CN118090250A - Thrust wheel three-dimensional load pressing device and pressing method - Google Patents
Thrust wheel three-dimensional load pressing device and pressing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118090250A CN118090250A CN202410461339.5A CN202410461339A CN118090250A CN 118090250 A CN118090250 A CN 118090250A CN 202410461339 A CN202410461339 A CN 202410461339A CN 118090250 A CN118090250 A CN 118090250A
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/013—Wheels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional load pressing device and a three-dimensional load pressing method for a thrust wheel, and relates to the technical field of thrust wheel pressing machines. Including base, roof, first driving piece, front axle, platform, lead screw lift, second driving piece, horizontal driving piece, vertical driving piece, depression bar, support pressure head and controller, the base top is fixed with two supporting boxes, and front axle roll connection is between two supporting boxes, is fixed with two front guide pulleys on the axis body of front axle. The invention is provided with the axial pressure applying part and the three-dimensional load pressure applying mechanism, the axial pressure applying part forms extrusion force on the side plate of the thrust wheel, the three-dimensional load pressure applying mechanism applies force inclined to the axis of the thrust wheel to the rim of one side of the thrust wheel, and the rear guide wheel on the other side only supports the thrust wheel, so that the rim is always subjected to shearing force, the actual stress condition of the thrust wheel is met, the axial force and the shearing force form three-dimensional load on the thrust wheel, the actual working condition is simulated, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thrust wheel presses, in particular to a thrust wheel three-dimensional load pressing device and a pressing method.
Background
The supporting wheel is an important component of the crawler running mechanism, and generally comprises a rim matched with the crawler and side covers rotatably connected at two ends of the rim, wherein the side covers are used for being connected with a frame of the crawler running mechanism, so that the supporting wheel needs to bear the whole gravity of a vehicle adopting the crawler running mechanism, the mechanical performance requirement is relatively high, and therefore, the supporting wheel is usually required to be tested before leaving a factory to ensure that the mechanical performance of the supporting wheel can meet the use requirement.
Through searching, chinese patent application publication No. CN111537216A discloses a thrust wheel testing machine which consists of a control module, a rotary supporting device, a vertical load applying device, a side load applying device and other parts, and realizes the simulation of the stress state when the thrust wheel is obliquely arranged by acting the side load applying device on a pressure arm, and meanwhile, the simulation of various working conditions of the thrust wheel can be realized by mutually matching with the vertical load applying device, so that the testing accuracy is relatively high.
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing dynamic load of a thrust wheel of an excavator, which are composed of a supporting component, a blanking component, a testing component and the like, wherein under the mutual cooperation of the testing components, a rotating wheel is driven to rotate by a rotating shaft four, so that the test work of the thrust wheel is completed.
The above scheme combines existing thrust wheel Shi Yaji, and in practical application, there are at least the following drawbacks:
The contact between the thrust wheel and the track is mainly carried out through the track teeth on the track chain links and the rim on the thrust wheel, when the track turns to or sideslips, the track teeth apply the axial force to the rim, in addition, in the advancing process, when one side of the track contacts with an irregular obstacle, the track teeth can apply the force inclined to the rim, so that the rim is subjected to shearing force, the force forms the three-dimensional load on the thrust wheel, the three-dimensional load can influence the oil seal tightness of the thrust wheel, the abrasion of the rim and the structural integrity of the thrust wheel, and in the pressing process of the thrust wheel in the prior art, only the vertical load and the axial load parallel to the axis of the thrust wheel are applied, so that the thrust wheel is single in stress and lower in test accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional load pressing device and a three-dimensional load pressing method for a thrust wheel, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a thrust wheel three-dimensional load pressure applying device, includes base, roof, first driving piece, front axle, platform, lead screw lift, second driving piece, horizontal driving piece, vertical driving piece, depression bar, support pressure head and controller, the base top is fixed with two supporting boxes, and the front axle roll connection is between two supporting boxes, is fixed with two front guide pulleys on the axis body of front axle;
A three-dimensional load pressing mechanism is arranged right behind the front guide wheels, wherein the three-dimensional load pressing mechanism comprises two rear guide wheels, and the two rear guide wheels and the two front guide wheels are respectively positioned at two sides of the bottom of the thrust wheel and used for supporting the thrust wheel;
The three-dimensional load pressing mechanism further comprises a cross rod, two sides of the cross rod are respectively fixed with a second hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic end of each second hydraulic cylinder is fixed with a dowel bar, the end part of each dowel bar is fixed with a cross shaft, and the cross shafts are movably connected with the rear guide wheels;
The bottom of the pressing table is provided with two pressing blocks, and the bottom of the pressing block on the same side with the pressing rod is movably inserted with an axial pressing piece;
when the pressure is applied, the front guide wheels and the rear guide wheels on the two sides are respectively positioned at the bottoms of the rims on the two sides of the thrust wheel, the two pressing blocks are respectively extruded with the two wheel shafts of the thrust wheel, and the axial pressure applying part is extruded with the side plates of the thrust wheel under the pushing of the pressing rod.
