CN118130358A - Corrosion salt spray test device and method for underground coal mine environment high-pretightening-force anchor cable - Google Patents
Corrosion salt spray test device and method for underground coal mine environment high-pretightening-force anchor cable Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The application provides a corrosion salt spray test device and method for an anchor cable with high pretightening force in a coal mine underground environment. In the test device, the test box body is of a box body structure made of transparent materials; the loading units are made of anti-corrosion materials, the 2 loading brackets are arranged in parallel along the length direction according to a preset interval distance, and steel plate trays are respectively arranged at two ends of the loading units; each steel plate tray is correspondingly provided with a loading lock for applying pretightening force to the test anchor cable; the 2 stainless flat steels of the loading bracket are arranged in parallel along the front-back direction, and a plurality of bearing steel rods are arranged between the 2 stainless flat steels in parallel; the part of the stainless flat steel extending out of the test box body is supported by a supporting frame; the spraying unit comprises a plurality of rows of spraying pipelines which are arranged in parallel along the front-back direction, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are arranged on each row of spraying pipelines in parallel along the length direction; each atomizing nozzle extends into the test box body from the top surface of the test box body, and at least a pair of atomizing nozzles are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of each bearing steel rod.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metal material performance test, in particular to a corrosion salt spray test device and method for an anchor cable with high pretightening force in underground coal mine environment.
Background
The underground environment of the coal mine is moist, the coal dust is large, and the mine water has corrosiveness, so that the anchor cable is severely corroded, the supporting performance of the anchor cable is reduced, the safety production of the coal mine is seriously affected, and the anchor cable is extremely important to the corrosion prevention research of underground supports of the coal mine.
Because the anchor cable is a steel strand twisted by a plurality of cold drawn steel wires, the corrosion mechanical behavior of the anchor cable under a special structure is greatly different from that of a conventional metal sample, the salt spray test device for researching metal corrosion on the market can only test small samples or national standard samples, and the adopted test sample can only carry out microscopic and small-scale experiments and can not truly reflect the corrosion mechanical behavior of the anchor cable with the special structure in the actual environment from the macroscopic view.
Thus, there is a need to provide a solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a corrosion salt spray test device and method for an anchor cable with high pretightening force in a coal mine underground environment, so as to solve or alleviate the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
The application provides a corrosion salt spray test device of an anchor cable with high pretightening force in a coal mine underground environment, which comprises the following components: the test box body, the loading unit and the spraying unit; the test box body is of a box body structure made of transparent materials; the loading unit is made of anti-corrosion materials and comprises: the loading bracket, the steel plate tray and the loading lockset; the number of the loading brackets is 2, the 2 loading brackets are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction according to a preset interval distance, and the two ends of the loading brackets are respectively provided with the steel plate tray; each steel plate tray is correspondingly provided with one loading lock, and the loading locks are used for applying pretightening force to the test anchor cable; the loading stand includes: the stainless steel plate comprises 2 stainless steel plates and a plurality of bearing steel rods, wherein the 2 stainless steel plates are arranged in parallel along the front-back direction, and a plurality of bearing steel rods are arranged between the 2 stainless steel plates in parallel; the left end and the right end of the stainless flat steel penetrate through the test box body respectively and extend out, and the part of the stainless flat steel extending out of the test box body is supported by a supporting frame; the spraying unit comprises a plurality of rows of spraying pipelines which are arranged in parallel along the front-back direction, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are arranged on each row of spraying pipelines in parallel along the vertical direction; each atomizing nozzle extends into the test box body from the top surface of the test box body, the end face of each atomizing nozzle on the spraying pipeline in the middle is located between the bearing steel rod and the test anchor cable, and at least one pair of atomizing nozzles are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of each bearing steel rod.
Preferably, the loading lock comprises: the lock comprises a lock fixing part, a lock telescopic part and a lock claw; the lock fixing part is of an annular cavity structure, a first through lock hole is formed in the lock fixing part along the axial direction, and the side wall of the lock fixing part is provided with a corresponding oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole which are communicated with the annular cavity structure; the lock telescopic part is sleeved in the annular cavity structure and can axially move in an extending mode in the annular cavity structure, and a through second lock hole is axially formed in the lock telescopic part; the lock claw is conical and is positioned in a conical hole axially arranged at one end of the lock fixing part, and a third lock hole is axially formed in the lock claw; the lock claw is of a multi-piece type combined structure, and an engagement part is axially arranged in the third lock hole.
Preferably, an annular groove is formed in the side wall of the lock claw, which is far away from one end of the lock fixing portion, along the circumferential direction, and an elastic tensioning ring is arranged in the annular groove.
Preferably, the formula is as follows:
Determining the relative position between the atomizing nozzle and the test anchor cable;
Wherein, The vertical distance between the atomizing nozzle and the test anchor cable is set; /(I)A preset interval distance between 2 loading brackets; /(I)The horizontal distance between the atomizing nozzle and the test anchor cable is set; /(I)The spraying angle of the atomizing nozzle is; /(I)And the length of the stretching section of the test anchor cable is as follows.
