CN118065835A - A coiled tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a continuous tubing-propelled perforating and bridge plugging system. It mainly solves the problem of high cost, time-consuming, labor-intensive and low efficiency in the two-trip construction of continuous tubing-drag perforating in existing oil and gas wells. It is characterized in that: the continuous tubing is connected to a ball-dropping perforating detonator and several levels of delayed perforating units; the last-level delayed detonation device is connected to a bridge plug ignition device and a bridge plug tool; the method of using the continuous tubing is as follows: by constructing a pipe string for perforating and bridge plug sealing, the top-level ball-dropping perforating detonator is detonated by wellhead pressurization to achieve the top-level perforating gun to complete the perforation of the top reservoir, and then the time for the next-level perforating gun to be detonated is delayed by the delayed detonation device, and the continuous tubing is used to advance the perforating gun string, and the second-level perforating gun is aimed at the second perforating layer. After the delay time is up, the second-level perforating gun is detonated by explosion to complete the perforation, and the perforation is completed step by step by step. The system is completed in one trip, which saves time and labor and improves construction efficiency.

Description

A coiled tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system and method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of oilfield testing technology, and in particular to a continuous tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system and method.

Background technique

Large-scale fracturing by segmented perforation of horizontal well casing is an effective way to develop tight oil and shale oil. It mainly adopts long horizontal sections, multi-stage clusters, high displacement, and large liquid volume fracturing to improve seepage conditions, increase formation energy, and increase the initial production and final recovery rate of single wells. Cluster perforation and bridge plug combination technology is an important supporting technology for large-scale fracturing by segmented perforation of horizontal well casing, which can realize segmented fracturing of oil and gas wells. The principle of cluster perforation and bridge plug combination technology is to transport the perforator and bridge plug to the target layer, and complete the bridge plug setting and segmented perforation in one well. The fractured well section is sealed by the bridge plug, and the unfractured well section is clustered and perforated to provide a channel for fluid injection into the formation for hydraulic fracturing. Then, the well section is fractured. After the fracturing construction is completed, cluster perforation and bridge plug combination are used again to complete the fracturing of the next well section.

However, in wells with casing changes or poor well conditions that make pumping impossible, the only way to complete the construction is to use coiled tubing to drag delayed cluster perforation. This type of coiled tubing drag perforation is a common construction technology used in the first layer construction or casing change construction of oil and gas wells in the current shale oil and gas perforation development field. This technology first transports the pipe string to the layer close to the bottom of the well, and then gradually lifts and drags the pipe string to perform perforation layer by layer.

This construction method has the following problems: when there is a perforated channel in the well section, the annulus cannot build up pressure and the bridge-shooting joint construction cannot be completed. Therefore, for the construction that requires perforation and bridge plug sealing, the continuous tubing dragging perforation and bridge plug operation requires two trips of construction, first the bridge plug is used to complete the sealing, and then the perforating gun is used to complete the perforation, which increases the construction time, construction costs, labor intensity of on-site construction, and reduces construction efficiency. It is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing oil and gas well continuous tubing dragging perforation and bridge plug operation in the background technology, which requires two construction trips, first a bridge plug to complete the plugging, and then a perforating gun to complete the perforation, which has the problem of high cost, time-consuming, labor-intensive and low construction efficiency, and provide a continuous tubing propulsion perforation and bridge plug joint system, which is completed in one construction trip, saves time and labor, reduces construction costs, and improves construction efficiency. The present invention also provides a continuous tubing propulsion perforation and bridge plug joint method.

The present invention solves the problem through the following technical solution: the continuous tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system comprises a continuous tubing, wherein the continuous tubing is threadedly connected in sequence with a ball-dropping hole-opening detonating device, a plurality of stages of delayed perforating units, a bridge plug ignition device, and a bridge plug tool to form a pipe string; the delayed perforating unit is formed by a perforating gun, a detonation transmission joint, and a delayed transmission device connected in sequence.

Preferably, the ball-throwing and hole-opening detonating device is connected to the delayed perforating unit and adjacent delayed perforating units through a gun connecting joint.

Preferably, the detonation transmission joint includes a main body, the inner cavity of the main body is equipped with a piston assembly and a detonator; a piston sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the piston assembly; a retaining ring is arranged on the right end of the piston assembly; the retaining ring is threadedly connected to the main body; the inner thread of the retaining ring is connected to the detonator; the left end of the main body is threadedly connected to the perforating gun, and the right end is threadedly connected to the bridge plug ignition device.