Furthermore, a groove is formed in the side face of the axial pressure applying part, a plurality of fixing shafts are fixed in the groove, the shaft bodies of the fixing shafts are movably connected with fluent wheels, and the fluent wheels are extruded with the side plates of the thrust wheels.
Still further, two limit grooves are all offered on the body of rod of dowel steel, and the both sides of horizontal pole all are fixed with the support frame, and the end fixing of support frame has the stopper, stopper and limit groove looks adaptation, and the top of stopper contacts with the roof of limit groove, is formed with movable chamber between the bottom of stopper and the diapire of limit groove.
Further, a first pressure sensor is connected between the abutting head and the pressing rod, and the first pressure sensor detects the pressure between the abutting head and the side plate;
A second pressure sensor is arranged between the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder and the dowel bar, and the second pressure sensor detects the pressure between the rear guide wheel and the rim.
Furthermore, the opposite sides of the two supporting boxes are provided with arc grooves, the arc centers of the arc grooves are positioned on the central axis of the rear guide wheel, and the two ends of the cross rod are fixed with limiting plates which are matched with the arc grooves;
The base top is fixed with the riser, and the opposite side of riser and horizontal pole all is fixed with articulated seat, is provided with first pneumatic cylinder between riser and the horizontal pole, and the both ends of first pneumatic cylinder respectively with the connecting axle swing joint of two articulated seats.
Further, a supporting plate is fixed at the top end of the vertical plate, a supporting block is fixed at the top end of the supporting plate, and a connecting assembly is arranged at the bottom of the supporting block;
The connecting component comprises a double-head hydraulic cylinder and a middle shaft in rolling connection with the supporting blocks, a space is formed between two ends of the middle shaft and the end parts of the two transverse shafts respectively, a plurality of racks are fixed on the opposite sides of the transverse shafts and the middle shaft, a driving plate is inserted between the transverse shafts and the middle shaft, and a plurality of clamping grooves matched with the racks are formed in the inner wall of a through hole of the driving plate;
The end parts of the two telescopic ends of the double-head hydraulic cylinder are respectively fixed with a shifting block;
the top of the shifting block is matched with the driving plate.
Further, the angle of the arc-shaped groove is 20-40 degrees, and when the limiting plate is positioned in the middle of the arc-shaped groove, the central axis of the telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is intersected with the central axis of the wheel shaft.
A three-dimensional load pressing method of a thrust wheel comprises the following steps:
Step one, a thrust wheel is placed between two rear guide wheels and two front guide wheels, wherein the front guide wheels and the rear guide wheels support the bottom of the rim of the thrust wheel;
Step two, adjusting the positions of the two pressing blocks to enable the two pressing blocks to be located right above the two rims respectively, controlling the second driving piece to start by the controller, and enabling the pressing table to move downwards through the mutual matching of the second driving piece and the screw rod lifter until the two pressing blocks are extruded with the two rims;
Step three, rotating the vertical driving piece to enable the pressure rod to descend to the side face of the pressing block, enabling the controller to control the transverse driving piece to start, enabling the transverse driving piece to drive the pressure rod to move towards the axial pressing piece, enabling the axial pressing piece to be extruded with the side plate until the first pressure sensor reaches a set value;
Step four, the controller controls the double-head hydraulic cylinder to start, one side of the double-head hydraulic cylinder stretches the telescopic rod, the other side of the double-head hydraulic cylinder stretches the telescopic rod, the stretched telescopic rod moves the driving plate between the transverse shaft and the middle shaft through the shifting block, and the other side of the telescopic rod moves the driving plate to the middle shaft through the shifting block when the telescopic rod stretches;
Step five, the controller controls the second hydraulic cylinder on one side with the space in the step four to start, the second hydraulic cylinder forms pushing force on the dowel bar until the second pressure sensor reaches a set value, at the moment, the controller controls the first driving piece to start, and the first driving piece drives the front shaft and the front guide wheel to rotate, so that the rim and the side plate are driven to rotate around the wheel shaft;
step six, the controller controls the first hydraulic cylinder to start, the first hydraulic cylinder drives the cross rod to reciprocate along the arc-shaped groove when stretching, and when the set time is reached, the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are reset;
Step seven: and (3) implementing the reverse step of the fourth step, and finally, carrying out three-dimensional load pressing on the rim on the other side through the fifth step and the sixth step.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The bearing wheel three-dimensional load pressing device and the pressing method are provided with an axial pressing piece and a three-dimensional load pressing mechanism, pressing force is formed on the side plate of the bearing wheel through the axial pressing piece, force inclined to the axis of the bearing wheel is applied to the rim of one side of the bearing wheel through the three-dimensional load pressing mechanism, and the rim is always subjected to shearing force due to the fact that the rear guide wheel on the other side only supports the bearing wheel, so that the situation that the rim is subjected to actual stress of the bearing wheel is met, three-dimensional load on the bearing wheel is formed by the axial force and the shearing force, actual working conditions are simulated, and detection accuracy is improved.