Preferably, the cross section of the bearing steel rod is H-shaped, and the web plate of the H-shaped bearing steel rod is arranged along the horizontal direction; and/or the test box body is formed by sticking transparent acrylic plates through a hot melt adhesive rod, and electric heating strips are respectively stuck on the internal side lines of the test box body; and/or the test anchor cable, the atomizing nozzle, the stainless flat steel and the test box body are sealed through hole sealing foam.
Preferably, the method further comprises: the monitoring unit comprises a wireless dynamometer, wherein the wireless dynamometer is positioned between the loading lockset and the steel plate tray, and a plurality of vibrating wire strain gauges are uniformly distributed on the wireless dynamometer.
Preferably, the monitoring unit further comprises: the wireless temperature and humidity monitor is arranged on the test box body, and a monitoring probe of the wireless temperature and humidity monitor stretches into the test box body so as to monitor the test environment temperature and the test environment humidity of the test anchor cable in real time.
The embodiment of the application also provides a corrosion salt spray test method for the underground coal mine environment high-pretightening force anchor cable, which adopts any one of the corrosion salt spray test devices for the underground coal mine environment high-pretightening force anchor cable to simultaneously perform an accelerated corrosion salt spray test on a plurality of test anchor cables, and comprises the following steps: the left side plate and the right side plate of the test box body are respectively arranged at two ends of the stainless steel of the built loading bracket, and the loading bracket is supported by a supporting frame; the top plate and the bottom plate of the test box body are respectively stuck to the left side plate and the right side plate of the test box body through hot melt adhesive rods; the test anchor cable passes through the 2 loading brackets along the front-back direction, and pretightening force is applied to the test anchor cable through a loading lockset; respectively sticking electric heating strips on the internal side lines of the test box body, and sticking the front panel and the rear panel of the test box body; the two ends of the test anchor cable respectively penetrate through the front panel and the rear panel of the test box body; and after the top plate of the test box body is provided with the spraying unit and the test anchor cable, the atomization nozzle, the stainless flat steel and the test box body are sealed by the hole sealing foam, the test anchor cable is subjected to an accelerated corrosion salt spray test according to set test conditions.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following formula:
Determining pretightening force loss of the test anchor cable under load temperature change when the test anchor cable is subjected to accelerated corrosion salt spray test according to set test conditions And the total loss of pretension of the test anchor cable/>；
Wherein,The length of the stretching section of the test anchor cable is the length of the stretching section of the test anchor cable; /(I)The expansion coefficient of the material of the test anchor cable is the expansion coefficient of the material of the test anchor cable; /(I)The test temperature of the test anchor cable in the accelerated corrosion salt spray test is set; /(I)Is the reference temperature; /(I)The elastic modulus of the test anchor cable;
The time of the accelerated corrosion salt spray test; /(I) Tensile strength of the test cable; /(I)The surface energy of the test anchor cable; /(I)The crack opening distance is set for the test anchor cable according to the set test conditions during the accelerated corrosion salt spray test; /(I)Is the depth of the crack opening.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following formula:
determining crack opening distance of the test anchor cable in the accelerated corrosion salt spray test according to set test conditions ；
Wherein,The corrosion crack propagation sensitivity coefficient of the test anchor cable is set; /(I)The pretightening force applied to the test anchor cable is applied; /(I)Is half of the included angle of the crack opening; /(I)Is the depth of the crack opening; /(I)Root radius of crack opening for the test anchor cable; /(I)Is a Williams eigenvalue;
Poisson's ratio for the test cable; /(I) Is a constant; /(I)Yield strength of the test cable; /(I)The modulus of elasticity of the test cable.
The beneficial effects are that:
In the corrosion salt spray test device of the underground coal mine environment high-pretightening-force anchor cable, the test box body is of a box body structure made of transparent materials, so that the test progress and the test condition can be observed in real time in the test process; the loading unit is made of anti-corrosion materials, so that the loading unit is effectively prevented from being corroded in the test process, and the loading unit comprises: the test anchor cable loading device comprises loading brackets, steel plate trays and loading locks, wherein the number of the loading brackets is 2, the 2 loading brackets are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction according to a preset interval distance, the steel plate trays are respectively arranged at the two ends of the loading brackets, each steel rod tray is respectively and correspondingly provided with one loading lock, and axial pretightening force is applied to the test anchor cable through the loading locks; each loading bracket comprises 2 stainless flat steels and bearing steel rods, the 2 stainless flat steels are arranged in parallel along the front-rear direction, a plurality of bearing steel rods are arranged between the 2 stainless flat steels in parallel, two ends of the stainless flat steels respectively penetrate through the left side plate and the right side plate of the test box body and extend out, and the part of the stainless flat steels extending out of the test box body is supported by the supporting frame, so that the test box body does not bear other loads except self gravity, and the sealing effect of the test box body in the test process is effectively improved; the spraying unit includes the multirow spray pipeline that sets up side by side along the fore-and-aft direction, sets up a plurality of atomizer side by side along the vertical direction on every row spray pipeline, every atomizer stretches into in the test box by the top surface of test box, and the terminal surface of atomizer on the spray pipeline at middle part is located between loading steel pole and the experimental anchor rope, and every left and right sides that loads steel pole sets up a pair of atomizer at least symmetry to, by this, make by atomizer spun atomized solution carry out the omnidirectional erosion to experimental anchor rope, effectively promote experimental effect.
