CN1180547C - Wireless network comprising time slot ordering structure - Google Patents
Wireless network comprising time slot ordering structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN1180547C CN1180547C CNB011173998A CN01117399A CN1180547C CN 1180547 C CN1180547 C CN 1180547C CN B011173998 A CNB011173998 A CN B011173998A CN 01117399 A CN01117399 A CN 01117399A CN 1180547 C CN1180547 C CN 1180547C
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/535—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on resource usage policies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
- H04W4/08—User group management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/04—Scheduled access
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Abstract
The network has several terminals and an associated central station for allocating time slices of a subsequent time multiplex frame for wireless transmission of packets after receiving a request for transmission of packets during a previous time multiplex frame. After receiving all requests the central station determines a first subset of all transmit terminals intending to send packets to several receive terminals and a second subset of the remaining transmit terminals, sequences the transmit terminals according to the number of receive terminals they intend to transmit to, divides receive terminals associated with a transmit terminal into a first group containing all receive terminals already used as transmit terminals and a second group with all other receive terminals, sequences the receive terminals in both groups according to the transmit sequence as transmit terminals and first selects the receive terminals in the second group.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of communication means of in the wireless network of the central station that comprises a plurality of terminals and an appointment, using, in a time multiplexed frame, receive after the request of the wireless transmission grouping that sends between terminal and the receiving terminal, this network is provided for distributing the time slot of next time-multiplexed frame, to be used for from sending the wireless transmission that terminal is divided into groups to receiving terminal.
Background technology
Any data or grouping can both send by the wireless network of this type.For example, in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM=asynchronous transfer mode), realize the transmission of a grouping, developed and be used for transmitting multi-medium data between the network of network node or between each equipment of network node.For example between two network nodes of such ATM net, the agreement of relevant transmission parameter before connecting (as, bandwidth) is transmitted, and is inserted in the cell according to various types of data (as video and voice data) of this agreement.These cells are sent to receiving equipment by an one way link then.Whether this receiving equipment verification receives data by error free transmission, and, if necessary, the cell that receiving equipment receives with response to the transmitting apparatus return data.
In fact asynchronous transfer mode has been developed and has been used for by wired media (wire-bound media) (as optical cable or copper cable) transmission data.Yet Wireless ATM Networks also has been developed to replace wired media (wire-bound media).This wireless network transmits such as the data on radio or infrared link, and by learning among EP 0831620 A2.Here adopted a kind of agreement that is used for the MAC layer (MAC=Medium Access Control) of Wireless ATM Network.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wireless network of using best time slot sort algorithm.
This purpose is to realize by a kind of communication means that begins to use in defined a kind of wireless network at this paper, in this network, receive all the request after, provide following steps at this central station:
-determine that one first subclass and one second subclass, first subclass have comprised all that will send grouping to a plurality of receiving terminals and sent terminals, second subclass has comprised remaining and has sent terminal,
-according to the number that successively decreases of the receiving terminal of distributing to a transmission terminal, determine the sending order of the transmission terminal in first subclass,
-be subdivided into one first group and one second group distributing to a receiving terminal that sends terminal in first subclass, first group comprises all receiving terminals that are used as the transmission terminal, and second group comprises every other receiving terminal,
-according to as the sending order that sends terminal, determine two reception orders in the group,
-at first select second group receiving terminal.
In such wireless network, use the TDMA method, and use certain frequency range.So, for the transceiver of a central station (base station or center terminal), can not change a sending mode into and not delay from a receiving mode, vice versa.A minimum time of can not ignore is arranged between two nodes, be abbreviated as time MT.This time MT is a parameter in the wireless system and passes through the part transceiver and introduce calculating with response media interviews controls (MAC).In order to consider in the wireless network all possible traffic and to give various terminal time enough to change their transmission mode, defined a time of being longer than MT, be called time OTT.The delay that is caused by time OTT will be able to optimization by the present invention.
Central station sorts in proper order to sending order that sends terminal and the reception of distributing to the receiving terminal of a transmission terminal.One first subclass has comprised will send all transmission terminals of grouping to a plurality of receiving terminals, and one second subclass has comprised remaining and sent terminal.The ordering of launch terminal in first subclass be so that having the transmission terminal of maximum receiving terminals can send at first, and the transmission terminal with minimum receiving terminal that is assigned with sends at last.First subclass that is assigned to the receiving terminal that sends terminal is subdivided into two different groups.First group comprises all receiving terminals that have been designated as the transmission terminal before this.Determine that the order of two groups is so that second group receiving terminal can receive data at first.
