and if the actual detection value of the inlet water temperature rises to the preset dangerous water temperature, or after the fourth preset time from the start of load reduction by the second load reduction method, the actual detection value of the inlet water temperature is still greater than the preset water temperature upper limit, the power supply is shut down. Among them, the preset dangerous water temperature is greater than the preset water temperature upper limit, which can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. If the value of the inlet water temperature of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is greater than the preset dangerous water temperature, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is at great risk. The third preset time and the fourth preset time can also be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. The hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded by the second load reduction method, and the load reduction is stopped when the load is reduced to the lower limit of the output power. The fourth preset time is greater than or equal to the time from the start of load reduction by the second load reduction method to the stop of load reduction. It should be understood that during the load shedding process, if the deviation between the actual detected value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature is less than or equal to the second preset deviation threshold, the load shedding is stopped.

If the second detection value of the first temperature difference is greater than the preset standard temperature difference, the motor speed of the circulation pump is increased so that the actual detection value of the first temperature difference is less than or equal to the preset standard temperature difference. Among them, the preset standard temperature difference can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. When the value of the first temperature difference is greater than the preset standard temperature difference, it means that the temperature in the hydrogen production electrolyzer is high and the temperature in the hydrogen production electrolyzer needs to be lowered. The temperature in the hydrogen production electrolyzer can be lowered by increasing the water inlet flow rate.

If, from the start of increasing the motor speed of the circulating pump, after the fifth preset time, the actual detection value of the first temperature difference is still greater than the preset standard temperature difference, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded through the third load reduction method; and, if, from the start of unloading through the third load reduction method, after the sixth preset time, the actual detection value of the first temperature difference is still greater than the preset standard temperature difference, the power supply is shut down. Among them, the fifth preset time and the sixth preset time can also be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. The hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded through the third load reduction method, and the load reduction is stopped when the load is reduced to the lower limit of the output power, and the sixth preset time is greater than or equal to the time from the start of unloading through the third load reduction method to the stop of load reduction. It should be understood that during the load reduction process, if the actual detection value of the first temperature difference is less than or equal to the preset standard temperature difference, the load reduction is stopped.

In a possible implementation, based on all the second detection values, operating and regulating the hydrogen production electrolyzer may further include:

If the second detected value of the oxygen pressure is greater than the preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded through a third negative feedback regulation method, for example, a third PID regulation method, so that the actual detected value of the oxygen pressure is less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure.

If the actual detection value of the oxygen pressure is adjusted to be less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure within the seventh preset time period through the third negative feedback regulation method, then after the actual detection value of the oxygen pressure is less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure, the output power of the power supply is restored to the rated power. The seventh preset time period can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. The hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded through the third negative feedback regulation method, and the load reduction is stopped when the load is reduced to the lower limit of the output power. The seventh preset time period is greater than or equal to the time from the start of the load reduction through the third negative feedback regulation method to the stop of the load reduction. It should be understood that during the load reduction process, if the actual detection value of the oxygen pressure is adjusted to be less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure, the load reduction is stopped.

If the actual detection value of oxygen pressure rises to the preset oxygen danger pressure, the power supply is turned off. The preset oxygen danger pressure is greater than the preset oxygen pressure upper limit, which can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. When the oxygen pressure value is greater than the preset oxygen danger pressure, it means that there is a greater risk in the hydrogen production electrolyzer. In order to ensure the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, it is necessary to turn off the power supply, thereby shutting down the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

and / or,

If the second detection value of the hydrogen pressure is greater than the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded through the fourth negative feedback regulation method, such as the fourth PID regulation method, so that the actual detection value of the hydrogen pressure is less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure.

If the actual detection value of the hydrogen pressure is adjusted to be less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure within the eighth preset time by the fourth negative feedback regulation method, then after the actual detection value of the hydrogen pressure is less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure, the output power of the power supply is restored to the rated power. The eighth preset time can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. The hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded by the fourth negative feedback regulation method, and the load reduction is stopped when the load is reduced to the lower limit of the output power. The eighth preset time is greater than or equal to the time from the start of the load reduction by the fourth negative feedback regulation method to the stop of the load reduction. It should be understood that during the load reduction process, if the actual detection value of the hydrogen pressure is adjusted to be less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure, the load reduction is stopped.

If the actual detection value of the hydrogen pressure rises to the preset hydrogen danger pressure, the power supply is shut down. The preset hydrogen danger pressure is greater than the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure, which can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. When the hydrogen pressure value is greater than the preset hydrogen danger pressure, it means that there is a greater risk in the hydrogen production electrolyzer. In order to ensure the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, it is necessary to shut down the power supply, thereby shutting down the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

In a possible implementation, based on all the second detection values, operating and regulating the hydrogen production electrolyzer may further include:

If the second detected value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen is greater than the preset upper limit of the oxygen concentration, a first alarm prompt message is output. Optionally, the controller can output the first alarm prompt message to the industrial computer or the remote terminal to prompt the management personnel or the user that the value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen of the hydrogen production electrolyzer exceeds the preset upper limit of the oxygen concentration and manual intervention is required.

If the second detection value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen is greater than the preset dangerous oxygen concentration, the power supply is turned off. Among them, the preset dangerous oxygen concentration is greater than the preset upper limit of the oxygen concentration, which can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. When the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen output by the hydrogen production electrolyzer is greater than the preset dangerous oxygen concentration, it is very likely to cause a fire or explosion. In order to ensure the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, it is necessary to turn off the power supply, thereby shutting down the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

If the second detected value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen is greater than the preset upper limit of the hydrogen concentration, a second alarm prompt message is output. Optionally, the controller can output the second alarm prompt message to the industrial computer or the remote terminal to prompt the management personnel or the user that the value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen of the hydrogen production electrolyzer exceeds the preset upper limit of the hydrogen concentration and manual intervention is required.