The test device can be used for adjusting the axial pretightening force of the test anchor cable in real time, a plurality of test anchor cables can be tested simultaneously through a plurality of bearing steel bars which are arranged in parallel, and different axial pretightening forces can be applied to each test anchor cable so as to compare the corrosion of the plurality of test anchor cables in the same environment, thereby being beneficial to analyzing the corrosion characteristics, corrosion rules and corrosion mechanical behavior changes of the underground anchor cable of the coal mine under the high pretightening force from a macroscopic scale and a large scale, laying a foundation for the research of corrosion mechanism and having great significance for guiding the safe production of the coal mine.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a corrosion salt spray test device for a high pretightening force anchor cable in a coal mine underground environment according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the test chamber removed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a test chamber provided in accordance with some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a load unit provided according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a load lock according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 6 is an axial cross-sectional view of the load lock of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a pawl provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of crack openings for test cable bolts provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a test box; 2. a spraying unit; 3. a loading unit; 4. an electrically heated strip;
201. a spray conduit; 202. an atomizing nozzle;
301. Stainless flat steel; 302. a load-bearing steel rod; 303. loading a lockset; 304. a steel plate tray; 305. a support frame; 313. a lock fixing part; 323. a lockset telescopic part; 333. a lock claw; 343. elastic tension ring.
Detailed Description
The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. The examples are provided by way of explanation of the application and not limitation of the application. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used on another embodiment to yield still a further embodiment. Accordingly, it is intended that the present application encompass such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
At present, the existing salt spray test device for researching metal corrosion can only develop microscopic and small-scale tests, cannot truly reflect corrosion mechanical behaviors of an anchor cable with a special steel strand structure in underground coal mine environments in a macroscopic view, and the existing salt spray test device for researching metal corrosion can only realize a low-stress loading test on national standard samples, cannot realize a high-pretightening force loading corrosion test on the anchor cable with the special steel strand structure, and cannot realize long-term and real-time online monitoring of stress change and temperature and humidity of the anchor cable with the special steel strand structure in a corrosion process.
Based on the method, the high-pretightening-force anchor cable corrosion salt spray device for the underground environment of the coal mine is provided, so that long-term and real-time online study on the corrosion mechanical behavior of the anchor cable with a special steel strand structure in the underground environment of the coal mine is conveniently carried out, inversion analysis for simulating the corrosion characteristics, corrosion rules and corrosion mechanical behavior changes of the underground anchor cable of the coal mine under the high pretightening force is realized from macroscopic and large scale in a laboratory, a foundation is laid for the rust prevention and corrosion prevention analysis of the underground anchor cable of the coal mine under the high pretightening force and the study on the corrosion mechanism, and the method has great significance for guiding the safe production of the coal mine subsequently.
For convenience of description, in the present application, the longitudinal direction, the width direction, and the height direction of the test chamber 1 are defined as the left-right direction, the front-rear direction, and the vertical direction, respectively. As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the corrosion salt spray test device of the high pretightening force anchor cable in the underground coal mine environment comprises: the test box body 1, the loading unit 3, the spraying unit 2, the heating unit, the ventilation unit and the monitoring unit. The test box body 1 is made of transparent materials, the loading unit 3 is made of anti-corrosion materials, and the loading unit 3 is positioned in the test box body 1 and used for providing pretightening force for the test anchor cable; the spraying unit 2 is used for spraying an etching solution into the test box body 1 so as to enable the test anchor cable to be corroded by the etching solution; the heating unit is used for changing the test temperature of the test anchor cable in the test box body 1, and the ventilation unit is used for changing the environmental gas in the test box body 1; the spraying unit 2, the heating unit and the ventilation unit cooperate together to effectively simulate the real underground coal mine environment and improve the accuracy of test results; the monitoring unit is used for monitoring various data of the test anchor cable in the test process in real time so as to effectively analyze corrosion characteristics, corrosion rules and corrosion mechanical behavior changes of the anchor cable.
In the application, the test box body 1 is of a box body structure made of acrylic material, and the transparent acrylic plate is adhered by a hot melt adhesive rod. Wherein, the roof of test box 1 has seted up the suitable atomizing hole of multirow size along the fore-and-aft direction, and the aperture in atomizing hole and the size looks adaptation of atomizer 202, atomizer 202 stretch into in the test box 1 by the atomizing hole, and block up through the hole sealing foam between atomizing hole and the atomizer 202.
The left side plate and the right side plate of the test box body 1 are respectively provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, and are respectively connected with the ventilation unit through an air inlet hose and an air outlet hose; a liquid discharge hole is formed in the bottom plate of the test box body 1 and is connected with a solution tank filled with corrosive solution through a liquid discharge hose, and corrosion in the test box body 1 easily flows to the solution tank through the liquid discharge hole.
In the present application, the loading unit 3 includes: a loading bracket, a steel plate tray 304 and a loading lock 303. Wherein, the loading support has 2, and 2 loading supports are set up along the vertical direction side by side according to predetermineeing the interval distance, and the both ends of loading support are provided with steel sheet tray 304 respectively, and every steel sheet tray 304 corresponds respectively and sets up a loading tool to lock 303, exerts pretightning force to experimental anchor rope through loading tool to lock 303. The steel plate tray 304 can be fixed at two ends of the loading bracket (such as welded at two ends of the loading bracket), and can be pressed at two ends of the loading bracket when the loading lockset 303 applies axial pretightening force to the test anchor cable.
