CN118028611B - Thermal state aluminum ash treatment process and device - Google Patents
Thermal state aluminum ash treatment process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN118028611B CN118028611B CN202410431602.6A CN202410431602A CN118028611B CN 118028611 B CN118028611 B CN 118028611B CN 202410431602 A CN202410431602 A CN 202410431602A CN 118028611 B CN118028611 B CN 118028611B
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 223
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
- C22B21/0069—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium, e.g. recovery of alloy constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/002—Dry processes by treating with halogens, sulfur or compounds thereof; by carburising, by treating with hydrogen (hydriding)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明属于铝灰处理技术领域，具体为一种热态铝灰的处理工艺和装置，将热态铝灰倒入熔盐中进行高温减量处理，利用化学反应侵蚀破坏铝液滴表面的固态氧化膜，并通过超重力分离装置实现铝灰中金属铝液滴高温在线分离回收，同时可实现熔盐的循环可持续利用。本发明从铝灰中分离回收的金属铝的回收率达96%以上，纯度为99%以上，本发明处理后铝灰减重量40~50%。
The present invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum ash treatment, and specifically relates to a treatment process and device for hot aluminum ash, wherein the hot aluminum ash is poured into molten salt for high-temperature weight reduction treatment, the solid oxide film on the surface of aluminum droplets is destroyed by chemical reaction erosion, and the high-temperature online separation and recovery of metal aluminum droplets in the aluminum ash is achieved through an ultra-gravity separation device, and the recycling and sustainable utilization of molten salt can be achieved at the same time. The recovery rate of metal aluminum separated and recovered from aluminum ash by the present invention is more than 96%, and the purity is more than 99%. After the treatment by the present invention, the weight of aluminum ash is reduced by 40-50%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum ash treatment, in particular to a thermal state aluminum ash treatment process and a thermal state aluminum ash treatment device.
Background
The aluminum smelting process mainly comprises four steps, namely bauxite Bayer process smelting, aluminum oxide Hall electrolysis, electrolytic aluminum refining and aluminum processing, when the electrolytic aluminum refining is carried out, due to the turbulent motion of a melt, oxidation and other processes, considerable aluminum ash can be generated on the surface of a molten pool, the aluminum ash can be irregularly scraped out of the surface of the molten pool, a large amount of metal aluminum liquid drops are wrapped in the scraped aluminum ash, and as the aluminum oxidation is a continuous exothermic process, the scraped aluminum ash is continuously in a combustion and oxidation atmosphere, and if the aluminum ash is not timely treated, not only the aluminum loss is aggravated, but also the difficulty of aluminum recovery is increased. From the economic and environmental protection points of view, the separation and extraction of metal aluminum from secondary resources is more valuable, lower in energy consumption and shorter in flow than the primary smelting process, and is quite in line with the current development concept of green low carbon.
In the prior art, an ash frying method is often adopted to recycle aluminum resources in aluminum ash, the ash frying method is based on the principle that the aluminum ash is mechanically stirred, and because the ash and molten aluminum liquid drops are not wetted and have density difference, the aluminum liquid drops are preferentially gathered at the bottom of a container to realize slag-aluminum separation in the process of stir-frying, but the mechanical stirring can cause floating movement of particles, so that serious dust raising problem is generated. In addition, the contact probability of the aluminum liquid drops and air is improved during stir-frying, so that the aluminum liquid drops are oxidized again, and the separation efficiency is reduced. In the prior art, aluminum ash is treated by a rotary salt furnace method, the principle is that the corrosion and damage effects of salt flux on an aluminum oxide film are utilized to promote the separation of aluminum liquid drops and a solid film, but the greatest disadvantage of the process is that salt cakes which are difficult to treat can be produced, and the fact that the added molten salt cannot be efficiently recycled is a difficulty in limiting the development of the rotary salt furnace method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention mainly aims to provide a treatment process and a treatment device for thermal aluminum ash, which realize high-temperature online separation and recovery of metal aluminum liquid drops in the aluminum ash and realize sustainable recycling of molten salt.