If the second detection value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen is greater than the preset dangerous hydrogen concentration, the power supply is turned off. Among them, the preset dangerous hydrogen concentration is greater than the preset upper limit of the hydrogen concentration, which can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. When the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen output by the hydrogen production electrolyzer is greater than the preset dangerous hydrogen concentration, it is very likely to cause a fire or explosion. In order to ensure the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, it is necessary to turn off the power supply, thereby shutting down the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

In a possible implementation, based on all the second detection values, operating and regulating the hydrogen production electrolyzer may further include:

The maximum voltage of the chamber, the minimum voltage of the chamber, the average voltage of the chamber, the maximum positive deviation of the chamber voltage, the maximum negative deviation of the chamber voltage, and the voltage fluctuation value of each electrolytic chamber are obtained; the maximum voltage of the chamber and the minimum voltage of the chamber are respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the second detection value of the voltage of all electrolytic chambers; the average voltage of the chamber refers to the average value of the second detection value of the voltage of all electrolytic chambers; the maximum positive deviation of the chamber voltage refers to the difference between the maximum voltage of the chamber and the average voltage of the chamber; the maximum negative deviation of the chamber voltage refers to the difference between the minimum voltage of the chamber and the average voltage of the chamber; the voltage fluctuation of the electrolytic chamber refers to the maximum change value of the voltage of the electrolytic chamber within the preset detection time. Among them, the preset detection time can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario, and the preset detection time is less than the acquisition period of the voltage fluctuation of the electrolytic chamber.

If the maximum voltage of the chamber is greater than the preset voltage upper limit, or the minimum voltage of the chamber is less than the preset voltage lower limit, or the maximum positive deviation of the chamber voltage is greater than the preset voltage deviation upper limit, or the maximum negative deviation of the chamber voltage is less than the preset voltage deviation lower limit, or the voltage fluctuation value of any one or more electrolysis chambers is greater than the preset voltage fluctuation threshold, the power supply is shut down. Among them, the preset voltage upper limit, the preset voltage lower limit, the preset voltage deviation upper limit, the preset voltage deviation lower limit, and the preset voltage fluctuation threshold can all be determined according to the optimal voltage range of the actual application scenario. When the voltage of the electrolysis chamber matches the optimal voltage range, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is in a safe operating state.

In a possible implementation, based on all the second detection values, operating and regulating the hydrogen production electrolyzer may further include:

The maximum plate temperature, the minimum plate temperature, the average plate temperature, the maximum positive deviation of the plate temperature, the maximum negative deviation of the plate temperature, and the heating rate of the plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber are obtained; the maximum plate temperature and the minimum plate temperature refer to the maximum and minimum values of the second detection values of the plate temperature of all electrolysis chambers respectively; the average plate temperature refers to the average value of the second detection values of the plate temperature of all electrolysis chambers; the maximum positive deviation of the plate temperature refers to the difference between the maximum plate temperature and the average plate temperature; the maximum negative deviation of the plate temperature refers to the difference between the minimum plate temperature and the average plate temperature; the heating rate of the plate temperature of the electrolysis chamber refers to the rate at which the plate temperature in the electrolysis chamber increases before the hydrogen production electrolyzer reaches the equilibrium temperature.

If the maximum plate temperature is greater than the preset plate temperature upper limit, or the minimum plate temperature is less than the preset plate temperature lower limit, or the maximum positive deviation of the plate temperature is greater than the preset temperature deviation upper limit, or the maximum negative deviation of the plate temperature is less than the preset temperature deviation lower limit, or before the hydrogen production electrolyzer reaches the equilibrium temperature, the temperature rise rate of the plate temperature of any one or more electrolysis chambers is greater than the preset temperature rise rate, then the power supply is shut down. Among them, the preset plate temperature upper limit, the preset plate temperature lower limit, the preset temperature deviation upper limit, the preset temperature deviation lower limit and the preset temperature rise rate can all be determined according to the optimal plate temperature range of the actual application scenario. When the plate temperature of the electrolysis chamber matches the optimal plate temperature range, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is in a safe operating state.

It should be understood that in order to further improve the safety protection level of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer can be regulated based on the second detection values of all the second variables in the above embodiments to ensure the safe operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, extend the service life of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and maximize the hydrogen production capacity while ensuring the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

In a possible implementation, the method may further include the following steps:

Step 1: Obtain the voltage of each electrolysis chamber of the hydrogen production electrolysis cell and the historical detection value within the target time period.

The end time of the target time period is the time when the power is turned on. That is to say, after the power is turned on, the historical detection value of the voltage of each electrolytic chamber of the hydrogen production electrolyzer within a period of time before the power is turned on can also be obtained.

Step 2: Based on the historical detection values corresponding to each electrolytic chamber, a fitting function of the voltage and current changes of the corresponding electrolytic chamber over time is obtained.

After obtaining the historical detection values of each electrolysis chamber, a fitting function of the change of voltage with time and current can be fitted using the historical detection values of each electrolysis chamber.

Step 3: Based on the fitting function corresponding to each electrolytic chamber, obtain the slope corresponding to the corresponding electrolytic chamber.

