CN118006969A - Aluminum alloy material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an aluminum alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof. In addition to the aluminum matrix, the cast structure of the aluminum alloy material also contains eutectic phase NiAl ₃ , primary solidification phases FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al _13. The aluminum alloy material is obtained by smelting, refining, degassing, deslagging and casting raw materials containing various elements. The aluminum alloy material provided by the present invention has the advantages of high strength, good electrical conductivity and low cost, and has good fluidity. It can be cast by low pressure, differential pressure, extrusion or high pressure, and is suitable for making motor rotors, wires, inverters and other automotive parts.

Description

Aluminum alloy material and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloys, and in particular relates to an aluminum alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background technique

Drive induction motors are developing towards high integration, high voltage and high power density. As the speed continues to increase, the performance requirements for rotor materials are also higher. Aluminum alloys are gradually replacing copper alloys as the main material for automotive motor rotors due to their high specific strength, low cost and high recyclability. To meet performance requirements, aluminum alloys must have high strength and high conductivity.

In order to obtain high-strength and high-conductivity cast aluminum alloy materials, alloying is required. US20210332461A1 discloses a cast aluminum rotor material suitable for high-pressure casting, containing 4-6% Ni, 0.2-0.8% Fe, and 0.01-0.1% Ti. Ni is mainly added to form a NiAl ₃ eutectic phase to improve the castability of the alloy. CN 113981278A discloses a high-conductivity heat-resistant pressure casting aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum alloy contains 1.8-3.8% Ni, 0.25-0.30% Fe, 0.006-0.15% Zr, 0.0015-0.025% Cr, and 0.001-0.02% V. High strength and high conductivity are achieved by combining NiAl ₃ eutectic phase and trace elements Fe, Zr, Cr, and V to form high-temperature stable fine and dispersed intermetallic compounds. US20220090234A1 discloses a high vacuum die-casting aluminum alloy rotor material, the aluminum alloy contains 1.5-6.5% Ni, 0.1-1.5% Si, 0.1-3% Mg, Fe<0.2%, Mn<0.65%, Ti<0.12%, V<0.15%, Zr<0.15%, Mo<0.15%, Cr<0.01, Sr<0.02, combined with NiAl ₃ eutectic phase and Mg ₂ Si heat treatment strengthening to improve performance.

The above technologies all add and control the alloy element Ni, and improve the casting performance by forming the NiAl ₃ eutectic phase while minimizing the impact on the electrical conductivity. Secondly, the trace elements Fe, Zr, Cr, V are added to form intermetallic compounds or the yield strength is improved by heat treatment strengthening of Mg ₂ Si. However, the above technologies all have the problem of excessive addition of the main element Ni and too low Fe content, resulting in high material costs. However, if the content of Ni and Fe is changed, the strength and electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy material may be affected.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop an aluminum alloy material that has high strength and high conductivity while reducing costs.

Summary of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof. The aluminum alloy material has the advantages of high strength, high conductivity and low cost.

To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, the present invention provides an aluminum alloy material, wherein the cast structure of the aluminum alloy material contains, in addition to an aluminum matrix, a eutectic phase NiAl ₃ , a primary solidification phase FeNiAl ₉ and a primary solidification phase Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ .

The present invention has been found through research that under low Ni/Fe ratio conditions, in addition to NiAl ₃ phase and FeNiAl ₉ phase, Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ phase will be produced in the aluminum alloy, which has good thermal stability, helps to inhibit the slip of defects such as high-temperature dislocations, stabilizes the performance of the aluminum alloy material, and improves the strength. The simultaneous appearance of Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ phase also indicates that the Ni/Fe ratio in the aluminum alloy material is low, and further indicates that the Ni content is less and the Fe element content is more, which is conducive to reducing costs. Therefore, by matching NiAl ₃ phase, FeNiAl ₉ phase and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ phase, the obtained aluminum alloy material has the advantages of high strength, high conductivity and low cost.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass content of the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ is 0.2-2.2%, the mass content of the primary solidified phase FeNiAl ₉ is 0.1-1.1%, and the mass content of the primary solidified phase Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ is 1-6%;

Furthermore, the α-Al grain size in the aluminum alloy material is less than 100 μm.

The mass content of the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ is 0.2-2.2% (for example, it can be 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 2% or 2.2%, etc.);

The mass content of the primary solidified phase _FeNiAl9 is 0.1-1.1% (for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0% or 1.1%, etc.);

The mass content of _the primary solidified phase _Fe4Al13 is 1-6% (for example, it can be 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5% or 6%, etc.); and the α-Al grain size in the aluminum alloy material is below 100μm (for example, it can be 100μm, 95μm, 90μm, 85μm, 80μm, 75μm, 70μm, 65μm, 60μm, 50μm, 40μm, 30μm, 20μm or 10μm, etc.).

