CN118074642B - Gain adjusting system and method for microwave power amplifier - Google Patents
Gain adjusting system and method for microwave power amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN118074642B CN118074642B CN202410481514.7A CN202410481514A CN118074642B CN 118074642 B CN118074642 B CN 118074642B CN 202410481514 A CN202410481514 A CN 202410481514A CN 118074642 B CN118074642 B CN 118074642B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of power amplifiers, and particularly relates to a gain adjusting system and method of a microwave power amplifier, wherein the gain adjusting system and method are provided with a first hierarchical network, a second hierarchical network and a third hierarchical network, the first hierarchical network comprises an input module, an amplifying module and an output module, and the output end of the output module is connected with a load; the second hierarchical network comprises a first detection module, a second detection module, a third detection module and a gain adjustment module; the third tier network includes a control module. The method comprises the steps of realizing microwave signal amplification processing through a first hierarchical network, detecting an input signal, an output signal and a conversion signal in the first hierarchical network through a second hierarchical network, calculating gain adjustment quantity through a third hierarchical network, and realizing gain adjustment of the first hierarchical network through a calculation result. The system reduces the difference between the actual gain of the amplifying module and the set gain, and effectively reduces the influence of the load on the gain of the microwave power amplifier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power amplifiers, and particularly relates to a gain adjusting system and method of a microwave power amplifier.
Background
A microwave power amplifier is an electronic device for amplifying a microwave signal, and an internal amplifier is a core part of the electronic device and is responsible for amplifying an input signal, and a solid-state amplifier or a tube amplifier is generally adopted, wherein the solid-state amplifier generally uses a semiconductor material, such as a transistor or a field effect transistor. Tube amplifiers, which use a tube to amplify a microwave signal, are either tube amplifiers or solid-state amplifiers, which utilize the characteristics of the electronic components.
The gain of the microwave power amplifier is the multiple of the signal enhancement of the input microwave signal by the amplifier, is one of the important parameters of the microwave power amplifier, and represents the capability of the amplifier to increase the input signal. However, in the actual amplification of a signal, the actual gain of the amplifier after the signal is amplified must be different from the gain set by the amplifier.
The power amplifier is connected with different loads, the loads are used for converting signals output by the amplifier, and the characteristics of the different loads also influence the performance of the amplifier, wherein one of the influenced performances is the gain of the amplifier, so that how to adjust the gain of the microwave power amplifier to enable the signals to be optimal after the loads are converted is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gain adjusting system and method of a microwave power amplifier, which are used for solving the technical problems that the actual gain and the set gain of the existing microwave power amplifier after signal amplification have different loads and different characteristics, and the gain of the microwave power amplifier is affected differently.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a gain adjustment method of a microwave power amplifier is provided, and the gain adjustment system based on any one of the microwave power amplifiers includes the following steps:
S1: inputting signals to an input module of the microwave power amplifier, transmitting the signals to an amplifying module by the input module, detecting the intensity of the input signals by a first detecting module, and detecting the intensity of the signals amplified by the amplifying module by a second detecting module;
S2: the control module calculates real-time gain according to the input signal strength and the amplified real-time signal strength, compares the real-time gain with a preset gain range, and does not need to carry out gain adjustment if the real-time gain is in the preset gain range; if the real-time gain is not within the preset gain range, executing the step S3;
s3: calculating a primary gain adjustment amount, and primarily adjusting the gain of the amplifying module according to the primary gain adjustment amount;
S4: the third detection module detects the signal intensity after load conversion;
s5: comparing the signal intensity after load conversion with a preset conversion signal intensity threshold value, calculating a readjusted gain amount, and readjusting according to the readjusted gain amount;
S6: detecting the signal intensity after load conversion in real time, judging whether the converted signal intensity is equal to a preset conversion signal intensity threshold value, and if so, executing the step S7; if not, executing the steps S1-S5 again;
S7: the load outputs the converted target signal strength.
Preferably, the specific calculation process for calculating the real-time gain in step S2 is as follows: and calculating the ratio of the amplified real-time signal strength to the input signal strength.
Preferably, the specific calculation process of calculating the primary adjustment gain in step S3 is that if the real-time gain is lower than the lower limit value of the preset gain range, the primary gain adjustment is obtained by subtracting the real-time gain from the median value of the preset gain range; and if the real-time gain is higher than the high limit value of the preset gain range, obtaining the primary gain adjustment quantity by subtracting the median value of the preset gain range from the real-time gain.