Each loading bracket comprises 2 stainless flat steels 301 which are arranged in parallel along the front-back direction and a plurality of bearing steel rods 302 which are arranged in parallel along the left-right direction, test anchor cables are arranged between the corresponding bearing steel rods 302 of the upper loading bracket and the lower loading bracket in a penetrating way, and the two ends of the test anchor cables respectively penetrate through steel plate trays 304 at the two ends of the loading bracket and then are applied with pretightening force by a loading lock 303.
Through a plurality of bearing steel bars 302 which are arranged in parallel, a plurality of test anchor cables can be tested simultaneously, and different axial pretightening forces can be applied to each test anchor cable, so that corrosion of the plurality of test anchor cables under the same environment is compared, corrosion characteristics, corrosion rules and corrosion mechanical behavior changes of the underground anchor cables of the coal mine under high pretightening force can be analyzed macroscopically and in a large scale, a foundation is laid for researching corrosion mechanisms, and great significance is provided for guiding coal mine safety production subsequently.
In a specific example, the cross section of the bearing steel rod 302 is H-shaped, and the web of the H-shaped bearing steel rod 302 is arranged along the horizontal direction, so that the pretightening force applied by the loading lock 303 to the test anchor cable is axially transferred to the bearing steel rod 302 through the steel plate tray 304, and is uniformly shared by the upper and lower 2 loading brackets, so that the overall stress effect of the loading unit 3 is effectively improved, and the influence of unbalanced load on the test is further reduced.
Specifically, the formula is as follows:
Determining the actual critical stabilizing force of the load-bearing steel bar 302 . Wherein/>To carry the model critical stabilizing force of steel rod 302,/>The modulus of elasticity of the material that is the load-bearing steel bar 302; /(I)Longitudinal moment of inertia for carrying steel rod 302; /(I)To bear the length factor of the steel bar,/>；/>For carrying the length of the steel bar 302; /(I)To carry the stability factor of the steel rod 302.
The stability factor of the load-bearing steel bar 302 is determined by the flexibility of the load-bearing steel bar 302 because the critical stress of the load-bearing steel bar 302 is reduced due to the possible disadvantages of initial curvature, eccentricity of the load-bearing steel bar 302, and residual stress caused by rolling, cutting, welding, etc. Specifically, the formula is as follows:
Determining compliance of load-bearing steel bar 302 . In the/>To carry the radius of inertia of the steel rod 302. Then, the stability coefficient/>, is correspondingly determined through a stability coefficient table of the bearing steel rod。
In the present application, the loading lock 303 includes: lock fixing portion 313, lock telescoping portion 323, and lock claw 333. The lock fixing portion 313 is an annular cavity structure, one end of the annular cavity structure is opened, the other end of the annular cavity structure is closed, the opening end is sealed in a threaded connection manner through a lock end cover, and a mounting conical hole is formed in the sealed end along the axial direction. The lock fixing portion 313 is provided with a first lock hole penetrating along the axial direction, the outer side wall of the annular cavity structure is provided with a corresponding oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole, and the oil inlet hole and the oil outlet hole are communicated with the annular cavity structure.
The lock telescopic part 323 is sleeved in the annular cavity structure and divides the annular cavity structure into a large cavity and a small cavity, wherein the large cavity is communicated with the oil inlet hole, and the small cavity is communicated with the oil outlet hole. In a specific example, the oil inlet pipeline of the oil inlet hole and the oil outlet pipeline of the oil outlet hole extend out of the test box body 1 and are controlled by a hydraulic system. Specifically, an oil inlet pipe hole and an oil outlet pipe hole are respectively formed in the left side plate and the right side plate of the test box body 1; wherein, the loading unit 3 end is respectively provided with an oil inlet pipe hole and an oil outlet pipe hole correspondingly. That is, the plurality of loading locks 303 at the front end of the loading unit 3 share one oil inlet pipe hole and one oil outlet pipe hole; the plurality of loading locks 303 at the rear end of the loading unit 3 share one oil inlet pipe hole and one oil outlet pipe hole.
The lock expansion part 323 is provided with a second lock hole which is penetrated along the axial direction, the second lock hole is coaxial with the first lock hole, and the radial dimension is not more than the first lock hole and not less than the diameter of the test anchor cable.
The lock claw 333 is tapered, and is located in a tapered hole axially formed at one end of the lock fixing portion 313, and a third lock hole coaxial with the first lock hole and the second lock hole is axially formed on the lock claw 333. Wherein, the third lockhole is internally provided with a meshing part. The test anchor cable passes through the first lock hole, the second lock hole and the third lock hole, the test anchor cable is clenched through the occlusion part of the third lock hole, and when the lockset telescopic part 323 extends outwards, the axial pretightening force can be applied to the test anchor cable.
In a specific example, the lock claw 333 is a multi-lobe type combined structure, and the lock claw 333 is formed by combining a plurality of locking plates, so as to effectively improve the dismounting efficiency of the lock claw 333 and the test cable. By the engagement of the tapered surface of the lock claw 333 with the tapered hole, the lock claw 333 has a tendency to move axially inward of the tapered hole when the lock expansion 323 is extended outward, thereby gradually locking the test cable.