Simultaneously, because during the detection, axial pressure part forms the extrusion force to the curb plate of thrust wheel all the time to can detect the oil blanket durability of installing between rim and shaft, further improved the practicality of device.
Moreover, still be provided with supporting shoe, arc wall, first pneumatic cylinder and coupling assembling, start through the first pneumatic cylinder of controller control, drive the horizontal pole and carry out reciprocating motion along the arc wall when first pneumatic cylinder stretches out and draws back, like this, through the angle that changes the dowel steel to realize carrying out the application of diversified load (not only axial load) to the thrust wheel, more accurate simulation the actual condition of thrust wheel, when improving device stability, further improved the test accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a left front side shaft view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left rear side axial view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right rear side axial view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a first thrust wheel placement view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a second thrust wheel placement view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the thrust wheel of the present invention after placement;
FIG. 7 is an axial view of the stereoscopic load pressing device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a semi-sectional view of a dowel of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a semi-sectional view of the connection assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a detail view of the axial compression element of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating various orientations of a rear idler in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a top plate; 3. a supporting box; 301. an arc-shaped groove; 4. a front axle; 401. a front guide wheel; 402. a first driving member; 5. a pressing table; 501. a screw rod lifter; 502. a second driving member; 6. briquetting; 7. an axial pressure member; 701. a fluent wheel; 8. a compression bar; 801. a lateral drive member; 802. a vertical drive; 803. a pressing head; 9. a three-dimensional load pressing mechanism; 901. a rear guide wheel; 902. a horizontal axis; 903. a dowel bar; 904. a cross bar; 905. a riser; 906. a first hydraulic cylinder; 907. a limiting plate; 908. a second hydraulic cylinder; 909. a support block; 910. a support frame; 911. a movable cavity; 10. a thrust wheel; 101. a rim; 102. a side plate; 103. a wheel axle; 11. a first pressure sensor; 12. a connection assembly; 121. a middle shaft; 122. a dial; 123. a shifting block; 124. double-headed hydraulic cylinders.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a three-dimensional load pressure applying device of thrust wheel, including base 1, roof 2, first driving piece 402, front axle 4, press platform 5, lead screw lift 501, second driving piece 502, transverse driving piece 801, vertical driving piece 802, depression bar 8, press head 803 and controller, wherein, first driving piece 402 drives front axle 4, realize the rotation of front axle 4, the rotation of second driving piece 502 drive lead screw lift 501 realizes that lead screw lift 501 drives the reciprocating of press platform 5, vertical driving piece 802 drives depression bar 8 vertical direction and removes, transverse driving piece 801 realizes that depression bar 8 horizontal direction removes through relevant transmission structure, it is to be understood that above components, the relation of connection and the power transmission mode between the components have been disclosed in the chinese invention patent of application publication No. CN111537216A, no. repeated in this scheme.
As shown in fig. 1, two supporting boxes 3 are fixed at the top end of the base 1, a front shaft 4 is connected between the two supporting boxes 3 in a rolling manner, two front guide wheels 401 are fixed on the shaft body of the front shaft 4, a three-dimensional load pressing mechanism 9 is arranged right behind the front guide wheels 401, the three-dimensional load pressing mechanism 9 comprises two rear guide wheels 901, the two rear guide wheels 901 and the two front guide wheels 401 are respectively located at two sides of the bottom of the thrust wheel 10 and used for supporting the thrust wheel 10, and in the scheme, a plane formed by the top ends of the front guide wheels 401 and the rear guide wheels 901 is parallel to the base 1.