Preferably, the process of calculating the readjusting gain amount in step S5 is:
s51: establishing a first function of the relationship between the load converted signal intensity and the amplified signal intensity, and establishing a second function of the relationship between the gain adjustment amount and the amplified signal intensity;
S52: calculating the required amplified signal strength according to a first function based on a preset conversion signal strength threshold;
s53: reversely calculating a readjustment gain according to a second function based on the required amplified signal strength;
The first function is: s T=Kt·SA +b, wherein S T is the signal intensity after conversion; s A is the amplified signal strength; k t is the change rate of the signal intensity after conversion along with the change of the signal intensity after amplification; b is the base number of the change of the converted signal intensity along with the amplified signal intensity;
The second function is: s A=(1+ΔG)·SIN, wherein S A is the amplified signal strength, Δg is the gain adjustment amount, and S IN is the input signal strength.
In a second aspect, a gain adjustment system of a microwave power amplifier is provided, including a first hierarchical network, a second hierarchical network and a third hierarchical network, where the first hierarchical network includes an input module, an amplifying module and an output module, and an output end of the output module is connected with a load; the second hierarchical network comprises a first detection module, a second detection module, a third detection module and a gain adjustment module; the third hierarchical network comprises a control module;
the input module is used for providing an input signal;
The first detection module is used for detecting the intensity of the input signal;
The amplifying module is used for carrying out signal enhancement processing on the input signal;
the second detection module is used for detecting the signal intensity of the signal after the signal enhancement processing;
the output module is used for transmitting the signal subjected to the signal enhancement processing to a load for signal conversion;
the third detection module is used for detecting the intensity of the signals after load conversion;
the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the gain of the amplifying module in real time;
The control module is used for calculating gain adjustment quantity according to the signal intensity detection results of the first detection module, the second detection module and the third detection module and controlling the gain adjustment module to adjust the gain of the amplifying module.
Preferably, the input module, the amplifying module and the output module of the first hierarchical network are sequentially connected; the first detection module of the second hierarchical network is connected with the output end of the input module, the second detection module is connected with the output end of the amplifying module, the third detection module is connected with the output end of the load, the first detection module, the second detection module and the third detection module are respectively connected with the control module, and the gain adjusting module is respectively connected with the control module and the amplifying module.
Preferably, the first detection module transmits the detected input signal intensity to the control module, the second detection module transmits the detected output signal intensity to the control module, the third detection module transmits the detected converted signal intensity to the control module, and the control module calculates the real-time gain according to the input signal intensity and the output signal intensity.
Preferably, the real-time gain calculated by the control module is compared with a preset gain, the gain amount to be adjusted is calculated according to the comparison result, and the gain adjustment module is controlled to perform primary adjustment on the gain of the amplifying module.
Preferably, the control module compares the acquired real-time converted signal intensity with a preset converted signal intensity threshold, calculates the gain amount to be readjusted according to the comparison result, and controls the gain adjusting module to readjust the gain of the amplifying module according to the calculated gain adjusting amount.
Preferably, the gain adjusting module is a circuit provided with a capacitor, a resistor and a field effect tube, and the capacitor, the resistor and the field effect tube are sequentially connected in series and are connected with the ground in series.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
According to the gain adjustment system and method for the microwave power amplifier, provided by the invention, the processing of microwave signal amplification is realized through the first-level network, the detection of the input signal, the output signal and the conversion signal in the first-level network is realized through the second-level network, the calculation of the gain adjustment amount is realized through the third-level network, and the gain adjustment of the first-level network is realized through the gain adjustment module based on the calculation result. The system reduces the difference between the actual gain of the amplifying module and the set gain, and effectively reduces the influence of the load on the gain of the microwave power amplifier.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gain adjusting system of a microwave power amplifier according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an amplifying module of a gain adjusting system of a microwave power amplifier according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
The present application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features about a system that may include a plurality of devices, components, modules, etc. It is to be understood and appreciated that the various systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc. and/or may not include all of the devices, components, modules etc. discussed in connection with the figures. Furthermore, combinations of these schemes may also be used.
In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary," "for example," and the like are used to indicate an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the term "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion.
