CN118123524A - Frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center, comprising a base, a cradle mechanism, a feeding system and a spindle box; the cradle mechanism is connected to the base and is used to drive a workpiece to swing and rotate; the feeding system comprises a connected X-axis driving mechanism, a Y-axis driving mechanism and a Z-axis driving mechanism, the X-axis driving mechanism is connected to the base, and the spindle box is connected to the Z-axis driving mechanism; the base comprises a first frame with a first through hole, the X-axis driving mechanism comprises a connected X-axis driving device and a second frame, the second frame is always located in the first through hole when moving along the X-axis, the second frame has a second through hole, the Y-axis driving mechanism is connected to the second frame, and the Y-axis driving mechanism and the Z-axis driving mechanism are simultaneously located in the first through hole and the second through hole; the application solves the technical problems of unstable structure and low machining efficiency of the five-axis horizontal machining center in the prior art when working.

Description

A frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular to a frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center.

Background technique

The five-axis horizontal machining center can complete the machining of complex curved parts in one clamping process because the machining tool on it has five-axis freedom. At present, it has become a key basic equipment for the equipment manufacturing industry and the rapid development of advanced national defense weapons and equipment. The feed system of the existing five-axis horizontal machining center mostly adopts a rectangular frame layout. For example, the authorization announcement number CN218746156U provides a five-axis horizontal machining center with an inclined arrangement of linear motion axis system. The three linear modules of this machining center are integrated in the same rectangular frame, and each linear module adopts a ball screw drive method. However, the driving speed of the above five-axis horizontal machining center is insufficient, the moving speed is slow, and the production and processing efficiency is low; increasing the movement speed of the linear module is likely to cause unstable structural operation, thereby reducing the accuracy of movement and the accuracy of the processed workpiece. Therefore, how to provide a five-axis horizontal machining center with both high precision and high efficiency is a problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center, which mainly solves the technical problems of structural instability and low machining efficiency of the five-axis horizontal machining center in the prior art during operation.

To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center, comprising a base, a cradle mechanism, a feed system and a spindle box;

The cradle mechanism is connected to the base and is used to drive the workpiece to perform rocking and rotational motions;

The feeding system comprises an X-axis driving mechanism, a Y-axis driving mechanism and a Z-axis driving mechanism which are connected in sequence, the X-axis driving mechanism is mounted on the base, and the spindle box is mounted on the Z-axis driving mechanism;

The base includes a first frame having a first through hole extending therethrough, the X-axis driving mechanism includes a connected X-axis driving device and a second frame, the X-axis driving device is used to drive the second frame to move linearly along the X-axis, and the second frame is always located in the first through hole when moving along the X-axis, the second frame has a second through hole extending therethrough, the Y-axis driving mechanism is connected to the second frame, and the Z-axis driving mechanism is located in both the first through hole and the second through hole.

In one of the technical solutions, the X-axis driving device drives the second frame to move linearly along the horizontal X-axis, so as to drive the Y-axis driving mechanism, the Z-axis driving mechanism and the spindle box to move linearly along the horizontal X-axis;

The Y-axis driving mechanism drives the Z-axis driving mechanism and the spindle box to move linearly along the Y-axis in the vertical direction;

The Z-axis driving mechanism drives the Z-axis of the spindle box to move linearly in the front-rear direction.

In one of the technical solutions, the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis are perpendicular to each other.

In one of the technical solutions, the X-axis drive mechanism and the Y-axis drive mechanism are both linear motors, and the Z-axis drive mechanism is a screw assembly.

In one of the technical solutions, the cradle mechanism includes a rocker arm, a rotating table, two support seats and two rotating motors; the two support seats are fixed on the base, the rocker arm is rotatably connected to the two support seats respectively, and one rotating motor is fixed on each of the two support seats, the rotating motor is connected to the rocker arm and is used to drive the rocker arm to make a rocking motion, and the rotating table is connected to the rocker arm and is used to drive the workpiece to make a rotational motion.