At one end of the lock claw 333 away from the lock fixing portion 313, i.e. the tapered large end of the lock claw 333, an annular clamping groove is circumferentially provided, and an elastic tension ring 343 is installed in the annular clamping groove. The elastic tension ring 343 is used for applying radial pretightening force to the locking plates, so that the locking plates can tightly hold the test anchor cable, the locking plates are prevented from falling off, and the biting effect of the lock claw 333 on the test anchor cable is further improved.
In the present application, the spraying unit 2 includes: a micro water pump, a spray pipe 201 and a spray timer. The micro water pump is connected with the solution tank and the spray pipeline 201 through a spray hose, and conveys the corrosive solution in the solution tank to the spray pipeline 201. And the miniature water pump is controlled by a spraying timer to spray the water into the test box 1 according to the set spraying conditions.
Wherein, spray pipeline 201 has the multirow, and along fore-and-aft direction parallel arrangement, sets up a plurality of atomizer 202 along the vertical direction side by side on every row of spray pipeline 201, and every atomizer 202 all stretches into in the test box 1 through the atomizing hole on the roof of test box 1. In an application scene, the spray pipeline 201 has 3 rows, and 2 rows of spray pipelines 201 are close to the front and back panel of test box 1 around, and the spray pipeline 201 of middle one row is located the middle part of test box 1, and the terminal surface of atomizer 202 on the spray pipeline 201 of middle one row is located between loading steel pole 302 and the test anchor rope, sprays corrosion solution to the test anchor rope that is located the loading steel pole 302 below above, and the both sides of every loading steel pole 302 set up a pair of atomizer 202 at least symmetrically, by this, make by atomizer 202 spun atomizing corrosion solution carry out the omnidirectional erosion to test anchor rope, effectively promote test effect.
Wherein, according to the formula:
the relative position between the atomizer 202 and the test cable is determined. In the method, in the process of the invention, Is the vertical distance between the atomizing nozzle 202 and the test anchor cable; /(I)A preset interval distance between 2 loading brackets; /(I)Is the horizontal distance between the atomizer 202 and the test anchor; /(I)Is the spray angle of the atomizer 202; /(I)To test the length of the tensioned segment of the cable, i.e. the horizontal spacing between 2 stainless steel flats 301 (length of the load-bearing steel rod 302)/>。
It should be noted that the distance between two adjacent atomizer heads 202 is equal to the horizontal distance between the atomizer heads 202 and the test cable; That is, on the same spray pipe 201, a plurality of atomizing nozzles 202 are positioned between two adjacent bearing steel rods 302, and the distance between two adjacent bearing steel rods is/>. Therefore, the atomization of the atomization nozzle is fully ensured to fully cover the whole surface of the test anchor cable, and the erosion test effect is effectively improved.
In the present application, the monitoring unit includes: wireless dynamometer and wireless humiture monitor. The wireless dynamometer is located between the loading lock 303 and the steel plate supporting plate, and a plurality of vibrating wire strain gauges are uniformly distributed on the wireless dynamometer. Specifically, two ends of a force measuring steel cylinder of the wireless force measuring meter are respectively abutted with the steel plate tray 304 and the lockset telescopic part 323, a plurality of vibrating wire type strain gauges are uniformly distributed in the force measuring steel cylinder, when the lockset telescopic part 323 stretches out, the force measuring steel cylinder generates axial deformation, the vibrating wire type strain gauges and the force measuring steel cylinder synchronously deform, the deformation enables the vibrating wires of the vibrating wire type strain gauges to generate stress change, so that the vibration frequency of the vibrating wires is changed, and a vibration frequency signal is transmitted to the reading meter, so that the strain quantity of the deformation of the force measuring steel cylinder can be measured. And further, the load value received by the test anchor cable can be calculated by using the calibration coefficient.
The wireless temperature and humidity monitor is arranged on the test box body 1, and a monitoring probe of the wireless temperature and humidity monitor stretches into the test box body 1 to monitor the test environment temperature and the test environment humidity of the test anchor cable in real time. The real-time online measurement, transmission and recording of the test data of the test anchor cable can be realized through the wireless temperature and humidity monitor and the wireless dynamometer, so that the corrosion characteristics, corrosion rules and corrosion mechanical behavior changes of the test anchor cable under high pretightening force can be monitored conveniently. Meanwhile, the monitoring unit can realize the synchronization of the data of a plurality of test anchor cables, lays a foundation for the research of corrosion mechanism of the test anchor cables under different conditions, and has great significance for guiding the safety production of coal mines subsequently.
In the application, the heating unit comprises an electric heating strip 4 and a timing heating setting device, wherein the electric heating strip 4 is adhered along the internal side line of the test box body 1 and is controlled by the timing heating setting device so as to adjust the experimental temperature in the test box body 1 according to the experimental conditions. The test box body 1 is provided with a wire through hole, so that an electrified interface of the heating strip extends out of the test box body 1 and is connected with the timing heating setting device.