The slope corresponding to each electrolytic chamber is the partial differential of the voltage of the electrolytic chamber with respect to time.

Step 4: Calculate the average slope of the corresponding slopes of all electrolytic chambers.

Step 5: Based on the slope average value and the initial life cycle of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, predict the current life cycle of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

Optionally, the current life cycle of the hydrogen production electrolyzer can be determined according to the following formula T=d%*Uinitial/ε, where T represents the current life cycle of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, d represents the voltage attenuation when the electrolyzer is decommissioned, Uinitial represents the initial life cycle of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and ε represents the slope average value.

Step 6: If the difference between the current life cycle and the life cycle predicted last time is greater than a preset life cycle threshold, a third alarm prompt message is output.

The preset life cycle threshold can be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario. For example, it can be set according to the normal decay of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

Optionally, the controller may output a third alarm prompt message to the industrial computer or remote terminal to prompt the manager or user that the life cycle of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is not decaying according to the normal decay state, the hydrogen production electrolyzer may be damaged, and manual intervention is required.

Combined with the life cycle prediction of hydrogen production electrolyzers, it is possible to reduce the load on hydrogen production electrolyzers with high power consumption, low hydrogen production efficiency, and poor operating conditions. For hydrogen production electrolyzers with low power consumption and high hydrogen production efficiency, high-load production is carried out, thereby increasing the hydrogen production capacity under the same power consumption and achieving the purpose of increasing production.

The safety protection method for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer provided in an embodiment of the present application can obtain multiple first detection values of first variables used to measure the safety status of the operating environment inside and outside the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. The power supply of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer will be turned on only after all first detection values meet the safe operating conditions. After the power is turned on, multiple second variables used to measure the operating status of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer are also monitored to obtain second detection values of multiple second variables. Then, according to the obtained second detection values of the multiple second variables, the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer is regulated to achieve safety protection of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer.

That is to say, the above method provided by the present application takes into account the safety of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer at the same time. The power supply will be turned on only when the internal and external operating environment are safe, thus avoiding the potential safety hazards of the internal and external operating environment in advance and improving the safety of the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. In addition, during the operation, the safety status of the internal and external environment is also monitored. When there are potential safety hazards, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is protected in a timely manner, making the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer safer and extending the service life of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

In addition, when carrying out safety protection for the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the water inlet flow, water inlet temperature, water inlet pressure, anode outlet temperature, oxygen pressure, cathode outlet temperature, hydrogen pressure, oxygen concentration in hydrogen, hydrogen concentration in oxygen, inlet and outlet temperature difference, voltage of each electrolysis chamber, and plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber are taken into consideration. Based on the changes in these multiple variables, the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer is adjusted, and the hydrogen production electrolyzer is more comprehensively protected, with better safety protection effect. And while ensuring the safety of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the hydrogen production capacity is guaranteed to a large extent, and the applicability is better.

It can be understood that the above embodiments are only examples and can be modified in actual implementation. Those skilled in the art can understand that the modification methods of the above embodiments without creative labor all fall within the protection scope of this application and will not be described in detail in the embodiments.

Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a safety protection device for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. Since the principle of the problem solved by the safety protection device for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer is similar to the aforementioned safety protection method for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer, the implementation of the safety protection device for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned safety protection method for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

Referring to FIG. 4 , FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a safety protection device for a hydrogen production electrolyzer provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4 , the safety protection device 900 for a hydrogen production electrolyzer may include: a first acquisition module 901, a first control module 902, a second acquisition module 903, and a second control module 904. Among them,

A first acquisition module 901 is used to respectively acquire first detection values of a plurality of first variables; the plurality of first variables are used to measure the safety status of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer;

A first control module 902 is used to turn on a power supply if all first detection values meet the safe operation conditions; the power supply is used to supply power to the hydrogen production electrolyzer;

A second acquisition module 903 is used to respectively acquire second detection values of a plurality of second variables; the plurality of second variables are used to measure the operating state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer;

The second control module 904 is used to regulate and control the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer based on all the second detection values to provide safety protection for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer.

In one possible implementation, the multiple first variables include: a first water inlet flow rate, a second water inlet flow rate, a water inlet temperature, a water inlet pressure, an anode outlet temperature, an oxygen pressure, a cathode outlet temperature, a hydrogen pressure, an oxygen concentration in hydrogen, and a hydrogen concentration in oxygen; wherein the first water inlet flow rate and the second water inlet flow rate are respectively water flows at different positions of the water inlet of the hydrogen production electrolyzer.

In one possible implementation, all first detection values meet safe operation conditions, including: the first detection values of the first water inlet flow rate and the second water inlet flow rate are both greater than a preset flow rate lower limit; the first detection value of the water inlet temperature is less than a preset water temperature upper limit; the first detection value of the water inlet pressure is greater than a preset water pressure lower limit; the first detection value of the anode outlet temperature is less than a preset anode outlet temperature upper limit; the first detection value of the oxygen pressure is less than a preset oxygen pressure upper limit; the first detection value of the cathode outlet temperature is less than a preset cathode outlet temperature upper limit; the first detection value of the hydrogen pressure is less than a preset hydrogen pressure upper limit; the first detection value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen is less than a preset oxygen concentration upper limit; the first detection value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen is less than a preset hydrogen concentration upper limit.