In one of the technical solutions, the base also includes a support frame and at least two support rods. The support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first frame and is located on the side of the first frame facing away from the cradle mechanism. The two support rods are respectively fixedly connected to the support frame and the first frame. The two support rods are arranged at an angle so that the two support rods are respectively arranged together with the support frame and the first frame to form a stable triangular structure.

In one of the technical solutions, the first frame includes an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam and two columns;

The two columns are respectively connected to the upper beam and the lower beam, the upper beam, the lower beam and the two columns are jointly arranged so that the first frame forms a rectangular frame structure with the first through hole, and the two support frames are respectively fixedly connected to a corresponding column.

In one of the technical solutions, the X-axis driving device of the X-axis driving mechanism is connected to the back side of the upper beam facing away from the cradle mechanism, the back side of the upper beam and the back side of the lower beam are both fixed with a first guide rail, and the second frame is slidably connected to the first guide rail.

In one of the technical solutions, the Y-axis driving mechanism is located both in the first through hole and in the second through hole, and the Y-axis driving mechanism is fixed on the inner side wall of the second through hole.

In one of the technical solutions, a balancing cylinder is connected to the second frame, an output end of the balancing cylinder is connected to the Z-axis driving mechanism, and the balancing cylinder is used to apply an upward force to the Z-axis driving mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

During machining, the feed system provides three-axis movement for the spindle box, and the cradle mechanism provides two-axis movement for the workpiece, so that the machining center of the present invention can perform five-axis machining on the workpiece, and further enables the machining center of the present invention to complete the machining of precision and complex curved surface parts;

Specifically, the second frame in the X-axis drive mechanism in the machining center of the present invention is located in the first through hole of the base, and the Z-axis drive mechanism in the machining center of this scheme is arranged in the first through hole of the first frame and the second through hole of the second frame at the same time, that is, the Z-axis drive mechanism of the machining center of this scheme is arranged in a frame-in-frame structure, thereby improving the overall rigidity of the machining center, and then when the driving speed of the X-axis drive mechanism, the Y-axis drive mechanism and the Z-axis drive mechanism are increased, the high stability, high precision and high safety of the spindle box during the machining process can still be ensured.

To sum up, compared with the traditional five-axis horizontal machining center, the machining center of the present invention significantly improves the moving speed of the spindle box, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the workpiece. In addition, due to the high stability of the machining center, the machining accuracy of the workpiece can also be improved. The overall structure of the machining center is also compactly arranged, making full use of the space, which can reduce the overall volume and floor space.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of the frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center shown in FIG1 at another angle;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center shown in FIG. 1 .

Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:

1. base; 11. first frame; 111. upper beam; 112. lower beam; 113. column; 114. first through hole; 12. support frame; 13. support rod; 14. first guide rail;

2. cradle mechanism; 21. rocker arm; 22. rotating table; 23. support base; 24. rotating motor;

3. Feed system; 31. X-axis driving mechanism; 311. X-axis driving device; 312. Second frame; 3121. Second through hole; 313. Second guide rail; 32. Y-axis driving mechanism; 33. Z-axis driving mechanism; 4. Spindle box; 5. Balance cylinder.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by this application more clearly understood, this application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

It should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", and "outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 together. This embodiment provides a frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center, which mainly includes a base 1, a cradle mechanism 2, a feeding system 3 and a spindle box 4.