Preferably, the piston assembly includes a piston, a safety pin, and a piston sealing ring.

Preferably, a sealing ring is arranged between the piston sleeve, the retaining ring and the body.

Preferably, the bridge plug ignition device comprises an ignition body, an igniter is assembled in the inner hole of the ignition body, and the right end of the igniter is connected to a plug.

The present invention also provides a method for performing continuous tubing propulsion perforation and bridge plugging, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Step 1: using a push perforation method, the pipe string is pushed to the uppermost perforation layer in the casing of the oil and gas well, pressurizing the coiled tubing through the wellhead, and outputting detonation under the action of the ball-dropping perforation detonator to detonate the uppermost perforating gun and complete the perforation of the uppermost layer;

Step 2, then the top perforating gun outputs detonation, detonates the detonation transmission joint, and then outputs detonation and then detonates the delayed transmission device to delay combustion, and the coiled tubing is used to continue to push the pipe string downward, so that the second-stage perforating gun of the pipe string is aimed at the second perforation layer in the casing from top to bottom, and after the delay time of the delayed transmission device expires, the second-stage perforating gun perforates to complete the perforation of the second layer;

Step 3, repeating steps 1 and 2 to push the pipe string downward, detonating the third-stage and multi-stage perforating guns one by one, after the lowest-stage perforating gun detonates and perforates, the perforating gun outputs detonation, detonates the detonation transmission joint, and then outputs detonation and detonates the delayed transmission device for combustion delay, and the pipe string is continuously pushed downward by the continuous oil pipe, so that the lowest-stage bridge plug tool is aligned with the bridge plug setting position, and after the delay time of the delayed transmission device is up, the detonation is output to detonate the bridge plug ignition device, and the bridge plug ignition device outputs flame to ignite the gunpowder in the bridge plug tool, and the gunpowder burns and outputs the setting force to complete the bridge plug setting.

Preferably, the perforating gun outputs detonation, and the detonating detonation transmission joint constitutes the detonation input by the upper level. The piston is pushed downward by the detonation input by the upper level through the left end face of the flat end of the piston of the detonation transmission joint, and the safety pin is sheared. The firing pin of the safety pin hits the end face of the detonator to ignite, and the detonation is output again, thereby realizing the amplification and transmission of the detonation.

Preferably, after the delay time of the delayed explosion transmission device is up, a detonation is output, and the bridge plug ignition device receives the detonation from the detonation transmission joint and ignites the igniter. The right end of the igniter is the output end, which outputs a flame to ignite the gunpowder in the next-level bridge plug tool.

The present invention has a new design of a construction method of continuous tubing-propelled perforating and bridge plug sealing. The working principle is as follows: the present invention designs a bridge plug ignition device that can detonate the bridge plug tool with the lowest level perforating gun. By constructing a pipe string that works in conjunction with perforating and bridge plug sealing, the highest level ball-dropping perforating detonation device is detonated by wellhead pressurization, so that the highest level perforating gun completes the perforation of the uppermost reservoir. Then, the time for the detonation of the next level perforating gun is delayed by the delayed detonation device, and the perforating gun string is advanced by continuous tubing. The second level perforating gun is aimed at the second perforating layer. After the delay time is up, the second level perforating gun is detonated to complete the perforation, and the gun string is advanced downward one by one to complete the perforation step by step. After the lowest level perforating gun completes the perforation, the delay time is continued, the pipe string is advanced, the bridge plug tool is aimed at its bridge plug sealing position, and the delayed detonation device is detonated to detonate the bridge plug ignition device to achieve work on the bridge plug tool. Compared with the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention can have the following beneficial effects:

The present invention proposes a method for using a continuous oil pipe to carry out a joint operation of propulsion perforation and bridge plug setting, and also proposes a device and method for igniting gunpowder in a bridge plug tool by using detonation.

The present invention realizes the completion of bridge plugging and perforating construction by running the continuous oil pipe into the well once, which changes the original construction mode of running the pipe into the well twice to complete bridge plugging and perforating. The construction efficiency is improved by 50%, the labor intensity of the workers is reduced, and the loss of equipment and oil is reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Accompanying drawing 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detonation transmission joint of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bridge plug ignition device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Coiled tubing; 2. Ball-dropping hole-opening detonator; 3. Gun-connector; 4. Perforating gun; 5. Detonation transmission connector; 6. Delayed detonation transmission device; 7. Bridge plug ignition device; 8. Bridge plug tool; 9. Piston; 10. Safety pin; 11. Piston seal ring; 12. Piston sleeve; 13. Piston retaining ring; 14. Main body; 15. Detonator; 16. Ignition main body; 17. Ignitor; 18. Plug.