In order to solve the technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:
a treatment process of thermal aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
s1, melting NaCl and KCl with equal molar ratio into molten salt in a melting furnace;
s2, pouring the thermal aluminum ash into molten salt, and corroding and damaging a solid oxide film on the surface of the aluminum liquid drop by utilizing chloride ions in the molten salt to change a slag-aluminum interface structure;
S3, immersing the hypergravity separation device into molten salt for centrifugal rotation, so that the slag-aluminum solid-liquid mixed melt is continuously sucked into the hypergravity separation device, the oxide solid phase introduced by aluminum ash is collected in the hypergravity separation device, the aluminum liquid and the molten salt are discharged back to the molten salt as liquid phases, the hypergravity separation device is used for extracting the molten salt, and the oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash in the hypergravity separation device is discharged;
S4, repeating the step S3 until no oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash is discharged, thereby realizing aluminum ash reduction treatment; the aluminum liquid and the molten salt remained in the molten salt can be layered due to different densities, the aluminum liquid is at the lower part, the molten salt is at the upper part, when the aluminum liquid amount is accumulated to a certain degree, the aluminum liquid can be pumped out from the bottom of the molten pool for cooling to obtain an aluminum liquid cast ingot, so that the aluminum ash added into the molten salt can realize slag-aluminum on-line separation and recovery.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment process of the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S1, naCl and KCl with equal molar ratio have low eutectic temperature point (657 ℃), can finish melting in preference to aluminum, and play a role in protecting the aluminum liquid from being oxidized.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment process of the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the temperature of the molten salt is controlled to be 700-730 ℃.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment process of the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the mass ratio of the aluminum ash to the molten salt is (0.3-0.45): 1.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment process of the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the temperature of the thermal aluminum ash is 720-760 ℃.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment process of the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S2, after the thermal aluminum ash is poured into the molten salt for 15-20 min, the hypergravity separation device is immersed into the molten salt for centrifugal rotation.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment process of the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the rotational speed of centrifugal rotation of the hypergravity separation device is 300-1000 rpm, and the centrifugal rotation time is 1-5 min.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment process of the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S4, the weight of the aluminum ash is reduced by 40-45%.
In order to solve the above technical problems, according to another aspect of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:
A processing device of thermal aluminum ash is used for realizing the processing technology of the thermal aluminum ash, and comprises the following steps:
Smelting furnace, separating equipment, operation driving system and deslagging cylinder; the operation driving system is used for operating the separation equipment, and the deslagging cylinder is used for discharging the oxide solid phase which is collected by the separation equipment and is introduced by the aluminum ash.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment device for the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: the operation driving system comprises a supporting main body, the supporting arm and the sliding guide rail are arranged on the supporting main body in a matched mode, the supporting arm is driven by a motor to realize the up-down stable operation, a rotary driving assembly is nested below the supporting main body, the operation process of the whole operation driving system is integrated in a remote control handle, and the vertical lifting and the horizontal rotation of the separation equipment are realized.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment device for the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: the separation equipment comprises a hypergravity separation device and a driving assembly, wherein the hypergravity separation device and the driving assembly are coupled and installed below the supporting arm, and centrifugal rotation of the hypergravity separation device is realized through the driving assembly.
As a preferable scheme of the treatment device for the thermal aluminum ash, the invention comprises the following steps: and the operation driving system controls the hypergravity separation device to horizontally rotate to the position right above the deslagging cylinder after the molten salt is extracted, and the solid phase of the oxide which is collected in the operation driving system and is introduced by the aluminum ash is discharged into the deslagging cylinder.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention provides a treatment process and a device for thermal aluminum ash, which are characterized in that thermal aluminum ash is poured into molten salt for high-temperature decrement treatment, a solid oxide film on the surface of aluminum liquid drops is destroyed by chemical reaction erosion, high-temperature online separation and recovery of metal aluminum liquid drops in the aluminum ash are realized by a hypergravity separation device, and meanwhile, the cyclic sustainable utilization of the molten salt can be realized. The recovery rate of the metal aluminum separated and recovered from the aluminum ash reaches more than 96%, the purity is more than 99%, and the weight of the aluminum ash after the treatment is reduced by 40-50%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal aluminum ash treatment process according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of aluminum droplets before and after molten salt treatment of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a macro morphology, SEM image and EDS image of the isolated sample of example 1;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of aluminum droplets before and after molten salt treatment of example 3;
FIG. 5 is a macro morphology, SEM image and EDS image of the isolated sample of example 3.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a thermal aluminum ash treatment device according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-aluminum ash ladle, 2-smelting furnace, 3-fused salt, 4-hypergravity separator, 5-drive assembly, 6-support arm, 7-sliding guide rail, 8-support main body, 9-rotation drive assembly, 10-remote control handle, 11-deslagging barrel, 12-oxide solid phase introduced by aluminum ash.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description will be made clearly and fully with reference to the technical solutions in the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
As shown in fig. 1, a treatment process of thermal aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
s1, melting NaCl and KCl with equal molar ratio into molten salt in a melting furnace;
s2, pouring the thermal aluminum ash into molten salt, and corroding and damaging a solid oxide film on the surface of the aluminum liquid drop by utilizing chloride ions in the molten salt to change a slag-aluminum interface structure;
S3, immersing the hypergravity separation device into molten salt for centrifugal rotation, so that the slag-aluminum solid-liquid mixed melt is continuously sucked into the hypergravity separation device, the oxide solid phase introduced by aluminum ash is collected in the hypergravity separation device, the aluminum liquid and the molten salt are discharged back to the molten salt as liquid phases, the hypergravity separation device is used for extracting the molten salt, and the oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash in the hypergravity separation device is discharged;
S4, repeating the step S3 until no oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash is discharged, thereby realizing aluminum ash reduction treatment; the aluminum liquid and the molten salt remained in the molten salt can be layered due to different densities, the aluminum liquid is at the lower part, the molten salt is at the upper part, when the aluminum liquid amount is accumulated to a certain degree, the aluminum liquid can be pumped out from the bottom of the molten pool for cooling to obtain an aluminum liquid cast ingot, so that the aluminum ash added into the molten salt can realize slag-aluminum on-line separation and recovery.