The cradle mechanism 2 is connected to the base 1. The cradle mechanism 2 is a prior art. The cradle mechanism 2 is used to clamp the workpiece and drive the workpiece to swing and rotate. The cradle mechanism 2 specifically includes a rocker arm 21, a rotating table 22, two support seats 23 and two rotating motors 24. The two support seats 23 are fixed to the base 1. The rocker arm 21 is rotatably connected to the two support seats 23 respectively. Each support seat 23 is connected to the above-mentioned rotating motor 24. The two rotating motors 24 are connected to the rocker arm 21 and are used to jointly drive the rocker arm 21 to swing relative to the support seat 23. The support seat 23 is used to support the end of the rocker arm 21 to improve the accuracy of the swing and rotation of the rocker arm 21. The rotating table 22 is connected to the rocker arm 21, that is, the rotating table 22 swings with the rocker arm 21. The rotating table 22 is used to fix the workpiece and drive the workpiece to rotate. The axis of the rotating table 22 driving the workpiece to rotate and the axis of the swing and rotation of the rocker arm 21 are not colinear, so that the cradle mechanism 2 can drive the workpiece to move in two degrees of freedom of rotation.

Among them, the feeding system 3 specifically includes an X-axis driving mechanism 31, a Y-axis driving mechanism 32 and a Z-axis driving mechanism 33 which are connected in sequence, and the spindle box 4 is connected to the Z-axis driving mechanism 33. Specifically, the X-axis driving mechanism 31 is used to drive the Y-axis driving mechanism 32, the Z-axis driving mechanism 33 and the spindle box 4 to move linearly along the horizontal X-axis; the Y-axis driving mechanism 32 is used to drive the Z-axis driving mechanism 33 and the spindle box 4 to move linearly along the Y-axis in the up and down directions; the Z-axis driving mechanism 33 is used to drive the spindle box 4 to move linearly along the Z-axis in the front and back directions. In other words, the spindle box 4 can perform three-axis motion under the linkage drive of the X-axis driving mechanism 31, the Y-axis driving mechanism 32 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 33. Combined with the cradle mechanism 2 with two rotational degrees of freedom, the tool clamped on the spindle box 4 can perform five-axis machining on the workpiece to complete the machining of precision and complex curved surface parts. In this embodiment, the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are preferably designed to be perpendicular to each other in pairs, so as to simplify the control algorithm of the three-axis movement of the spindle box 4 driven by the X-axis driving mechanism 31, the Y-axis driving mechanism 32 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 33.

In this embodiment, the base 1 includes a first frame 11, which has a first through hole 114 extending therethrough, and the X-axis driving mechanism 31 specifically includes a connected X-axis driving device 311 and a second frame 312, the second frame 312 being located in the first through hole 114, the X-axis driving device 311 being used to drive the second frame 312 to move linearly along the X-axis, the above-mentioned Y-axis driving mechanism 32 being connected to the second frame 312, the second frame 312 being always located in the first through hole 114 when moving along the X-axis, the second frame 312 being provided with a second through hole 3121 extending therethrough, the Y-axis driving mechanism 32 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 33 being located both in the first through hole 114 and in the second through hole 3121. Specifically, through such a design, the Y-axis drive mechanism 32 and the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 of the machining center of this scheme are arranged in a frame-in-frame structure, thereby improving the overall rigidity of the machining center. When the driving speed of the X-axis drive mechanism 31, the Y-axis drive mechanism 32 and the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 is increased, the high stability, high precision and high safety of the spindle box 4 during the machining process can still be ensured.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned X-axis drive mechanism 31 and Y-axis drive mechanism 32 are preferably linear motors to further improve the driving speed and motion accuracy of the spindle box 4 in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 is preferably a high-precision screw linear module.

In this embodiment, the base 1 also includes a support frame 12 and at least two support rods 13. The support frame 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first frame 11, and the support frame 12 is located on the side of the first frame 11 facing away from the cradle mechanism 2. The two support rods 13 are fixedly connected to the support frame 12 and the first frame 11, respectively, and the two support rods 13 are arranged at an angle, so that the two support rods 13 are respectively arranged together with the support frame 12 and the first frame 11 to form a stable triangular structure, thereby further improving the overall rigidity of the base 1, and further improving the stability and machining accuracy of the machining center during operation.