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figure 1, the coiled tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system comprises a coiled tubing 1 and a ball-dropping perforating detonator 2; the coiled tubing 1 is threadedly connected to the ball-dropping perforating detonator 2; the ball-dropping perforating detonator 2 is sequentially connected to a plurality of delayed perforating units via a gun-connecting joint 3; the delayed perforating unit is formed by sequentially connecting a perforating gun 4, a detonation transmission joint 5, and a delayed transmission device 6; the delayed transmission device 6 of the last delayed perforating unit is connected to a bridge plug ignition device 7 and a bridge plug tool 8; and the adjacent delayed perforating units are connected via a gun-connecting joint 3.

As shown in Figure 2, the detonation transmission joint 5 includes a body 14, the inner cavity of the body 14 is equipped with a piston assembly and a detonator 15, the piston assembly includes a piston 9, a safety pin 10, and a piston sealing ring 11; a piston sleeve 12 is sleeved on the outside of the piston assembly; a retaining ring 13 is placed on the right end of the piston assembly; the retaining ring 13 is threadedly connected to the body 14; the inner thread of the retaining ring 13 is connected to the detonator 15; a sealing ring is placed between the piston sleeve 12, the retaining ring 13 and the body 14.

The left end of the body 14 is threadedly connected to the perforating gun 4 , and the right end is threadedly connected to the bridge plug ignition device 7 .

As shown in FIG3 , the bridge plug ignition device 7 comprises an ignition body 16 , an igniter 17 is mounted in the inner hole of the ignition body 16 , and a plug 18 is connected to the right end of the igniter 17 , and the plug 18 is used to limit the igniter.

The assembly method and working principle of the detonation transmission joint are as follows:

After the piston is assembled with the piston sealing ring, it is assembled into the piston sleeve from the flat end, aligned with the safety pin hole, and then assembled with the safety pin. The assembled piston assembly is then assembled to the body, and then the retaining ring and the detonator are assembled.

Working principle: The detonation input from the upper stage pushes the piston downward through the left end face of the flat end of the piston 9 of the detonation transmission joint, shearing off the safety pin 10. The firing pin of the safety pin 10 hits the end face of the detonator 15 to ignite, outputting the detonation again, thereby realizing the amplification and transmission of the detonation.

The assembly method and working principle of the bridge plug ignition device are as follows:

Push the igniter into place from the right end of the ignition body, and then screw the plug to the upper limit.

Working principle: the bridge plug ignition device 7 receives the detonation of the detonation transmission joint and ignites the igniter 17. The right end of the igniter is the output end, which outputs flames to ignite the gunpowder in the next-level bridge plug tool.

The method of continuous tubing propulsion perforation and bridge plugging includes the following steps:

Step 1: using a push perforation method, the pipe string is pushed to the uppermost perforation layer in the casing of the oil and gas well, pressurizing the coiled tubing 1 through the wellhead, and outputting detonation under the action of the ball-dropping perforation detonator to detonate the uppermost perforating gun 4 to complete the perforation of the uppermost layer;

Step 2, the top perforating gun 4 then outputs detonation, detonates the detonation transmission joint 5, and then outputs detonation and then detonates the delayed detonation transmission device 6 to delay combustion, and the coiled tubing 1 is used to continue to push the pipe string downward, so that the second-stage perforating gun of the pipe string is aimed at the second perforation layer in the casing from top to bottom, and after the delay time of the delayed detonation transmission device 6 expires, the second-stage perforating gun perforates to complete the perforation of the second layer;

Step 3, repeatedly push the pipe string downward, detonate the third-stage and multi-stage perforating guns one by one, after the lowest-stage perforating gun detonates and perforates, the perforating gun outputs detonation, detonates the detonation transmission joint 5, and then outputs detonation and detonates the delayed transmission device 6 for combustion delay, and the continuous oil pipe 1 is used to continue to push the pipe string downward, so that the lowest-stage bridge plug tool 8 is aligned with the bridge plug setting position, and after the delay time of the delayed transmission device 6 is reached, the detonation is output to detonate the bridge plug ignition device 7, and the bridge plug ignition device outputs flame to ignite the gunpowder in the bridge plug tool, and the gunpowder burns and outputs the setting force to complete the bridge plug setting.