In the present application, a ventilation unit includes: the air exchange timing switch setting device, the air exchange fan, the air filter and the air purifier. The ventilator is connected with the air inlet hole through an air inlet hose and is controlled by the ventilation timing switch setting device; the air purifier is connected with the exhaust hole through the exhaust hose, and the exhaust hose is provided with the gas filter, so that in the test process, the turbid gas in the test box body 1 is exhausted, and the test box body 1 is ventilated according to test conditions. And the turbid gas in the test box body 1 is discharged after being filtered and purified by the gas filter and the air purifier, so that the environmental protection index of the test is improved.
The embodiment of the application also provides a corrosion salt spray test method of the underground coal mine environment high-pretightening force anchor cable, which adopts any one of the corrosion salt spray test devices of the underground coal mine environment high-pretightening force anchor cable to simultaneously perform an accelerated corrosion salt spray test on a plurality of test anchor cables, and comprises the following steps:
Firstly, respectively installing left and right side plates of the test box body 1 at two ends of stainless flat steel 301 of the built loading bracket, and supporting the loading bracket through a supporting frame 305; then, the top plate and the bottom plate of the test box body 1 are respectively stuck to the left side plate and the right side plate of the test box body 1 through a hot melt adhesive rod; and the test anchor cable passes through the 2 loading brackets along the front-back direction, and pretightening force is applied to the test anchor cable through the loading lockset 303; then, respectively sticking an electric heating strip 4 on the internal side line of the test box body 1, and sticking the front panel and the rear panel of the test box body 1; the two ends of the test anchor cable respectively penetrate through the front panel and the rear panel of the test box body 1; finally, a spraying unit 2 is arranged on the top plate of the test box body 1, after the test anchor cable, the atomizing nozzle 202, the stainless flat steel 301 and the test box body 1 are sealed through hole sealing foam, the test anchor cable is subjected to accelerated corrosion salt spray test according to set test conditions. Before the test, a plurality of anchor cable samples with preset lengths are cut from the original ore anchor cable, and the anchor cable samples are subjected to rust removal by acid washing and then water washing and drying.
In the application, the stainless flat steel 301 and the bearing steel rod 302 are welded, and the welded 2 loading brackets are vertically aligned and stacked, and the 2 loading brackets are divided into 10 cm intervals through the supporting blocks. The test anchor cable passes through the middle of the 2 loading brackets, the front end and the rear end of the test anchor cable are respectively provided with a wireless dynamometer and a loading lock 303, the test anchor cable is snapped by the loading lock 303, and an axial pretightening force is applied to stretch the test anchor cable to a high pretightening force state (such as 200 kilonewtons), so that a high pretightening force supporting state of the underground anchor cable of the coal mine is simulated.
And sealing and assembling the corresponding positions of the transparent acrylic plates by adopting high-temperature-resistant glue, and in the process, adhering the electric heating strips 4 on the positions of 12 sealing edges of the transparent acrylic plates by using the high-temperature-resistant glue, and connecting the electric heating strips to a timing heating setting device and a power supply to form a timing heating system. Meanwhile, the wireless temperature and humidity monitor is fixed (for example, stuck) inside the test box body 1, so that the test environment temperature and the test environment humidity in the test box body 1 can be monitored in real time and on line. Here, it should be noted that the front and rear panels of the test box 1 may be designed as a turnover structure, so that the test box 1 may be reused; sealing structures are designed at the joint of each acrylic plate, and the hole sealing foam is used for sealing the hole opening matching parts on the test box body 1, so that the sealing and testing effects of the test box body 1 are further improved.
The air inlet hose and the air outlet hose are used for respectively connecting the ventilating fan, the air filter and the air purifier with the test box body 1, the power supply and the ventilating timing switch are connected through the guiding and the ventilating fan, and the turbid gas in the test box body 1 is blown to the air purifier through the air filter by blowing in the test box body 1 through ventilating, so that the test box body 1 is discharged, and the ventilating function is realized.
The prepared corrosion solution is placed in a solution tank, a power supply, a spraying timing switch setting device and a miniature water pump are connected through wires, meanwhile, the water inlet and outlet of the miniature water pump are respectively connected with a spraying pipeline 201 and the solution tank through a spraying hose, and the solution tank is communicated with a drain hole of a test box body 1 through a drain hose. The end of the spraying hose connected with the solution tank is provided with a liquid filter, and the liquid filter is positioned in the solution tank so as to filter impurities of the corrosive solution pumped by the micro water pump.
According to the application, a ventilation timing switch setter is set to conduct electrifying ventilation for 1 minute every 8 hours according to set test conditions, and ventilation is finished by automatic power-off; the heating timing switch setting device is set to electrify and heat for 5 minutes every 5 minutes so as to keep the test environment temperature in the test box body 1 constant at about 20 ℃, and the heating is finished and the power is automatically cut off; the spraying timing switch setting device is set to conduct electrifying spraying for 1 minute every 30 minutes, and automatic power-off is finished after spraying.