Can be provided for determining in such a way the sending order of the transmission terminal of second subclass at central station, be exactly at first to select previous neither all that send that terminal neither receiving terminal send terminals, selecting then before was not all transmission terminals of receiving terminal, like this, the transmission terminal in second subclass just sent before or after the transmission terminal of first subclass with this order.
Can also be provided in such a way the transmission terminal of second subclass being divided into the sending order of first subclass at this central station, a transmission terminal is not a receiving terminal in last time slot and back one time slot exactly, and a receiving terminal is not the transmission terminal in last time slot and back one time slot.。
The invention further relates to the communication means that the central station in having the wireless network of a plurality of terminals is used.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrate can be used to implement a kind of communication network of the present invention and
Fig. 2 illustrates and can be used to implement another kind of communication network of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are further described with reference to Fig. 1 and 2.Accompanying drawing represents to be used for the embodiment of a network of transmitted in packets respectively.
The network that comprises an architecture of base station as shown in fig. 1 comprises different base station 1 to 3, the communication between the different wireless terminal 4 of these base stations control.Base station 1 is coupled to a cable network 6 by docking station 5 (gateway) and is divided into groups in exchange between docking station 5 and definite base station 2 and/or 3 according to the address of grouping.Docking station 5 be used for wired network and comprised base station 1 and 3 and the wireless network of terminal 4 between the exchange grouping, this grouping includes such as the Voice ﹠ Video data.Base station 2 and 3 respectively comprises a transceiver, and by this equipment, base station 2 and 3 is through Radio Link 7 and terminal 4 swap datas.Typically, base station 1 to 3 and docking station 5 are by optical cable or cable bond.
The network with an ad hoc structure as shown in Figure 2 comprises different wireless terminal 8 to 11, wherein is called as the communication between the terminal control terminal of controller.Terminal 8 is coupled to a cable network 13 by docking station 12 (gateway).Docking station 12 typically is connected on wired network and the terminal 8 by optical cable or cable.The wireless terminal 8 to 11 (also having the terminal 4 among Fig. 1) that has a transceiver and at least one terminal station respectively is by Radio Link 14 swap datas.A terminal station can be, for example, and a personal computer, a video camera, a digital telephone, a Digital Television or a set-top box.
As discussed above, a terminal among Fig. 2 is configured to a master controller, the radio communication between the control terminal 8 to 11.For example, terminal 11 can be a master controller.Can be implemented in the exchanges data between the terminal 8 to 11.The exchange of control data mainly occurs between terminal 8 to 10 and the controller 11.Yet for terminal 8 to 10, directly exchanging control data also is possible each other.
Communication in the wireless network is based on a tdma frame (TDMA=Time-Division MultipleAccess), and this tdma frame comprises control channel or control time slot and data channel or data slot.Each terminal can by a control channel from a base station (Fig. 1) or the one or more data channels of a controller (Fig. 2) request with transmit cell.Base station or controller are given this terminal 4 or 8 to 10 data channel assignment, thereby data can be transmitted during the next tdma frame after request.
In this network shown in Fig. 1 or 2, use the TDMA method, and use certain frequency range.So, a transceiver for base station or terminal can lingeringly change a sending mode into from a receiving mode, and vice versa.A minimum time of can not ignore is arranged between two nodes, be called time MT.This time MT is a parameter in the wireless system and passes through the part transceiver and introduce calculating with response media interviews controls (MAC).
Consider in the wireless network all possible traffic and give various terminal time enough, defined a time of being longer than MT, be called OTT change-over time to change their transmission mode.In wireless network,, will adopt following described a kind of algorithm, and be used for distributing time slot in transfer of data for the caused delay optimization of OTT change-over time.
In the algorithm that will describe, the timeslot number N that is determined by base station or controller is from the time slot of the tdma frame that is used for transfer of data.This algorithm decision N_i_j time slot is allocated at next tdma frame and sends terminal WT_i to receiving terminal WT_j transmission data from one.Then N_i_j represents to be used for the timeslot number of terminal WT_i, and this terminal WT_i sends grouping to terminal WT_j.For example, 3 groupings are transferred to terminal WT_2{ (N=3) _ 1_2} from terminal WT_1,4 groupings are transferred to terminal WT_4{ (N=5) _ 1_4} from terminal WT_1,4 groupings are transferred to terminal WT_3{ (N=4) _ 1_3} from terminal WT_1,1 grouping is transferred to terminal WT_1{ (N=1) _ 3_1} from terminal WT_3,2 groupings are transferred to terminal WT_2{ (N=2) _ 3_2} from terminal WT_3,2 groupings are transferred to terminal WT_3{ (N=2) _ 2_3} from terminal WT_2,3 groupings are transferred to terminal WT_4{ (N=3) _ 2_4} from terminal WT_2, and 5 groupings are transferred to terminal WT_2{ (N=5) _ 4_2} from terminal WT_4.Here the meaning of (N=x) _ i_j is, the N_i_j time slot offers terminal WT_i, and this terminal transmission x is grouped into terminal WT_j.