The eutectic phase NiAl ₃ helps to improve the fluidity of the aluminum alloy material, making it easy to cast. The NiAl ₃ content is positively correlated with the Ni addition amount. An increase in the NiAl ₃ content means an increase in the Ni content, that is, an increase in the cost. High-content primary solidification phases FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ can effectively suppress the dissolution of Fe in the mold. And the increase in the content of FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ means an increase in the Fe content, which allows the aluminum alloy provided by the present invention to use waste aluminum with a high iron content as a raw material, which helps to reduce costs. At the same time, FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ have good thermal stability, which helps to suppress the slip of defects such as high-temperature dislocations and stabilize the performance of the material. Therefore, FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ help to improve the strength of the aluminum alloy material, but too high a content will split the matrix and reduce the elongation of the material. Refining α-Al grains helps to improve the strength and elongation of the material.

The present invention can further optimize the electrical conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy material while reducing the cost by reasonably regulating the contents of eutectic phase NiAl ₃ , primary solidification phases FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ and refining the α-Al grain size.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the aluminum alloy material does not contain other secondary phases except the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ , and the primary solidification phases FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ .

It should be noted that the other crystalline phases in the aluminum alloy material except the main Al crystalline phase are collectively referred to as "second phases". In the present invention, if there are other second phases except the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ , the primary solidification phases FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ , it may lead to enhanced impurity scattering or matrix fragmentation, thereby affecting the electrical conductivity, strength and other properties of the aluminum alloy material.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the aluminum alloy material includes the following components in mass percentage:

Ni 0.5%-1.5%, Fe 0.8%-2.5%, one or more of Ti, Nb, V and Zr, and the total mass percentage of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is ≥0.02%, and the balance is Al.

The mass percentage of Ni may be 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4% or 1.5%, etc.

The mass percentage of Fe may be 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.8%, 2%, 2.2%, 2.3% or 2.5%, etc.

The total mass percentage of Ti, Nb, V and Zr may be 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14% or 0.15%, etc.

The present invention has found through research that under the Ni/Fe ratio conditions of the present invention, in addition to the NiAl ₃ phase and the FeNiAl ₉ phase, the Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ phase will also be produced, which has good thermal stability, helps to inhibit the slip of defects such as high-temperature dislocations, stabilize the performance of the aluminum alloy material, and improve the strength.

The present invention, on the one hand, reduces the Ni content, increases the Fe content, reduces the Ni/Fe ratio, and regulates the contents of the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ , the primary solidification phases FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ ; on the other hand, it regulates the grain refining elements (Ti, V, Nb, Zr and B) to refine the α-Al grains, thereby reducing the cost and further optimizing the electrical conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy material.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of Ni to Fe in the aluminum alloy material is 0.2-1.5; for example, it can be 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 or 1.5, etc.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the total mass percentage of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is ≤0.15%; preferably 0.02-0.07%.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass percentage of Ti is ≤0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%;

The mass percentage of Nb is ≤0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%;

The mass percentage of V is ≤0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%;

The mass percentage of Zr is ≤0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the aluminum alloy material further contains B.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the mass of B to the total mass of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is ≤2 (for example, 2, 1.8, 1.5, 1.2, 1, 0.8, 0.5, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1 or 0, etc.); preferably ≤0.5.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass percentage of B is ≤0.05%; for example, it can be 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.008%, 0.006%, 0.005%, 0.003%, 0.001% or 0%, etc.

In the present invention, Ti, V, Nb, Zr and B are grain refining elements, which are helpful to improve melt cleanliness, reduce hydrogen absorption tendency, improve fluidity, and refine α-Al grains and ultimately improve the strength and elongation of the material. By controlling the total content of Ti, Nb, V and Zr to be ≥0.02%, and the ratio of the mass of B to the total mass of Ti, Nb, V and Zr to be ≤2, it is helpful to fully refine the α-Al grains and improve the performance of the aluminum alloy material. However, if the mass percentage of Ti is >0.1%, or the mass percentage of Nb is >0.1%, or the mass percentage of V is >0.1%, or the mass percentage of Zr is >0.1%, or the mass percentage of B is >0.05%, or the total mass percentage of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is >0.15%, or the mass ratio of B to the total mass of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is >2, it is easy to induce the formation of a second phase containing Ti, Nb, V, Zr and/or B, reducing the strength and conductivity of the material. Therefore, the contents of Ti, V, Nb, Zr and B in the present invention preferably meet the content or proportion requirements described in the present invention respectively, and preferably simultaneously meet the total mass percentage of Ti, Nb, V and Zr of 0.02-0.15%, the mass percentage of Ti ≤0.1%, the mass percentage of Nb ≤0.1%, the mass percentage of V ≤0.1%, the mass percentage of Zr ≤0.1%, the mass percentage of B ≤0.05%, and the ratio of the mass of B to the total mass of Ti, Nb, V and Zr ≤2.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the total mass percentage of Mn, Cr and Si in the aluminum alloy material is ≤0.25%; for example, it can be 0.25%, 0.23%, 0.22%, 0.2%, 0.18%, 0.16%, 0.15%, 0.13%, 0.12%, 0.1%, 0.08%, 0.05%, 0.02% or 0%, etc.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass percentage of Mn in the aluminum alloy material is ≤0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%, etc.;

The mass percentage of Cr is ≤ 0.05%, for example, it can be 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.008%, 0.005%, 0.002% or 0%;

The mass percentage of Si is ≤0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the total mass of Mn and Cr to the mass of Si in the aluminum alloy material is ≤0.5; for example, it can be 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05 or 0, etc.