As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 7, the three-dimensional load pressing mechanism 9 further includes a cross rod 904, two sides of the cross rod 904 are fixed with a second hydraulic cylinder 908, a dowel bar 903 is fixed at a telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 908, an end of the dowel bar 903 is fixed with a cross shaft 902, and the cross shaft 902 is movably connected with the rear guide wheels 901, so that when the front axle 4 rotates, the two rear guide wheels 901 are driven to rotate;
In one embodiment of the scheme, the cross rod 904 is fixed with the side surfaces of the two supporting boxes 3, the central axis of the telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 908 is intersected with the central axis of the wheel shaft 103, an included angle formed by the central axis extension line of the telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 908 and the central axis of the wheel shaft 103 is 45-89 degrees, during detection, the second hydraulic cylinder 908 on one side is controlled by the controller to start, the second hydraulic cylinder 908 forms pushing force on the driving rod 903, the rear guide wheel 901 forms a moving trend relative to the thrust wheel 10, so that the thrust wheel 10 is subjected to oblique pushing force of the rear guide wheel 901, when the second pressure sensor reaches a set value, the second hydraulic cylinder 908 stops working, and the rear guide wheel 901 of the other side force transmission rod 903 only supports the thrust wheel 10, so that the thrust wheel 10 is subjected to shearing force, the actual stress situation of the thrust wheel 10 is met, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Two pressing blocks 6 are arranged at the bottom of the pressing table 5, an axial pressing piece 7 is movably inserted into the bottom of the pressing block 6 at the same side of the pressing rod 8, when pressing is performed, a front guide wheel 401 and a rear guide wheel 901 at two sides are respectively positioned at the bottoms of rims 101 at two sides of the thrust wheel 10, the two pressing blocks 6 are respectively extruded with two wheel shafts 103 of the thrust wheel 10, and under the pushing of the pressing rod 8, the axial pressing piece 7 is extruded with a side plate 102 of the thrust wheel 10.
As shown in fig. 10, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, an arc-shaped groove is formed on the side surface of the axial pressure applying member 7, a plurality of fixed shafts with equal radian are fixed in the groove, and a fluent wheel 701 is movably connected to the shaft body of the fixed shaft, and the end portion of the fluent wheel 701 extends out of the groove to realize extrusion of the fluent wheel 701 and the side plate 102 of the thrust wheel 10;
It can be understood that, because the arc-shaped surfaces formed by the end surfaces of the plurality of fluent wheels 701 are attached to the outer surfaces of the side plates 102, in the rotation process of the thrust wheel 10, the friction force formed by the axial pressure member 7 on the thrust wheel 10 is smaller, so that the abrasion of the side plates 102 is effectively reduced while the application of the lateral load on the side plates 102 is not influenced, and the practicability of the device is improved.
In order to improve the support stability of the three-dimensional load pressing mechanism 9 and prevent the expansion link of the second hydraulic cylinder 908 from bending and deforming due to overlarge torsion, and improve the service life of the second hydraulic cylinder 908, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, limit grooves are formed on the rod bodies of the two dowel bars 903, support frames 910 are fixed on two sides of the cross bar 904, limiting blocks are fixed on the end parts of the support frames 910, and are matched with the limit grooves, wherein the limiting blocks and the limit grooves can be dovetail grooves and dovetail blocks, and convex grooves and convex blocks can also be selected. In this scheme, the top of stopper contacts with the roof in spacing groove, is formed with movable chamber 911 between the bottom of stopper and the diapire in spacing groove, can understand that movable chamber 911's setting is the thrust that prevents dowel steel 903 to second pneumatic cylinder 908 produces the interference to make the thrust of second pneumatic cylinder 908 can transmit back guide pulley 901, realizes the application to rim 101 radial load.
In this scheme, be connected with first pressure sensor 11 between pressure head 803 and the depression bar 8, first pressure sensor 11 detects the pressure between pressure head 803 and the curb plate 102, is provided with the second pressure sensor between the flexible end of second pneumatic cylinder 908 and the dowel 903, and the second pressure sensor detects the pressure between back guide pulley 901 and the rim 101, first pressure sensor 11 and second pressure sensor respectively with controller electric connection.