Can not determine following transmission sequence when for example, using this algorithm:
|(N＝3)_1_2，(N＝5)_1_4，(N＝4)_1_3，(N＝1)_3_1，(N＝2)_3_2，(N＝2)_2_3，(N＝3)_2_4，(N＝5)_4_2|
Under this transmission sequence, because terminal WT_1 is converted to receiving mode and terminal WT_3 is converted to sending mode from receiving mode from sending mode, therefore during the mode switch from (N=4) _ 1_3 to (N=1) _ 3_1, change-over time, OTT caused a delay; Because terminal WT_3 is converted to receiving mode and terminal WT_2 is converted to sending mode from receiving mode from sending mode, therefore during the mode switch from (N=2) _ 3_2 to (N=2) _ 2_3, change-over time, OTT caused a delay; Because terminal WT_2 is converted to receiving mode and terminal WT_4 is converted to sending mode from receiving mode from sending mode, therefore during the mode switch from (N=3) _ 2_4 to (N=5) _ 4_2, change-over time, OTT caused a delay.
Following algorithm will be to the delay minimization that causes change-over time.At first to each terminal WT_i definition variable R (i), represent the number of receiving terminal, this receiving terminal is at next tdma frame and WT_i swap data.For each N_i_j, then the variation of j be from 1 to R (i) (j=1 ... R (i)).The time slot sum that is used for WT_i then can be represented by variable S (i)
S(i)＝N_i_1+N_i_2+…+N_i_R(i)
For the top example of giving, the result is:
S (1)=12, S (2)=5, S (3)=3, S (4)=5 and R (1)=3, R (2)=2, R (3)=2, R (4)=1.
Next, all transmission terminal WT_i are divided into two subclass A and B.Subclass A has comprised all transmission terminal WT_i of R (i)＞1, and subclass B has comprised all transmission terminal WT_i of R (i)=1.
In the example of being given, the terminal WT_2 of terminal WT_1, the R (2)=2 of R (1)=3 and the terminal WT_3 of R (3)=2 have formed subclass A in the above, and the terminal WT_4 of R (4)=1 has formed subclass B.
Subclass A is determined the order of ordering, thus when R (i)＞R (j) terminal WT_i than the individual grouping of the more first transmission of terminal WT_j S (i).If R (i)=R (j) then selects sending order at random.Determine by this way after the order of ordering,, determine the reception order of its receiving terminal WT_j for a transmission terminal WT_i.The receiving terminal WT_j that reception comes from the grouping that sends terminal WT_i is divided into two group A_1 and A_2.
Group A_1 comprises all the receiving terminal WT_j (before WT_i begins to transmit grouping) that stop to other terminal sends.Group A_2 comprises all receiving terminal WT_j that also do not begin its transmission and will just begin to transmit after terminal WT_i has sent.
For a transmission terminal WT_i, determine the order of receiving terminal WT_j, so that receive the grouping that comes from WT_i after the terminal of all the terminal WT_j among the group A_1 in group A_2.Terminal WT_j ordering among group A_1 and the A_2 is as follows:
Group A_1 (first group) is sorted, if terminal WT_m stops to send (WT_m is that before WT_n sends terminal) earlier than terminal WT_n, then send terminal WT_i and send its grouping at the N_i_m time slot to receiving terminal WT_m earlier, send its grouping at the N_i_n time slot to receiving terminal WT_n then.
Group A_2 (second group) is sorted, if terminal WT_m begins to send (WT_m is that before WT_n sends terminal) earlier than terminal WT_n, then send terminal WT_i and send its grouping at the N_i_m time slot to receiving terminal WT_m earlier, send its grouping at the N_i_n time slot to receiving terminal WT_n then.
Finish the sort algorithm of subclass A thus.