The perforating gun outputs detonation, detonates the detonation transmission joint 5, and the piston is pushed downward by the detonation input from the upper level through the left end face of the flat end of the piston 9 of the detonation transmission joint, shearing off the safety pin 10, and the firing pin of the safety pin 10 hits the end face of the detonator 15 to ignite, outputting detonation again, thereby realizing the amplification and transmission of the detonation.

After the delay time of the delayed explosion transmission device 6 is up, detonation is output, and the bridge plug ignition device 7 receives the detonation of the detonation transmission joint and ignites the igniter 17. The right end of the igniter is the output end, which outputs flames to ignite the gunpowder in the next-level bridge plug tool 8.

Example 1

The coiled tubing 1 is threadedly connected in sequence to a ball-dropping perforating detonator 2, several levels of delayed perforating units, a bridge plug ignition device 7, and a bridge plug tool 8 to form a pipe string; the ball-dropping perforating detonator 2 is connected in sequence to several levels of delayed perforating units through a gun connector 3, and the delayed perforating unit is formed by sequentially connecting a perforating gun 4, a detonation transmission connector 5, and a delayed transmission device 6; the delayed transmission device 6 of the last level of delayed perforating unit is connected to the bridge plug ignition device 7 and the bridge plug tool 8.

The coiled tubing 1, the ball-dropping hole-opening detonator 2, the gun joint 3, the perforating gun 4, and the delayed explosion-transmitting device 6 are all devices commonly used for perforating oil and gas wells; the bridge plug ignition device 7 is internally equipped with a composite igniter, the input end of which is connected to the delayed explosion-transmitting device 6, and receives the detonation output by the delayed explosion-transmitting device for ignition; the output end of the bridge plug ignition device is connected to the bridge plug tool, and the output ignites the gunpowder in the bridge plug tool to perform work.

Before the ball is dropped, the pipe string of the ball-throwing and perforating blasting device 2 is pushed into the well to reach the target layer. The magnetic positioning instrument can be pumped through the continuous oil pipe and the drainage holes on both sides of the ball-throwing and perforating blasting device 2 to calibrate the pipe string depth. After the depth calibration and positioning are accurate, the ball can be pumped in a small displacement to the ball seat of the ball-throwing and perforating blasting device 2 to bear the pressure. The blasting device is ignited by continuous pressurization to complete the perforating of the top-level perforating gun.

The output end of the perforating gun 4 in the pipe string structure can be repeatedly connected to the detonation transmission joint, the delayed detonation transmission device, the gun connection joint, and the perforating gun, wherein the detonation transmission joint 5, the delayed detonation transmission device 6, the gun connection joint 3, and the perforating gun 4 are connected as a repeating unit.

The pipe string adopts a push-type perforating method. After the pipe string is pushed to the uppermost perforating layer in the casing of the oil and gas well, after the ball is pumped, pressure is added to the coiled tubing through the wellhead, and the ball-dropping perforating detonator 2 outputs detonation to detonate the uppermost perforating gun 4 to complete the perforation of the uppermost layer. Then the uppermost perforating gun outputs detonation, detonates the detonation transmission joint 5, and then outputs detonation and detonates the delayed detonation transmission device 6 for burning delay, and the continuous oil pipe 1 is used to continue to push the pipe string downward, so that the second-stage perforating gun of the pipe string is aimed at the second perforation layer in the casing from top to bottom, and after the delay time of the delayed detonation transmission device 6 is up, the second-stage perforating gun perforates to complete the perforation of the second layer, and the pipe string is repeatedly pushed downward, and the third-stage and multi-stage perforating guns are successively detonated. After the lowest-stage perforating gun detonates and perforates, the perforating gun outputs detonation, detonates the detonation transmission joint 5, and then outputs detonation and detonates the delayed detonation transmission device 6 for burning delay, and the continuous oil pipe 1 is used to continue to push the pipe string downward, so that the lowest-stage bridge plug tool is aimed at the bridge plug setting position, and after the delay time of the delayed detonation transmission device is up, detonation is output to detonate the bridge plug ignition device, and the bridge plug ignition device outputs flame to ignite the gunpowder in the bridge plug tool, and the gunpowder burns and outputs the setting force to complete the bridge plug setting.

The method is based on starting with perforating by the top perforating gun of the pipe string, pushing the pipe string downward step by step, and advancing the pipe string by delaying the burning time of the delayed explosion transmission device between two detonations.