In one possible implementation, the multiple second variables include: the first water inlet flow rate, the second water inlet flow rate and the water inlet pressure; the second control module 904 is used to control the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer based on all the second detection values, specifically: the second control module 904 is used to: determine the second detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the second detection value of the flow difference; the target water inlet flow rate is the first water inlet flow rate or the second water inlet flow rate; the second detection value of the flow difference is the absolute value of the difference between the second detection value of the first water inlet flow rate and the second detection value of the second water inlet flow rate; if the deviation between the second detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate is greater than the first preset deviation threshold, the motor speed of the circulating pump is adjusted through the first negative feedback regulation method, so that the deviation between the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate is less than or equal to the first preset deviation threshold; the circulating pump is used to The hydrogen production electrolyzer is supplied with water; if, after the duration of regulation by the first negative feedback regulation method exceeds the first preset duration, the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is still less than the preset standard flow rate and the deviation between the two is greater than the first preset deviation threshold, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded by the first load reduction method; and, if the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is reduced to a preset dangerous flow rate, or after the start of load reduction by the first load reduction method, the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is still less than the preset standard flow rate and the deviation between the two is greater than the first preset deviation threshold after a second preset duration, the power supply is shut down; the preset dangerous flow rate is less than the preset flow lower limit; if the second detection value of the flow difference is greater than the preset flow difference threshold, the power supply is shut down; if the second detection value of the water inlet pressure is less than the preset dangerous water pressure, the power supply is shut down; the preset dangerous water pressure is less than the preset water pressure lower limit.

In one possible implementation, the multiple second variables also include: the anode outlet temperature or the cathode outlet temperature, and the inlet water temperature; the second control module 904 is also used to: determine a second detection value of the first temperature difference; the first temperature difference is the temperature difference between the outlet temperature and the inlet water temperature; the outlet temperature is the anode outlet temperature or the cathode outlet temperature; if the deviation between the second detection value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature is greater than the second preset deviation threshold, then the flow rate of cooling water in the heat exchanger is adjusted through the second negative feedback regulation method, so that the deviation between the actual detection value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature is less than or equal to the second preset deviation threshold; the heat exchanger is used to adjust the temperature of water entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer; if the actual detection value of the inlet water temperature is still greater than the preset water temperature upper limit after the duration of adjustment through the second negative feedback regulation method exceeds the third preset duration, then the second load reduction method is used , the hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded; and, if the actual detection value of the inlet water temperature rises to the preset dangerous water temperature, or after the fourth preset time period since the load reduction by the second load reduction method, the actual detection value of the inlet water temperature is still greater than the preset water temperature upper limit, the power supply is shut down; the preset dangerous water temperature is greater than the preset water temperature upper limit; if the second detection value of the first temperature difference is greater than the preset standard temperature difference, the motor speed of the circulation pump is increased so that the actual detection value of the first temperature difference is less than or equal to the preset standard temperature difference; if after the fifth preset time period since the start of increasing the motor speed of the circulation pump, the actual detection value of the first temperature difference is still greater than the preset standard temperature difference, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded by the third load reduction method; and, if after the sixth preset time period since the load reduction by the third load reduction method, the actual detection value of the first temperature difference is still greater than the preset standard temperature difference, the power supply is shut down.

In a possible implementation, the multiple second variables also include: the oxygen pressure and/or the hydrogen pressure; the second control module 904 is also used to: if the second detection value of the oxygen pressure is greater than the preset oxygen pressure upper limit, reduce the load of the hydrogen production electrolyzer through a third negative feedback regulation method, so that the actual detection value of the oxygen pressure is less than or equal to the preset oxygen pressure upper limit; if the actual detection value of the oxygen pressure is adjusted to be less than or equal to the preset oxygen pressure upper limit within a seventh preset time period through the third negative feedback regulation method, then after the actual detection value of the oxygen pressure is less than or equal to the preset oxygen pressure upper limit, restore the output power of the power supply to the rated power; if the actual detection value of the oxygen pressure rises to a preset oxygen dangerous pressure, shut down the power supply. source; the preset oxygen danger pressure is greater than the preset oxygen pressure upper limit; and/or, if the second detection value of the hydrogen pressure is greater than the preset hydrogen pressure upper limit, the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer is unloaded through a fourth negative feedback regulation method, so that the actual detection value of the hydrogen pressure is less than or equal to the preset hydrogen pressure upper limit; if the actual detection value of the hydrogen pressure is adjusted to be less than or equal to the preset hydrogen pressure upper limit within an eighth preset time period through the fourth negative feedback regulation method, then after the actual detection value of the hydrogen pressure is less than or equal to the preset hydrogen pressure upper limit, the output power of the power supply is restored to the rated power; if the actual detection value of the hydrogen pressure rises to the preset hydrogen danger pressure, the power supply is shut down; the preset hydrogen danger pressure is greater than the preset hydrogen pressure upper limit.

In one possible implementation, the multiple second variables also include: the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen; the second control module 904 is also used to: if the second detection value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen is greater than the preset upper limit of the oxygen concentration, output a first alarm prompt message; if the second detection value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen is greater than the preset dangerous oxygen concentration, shut down the power supply; if the second detection value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen is greater than the preset upper limit of the hydrogen concentration, output a second alarm prompt message; if the second detection value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen is greater than the preset dangerous hydrogen concentration, shut down the power supply.