In the example of being given, when carrying out the sort algorithm of subclass A, to sending terminal WT_1 ordering, being to send terminal WT_3 then at first in the above, is to send terminal WT_2 more then.Because R (2)=R (3) can sort to sending terminal WT_2 after WT_1 is sorted, and then to sending terminal WT_3 ordering.For group A_1 and A_2, algorithm described above sorts to the receiving terminal that reception comes from the grouping of WT_1.Order is as follows: | (N=4) _ 1_3, (N=3) _ 1_2, (N=5) _ 1_4|
For the algorithm that sends terminal WT_3 and then employing group of WT_2 A_1 and A_2.Clooating sequence for all terminals among the subclass A is as follows:
|(N＝4)_1_3，(N＝3)_1_2，(N＝5)_1_4，(N＝2)_3_2，(N＝1)_3_1，(N＝3)_2_4，(N＝2)_2_3|
After the ordering that finishes subclass A, next step is that terminal to subclass B sorts.Subclass B comprises K terminal WT_i.Before the terminal of subclass B begins its transmission, define one and send a some p, expression terminal WT_x sends at last, also defines an acceptance point q, represents that the last reception of this terminal comes from the data of any terminal.For the terminal of determining to send at first from subclass B, p and q point to last transmission or receiving terminal in the clooating sequence of determined subclass A before this respectively.
In first step, whether test K=1.If, then among the subclass B only a terminal WT_i enter clooating sequence as last transmission terminal.Determine also that thus this sends the correlation reception terminal of terminal, has only a receiving terminal because all among the subclass B send terminal.Finish the ordering of subclass B then.
In second step, whether test K＞1.If, then terminal WT_i leaves out from subclass B, and receiving terminal receive come from the data of terminal WT_i before, if there is one not to be received a q and to represent also not to be sent out the terminal WT_i that a p represents, then this terminal label is the terminal WT_i of a selection.If this condition satisfies, then terminal WT_i is left out from subclass B and is carried out third step (terminal WT_i does not receive any data in advance and relevant receiving terminal does not send any data in advance).If this condition does not satisfy, then from subclass B, select any one terminal WT_i, the terminal WT_i (terminal WT_I does not receive any data in advance, but relevant receiving terminal sent data in advance) of a selection is not represented and be marked as to this terminal by last acceptance point q.Carry out third step then.
In third step, selected terminal WT_i is placed on the end of distribution list in second step.The terminal WT_i of this selection represents that by sending some p the terminal that receives the data that come from WT_i is represented by acceptance point q.K subtracts 1 and carries out the first step then.
Only there is terminal WT_4 to belong to subclass B in this example.This terminal WT_4 sends 5 groupings to receiving terminal 2.In this mode, as follows for the best clooating sequence of two subclass A and B:
|(N＝4)_1_3，(N＝3)_1_2，(N＝5)_1_4，(N＝2)_3_2，(N＝1)_3_1，(N＝3)_2_4，(N＝2)_2_3，(N＝5)_4_2|
In this example, only produce a delay change-over time of terminal WT_2, because this terminal is converted to receiving mode comes from terminal WT_4 with reception 5 groupings after two groupings of transmission are to terminal WT_3.In other terminal, there is not delay by produced change-over time.For example, terminal WT_1, send 4 groupings to terminal WT_3 after, send 3 groupings to after the terminal WT_2 and send 5 groupings to terminal WT_4 after, during two time slots, have time enough to be converted to receiving mode from sending mode.Terminal WT_3 sends 2 groupings to terminal WT_2 during these two time slots.
Also might determine a kind of like this clooating sequence, send respectively and receive will be early than the terminal of first subclass for the terminal of second subclass exactly.After the clooating sequence of first subclass was determined, the terminal of second subclass also can be distributed in first subclass before the ordering terminal.Should expect that one sends terminal neither neither be at the receiving terminal of back one time slot at last time slot, and a receiving terminal is neither neither be in the transmission terminal of back one time slot at last time slot.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of communication means of in a wireless network of the central station that comprises a plurality of terminals and an appointment, using, in a time multiplexed frame, receive after the request of the wireless transmission grouping that sends between terminal and the receiving terminal, in this network, be provided for distributing the time slot of next time-multiplexed frame, to be used for from sending the wireless transmission that terminal is divided into groups to receiving terminal, it is characterized in that: after receiving all requests, provide following steps at this central station:
-determine that one first subclass and one second subclass, first subclass have comprised all that will send grouping to a plurality of receiving terminals and sent terminals, second subclass has comprised remaining and has sent terminal,
-according to the number that successively decreases of the receiving terminal of distributing to a transmission terminal, determine the sending order of the transmission terminal in first subclass,
-be subdivided into one first group and one second group distributing to a receiving terminal that sends terminal in first subclass, first group comprises all receiving terminals that are used as the transmission terminal, and second group comprises every other receiving terminal,
-according to as the sending order that sends terminal, determine two reception orders in the group,
-at first select second group receiving terminal.