Preferably, in the step S1, the NaCl and KCl with equal molar ratio have low eutectic temperature point (657 ℃) and can be melted in preference to aluminum, thereby protecting the aluminum liquid from oxidation.
Preferably, in the step S1, the molten salt temperature is controlled to be 700 to 730 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the aluminum ash to the molten salt is (0.3-0.45): 1.
Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature of the thermal aluminum ash is 720-760 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S2, after the thermal aluminum ash is poured into the molten salt for 15-20 min, the hypergravity separation device is immersed into the molten salt for centrifugal rotation.
Preferably, in the step S3, the rotational speed of the centrifugal rotation of the hypergravity separation device is 300-1000 rpm, and the centrifugal rotation time is 1-5 min.
Preferably, in the step S4, the aluminum ash is reduced by 40 to 45%.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
as shown in fig. 6, a treatment device for thermal aluminum ash is used for implementing the treatment process of thermal aluminum ash, and includes:
smelting furnace 2, separating equipment, operation driving system and deslagging cylinder 11; the operation driving system is used for the operation of the separation device, and the deslagging cylinder 11 is used for the discharge of the oxide solid phase 12 which is collected by the separation device and is introduced by the aluminum ash.
Melting NaCl and KCl with equal molar ratio into molten salt 3 in a smelting furnace 2; pouring thermal aluminum ash in the aluminum ash ladle 1 into molten salt 3, and corroding and damaging a solid oxide film on the surface of an aluminum liquid drop by utilizing chloride ions in the molten salt 3 to change a slag-aluminum interface structure.
Preferably, the operation driving system comprises a supporting main body 8, the supporting arm 6 and the sliding guide rail 7 are arranged on the supporting main body 8 in a matched mode, the supporting arm 6 stably operates up and down through motor driving, a rotation driving assembly 9 is nested below the supporting main body 8, and the operation process of the whole operation driving system is integrated in a remote control handle 10 to realize vertical lifting and horizontal rotation of the separating equipment.
Preferably, the separation device comprises a hypergravity separation device 4 and a driving component 5, the hypergravity separation device 4 and the driving component 5 are coupled and arranged below the supporting arm 6, and centrifugal rotation of the hypergravity separation device 4 is realized through the driving component 5.
Preferably, the operation driving system controls the hypergravity separation device 4 to horizontally rotate to the position right above the deslagging cylinder 11 after the molten salt 3 is lifted, and the oxide solid phase 12 which is collected in the interior and is introduced by aluminum ash is discharged into the deslagging cylinder 11.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by combining specific embodiments.
The following embodiments all adopt the treatment device for thermal aluminum ash to realize the treatment of thermal aluminum ash.
Example 1
A treatment process of thermal aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
s1, in a certain molten aluminum refining workshop, 2t of NaCl and KCl with equal molar ratio are melted in a melting furnace to form molten salt; the molten salt temperature was controlled to 730 ℃.