Under the long-term salt spray environment condition of the atomizing nozzle 202, the surface of the test anchor cable forms iron oxide rapidly to form a thick repair layer, the thick repair layer uniformly covers the surface of the anchor cable, and part of rust layer flows down along the cable body under the action of salt spray water flow and adheres to the bottom to form drop-shaped rust. As the rust layer expands, the non-uniformity and roughness of the surface of the anchor cable are increased, so that small cracks appear on the surface of the anchor cable. Specifically, the formula is as follows:
Determining crack opening distance of test anchor cable in accelerated corrosion salt spray test according to set test conditions 。
Wherein,The corrosion crack propagation sensitivity coefficient of the test anchor cable; /(I)The pretightening force applied to the test anchor cable is used; /(I)Is half of the included angle of the crack opening; /(I)The depth of the crack opening can be determined by a screw micrometer; /(I)The root radius of the crack opening of the test anchor cable is determined by a three-dimensional scanning technology and an electron microscope scanning technology; /(I)Is a Williams eigenvalue; /(I)Poisson ratio of the test anchor cable; /(I)Is a constant, and takes a value of 1 to 1.5; /(I)To test the yield strength of the anchor cable; /(I)To test the elastic modulus of the cable.
Under the combined action of transverse stretching with high pretightening force and rapid salt spray corrosion, the anchor cable generates stress corrosion, so that crack expansion is accelerated, and along with the expansion of corrosion cracks, the effective bearing area of the anchor cable is reduced, so that the bearing capacity of the anchor cable is reduced. Specifically, the formula is as follows:
Determining pretightening force loss of test anchor cable under load temperature change when test anchor cable is subjected to accelerated corrosion salt spray test according to set test conditions And total loss of pretension of test cable/s-；
Wherein,The length of the stretching section of the test anchor cable; /(I)The expansion coefficient of the material of the anchor cable is tested; /(I)The test temperature of the test anchor cable in the accelerated corrosion salt spray test is used for testing the test temperature of the anchor cable in the accelerated corrosion salt spray test; /(I)Is the reference temperature; /(I)The elastic modulus of the anchor cable is tested; /(I)To accelerate the time of the corrosion salt spray test; /(I)To test the tensile strength of the anchor cable; /(I)To test the surface energy of the cable, it is determined by contact angle measurement techniques.
The corrosion salt spray test device for the underground coal mine environment high-pretightening force anchor cable is used for simultaneously carrying out accelerated corrosion salt spray test on a plurality of test anchor cables, so that the corrosion environment of the underground coal mine anchor cable under the high pretightening force can be simulated, the corrosion of the plurality of test anchor cables under the same environment can be compared, the analysis of the corrosion characteristics, the corrosion rules and the corrosion mechanical behavior change of the underground coal mine anchor cable under the high pretightening force under the macroscopic and large-scale conditions is facilitated, a foundation is laid for the research of corrosion mechanism, and the method has great significance for guiding the safe production of coal mines.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. Corrosion salt spray test device of colliery in pit environment high pretightning force anchor rope, its characterized in that includes: the test box body, the loading unit and the spraying unit;
The test box body is of a box body structure made of transparent materials;
The loading unit is made of anti-corrosion materials and comprises: the loading bracket, the steel plate tray and the loading lockset; the number of the loading brackets is2, the 2 loading brackets are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction according to a preset interval distance, and the two ends of the loading brackets are respectively provided with the steel plate tray; each steel plate tray is correspondingly provided with one loading lock, and the loading locks are used for applying pretightening force to the test anchor cable;
The loading stand includes: the stainless steel plate comprises 2 stainless steel plates and a plurality of bearing steel rods, wherein the 2 stainless steel plates are arranged in parallel along the front-back direction, and a plurality of bearing steel rods are arranged between the 2 stainless steel plates in parallel; the left end and the right end of the stainless flat steel penetrate through the test box body respectively and extend out, and the part of the stainless flat steel extending out of the test box body is supported by a supporting frame;
The spraying unit comprises a plurality of rows of spraying pipelines which are arranged in parallel along the front-back direction, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are arranged on each row of spraying pipelines in parallel along the length direction; each atomizing nozzle extends into the test box body from the top surface of the test box body, the end face of each atomizing nozzle on the spraying pipeline in the middle is located between the bearing steel rod and the test anchor cable, and at least one pair of atomizing nozzles are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of each bearing steel rod.
2. The corrosion salt spray test device of the high pretightening force anchor cable in the underground coal mine environment according to claim 1, wherein the loading lock comprises: the lock comprises a lock fixing part, a lock telescopic part and a lock claw;
The lock fixing part is of an annular cavity structure, a first through lock hole is formed in the lock fixing part along the axial direction, and the side wall of the lock fixing part is provided with a corresponding oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole which are communicated with the annular cavity structure;
The lock telescopic part is sleeved in the annular cavity structure and can axially move in an extending mode in the annular cavity structure, and a through second lock hole is axially formed in the lock telescopic part;
The lock claw is conical and is positioned in a conical hole axially arranged at one end of the lock fixing part, and a third lock hole is axially formed in the lock claw; the lock claw is of a multi-piece type combined structure, and an engagement part is axially arranged in the third lock hole.
3. The corrosion salt spray test device of the underground coal mine environment high-pretightening force anchor cable according to claim 2, wherein an annular groove is formed in one end, away from the lock fixing part, of the side wall of the lock claw along the circumferential direction, and an elastic tensioning ring is arranged in the annular groove.
4. The corrosion salt spray test device of the underground coal mine environment high pretightening force anchor cable according to claim 1, wherein the corrosion salt spray test device is characterized by the following formula:
Determining the relative position between the atomizing nozzle and the test anchor cable;
Wherein, The vertical distance between the atomizing nozzle and the test anchor cable is set; /(I)A preset interval distance between 2 loading brackets; /(I)The horizontal distance between the atomizing nozzle and the test anchor cable is set; /(I)The spraying angle of the atomizing nozzle is; /(I)And the length of the stretching section of the test anchor cable is as follows.