2, according to the communication means of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sending order that is provided for determining in such a way the transmission terminal of second subclass at this central station, be exactly at first to select previous neither all that send that terminal neither receiving terminal send terminals, selecting then before was not all transmission terminals of receiving terminal, like this, the transmission terminal in second subclass just sent before or after the transmission terminal of first subclass with this order.
3, according to the communication means of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sending order that is provided in such a way the transmission terminal of second subclass being divided into first subclass at this central station, a transmission terminal is not a receiving terminal in last time slot and back one time slot exactly, and a receiving terminal is not the transmission terminal in last time slot and back one time slot.
4, the communication means of using in a kind of central station in comprising the wireless network of a plurality of terminals, in a time multiplexed frame, receive after the request of the wireless transmission grouping that sends between terminal and the receiving terminal, be provided for distributing the time slot of next time-multiplexed frame at this central station, to be used for from sending the wireless transmission that terminal is divided into groups to receiving terminal, it is characterized in that: after receiving all requests, provide following steps at this central station:
-determine that one first subclass and one second subclass, first subclass have comprised all that will send grouping to a plurality of receiving terminals and sent terminals, second subclass has comprised remaining and has sent terminal,
-according to the number that successively decreases of the receiving terminal of distributing to a transmission terminal, determine the sending order of the transmission terminal in first subclass,
-be subdivided into one first group and one second group distributing to a receiving terminal that sends terminal in first subclass, first group comprises all receiving terminals that are used as the transmission terminal, and second group comprises every other receiving terminal,
-according to as the sending order that sends terminal, determine two reception orders in the group,
-at first select second group receiving terminal.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10015390A DE10015390A1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2000-03-28 | Wireless network with a time slot sorting mechanism |
| DE10015390.9 | 2000-03-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1321010A CN1321010A (en) | 2001-11-07 |
| CN1180547C true CN1180547C (en) | 2004-12-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011173998A Expired - Fee Related CN1180547C (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2001-03-24 | Wireless network comprising time slot ordering structure |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7136371B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1139607B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001313657A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100714376B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1180547C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10015390A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004047364A1 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-03-30 | Siemens Ag | Method for the spontaneous distribution of data and corresponding data network |
| JP5105834B2 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2012-12-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | CONTROL DEVICE AND ITS CONTROL METHOD, COMMUNICATION DEVICE AND ITS CONTROL METHOD, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, AND PROGRAM |
| CN101459598B (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2011-03-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for implementing packet exchange and system thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4153884A (en) * | 1975-12-16 | 1979-05-08 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Frequency synthesizer for transmitter/receiver using a phase locked loop |
| JPH04153884A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1992-05-27 | Nec Corp | Printed wiring board plotting device |
| DE19637026A1 (en) | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-02 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Local network with terminals intended for radio transmission |
| DE69726845T2 (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 2004-07-08 | Alcatel | Time division multiplexing and associated arrangements for use in a central station and network terminals of a communications network |
| SE523431C2 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2004-04-20 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Method and apparatus in a cellular radio communication system |
| EP1014741A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-06-28 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson | Method for avoiding interruptions in a speech transmission |
| JP2002543500A (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2002-12-17 | アイスリーイー・ホールディングス・エルエルシー | Remote ordering system |
-
2000
- 2000-03-28 DE DE10015390A patent/DE10015390A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-03-21 EP EP01000061A patent/EP1139607B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-21 DE DE50112897T patent/DE50112897D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-24 CN CNB011173998A patent/CN1180547C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-26 US US09/817,457 patent/US7136371B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-26 KR KR1020010015728A patent/KR100714376B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-26 JP JP2001088586A patent/JP2001313657A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10015390A1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| EP1139607A2 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| EP1139607A3 (en) | 2003-11-19 |
| DE50112897D1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
| KR100714376B1 (en) | 2007-05-07 |
| EP1139607B1 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
| US20040202144A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
| KR20010093698A (en) | 2001-10-29 |
| JP2001313657A (en) | 2001-11-09 |
| US7136371B2 (en) | 2006-11-14 |
| CN1321010A (en) | 2001-11-07 |
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