In another embodiment of the present solution, as shown in fig. 5, the opposite sides of the two supporting boxes 3 are provided with arc grooves 301, the arc center of each arc groove 301 is located on the central axis of the rear guide wheel 901, the angle of each arc groove 301 is 20-40 °, when the limiting plate 907 is located at the middle position of each arc groove 301, the central axis of the telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 908 is intersected with the central axis of the wheel shaft 103, as shown in fig. 7, both ends of the cross rod 904 are fixed with limiting plates 907, the limiting plates 907 are adapted to the arc grooves 301, in the pressing process, the side walls of the arc grooves 301 can support the cross rod 904, the stress of the telescopic rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 906 is reduced, and the service life of the first hydraulic cylinder 906 is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 7, a vertical plate 905 is fixed at the top end of the base 1, hinge seats are fixed on opposite sides of the vertical plate 905 and the cross bar 904, a first hydraulic cylinder 906 is disposed between the vertical plate 905 and the cross bar 904, and two ends of the first hydraulic cylinder 906 are respectively movably connected with connecting shafts of the two hinge seats, it can be understood that when the controller controls the first hydraulic cylinder 906 to start, the first hydraulic cylinder 906 pushes the cross bar 904 to move around the axis of the rear guide wheel 901.
To further improve the support stability of the three-dimensional load pressing mechanism 9, as shown in fig. 7, a support plate is fixed to the top end of the vertical plate 905, a support block 909 is fixed to the top end of the support plate, and a connection assembly 12 is provided at the bottom of the support block 909;
As shown in fig. 7 and 9, the connecting assembly 12 includes a double-head hydraulic cylinder 124 and a middle shaft 121 in rolling connection with a supporting block 909, it can be known that the double-head hydraulic cylinder 124 may also be formed by two separate hydraulic cylinder bodies, a space is formed between two ends of the middle shaft 121 and two ends of the transverse shaft 902 respectively, and in the same way, the setting of the space is to prevent the interference of the dowel 903 on the pushing force of the second hydraulic cylinder 908, so that the pushing force of the second hydraulic cylinder 908 can be transferred to a rear guide wheel 901 to realize the application of radial load to the rim 101, a plurality of racks are fixed on opposite sides of the transverse shaft 902 and the middle shaft 121, a driving plate 122 is inserted between the transverse shaft 902 and the middle shaft 121, a plurality of clamping grooves matched with the racks are formed in the inner wall of a through hole of the driving plate 122, and a driving block 123 pushing the driving plate 122 is fixed on two telescopic end parts of the double-head hydraulic cylinder 124.
The method for applying pressure to the three-dimensional load of the thrust wheel comprises the following steps:
step one, placing the thrust wheel 10 between two rear guide wheels 901 and two front guide wheels 401, wherein the front guide wheels 401 and the rear guide wheels 901 support the bottom of the rim 101 of the thrust wheel 10;
Step two, adjusting the positions of the two pressing blocks 6 to enable the two pressing blocks 6 to be located right above the two rims 101 respectively, controlling the second driving piece 502 to start by the controller, enabling the pressing table 5 to move downwards through the mutual cooperation of the second driving piece 502 and the screw rod lifter 501 until the two pressing blocks 6 are extruded with the two rims 101, wherein the extrusion force is achieved through the descending height of the pressing table 5, and the descending height of the pressing table 5 is preset by a system;
Step three, rotating the vertical driving piece 802 to enable the pressure rod 8 to descend to the side face of the pressing block 6, controlling the transverse driving piece 801 to start by the controller, enabling the transverse driving piece 801 to drive the pressure rod 8 to move towards the axial pressing piece 7, enabling the axial pressing piece 7 to be pressed with the side plate 102 until the first pressure sensor 11 reaches a set value;
Step four, the controller controls the double-head hydraulic cylinder 124 to start, one side telescopic rod of the double-head hydraulic cylinder 124 stretches, the other side telescopic rod contracts, the stretched telescopic rod moves the driving plate 122 between the transverse shaft 902 and the middle shaft 121 through the shifting block 123, when the other side telescopic rod contracts, the driving plate 122 is moved to the middle shaft 121 through the shifting block 123, namely when the double-head hydraulic cylinder 124 acts, a space is formed between the middle shaft 121 on one side and the end part of the transverse shaft 902;