S2, pouring 700kg of hot aluminum ash (components ：Al 44.3 wt%,Al2O3 29.6 wt%,MgO 10.2 wt%,SiO2 5.3 wt%,CaO 0.6 wt%,Fe2O3 0.5 wt%,NaCl 3.5 wt%, KCl 2.1 wt%,F 3.9 wt%） into molten salt, and corroding and damaging a solid oxide film on the surface of an aluminum liquid drop by utilizing chloride ions in the molten salt to change a slag-aluminum interface structure) which is generated in the aluminum liquid refining process of the workshop;
s3, pouring thermal aluminum ash into molten salt for 20min, immersing the hypergravity separation device into the molten salt for centrifugal rotation, enabling the slag-aluminum solid-liquid mixed melt to be continuously sucked into the hypergravity separation device, collecting oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash in the hypergravity separation device, discharging aluminum liquid and the molten salt as liquid phase back into the molten salt, extracting the molten salt from the hypergravity separation device, and discharging the oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash in the hypergravity separation device; the rotational speed of the centrifugal rotation of the super-gravity separation device is 400rpm, and the centrifugal rotation time is 2min.
S4, repeating the step S3 until no oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash is discharged, thereby realizing aluminum ash reduction treatment; the aluminum liquid and the molten salt remained in the molten salt can be layered due to different densities, the aluminum liquid is at the lower part, the molten salt is at the upper part, when the aluminum liquid amount is accumulated to a certain degree, the aluminum liquid can be pumped out from the bottom of the molten pool for cooling to obtain an aluminum liquid cast ingot, so that the aluminum ash added into the molten salt can realize slag-aluminum on-line separation and recovery.
Sampling and analyzing the oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash and the aluminum liquid cast ingot obtained by the final treatment, wherein an SEM image of aluminum liquid drops before and after molten salt treatment of the embodiment 1 is shown in FIG. 2, and a macroscopic morphology, an SEM image and an EDS image of a separated sample of the embodiment 1 are shown in FIG. 3; as can be seen from fig. 2-3, the molten salt has good fluidity, after the aluminum ash is added to complete the corrosion reaction, the solid oxide film on the surface of the aluminum liquid drop gradually dissolves and falls off, and the SEM-EDS result shows that the solid phase separated at high temperature on line is mainly oxide, the purity of the recovered aluminum liquid is very high, the recovery rate of the metal aluminum separated and recovered from the aluminum ash reaches 96.26%, the purity is 99.25%, and the weight of the aluminum ash after the treatment in the embodiment is reduced by 40%.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the amount of the added thermal aluminum ash was 600kg, the rotational speed of the centrifugal rotation of the supergravity separator was 500rpm, and the centrifugal rotation time was 1.5min.
The recovery rate of the metal aluminum separated and recovered from the aluminum ash in the embodiment reaches 96.43%, the purity is 99.22%, and the weight of the aluminum ash after the treatment in the embodiment is reduced by 42%.
Example 3
A treatment process of thermal aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
s1, in a certain aluminum casting workshop, 1.5t of NaCl and KCl with equal molar ratio are melted in a melting furnace to form molten salt; the molten salt temperature was controlled to 710 ℃.
S2, pouring hot aluminum ash (components ：Al 50.3 wt%,Al2O331.1 wt%,MgO 4.3 wt%,SiO2 5.3 wt%,CaO 0.8 wt%,Fe2O3 1.7 wt%,NaCl 4.2 wt%,KCl 2.3 wt%） into molten salt) with the temperature of 750 ℃ generated during remelting of 550kg of waste aluminum, and corroding and damaging a solid oxide film on the surface of an aluminum liquid drop by utilizing chloride ions in the molten salt to change a slag-aluminum interface structure;
S3, pouring the thermal aluminum ash into the molten salt for 15min, immersing the hypergravity separation device into the molten salt for centrifugal rotation, continuously sucking the slag-aluminum solid-liquid mixed melt into the hypergravity separation device, collecting an oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash in the hypergravity separation device, discharging the aluminum liquid and the molten salt as liquid phases back into the molten salt, extracting the molten salt from the hypergravity separation device, and discharging the oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash in the hypergravity separation device; the rotational speed of the centrifugal rotation of the super-gravity separation device is 480rpm, and the centrifugal rotation time is 3min.
S4, repeating the step S3 until no oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash is discharged, thereby realizing aluminum ash reduction treatment; the aluminum liquid and the molten salt remained in the molten salt can be layered due to different densities, the aluminum liquid is at the lower part, the molten salt is at the upper part, when the aluminum liquid amount is accumulated to a certain degree, the aluminum liquid can be pumped out from the bottom of the molten pool for cooling to obtain an aluminum liquid cast ingot, so that the aluminum ash added into the molten salt can realize slag-aluminum on-line separation and recovery.