5. The corrosion salt spray test device of the underground coal mine environment high pretightening force anchor cable according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the bearing steel rod is H-shaped, and the web plate of the H-shaped bearing steel rod is arranged along the horizontal direction;
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
The test box body is formed by sticking transparent acrylic plates through a hot melt adhesive rod, and electric heating strips are respectively stuck on the internal side lines of the test box body;
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
The test anchor cable, the atomizing nozzle, the stainless flat steel and the test box are sealed by hole sealing foam.
6. The corrosion salt spray test device of the high pretightening force anchor cable for the underground coal mine environment according to claim 1, further comprising: the monitoring unit comprises a wireless dynamometer, wherein the wireless dynamometer is positioned between the loading lockset and the steel plate tray, and a plurality of vibrating wire strain gauges are uniformly distributed on the wireless dynamometer.
7. The corrosion salt spray test device of a coal mine downhole environment high pretightening force anchor cable according to claim 6, wherein the monitoring unit further comprises: the wireless temperature and humidity monitor is arranged on the test box body, and a monitoring probe of the wireless temperature and humidity monitor stretches into the test box body so as to monitor the test environment temperature and the test environment humidity of the test anchor cable in real time.
8. The corrosion salt spray test method for the underground coal mine environment high-pretightening force anchor cable is characterized in that the corrosion salt spray test device for the underground coal mine environment high-pretightening force anchor cable is adopted to simultaneously perform an accelerated corrosion salt spray test on a plurality of test anchor cables, and the test method comprises the following steps:
the left side plate and the right side plate of the test box body are respectively arranged at two ends of the stainless steel of the built loading bracket, and the loading bracket is supported by a supporting frame;
The top plate and the bottom plate of the test box body are respectively stuck to the left side plate and the right side plate of the test box body through hot melt adhesive rods;
the test anchor cable passes through the 2 loading brackets along the front-back direction, and pretightening force is applied to the test anchor cable through a loading lockset;
Respectively sticking electric heating strips on the internal side lines of the test box body, and sticking the front panel and the rear panel of the test box body; the two ends of the test anchor cable respectively penetrate through the front panel and the rear panel of the test box body;
and after the top plate of the test box body is provided with the spraying unit and the test anchor cable, the atomization nozzle, the stainless flat steel and the test box body are sealed by the hole sealing foam, the test anchor cable is subjected to an accelerated corrosion salt spray test according to set test conditions.
9. The method for testing corrosion salt spray of a high pretightening force anchor cable in a coal mine underground environment according to claim 8, further comprising:
According to the formula:
Determining pretightening force loss of the test anchor cable under load temperature change when the test anchor cable is subjected to accelerated corrosion salt spray test according to set test conditions And the total loss of pretension of the test anchor cable/>；
Wherein,The length of the stretching section of the test anchor cable is the length of the stretching section of the test anchor cable; /(I)The expansion coefficient of the material of the test anchor cable is the expansion coefficient of the material of the test anchor cable; /(I)The test temperature of the test anchor cable in the accelerated corrosion salt spray test is set; /(I)Is the reference temperature; /(I)The elastic modulus of the test anchor cable;
The time of the accelerated corrosion salt spray test; /(I) Tensile strength of the test cable; /(I)The surface energy of the test anchor cable; /(I)The crack opening distance is set for the test anchor cable according to the set test conditions during the accelerated corrosion salt spray test; /(I)Is the depth of the crack opening.
10. The method for testing corrosion salt spray of a high pretightening force anchor cable in a coal mine underground environment according to claim 9, further comprising:
According to the formula:
determining crack opening distance of the test anchor cable in the accelerated corrosion salt spray test according to set test conditions ；
Wherein,The corrosion crack propagation sensitivity coefficient of the test anchor cable is set; /(I)The pretightening force applied to the test anchor cable is applied; /(I)Is half of the included angle of the crack opening; /(I)A depth of the crack opening; /(I)Root radius of crack opening for the test anchor cable; /(I)Is a Williams eigenvalue;
Poisson's ratio for the test cable; /(I) Is a constant; /(I)Yield strength of the test cable; /(I)The modulus of elasticity of the test cable.
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| CN114739892A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-12 | 山西潞安集团余吾煤业有限责任公司 | An impact test device for an anchor rod or an anchor cable in a corrosive environment and its operation method |
| CN116754375A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-15 | 东南大学 | Steel wire stretch bending shear torsion fatigue-corrosion-abrasion coupling test device for bridge |
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| US4198865A (en) * | 1978-07-24 | 1980-04-22 | Energy & Minerals Research Co. | Apparatus and method of monitoring anchored bolts |
| CN106872343A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of internal balance type prestress anchorage cable stress corrosion (cracking) test system and its test method |
| CN108362631A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-08-03 | 河南理工大学 | Anchor pole or anchor cable corrosion resistance experimental rig and its test method |
| CN114739892A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-12 | 山西潞安集团余吾煤业有限责任公司 | An impact test device for an anchor rod or an anchor cable in a corrosive environment and its operation method |
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