In the embodiment of the present application, "information", "signal", "message", "channel", and "signaling (singaling)" may be used in a mixed manner, and it should be noted that the meaning of the expression is consistent when the distinction is not emphasized. "of", "corresponding (corresponding, relevant)" and "corresponding (corresponding)" are sometimes used in combination, and it should be noted that the meaning of the expression is consistent when the distinction is not emphasized.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 2:
Referring to fig. 1, a gain adjusting system of a microwave power amplifier comprises a first hierarchical network, a second hierarchical network and a third hierarchical network, wherein the first hierarchical network comprises an input module, an amplifying module PA and an output module, and the output end of the output module is connected with a load; the second hierarchical network comprises a first detection module, a second detection module, a third detection module and a gain adjustment module; the third hierarchical network comprises a control module;
the input module is used for providing an input signal;
The first detection module is used for detecting the intensity of the input signal;
The amplifying module PA is used for carrying out signal enhancement processing on an input signal;
the second detection module is used for detecting the signal intensity of the signal after the signal enhancement processing;
the output module is used for transmitting the signal subjected to the signal enhancement processing to a load for signal conversion;
the third detection module is used for detecting the intensity of the signals after load conversion;
the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the gain of the amplifying module PA in real time;
The control module is used for calculating gain adjustment quantity according to the signal intensity detection results of the first detection module, the second detection module and the third detection module and controlling the gain adjustment module to adjust the gain of the amplifying module PA.
In the above scheme, in the first hierarchical network, the input module, the amplifying module PA and the output module are sequentially connected, and the first detection module of the second hierarchical network is connected with the output end of the input module. The second detection module is connected with the output end of the amplifying module PA, the third detection module is connected with the output end of the load, the first detection module, the second detection module and the third detection module are respectively connected with the control module, and the gain adjusting module is respectively connected with the control module and the amplifying module PA.
The method comprises the steps of realizing microwave signal amplification processing through a first hierarchical network, detecting input signals, output signals and conversion signals in the first hierarchical network through a second hierarchical network, calculating gain adjustment quantity through a third hierarchical network, and realizing gain adjustment of the first hierarchical network through a gain adjustment module of the second hierarchical network based on calculation results. The system reduces the difference between the actual gain of the amplification module PA and the set gain, and enables the actual gain to reach the preset gain through gain adjustment.
And further detecting the signal intensity after load side conversion through a third detection module, and when the detected signal intensity after load conversion does not reach a preset conversion signal intensity threshold value, calculating the gain adjustment quantity through a control module again, sending a control command to a gain adjustment module, and receiving the control command by the gain adjustment module to realize gain adjustment of the amplifying module PA. Therefore, the influence of the load on the gain of the microwave power amplifier is effectively reduced, and the signal converted by the load can reach the optimal state.
In the second-level network operation, the first detection module transmits the detected input signal intensity to the control module, the second detection module transmits the detected output signal intensity to the control module, the third detection module transmits the detected converted signal intensity to the control module, and the control module calculates the real gain according to the input signal intensity and the output signal intensity. The real-time gain calculated by the control module is compared with a preset gain, the gain quantity required to be adjusted for the first time is calculated according to the comparison result, and the gain adjustment module is controlled to carry out primary adjustment on the gain of the amplifying module PA based on the calculated gain quantity required to be adjusted for the first time.
The control module in the third level network compares the acquired real-time conversion signal intensity with a preset conversion signal intensity threshold value, calculates gain quantity to be regulated again according to a comparison result, and controls the gain regulating module to regulate the gain of the amplifying module PA again according to the calculated gain regulating quantity.
The gain adjusting module can be a circuit provided with a capacitor, a resistor and a field effect tube, wherein the capacitor, the resistor and the field effect tube are sequentially connected in series, one end of the capacitor is connected with the input end of the amplifying module PA after being connected in series, one end of the field effect tube is connected with the output end of the amplifying module PA, and the capacitor, the resistor and the field effect tube are connected with the ground in series.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the gain adjustment module may further include an inductor L, a diode D, a first resistor R 1, a second resistor R 2, and a capacitor C, where one end of the inductor L is connected to the power supply, the other end is connected to the output end of the amplifying module PA, the anode of the diode D is connected to the output end of the amplifying module PA, the cathode of the diode D is connected to the first resistor R 1 and the second resistor R 2, respectively, and the second resistor R 2 is connected to the capacitor C in series and then grounded. The power supply VCC supplies a high-level operating voltage to the amplifying module PA via the inductance L. The first resistor R 1 is a control resistor, in order to control on or off of the diode D, the control voltage Vctrl needs to be provided to the diode D, and the linear working capacity of the diode D for bearing signal power can be correspondingly adjusted by adjusting the value of the control voltage Vctrl and the resistance value of the control resistor, namely the resistance value of the first resistor R 1, so as to realize adjustment of gain.