Step five, the controller controls the second hydraulic cylinder 908 on the side with the space in the step four to start, the second hydraulic cylinder 908 forms pushing force to the driving rod 903 until the second pressure sensor reaches the set value, because the second hydraulic cylinder 908 on one side forms pushing force to the driving rod 903, and the rear guide wheel 901 on the other side only supports the thrust wheel 10, so that the rim 101 on the side with the space is subjected to shearing force, and the actual stress situation of the thrust wheel 101 is more met, at this time, the controller controls the first driving piece 402 to start, and the first driving piece 402 drives the front axle 4 and the front guide wheel 401 to rotate, so as to drive the rim 101 and the side plate 102 to rotate around the wheel axle 103;
Step six, the controller controls the first hydraulic cylinder 906 to start, the first hydraulic cylinder 906 drives the cross rod 904 to reciprocate along the arc-shaped groove 301 when expanding and contracting, and when reaching the set time, the first hydraulic cylinder 906 and the second hydraulic cylinder 908 are reset, so that as shown in fig. 11, the device realizes the application of multidirectional load to the thrust wheel 10 by changing the angle of the dowel 903, simulates the actual working condition of the thrust wheel 10, and further improves the test accuracy;
step seven: the reverse of step four is performed, and finally the three-dimensional load pressing is performed on the rim 101 on the other side through step five and step six.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made hereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended embodiments and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional load of thrust wheel adds pressure device, includes base (1), roof (2), first driving piece (402), front axle (4), platform (5), lead screw lift (501), second driving piece (502), horizontal driving piece (801), vertical driving piece (802), depression bar (8), supports pressure head (803) and controller, its characterized in that: the top end of the base (1) is fixedly provided with two supporting boxes (3), a front shaft (4) is connected between the two supporting boxes (3) in a rolling way, and two front guide wheels (401) are fixed on the shaft body of the front shaft (4);
A three-dimensional load pressing mechanism (9) is arranged right behind the front guide wheel (401), wherein the three-dimensional load pressing mechanism (9) comprises two rear guide wheels (901), and the two rear guide wheels (901) and the two front guide wheels (401) are respectively positioned at two sides of the bottom of the thrust wheel (10) and used for supporting the thrust wheel (10);
The three-dimensional load pressing mechanism (9) further comprises a cross rod (904), second hydraulic cylinders (908) are fixed on two sides of the cross rod (904), a dowel bar (903) is fixed at the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinders (908), a cross shaft (902) is fixed at the end of the dowel bar (903), and the cross shaft (902) is movably connected with the rear guide wheel (901);
two pressing blocks (6) are arranged at the bottom of the pressing table (5), and an axial pressing piece (7) is movably inserted at the bottom of the pressing block (6) at the same side of the pressing rod (8);
when the pressure is applied, the front guide wheels (401) and the rear guide wheels (901) on two sides are respectively positioned at the bottoms of the rims (101) on two sides of the thrust wheel (10), the two pressing blocks (6) are respectively extruded with the two wheel shafts (103) of the thrust wheel (10), and under the pushing of the pressing rod (8), the axial pressing piece (7) is extruded with the side plates (102) of the thrust wheel (10).
2. The thrust wheel stereoscopic load pressing device according to claim 1, wherein: the axial pressurizing piece (7) is provided with a groove on the side surface, a plurality of fixed shafts are fixed in the groove, the shaft bodies of the fixed shafts are movably connected with fluent wheels (701), and the fluent wheels (701) are extruded with the side plates (102) of the thrust wheels (10).
3. The thrust wheel stereoscopic load pressing device according to claim 1, wherein: limiting grooves are formed in rod bodies of the two dowel bars (903), supporting frames (910) are fixed on two sides of the cross rod (904), limiting blocks are fixed on the end portions of the supporting frames (910), the limiting blocks are matched with the limiting grooves, the tops of the limiting blocks are in contact with the top wall of the limiting grooves, and a movable cavity (911) is formed between the bottoms of the limiting blocks and the bottom wall of the limiting grooves.
4. A thrust wheel stereoscopic load pressing device according to claim 3, wherein: a first pressure sensor (11) is connected between the pressing head (803) and the pressing rod (8), and the first pressure sensor (11) detects the pressure between the pressing head (803) and the side plate (102);
a second pressure sensor is arranged between the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder (908) and the dowel bar (903), and the second pressure sensor detects the pressure between the rear guide wheel (901) and the rim (101).