In a possible implementation, the multiple second variables also include: the voltage of each electrolytic chamber of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell; the second control module 904 is also used to: obtain the maximum chamber voltage, the minimum chamber voltage, the average chamber voltage, the maximum positive deviation of the chamber voltage, the maximum negative deviation of the chamber voltage, and the voltage fluctuation value of each electrolytic chamber; the maximum chamber voltage and the minimum chamber voltage are respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the second detection values of the voltage of all electrolytic chambers; the average chamber voltage refers to the average value of the second detection values of the voltage of all electrolytic chambers; the maximum positive deviation of the chamber voltage refers to the maximum value of the second detection value of the chamber voltage The maximum voltage is the difference between the maximum voltage and the average voltage of the chamber; the maximum negative deviation of the chamber voltage refers to the difference between the minimum voltage of the chamber and the average voltage of the chamber; the voltage fluctuation of the electrolysis chamber refers to the maximum change value of the voltage of the electrolysis chamber within the preset detection time; if the maximum voltage of the chamber is greater than the preset voltage upper limit, or the minimum voltage of the chamber is less than the preset voltage lower limit, or the maximum positive deviation of the chamber voltage is greater than the preset voltage deviation upper limit, or the maximum negative deviation of the chamber voltage is less than the preset voltage deviation lower limit, or the voltage fluctuation value of any one or more electrolysis chambers is greater than the preset voltage fluctuation threshold, then the power supply is shut down.

In a possible implementation, the multiple second variables also include: the plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber; the second control module 904 is also used to: obtain the maximum plate temperature, the minimum plate temperature, the average plate temperature, the maximum positive deviation of the plate temperature, the maximum negative deviation of the plate temperature, and the heating rate of the plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber; the maximum plate temperature and the minimum plate temperature refer to the maximum value and the minimum value of the second detection values of the plate temperature of all electrolysis chambers, respectively; the average plate temperature refers to the average value of the second detection values of the plate temperature of all electrolysis chambers; the maximum positive deviation of the plate temperature refers to the difference between the maximum plate temperature and the average plate temperature; The maximum negative deviation of the plate temperature refers to the difference between the minimum temperature of the plate and the average temperature of the plate; the temperature rise rate of the plate temperature of the electrolysis chamber refers to the rate at which the plate temperature in the electrolysis chamber increases before the hydrogen production electrolysis cell reaches the equilibrium temperature; if the maximum plate temperature is greater than the preset upper limit of the plate temperature, or the minimum plate temperature is less than the preset lower limit of the plate temperature, or the maximum positive deviation of the plate temperature is greater than the preset upper limit of the temperature deviation, or the maximum negative deviation of the plate temperature is less than the preset lower limit of the temperature deviation, or before the hydrogen production electrolysis cell reaches the equilibrium temperature, the temperature rise rate of the plate temperature of any one or more electrolysis chambers is greater than the preset temperature rise rate, then the power supply is shut down.

In one possible implementation, the safety protection device 900 for a hydrogen production electrolyzer also includes: a third acquisition module, used to obtain the historical detection values of the voltages of each electrolysis chamber of the hydrogen production electrolyzer within a target time period; the end time of the target time period is the time when the power supply is turned on; a third control module, used to: based on the historical detection values corresponding to each electrolysis chamber, fit a fitting function of the voltage of the corresponding electrolysis chamber changing with time and current; based on the fitting function corresponding to each electrolysis chamber, obtain the slope corresponding to the corresponding electrolysis chamber; the slope corresponding to each electrolysis chamber is the partial differential of the voltage of the electrolysis chamber with respect to time; calculate the average slope of the slopes corresponding to all electrolysis chambers; based on the average slope and the initial life cycle of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, predict the current life cycle of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; if the difference between the current life cycle and the life cycle predicted last time is greater than the preset life cycle threshold, output a third alarm prompt information.

Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a safety protection system for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. Since the principle of the problem solved by the safety protection system for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer is similar to the aforementioned safety protection method for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer, the implementation of the safety protection system for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned safety protection method for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

The safety protection system for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer provided in the present application may include: multiple first detection devices, used to obtain first detection values of multiple first variables; the multiple first variables are used to measure the safety status of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; a controller, used to turn on the power supply if all the first detection values meet the safe operating conditions; the power supply is used to power the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; multiple second detection devices, used to obtain second detection values of multiple second variables; the multiple second variables are used to measure the operating status of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; the controller is also used to control the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer based on all the second detection values to provide safety protection for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer.

Optionally, the multiple first detection devices may be multiple sensors, and the specific arrangement of the multiple sensors on the hydrogen production electrolyzer may refer to the embodiments shown in the aforementioned Figures 1 and 2, which will not be described in detail here. The specific content of the first detection value of the first variable obtained by the multiple sensors may also refer to the content of the aforementioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

Optionally, the plurality of second detection devices may include a plurality of sensors, voltage patrol meters, and temperature patrol meters. The arrangement of the plurality of sensors, voltage patrol meters, and temperature patrol meters on the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and the specific contents of obtaining the second detection values of the plurality of second variables correspondingly, can all be referred to the contents of the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

Optionally, the controller may be the controller shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 . The specific functions or roles, as well as the connection relationship with other devices, may refer to the contents of the aforementioned embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a hydrogen production system. Since the principle of the problem solved by the hydrogen production system is similar to the aforementioned safety protection method for the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the implementation of the hydrogen production system can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned safety protection method for the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

The hydrogen production system provided in the embodiment of the present application may include a hydrogen production electrolyzer and the safety protection system for the hydrogen production electrolyzer. The specific structure of the hydrogen production system can refer to the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2, and the specific effects and functions can refer to the contents of the aforementioned method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

Referring to FIG5 , FIG5 is a block diagram of a structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG5 , the electronic device 1000 may include a processor 1001 and a memory 1002; the memory 1002 may be coupled to the processor 1001. It is worth noting that FIG5 is exemplary; other types of structures may also be used to supplement or replace the structure to implement telecommunication functions or other functions.