A gain adjustment method of a microwave power amplifier, based on any one of the gain adjustment systems of the microwave power amplifier, comprising the steps of:
S1: inputting signals to an input module of the microwave power amplifier, transmitting the signals to an amplifying module by the input module, detecting the intensity of the input signals by a first detecting module, and detecting the intensity of the signals amplified by the amplifying module by a second detecting module;
S2: the control module calculates real-time gain according to the input signal strength and the amplified real-time signal strength, compares the real-time gain with a preset gain range, and does not need to carry out gain adjustment if the real-time gain is in the preset gain range; if the real-time gain is not within the preset gain range, executing the step S3;
s3: calculating a primary gain adjustment amount, and primarily adjusting the gain of the amplifying module according to the primary gain adjustment amount;
S4: the third detection module detects the signal intensity after load conversion;
s5: comparing the signal intensity after load conversion with a preset conversion signal intensity threshold value, calculating a readjusted gain amount, and readjusting according to the readjusted gain amount;
S6: detecting the signal intensity after load conversion in real time, judging whether the converted signal intensity is equal to a preset conversion signal intensity threshold value, and if so, executing the step S7; if not, executing the steps S1-S5 again;
S7: the load outputs the converted target signal strength.
Preferably, the specific calculation process for calculating the real-time gain in step S2 is as follows: and calculating the ratio of the amplified real-time signal strength to the input signal strength.
Preferably, the specific calculation process of calculating the primary adjustment gain in step S3 is that if the real-time gain is lower than the lower limit value of the preset gain range, the primary gain adjustment is obtained by subtracting the real-time gain from the median value of the preset gain range; and if the real-time gain is higher than the high limit value of the preset gain range, obtaining the primary gain adjustment quantity by subtracting the median value of the preset gain range from the real-time gain.
Preferably, the process of calculating the readjusting gain amount in step S5 is:
s51: establishing a first function of the relationship between the load converted signal intensity and the amplified signal intensity, and establishing a second function of the relationship between the gain adjustment amount and the amplified signal intensity;
S52: calculating the required amplified signal strength according to a first function based on a preset conversion signal strength threshold;
s53: reversely calculating a readjustment gain according to a second function based on the required amplified signal strength;
The first function is: s T=Kt·SA +b, wherein S T is the signal intensity after conversion; s A is the amplified signal strength; k t is the change rate of the signal intensity after conversion along with the change of the signal intensity after amplification; b is the base number of the converted signal intensity changing along with the amplified signal intensity, different microwave power amplifiers correspond to different b values, and one microwave power amplifier corresponds to a fixed b value;
The second function is: s A=(1+ΔG)·SIN, wherein S A is the amplified signal strength, Δg is the gain adjustment amount, and S IN is the input signal strength.
In the scheme, the primary gain adjustment is primary regulation, so that the primary gain adjustment of the microwave power amplifier is realized, the output signal strength of the amplifier is influenced due to the fact that the actual gain is inconsistent with the preset gain, and further the load conversion is influenced. The gain is adjusted again to fine adjustment, and the gain amount is adjusted again through the reverse calculation of the signal intensity of load conversion. The optimal state of the load converted signal can be achieved based on the initial and readjustment of the amplifier gain and the subsequent multiple cyclic adjustments when the preset converted signal strength threshold has not been reached.
In summary, according to the gain adjustment system and method for a microwave power amplifier provided by the invention, the processing of microwave signal amplification is realized through the first-level network, the detection of the input signal, the output signal and the converted signal in the first-level network is realized through the second-level network, the calculation of the gain adjustment amount is realized through the third-level network, and the gain adjustment of the first-level network is realized through the gain adjustment module based on the calculation result. The system reduces the difference between the actual gain of the amplifying module PA and the set gain, and effectively reduces the influence of the load on the gain of the microwave power amplifier.
The above examples merely illustrate specific embodiments of the application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it is possible for a person skilled in the art to make several variants and modifications without departing from the technical idea of the application, which fall within the scope of protection of the application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for adjusting gain of a microwave power amplifier, comprising the steps of:
S1: inputting signals to an input module of the microwave power amplifier, transmitting the signals to an amplifying module by the input module, detecting the intensity of the input signals by a first detecting module, and detecting the intensity of the signals amplified by the amplifying module by a second detecting module;
S2: the control module calculates real-time gain according to the input signal strength and the amplified real-time signal strength, compares the real-time gain with a preset gain range, and does not need to carry out gain adjustment if the real-time gain is in the preset gain range; if the real-time gain is not within the preset gain range, executing the step S3;
s3: calculating a primary gain adjustment amount, and primarily adjusting the gain of the amplifying module according to the primary gain adjustment amount;
S4: the third detection module detects the signal intensity after load conversion;
s5: comparing the signal intensity after load conversion with a preset conversion signal intensity threshold value, calculating a readjusted gain amount, and readjusting according to the readjusted gain amount;
S6: detecting the signal intensity after load conversion in real time, judging whether the converted signal intensity is equal to a preset conversion signal intensity threshold value, and if so, executing the step S7; if not, executing the steps S1-S5 again;
S7: the load outputs the converted target signal strength.