In this embodiment, the first frame 11 specifically includes an upper crossbeam 111, a lower crossbeam 112 and two columns 113. The two columns 113 are respectively connected to the upper crossbeam 111 and the lower crossbeam 112, so that the first frame 11 forms a rectangular frame structure, and the above-mentioned first through hole 114 is formed in the middle of the first frame 11. The above-mentioned two support rods 13 are respectively fixedly connected to a corresponding column 113, thereby improving the overall rigidity and stability of the base 1.

In this embodiment, the X-axis driving device 311 of the X-axis driving mechanism 31 is fixed on the back side of the upper beam 111 facing away from the cradle mechanism 2, and the back side of the upper beam 111 and the back side of the lower beam 112 are fixed with the first guide rail 14, the length direction of the first guide rail 14 points to the X-axis, and the second frame 312 in the X-axis driving mechanism 31 and the first guide rail 14 are connected by a slider to achieve a sliding connection between the two. By simultaneously arranging the first guide rail 14 on the upper beam 111 and the lower beam 112, the stability and accuracy of the movement of the second frame 312 along the X-axis can be improved.

In this embodiment, the Y-axis driving mechanism 32 is fixed on the inner wall of the second through hole 3121, and the second guide rails 313 are fixed on the two inner walls of the second through hole 3121 and the outer wall in front of the second frame 312. The length direction of the second guide rails 313 points to the Y-axis, and the Z-axis driving mechanism 33 is slidably connected to the second guide rails 313. By simultaneously arranging the second guide rails 313 on the two inner walls of the second through hole 3121, the stability and accuracy of the Z-axis driving mechanism 33 moving along the Y-axis relative to the second frame 312 can be improved.

In this embodiment, a balancing cylinder 5 is connected to the second frame 312, and the cylinder body of the balancing cylinder 5 is fixed on the second frame 312. The output end of the balancing cylinder 5 is connected to the Z-axis drive mechanism 33. When gas is pumped into the balancing cylinder 5, the balancing cylinder 5 applies an upward force to the Z-axis drive mechanism 33. This force can reduce the load of the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 and the spindle box 4 on the Y-axis drive mechanism 32. Theoretically, the magnitude of this force is as equal to the total weight of the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 and the spindle box 4 as possible, so that the load borne by the Y-axis drive mechanism 32 is approximately equal to 0, so as to further improve the stability of the three-axis movement of the spindle box 4, and at the same time further improve the movement speed and processing accuracy of the three-axis movement of the spindle box 4.