5. The thrust wheel stereoscopic load pressing device according to claim 1, wherein: the opposite sides of the two supporting boxes (3) are provided with arc grooves (301), the arc centers of the arc grooves (301) are positioned on the central axis of the rear guide wheel (901), limiting plates (907) are fixed at two ends of the cross rod (904), and the limiting plates (907) are matched with the arc grooves (301);
a vertical plate (905) is fixed at the top end of the base (1), hinge seats are fixed on opposite sides of the vertical plate (905) and the cross rod (904), a first hydraulic cylinder (906) is arranged between the vertical plate (905) and the cross rod (904), and two ends of the first hydraulic cylinder (906) are respectively and movably connected with connecting shafts of the two hinge seats.
6. The thrust wheel stereoscopic load pressing device according to claim 5, wherein: a supporting plate is fixed at the top end of the vertical plate (905), a supporting block (909) is fixed at the top end of the supporting plate, and a connecting assembly (12) is arranged at the bottom of the supporting block (909);
The connecting assembly (12) comprises a double-head hydraulic cylinder (124) and a middle shaft (121) in rolling connection with a supporting block (909), a space is formed between two ends of the middle shaft (121) and the ends of two transverse shafts (902), a plurality of racks are fixed on opposite sides of the transverse shafts (902) and the middle shaft (121), a driving plate (122) is inserted between the transverse shafts (902) and the middle shaft (121), and a plurality of clamping grooves matched with the racks are formed in the inner wall of a through hole of the driving plate (122);
The end parts of the two telescopic ends of the double-head hydraulic cylinder (124) are respectively fixed with a shifting block (123);
The top of the shifting block (123) is matched with the driving plate (122).
7. The thrust wheel stereoscopic load pressing device according to claim 5, wherein: the angle of the arc-shaped groove (301) is 20-40 degrees, and when the limiting plate (907) is positioned at the middle position of the arc-shaped groove (301), the central axis of the telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (908) is intersected with the central axis of the wheel axle (103).
8. A method for applying pressure to a three-dimensional load of a thrust wheel, which is applied to a three-dimensional load applying device of a thrust wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, a thrust wheel (10) is placed between two rear guide wheels (901) and two front guide wheels (401), wherein the front guide wheels (401) and the rear guide wheels (901) support the bottom of a rim (101) of the thrust wheel (10);
Step two, adjusting the positions of the two pressing blocks (6) to enable the two pressing blocks (6) to be located right above the two rims (101) respectively, controlling the second driving piece (502) to start by the controller, and enabling the pressing table (5) to move downwards through the mutual matching of the second driving piece (502) and the screw rod lifter (501) until the two pressing blocks (6) are extruded with the two rims (101);
Step three, rotating the vertical driving piece (802) to enable the pressure rod (8) to descend to the side face of the pressing block (6), controlling the transverse driving piece (801) to start by the controller, enabling the transverse driving piece (801) to drive the pressure rod (8) to move towards the axial pressure applying piece (7) so that the axial pressure applying piece (7) and the side plate (102) are extruded until the first pressure sensor (11) reaches a set value;
Step four, the controller controls the double-head hydraulic cylinder (124) to start, one side of the double-head hydraulic cylinder (124) stretches the telescopic rod, the other side stretches the telescopic rod, the stretched telescopic rod moves the driving plate (122) between the transverse shaft (902) and the middle shaft (121) through the shifting block (123), and the other side stretches the telescopic rod to move the driving plate (122) to the middle shaft (121) through the shifting block (123) when the telescopic rod stretches;
Step five, the controller controls a second hydraulic cylinder (908) on one side with a gap to start in the step four, the second hydraulic cylinder (908) forms an pushing force on a driving rod (903) until a second pressure sensor reaches a set value, at the moment, the controller controls a first driving piece (402) to start, and the first driving piece (402) drives a front shaft (4) and a front guide wheel (401) to rotate, so that a rim (101) and a side plate (102) are driven to rotate around a wheel shaft (103);
Step six, the controller controls the first hydraulic cylinder (906) to start, the first hydraulic cylinder (906) drives the cross rod (904) to reciprocate along the arc-shaped groove (301) when stretching, and when the set time is reached, the first hydraulic cylinder (906) and the second hydraulic cylinder (908) are reset;
Step seven: and (3) implementing the reverse step of the fourth step, and finally, carrying out three-dimensional load pressing on the rim (101) on the other side through the fifth step and the sixth step.
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