Sampling and analyzing the oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash and the aluminum liquid cast ingot obtained by the final treatment, wherein an SEM image of aluminum liquid drops before and after molten salt treatment of the embodiment 3 is shown in FIG. 4, and a macroscopic morphology, an SEM image and an EDS image of a separated sample of the embodiment 3 are shown in FIG. 5; as can be seen from fig. 4 to fig. 5, after molten salt erodes aluminum ash, many cracks and gaps are generated on the solid oxide film dense on the surface of the aluminum liquid drop, a channel is provided for the movement of the aluminum liquid drop, and SEM-EDS results show that the solid phase separated on line at high temperature is mainly oxide, the purity of the recovered aluminum liquid is very high, the recovery rate of metal aluminum separated and recovered from the aluminum ash reaches 97.72%, the purity is 99.02%, and the weight of the aluminum ash is reduced by 42% after the treatment of the embodiment.
Example 4
The difference from example 3 is that the amount of the added thermal aluminum ash was 650kg, the rotational speed of the centrifugal rotation of the supergravity separator was 570rpm, and the centrifugal rotation time was 2.5min.
The recovery rate of the metal aluminum separated and recovered from the aluminum ash in the embodiment reaches 98.46%, the purity is 99.34%, and the weight of the aluminum ash after the treatment in the embodiment is reduced by 44%.
According to the invention, the thermal aluminum ash is poured into the molten salt for high-temperature decrement treatment, the solid oxide film on the surface of the aluminum liquid drop is destroyed by chemical reaction erosion, and the high-temperature online separation and recovery of the metal aluminum liquid drop in the aluminum ash are realized by the supergravity separation device, so that the cyclic sustainable utilization of the molten salt can be realized. The recovery rate of the metal aluminum separated and recovered from the aluminum ash reaches more than 96%, the purity is more than 99%, and the weight of the aluminum ash after the treatment is reduced by 40-50%.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the content of the present invention or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The treatment process of the thermal aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, melting NaCl and KCl with equal molar ratio into molten salt in a melting furnace; controlling the temperature of molten salt to be 700-730 ℃;
s2, pouring the thermal aluminum ash into molten salt, and corroding and damaging a solid oxide film on the surface of the aluminum liquid drop by utilizing chloride ions in the molten salt to change a slag-aluminum interface structure; the mass ratio of the aluminum ash to the molten salt is (0.3-0.45): 1, a step of;
S3, pouring thermal aluminum ash into molten salt, immersing the hypergravity separation device into the molten salt for centrifugal rotation after 15-20 min, continuously sucking the slag-aluminum solid-liquid mixed melt into the hypergravity separation device, collecting oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash in the hypergravity separation device, discharging aluminum liquid and the molten salt as liquid phase back into the molten salt, extracting the molten salt from the hypergravity separation device, and discharging the oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash in the hypergravity separation device;
S4, repeating the step S3 until no oxide solid phase introduced by the aluminum ash is discharged, thereby realizing aluminum ash reduction treatment; the aluminum liquid and the molten salt remained in the molten salt can be layered due to different densities, the aluminum liquid is at the lower part, the molten salt is at the upper part, when the aluminum liquid amount is accumulated to a certain degree, the aluminum liquid can be pumped out from the bottom of the molten pool for cooling to obtain an aluminum liquid cast ingot, so that the aluminum ash added into the molten salt can realize slag-aluminum on-line separation and recovery.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the temperature of the thermal aluminum ash is 720-760 ℃.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the rotational speed of the centrifugal rotation of the super gravity separator in step S3 is 300-1000 rpm, and the centrifugal rotation time is 1-5 min.
4. A thermal state aluminum ash treatment device for realizing the thermal state aluminum ash treatment process as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
Smelting furnace, separating equipment, operation driving system and deslagging cylinder; the operation driving system is used for operating the separation equipment, and the deslagging cylinder is used for discharging the oxide solid phase which is collected by the separation equipment and is introduced by the aluminum ash; the operation driving system comprises a supporting main body, the supporting arm and the sliding guide rail are arranged on the supporting main body in a matched manner, the supporting arm is driven by a motor to realize the up-down stable operation, a rotary driving assembly is nested below the supporting main body, and the operation process of the whole operation driving system is integrated in a remote control handle to realize the vertical lifting and horizontal rotation of the separating equipment; the separation equipment comprises a hypergravity separation device and a driving assembly, wherein the hypergravity separation device and the driving assembly are arranged below the supporting arm in a coupling way, and centrifugal rotation of the hypergravity separation device is realized through the driving assembly; and the operation driving system controls the hypergravity separation device to horizontally rotate to the position right above the deslagging cylinder after the molten salt is extracted, and the solid phase of the oxide which is collected in the operation driving system and is introduced by the aluminum ash is discharged into the deslagging cylinder.
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