2. The method for adjusting gain of a microwave power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the specific calculation process for calculating the real-time gain in step S2 is as follows: and calculating the ratio of the amplified real-time signal strength to the input signal strength.
3. The method for adjusting gain of a microwave power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the specific calculation process of calculating the primary adjustment gain in step S3 is that if the real-time gain is lower than the lower limit value of the preset gain range, the primary gain adjustment is obtained by subtracting the real-time gain from the median value of the preset gain range; and if the real-time gain is higher than the high limit value of the preset gain range, obtaining the primary gain adjustment quantity by subtracting the median value of the preset gain range from the real-time gain.
4. The method for adjusting gain of a microwave power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 of calculating the readjusting gain comprises:
s51: establishing a first function of the relationship between the load converted signal intensity and the amplified signal intensity, and establishing a second function of the relationship between the gain adjustment amount and the amplified signal intensity;
S52: calculating the required amplified signal strength according to a first function based on a preset conversion signal strength threshold;
s53: reversely calculating a readjustment gain according to a second function based on the required amplified signal strength;
The first function is: s T=Kt·SA +b, wherein S T is the signal intensity after conversion; s A is the amplified signal strength; k t is the change rate of the signal intensity after conversion along with the change of the signal intensity after amplification; b is the base number of the change of the converted signal intensity along with the amplified signal intensity;
The second function is: s A=(1+ΔG)·SIN, wherein S A is the amplified signal strength, Δg is the gain adjustment amount, and S IN is the input signal strength.
5. A gain adjustment system of a microwave power amplifier for implementing the gain adjustment method of a microwave power amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gain adjustment system comprises a first hierarchical network, a second hierarchical network and a third hierarchical network, the first hierarchical network comprises an input module, an amplifying module and an output module, and an output end of the output module is connected with a load; the second hierarchical network comprises a first detection module, a second detection module, a third detection module and a gain adjustment module; the third hierarchical network comprises a control module;
the input module is used for providing an input signal;
The first detection module is used for detecting the intensity of the input signal;
The amplifying module is used for carrying out signal enhancement processing on the input signal;
the second detection module is used for detecting the signal intensity of the signal after the signal enhancement processing;
the output module is used for transmitting the signal subjected to the signal enhancement processing to a load for signal conversion;
the third detection module is used for detecting the intensity of the signals after load conversion;
the gain adjusting module is used for adjusting the gain of the amplifying module in real time;
The control module is used for calculating gain adjustment quantity according to the signal intensity detection results of the first detection module, the second detection module and the third detection module and controlling the gain adjustment module to adjust the gain of the amplifying module.
6. The gain adjustment system of a microwave power amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the input module, the amplifying module, and the output module of the first hierarchical network are sequentially connected; the first detection module of the second hierarchical network is connected with the output end of the input module, the second detection module is connected with the output end of the amplifying module, the third detection module is connected with the output end of the load, the first detection module, the second detection module and the third detection module are respectively connected with the control module, and the gain adjusting module is respectively connected with the control module and the amplifying module.
7. The gain adjustment system of a microwave power amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the first detection module transmits the detected input signal strength to the control module, the second detection module transmits the detected output signal strength to the control module, the third detection module transmits the detected converted signal strength to the control module, and the control module calculates the real-time gain based on the input signal strength and the output signal strength.
8. The gain adjustment system of a microwave power amplifier according to claim 7, wherein the real-time gain calculated by the control module is compared with a preset gain, the gain amount to be adjusted is calculated according to the comparison result, and the gain adjustment module is controlled to perform primary adjustment on the gain of the amplifying module.
9. The gain adjustment system of a microwave power amplifier according to claim 8, wherein the control module compares the acquired real-time converted signal strength with a preset converted signal strength threshold value, calculates the gain amount to be readjusted according to the comparison result, and controls the gain adjustment module to readjust the gain of the amplifying module according to the calculated gain adjustment amount.
10. The gain adjusting system of a microwave power amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the gain adjusting module comprises an inductor L, a diode D, a first resistor R 1, a second resistor R 2, and a capacitor C, one end of the inductor L is connected to a power supply, the other end is connected to an output end of the amplifying module PA, an anode of the diode D is connected to the output end of the amplifying module PA, a cathode of the diode D is connected to the first resistor R 1 and the second resistor R 2, respectively, and the second resistor R 2 is connected to the capacitor C in series and then grounded.
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