In a possible implementation, the functionality of the safety protection device 900 for a hydrogen production electrolyzer may be integrated into the processor 1001 .

In one possible implementation, the safety protection device 900 for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer can be configured separately from the processor 1001 . For example, the safety protection device 900 for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer can be configured as a chip connected to the processor 1001 , and safety protection is achieved through the control of the processor 1001 .

In addition, in some optional implementations, the electronic device 1000 may further include: a communication module, an input unit, an audio processor, a display, a power supply, etc. It is worth noting that the electronic device 1000 does not necessarily include all the components shown in FIG5 ; in addition, the electronic device 1000 may also include components not shown in FIG5 , and reference may be made to the prior art.

In some optional implementations, the processor 1001 is sometimes also referred to as a controller or an operation control, and may include a microprocessor or other processor device and/or logic device, which receives input and controls the operation of various components of the electronic device 1000.

The memory 1002 may be, for example, a cache, a flash memory, a hard drive, a removable medium, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory or other suitable devices. The memory 1002 may store the information related to the safety protection device 900 for the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and may also store a program for executing the related information. The processor 1001 may execute the program stored in the memory 1002 to implement information storage or processing.

The input unit can provide input to the processor 1001. The input unit is, for example, a key or a touch input device. The power supply can be used to provide power to the electronic device 1000. The display can be used to display display objects such as images and text. The display can be, for example, an LCD display, but is not limited thereto.

The memory 1002 may be a solid-state memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a SIM card, etc. It may also be a memory that saves information even when the power is off, can be selectively erased, and is provided with more data, examples of which are sometimes referred to as EPROMs, etc. The memory 1002 may also be some other type of device. The memory 1002 includes a buffer memory (sometimes referred to as a buffer). The memory 1002 may include an application/function storage unit for storing application programs and function programs or processes for executing the operation of the electronic device 1000 through the processor 1001.

The memory 1002 may also include a data storage unit for storing data, such as contacts, digital data, pictures, sounds, and/or any other data used by the electronic device. The driver storage unit of the memory 1002 may include various drivers for communication functions of the electronic device and/or for executing other functions of the electronic device (such as messaging applications, address book applications, etc.).

The communication module is a transmitter/receiver that sends and receives signals via an antenna. The communication module (transmitter/receiver) is coupled to the processor 1001 to provide input signals and receive output signals, which may be the same as in a conventional mobile communication terminal.

Based on different communication technologies, multiple communication modules may be provided in the same electronic device, such as a cellular network module, a Bluetooth module and/or a wireless local area network module, etc. The communication module (transmitter/receiver) is also coupled to a speaker and a microphone via an audio processor to provide an audio output via the speaker and receive an audio input from the microphone, thereby realizing a common telecommunication function. The audio processor may include any suitable buffer, decoder, amplifier, etc. In addition, the audio processor is also coupled to the processor 1001, so that recording can be performed on the machine through the microphone, and the sound stored on the machine can be played through the speaker.

An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all steps of the safety protection method for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer in the above-mentioned embodiment. A computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, all steps of the safety protection method for a hydrogen-producing electrolyzer in the above-mentioned embodiment are implemented.

Although the present application provides method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the order of many steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order of the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings or in parallel (for example, in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of this specification may be provided as methods, devices (systems) or computer program products. Therefore, the embodiments of this specification may take the form of complete hardware embodiments, complete software embodiments or embodiments combining software and hardware. Moreover, the application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

The present application is described with reference to the flowchart and/or block diagram of the method, device (system) and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that each process and/or box in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and the combination of the process and/or box in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a device for implementing the function specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one box or multiple boxes in the block diagram.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and/or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, whereby the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and/or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device and system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. In this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application is not limited to any single aspect, nor is it limited to any single embodiment, nor is it limited to any combination and/or permutation of these aspects and/or embodiments. Furthermore, each aspect and/or embodiment of the present application may be used alone or in combination with one or more other aspects and/or embodiments thereof.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application.

The present application has been described above in conjunction with preferred embodiments, but these embodiments are only exemplary and serve only as an illustration. On this basis, various replacements and improvements can be made to the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims (16)