The above description is only an illustrative specific implementation mode of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any technician in the field without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should also be noted that the various components of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned overall application. The various technical features described in the specification of the present invention can be selected one by one or multiple ones can be selected and used in combination according to actual needs. Therefore, the present invention naturally covers other combinations and specific applications related to the invention point of this case.

Claims (9)

1. A coiled tubing propulsion type perforating and bridge plugging system, comprising a coiled tubing (1), characterized in that: the coiled tubing (1) is threadedly connected in sequence to a ball-dropping perforating detonator (2), a plurality of delayed perforating units, a bridge plug ignition device (7), and a bridge plug tool (8) to form a pipe string; the delayed perforating unit is formed by sequentially connecting a perforating gun (4), a detonation transmission joint (5), and a delayed transmission device (6). 2. The coiled tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the ball-dropping perforating detonating device (2) is connected to the delayed perforating unit and adjacent delayed perforating units through a gun connecting joint (3). 3. The coiled tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the detonation transmission joint (5) comprises a body (14), the inner cavity of the body (14) is equipped with a piston assembly and a detonator (15); a piston sleeve (12) is sleeved on the outside of the piston assembly; a retaining ring (13) is arranged on the right end of the piston assembly; the retaining ring (13) is threadedly connected to the body (14); the inner thread of the retaining ring (13) is connected to the detonator (15); the left end of the body (14) is threadedly connected to the perforating gun (4), and the right end is threadedly connected to the bridge plug ignition device (7). 4. The coiled tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system according to claim 3, characterized in that the piston assembly comprises a piston (9), a safety pin (10), and a piston sealing ring (11). 5. The coiled tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system according to claim 3, characterized in that a sealing ring is disposed between the piston sleeve (12), the retaining ring (13) and the body (14). 6. The coiled tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bridge plug ignition device (7) comprises an ignition body (16), an igniter (17) is mounted in the inner hole of the ignition body (16), and the right end of the igniter (17) is connected to a plug (18). 7. A method for performing coiled tubing propulsion perforation and bridge plugging using the system of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1: using a push perforation method, the pipe string is pushed to the uppermost perforation layer in the casing of the oil and gas well, pressurizing the coiled tubing (1) through the wellhead, and outputting detonation under the action of the ball-dropping perforation detonator (2), detonating the uppermost perforating gun (4), and completing the perforation of the uppermost layer; Step 2, the top perforating gun (4) then outputs detonation, detonates the detonation transmission joint (5), and then outputs detonation and detonates the delayed detonation transmission device (6) to delay combustion, and the coiled tubing (1) is used to continue to push the pipe string downward, so that the second-stage perforating gun (4) of the pipe string is aligned with the second perforation layer in the casing from top to bottom, and after the delay time of the delayed detonation transmission device (6) expires, the second-stage perforating gun (4) perforates to complete the perforation of the second layer; Step 3, repeating steps 1 and 2 to push the pipe string downward, and successively detonating the third-stage and multi-stage perforating guns (4). After the lowest-stage perforating gun (4) detonates and perforates, the perforating gun (4) outputs detonation, detonates the detonation transmission joint (5), and then outputs detonation and detonates the delayed transmission device (6) to delay combustion. The pipe string is further pushed downward by the continuous oil pipe (1), so that the lowest-stage bridge plug tool (8) is aligned with the bridge plug setting position. After the delay time of the delayed transmission device (6) is reached, the detonation is output to detonate the bridge plug ignition device (7). The bridge plug ignition device (7) outputs flame to ignite the gunpowder in the bridge plug tool (8), and the gunpowder burns to output the setting force to complete the bridge plug setting. 8. The method of continuous tubing-propelled perforating and bridge plugging according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the perforating gun (4) outputs detonation, the detonating detonation transmission joint (5) constitutes the detonation input by the upper stage, and the piston is pushed downward by the detonation input by the upper stage through the left end face of the flat end of the piston of the detonation transmission joint, the safety pin is cut off, and the firing pin of the safety pin hits the end face of the detonator to ignite, and the detonation is output again, so as to realize the amplification and transmission of the detonation. 9. The method of continuous tubing propulsion perforating and bridge plugging according to claim 7 is characterized in that: after the delayed time of the delayed explosion transmission device (6) is reached, a detonation is output, and the bridge plug ignition device (7) receives the detonation of the detonation transmission joint and ignites the igniter (17), and the right end of the igniter is the output end, which outputs flames to ignite the gunpowder in the next-level bridge plug tool (8).