In summary, the Y-axis drive mechanism 32 and the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 of the machining center of the present invention are arranged in a frame-in-frame structure, thereby improving the overall rigidity of the machining center, and then when the driving speed of the X-axis drive mechanism 31, the Y-axis drive mechanism 32 and the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 is increased, the high stability, high precision and high safety of the spindle box 4 during the machining process can still be ensured. In addition, the present solution also adopts an auxiliary support of a support frame 12 and a double support rod 13, thereby further improving the overall rigidity of the machining center and further improving the stability and safety of the spindle box 4 during the machining process. Moreover, the present invention balances the total weight of the Z-axis drive mechanism 33 and the spindle box 4 by setting a balancing cylinder 5 to further improve the stability and safety of the high-speed operation of the feed system 3. Compared with the traditional five-axis horizontal machining center, the machining center of the present invention adopts the driving mode of linear motors for both the X-axis drive mechanism 31 and the Y-axis drive mechanism 32, which can significantly improve the moving speed, machining efficiency and machining accuracy of the spindle box 4; the overall structure of the machining center of the present solution is compactly arranged, making full use of the structural space and reducing the overall volume and floor space.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and only specifically describe the technical principles of the present invention. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanation here, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, and other specific implementation methods of the present invention that can be associated with by technicians in this field without creative labor, should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center, characterized by comprising a base (1), a cradle mechanism (2), a feed system (3) and a spindle box (4); The cradle mechanism (2) is connected to the base (1) and is used to drive the workpiece to perform rocking and rotational motions; The feeding system (3) comprises an X-axis driving mechanism (31), a Y-axis driving mechanism (32) and a Z-axis driving mechanism (33) which are connected in sequence, the X-axis driving mechanism (31) is mounted on the base (1), and the spindle box (4) is mounted on the Z-axis driving mechanism (33); The base (1) comprises a first frame (11), the first frame (11) having a first through hole (114) extending therethrough, the X-axis drive mechanism (31) comprising an X-axis drive device (311) and a second frame (312) connected to each other, the X-axis drive device (311) being used to drive the second frame (312) to move linearly along the X-axis, and the second frame (312) is always located in the first through hole (114) when moving along the X-axis, the second frame (312) having a second through hole (3121) extending therethrough, the Y-axis drive mechanism (32) being connected to the second frame (312), and the Z-axis drive mechanism (33) being located both in the first through hole (114) and in the second through hole (3121). 2. The frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the Y-axis drive mechanism (32) is located both in the first through hole (114) and in the second through hole (3121), and the Y-axis drive mechanism (32) is fixed on the inner side wall of the second through hole (3121). 3. The frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that the X-axis driving device (311) drives the second frame (312) to move linearly along the horizontal X-axis, so as to drive the Y-axis driving mechanism (32), the Z-axis driving mechanism (33) and the spindle box (4) to move linearly along the horizontal X-axis; The Y-axis driving mechanism (32) drives the Z-axis driving mechanism (33) and the spindle box (4) to move linearly along the Y-axis in the vertical direction; The Z-axis driving mechanism (33) drives the spindle box (4) to move linearly along the Z-axis in the front-rear direction. 4. The frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center as described in claim 3, characterized in that the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis are perpendicular to each other. 5. The frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that the X-axis drive mechanism (31) and the Y-axis drive mechanism (32) are both linear motors, and the Z-axis drive mechanism (33) is a screw assembly. 6. The frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the cradle mechanism (2) includes a rocker arm (21), a rotating table (22), two support seats (23) and two rotating motors (24); the two support seats (23) are both fixed on the base (1), the rocker arm (21) is rotatably connected to the two support seats (23) respectively, and one rotating motor (24) is fixed on each of the two support seats (23), the rotating motor (24) is connected to the rocker arm (21) and is used to drive the rocker arm (21) to make a rocking motion, and the rotating table (22) is connected to the rocker arm (21) and is used to drive the workpiece to make a rotational motion. 7. The frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the base (1) also includes a support frame (12) and at least two support rods (13), the support frame (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first frame (11) and is located on the side of the first frame (11) facing away from the cradle mechanism (2), the two support rods (13) are respectively fixedly connected to the support frame (12) and the first frame (11), and the two support rods (13) are arranged at an angle so that the two support rods (13) are respectively arranged together with the support frame (12) and the first frame (11) to form a stable triangular structure. 8. The frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that the first frame (11) comprises an upper crossbeam (111), a lower crossbeam (112) and two columns (113); The two upright posts (113) are respectively connected to the upper crossbeam (111) and the lower crossbeam (112); the upper crossbeam (111), the lower crossbeam (112) and the two upright posts (113) are jointly arranged so that the first frame (11) forms a rectangular frame structure having the first through hole (114); and the two support frames (13) are respectively fixedly connected to a corresponding one of the upright posts (113). 9. The frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center as described in claim 8, characterized in that the X-axis drive device (311) of the X-axis drive mechanism (31) is connected to the back side of the upper beam (111) facing away from the cradle mechanism (2), the back side of the upper beam (111) and the back side of the lower beam (112) are both fixed with a first guide rail (14), and the second frame (312) is slidably connected to the first guide rail (14). 10. The frame-in-frame five-axis horizontal cradle machining center as described in claim 1 is characterized in that a balancing cylinder (5) is connected to the second frame (312), the output end of the balancing cylinder (5) is connected to the Z-axis drive mechanism (33), and the balancing cylinder (5) is used to apply an upward force to the Z-axis drive mechanism (33).