1. A safety protection method for a hydrogen production electrolyzer, characterized in that the method comprises: Respectively obtaining first detection values of a plurality of first variables; the plurality of first variables are used to measure the safety status of the internal and external operating environments of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; If all the first detection values meet the safe operation conditions, turning on a power supply, wherein the power supply is used to supply power to the hydrogen production electrolyzer; Respectively obtaining second detection values of a plurality of second variables; the plurality of second variables are used to measure the operating state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; Based on all the second detection values, the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer is regulated to provide safety protection for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the multiple first variables include: a first water inlet flow rate, a second water inlet flow rate, a water inlet temperature, a water inlet pressure, an anode outlet temperature, an oxygen pressure, a cathode outlet temperature, a hydrogen pressure, an oxygen concentration in hydrogen, and a hydrogen concentration in oxygen; wherein the first water inlet flow rate and the second water inlet flow rate are respectively water flow rates at different positions of the water inlet of the hydrogen production electrolyzer. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein all the first detection values satisfy the safe operation conditions, including: The first detection values of the first water inlet flow rate and the second water inlet flow rate are both greater than a preset flow lower limit; The first detected value of the water inlet temperature is less than a preset water temperature upper limit; The first detection value of the water inlet pressure is greater than a preset water pressure lower limit; The first detected value of the anode outlet temperature is less than a preset anode outlet temperature upper limit; The first detected value of the oxygen pressure is less than a preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure; The first detected value of the cathode outlet temperature is less than a preset cathode outlet temperature upper limit; The first detected value of the hydrogen pressure is less than a preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure; The first detected value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen is less than a preset upper limit of the oxygen concentration; The first detected value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen is less than a preset upper limit of the hydrogen concentration. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the plurality of second variables include: the first water inlet flow rate, the second water inlet flow rate and the water inlet pressure; The step of regulating and controlling the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer based on all the second detection values includes: Determine a second detection value of a target water inlet flow rate and a second detection value of a flow difference; the target water inlet flow rate is the first water inlet flow rate or the second water inlet flow rate; the second detection value of the flow difference is an absolute value of a difference between a second detection value of the first water inlet flow rate and a second detection value of the second water inlet flow rate; If the deviation between the second detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate is greater than the first preset deviation threshold, the motor speed of the circulation pump is adjusted through the first negative feedback regulation method so that the deviation between the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate and the preset standard flow rate is less than or equal to the first preset deviation threshold; the circulation pump is used to supply water to the hydrogen production electrolyzer; If, after the duration of regulation by the first negative feedback regulation method exceeds the first preset duration, the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is still less than the preset standard flow rate and the deviation therebetween is greater than the first preset deviation threshold, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is deloaded by the first load reduction method; and, if the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is reduced to a preset dangerous flow rate, or after a second preset duration has passed since the load reduction by the first load reduction method began, the actual detection value of the target water inlet flow rate is still less than the preset standard flow rate and the deviation therebetween is greater than the first preset deviation threshold, the power supply is shut down; the preset dangerous flow rate is less than the preset flow lower limit; If the second detected value of the flow difference is greater than a preset flow difference threshold, shutting down the power supply; If the second detected value of the water inlet pressure is less than a preset dangerous water pressure, the power supply is turned off; and the preset dangerous water pressure is less than the preset water pressure lower limit. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of second variables further comprises: the anode outlet temperature or the cathode outlet temperature, and the water inlet temperature; The step of regulating and controlling the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer based on all the second detection values further includes: Determine a second detection value of a first temperature difference; the first temperature difference is the temperature difference between the outlet temperature and the inlet water temperature; the outlet temperature is the anode outlet temperature or the cathode outlet temperature; If the deviation between the second detected value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature is greater than the second preset deviation threshold, the flow rate of cooling water in the heat exchanger is adjusted through a second negative feedback adjustment method so that the deviation between the actual detected value of the inlet water temperature and the preset standard inlet water temperature is less than or equal to the second preset deviation threshold; the heat exchanger is used to adjust the temperature of water entering the hydrogen production electrolyzer; If the actual detected value of the inlet water temperature is still greater than the preset water temperature upper limit after the duration of regulation by the second negative feedback regulation mode exceeds the third preset duration, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is deloaded by the second load reduction mode; and if the actual detected value of the inlet water temperature rises to a preset dangerous water temperature, or after a fourth preset duration from the start of load reduction by the second load reduction mode, the actual detected value of the inlet water temperature is still greater than the preset water temperature upper limit, the power supply is shut down; the preset dangerous water temperature is greater than the preset water temperature upper limit; If the second detected value of the first temperature difference is greater than the preset standard temperature difference, increasing the motor speed of the circulation pump so that the actual detected value of the first temperature difference is less than or equal to the preset standard temperature difference; If, after the fifth preset time period from the start of increasing the motor speed of the circulation pump, the actual detection value of the first temperature difference is still greater than the preset standard temperature difference, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is unloaded through the third load reduction method; and if, after the sixth preset time period from the start of unloading through the third load reduction method, the actual detection value of the first temperature difference is still greater than the preset standard temperature difference, the power supply is shut down. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the plurality of second variables further comprises: the oxygen pressure and/or the hydrogen pressure; The step of regulating and controlling the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer based on all the second detection values further includes: If the second detected value of the oxygen pressure is greater than the preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is deloaded through a third negative feedback regulation method so that the actual detected value of the oxygen pressure is less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure; If the actual detected value of the oxygen pressure is adjusted to be less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure within a seventh preset time period by the third negative feedback regulation method, then after the actual detected value of the oxygen pressure is less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the oxygen pressure, the output power of the power supply is restored to the rated power; If the actual detected value of the oxygen pressure rises to a preset oxygen dangerous pressure, shutting down the power supply; the preset oxygen dangerous pressure is greater than the preset oxygen pressure upper limit; and / or, If the second detected value of the hydrogen pressure is greater than the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure, the hydrogen production electrolyzer is deloaded through a fourth negative feedback regulation method so that the actual detected value of the hydrogen pressure is less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure; If the actual detected value of the hydrogen pressure is adjusted to be less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure within an eighth preset time period through the fourth negative feedback regulation method, then after the actual detected value of the hydrogen pressure is less than or equal to the preset upper limit of the hydrogen pressure, the output power of the power supply is restored to the rated power; If the actual detected value of the hydrogen pressure rises to a preset hydrogen dangerous pressure, the power supply is shut down; the preset hydrogen dangerous pressure is greater than the preset hydrogen pressure upper limit. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the plurality of second variables further comprises: a concentration of oxygen in the hydrogen gas and a concentration of hydrogen in the oxygen gas; The step of regulating and controlling the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer based on all the second detection values further includes: If the second detected value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen is greater than the preset upper limit of the oxygen concentration, outputting a first alarm prompt information; If the second detected value of the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen is greater than a preset dangerous oxygen concentration, shutting down the power supply; If the second detected value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen is greater than the preset upper limit of the hydrogen concentration, outputting a second alarm prompt information; If the second detected value of the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen is greater than the preset dangerous hydrogen concentration, the power supply is shut down. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the plurality of second variables further comprises: a voltage of each electrolysis chamber of the hydrogen production electrolysis cell; The step of regulating and controlling the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer based on all the second detection values further includes: Obtain the maximum chamber voltage, the minimum chamber voltage, the average chamber voltage, the maximum positive deviation of the chamber voltage, the maximum negative deviation of the chamber voltage, and the voltage fluctuation value of each electrolytic chamber; the maximum chamber voltage and the minimum chamber voltage are respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the second detection values of the voltages of all electrolytic chambers; the average chamber voltage refers to the average value of the second detection values of the voltages of all electrolytic chambers; the maximum positive deviation of the chamber voltage refers to the difference between the maximum chamber voltage and the average chamber voltage; the maximum negative deviation of the chamber voltage refers to the difference between the minimum chamber voltage and the average chamber voltage; the voltage fluctuation of an electrolytic chamber refers to the maximum change value of the voltage of the electrolytic chamber within a preset detection time; If the maximum voltage of the chamber is greater than the preset voltage upper limit, or the minimum voltage of the chamber is less than the preset voltage lower limit, or the maximum positive deviation of the chamber voltage is greater than the preset voltage deviation upper limit, or the maximum negative deviation of the chamber voltage is less than the preset voltage deviation lower limit, or the voltage fluctuation value of any one or more electrolysis chambers is greater than the preset voltage fluctuation threshold, the power supply is shut down. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of second variables further comprises: the plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber; The step of regulating and controlling the operation of the hydrogen production electrolyzer based on all the second detection values further includes: Obtain the highest plate temperature, the lowest plate temperature, the average plate temperature, the maximum positive deviation of the plate temperature, the maximum negative deviation of the plate temperature, and the temperature rise rate of the plate temperature of each electrolysis chamber; the highest plate temperature and the lowest plate temperature refer to the maximum value and the minimum value of the second detection values of the plate temperature of all electrolysis chambers, respectively; the average plate temperature refers to the average value of the second detection values of the plate temperature of all electrolysis chambers; the maximum positive deviation of the plate temperature refers to the difference between the highest plate temperature and the average plate temperature; the maximum negative deviation of the plate temperature refers to the difference between the lowest plate temperature and the average plate temperature; the temperature rise rate of the plate temperature of the electrolysis chamber refers to the rate at which the plate temperature in the electrolysis chamber increases before the hydrogen production electrolyzer reaches the equilibrium temperature; If the maximum plate temperature is greater than the preset upper limit of the plate temperature, or the minimum plate temperature is less than the preset lower limit of the plate temperature, or the maximum positive deviation of the plate temperature is greater than the preset upper limit of the temperature deviation, or the maximum negative deviation of the plate temperature is less than the preset lower limit of the temperature deviation, or before the hydrogen production electrolyzer reaches the equilibrium temperature, the temperature rise rate of the plate temperature of any one or more electrolysis chambers is greater than the preset temperature rise rate, then the power supply is shut down. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the method further comprises: Obtaining the voltage of each electrolytic chamber of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell, and the historical detection value within a target time period; the end time of the target time period is the time when the power supply is turned on; Based on the historical detection values corresponding to each electrolytic chamber, a fitting function of the voltage of the corresponding electrolytic chamber changing with time and current is obtained; Based on the fitting function corresponding to each electrolytic chamber, the slope corresponding to the corresponding electrolytic chamber is obtained; the slope corresponding to each electrolytic chamber is the partial differential of the voltage of the electrolytic chamber with respect to time; Calculate the average slope of the corresponding slopes of all electrolytic cells; Predicting a current life cycle of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer based on the slope average value and an initial life cycle of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer; If the difference between the current life cycle and the life cycle predicted last time is greater than a preset life cycle threshold, a third alarm prompt message is output. 11. A safety protection device for a hydrogen production electrolyzer, comprising: A first acquisition module, used to respectively acquire first detection values of a plurality of first variables; the plurality of first variables are used to measure the safety status of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; A first control module, configured to turn on a power supply if all first detection values meet safe operation conditions; the power supply is configured to supply power to the hydrogen production electrolyzer; A second acquisition module, used to respectively acquire second detection values of a plurality of second variables; the plurality of second variables are used to measure the operating state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; The second control module is used to regulate and control the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer based on all the second detection values to provide safety protection for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. 12. A safety protection system for a hydrogen production electrolyzer, comprising: A plurality of first detection devices, used to obtain first detection values of a plurality of first variables; the plurality of first variables are used to measure the safety status of the internal and external operating environment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; A controller, configured to turn on a power supply if all first detection values meet safe operation conditions; the power supply is configured to supply power to the hydrogen production electrolyzer; A plurality of second detection devices, used to obtain second detection values of a plurality of second variables; the plurality of second variables are used to measure the operating state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; The controller is further used to regulate the operation of the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer based on all the second detection values to provide safety protection for the hydrogen-producing electrolyzer. 13. A hydrogen production system, characterized in that it comprises: a hydrogen production electrolyzer and the safety protection system for the hydrogen production electrolyzer according to claim 12. 14. An electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented. 15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented. 16. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product comprises: a computer program or instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.