It should be noted that in the present invention, Mn, Cr and Si are impurities, and the less their content, the better, but these elements are often inevitably contained in existing aluminum raw materials. When the mass percentage of Mn in the aluminum alloy material is greater than 0.1%, or the mass percentage of Cr is greater than 0.05%, or the mass percentage of Si is greater than 0.1%, or the total mass percentage of Mn, Cr and Si is greater than 0.25%, or the ratio of the total mass of Mn and Cr to the mass of Si is greater than 0.5, other secondary phases other than the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ , the primary solidification phases FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ are easily generated, affecting the electrical conductivity, strength and other properties of the aluminum alloy material. Therefore, for the present invention, when the aluminum alloy material contains Mn, Cr, and Si, their contents must respectively meet the content or proportion requirements described in the present invention, and preferably must simultaneously meet the requirements that the total mass percentage of Mn, Cr and Si is ≤0.25%, the mass percentage of Mn is ≤0.1%, the mass percentage of Cr is ≤0.05%, the mass percentage of Si is ≤0.1%, and the ratio of the total mass of Mn and Cr to the mass of Si is ≤0.5.

In the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, the content of other impurities except Mn, Cr and Si is ≤0.1wt%.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the aluminum alloy material as described in the first aspect, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

(1) mixing raw materials containing the elements according to the proportions of the elements in the aluminum alloy material and smelting them to obtain a first aluminum alloy liquid;

(2) refining, degassing and deslagging the first aluminum alloy liquid to obtain a second aluminum alloy liquid;

(3) The second aluminum alloy liquid is kept warm and then cast to obtain the aluminum alloy material.

Since the aluminum alloy material provided by the present invention has a high Fe content, the raw materials of each element, especially the aluminum material, can be either electrolytic aluminum with a low iron content or scrap aluminum with a high iron content. The aluminum alloy material prepared using the latter as the raw material not only has a lower cost, but also maintains or even exceeds the performance of the former.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the smelting temperature is 680-800°C (for example, it can be 680°C, 690°C, 700°C, 710, 720°C, 730°C, 740°C, 750°C, 760°C, 770°C, 780°C, 790°C or 800°C, etc.), and the time is 120-180min (for example, it can be 120min, 130min, 140min, 150min, 160min, 170min or 180min, etc.).

In some embodiments of the present invention, the refining temperature is 680-800°C (for example, it can be 680°C, 690°C, 700°C, 710, 720°C, 730°C, 740°C, 750°C, 760°C, 770°C, 780°C, 790°C or 800°C, etc.), and the time is 15-30 min (for example, it can be 15 min, 18 min, 20 min, 22 min, 25 min, 28 min or 30 min, etc.).

In some embodiments of the present invention, the insulation temperature is 680-800°C (for example, it can be 680°C, 690°C, 700°C, 710, 720°C, 730°C, 740°C, 750°C, 760°C, 770°C, 780°C, 790°C or 800°C, etc.), and the time is 30-120min (for example, it can be 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min, 70min, 80min, 90min, 100min, 110min or 120min, etc.).

In some embodiments of the present invention, the casting is low pressure casting, differential pressure casting, squeeze casting or high pressure casting.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the aluminum alloy material as described in the first aspect, wherein the aluminum alloy material is used for manufacturing automobile parts.

Preferably, the automobile component is a motor rotor, a wire or an inverter.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The invention uses NiAl ₃ phase, FeNiAl ₉ phase and Fe ₄ Al _{13 phase} to make the obtained aluminum alloy material have the advantages of high strength, high conductivity and low cost.

In addition, through further optimization, the electrical conductivity of the obtained aluminum alloy material is ≥48% IACS, the yield strength at room temperature is ≥75MPa, the tensile strength is ≥160MPa, the elongation is ≥10%, and the yield strength attenuation rate after insulation at 180°C for 100h is ≤10%. It has the advantages of high strength, good conductivity and low cost, and has good fluidity. It can be cast by low pressure, differential pressure, extrusion or high pressure, and is suitable for the production of motor rotors, wires, inverters and other automotive parts.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the phase composition and phase relationship of the Al-rich corner of the Al-xFe-yNi system under non-equilibrium solidification of aluminum alloy materials.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementations. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific implementations are only to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-5

Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-5 each provide an aluminum alloy material, which is prepared according to the following method:

(1) adding industrial pure aluminum, AlNi alloy, Al-Fe alloy, Al-Ti alloy, Al-Nb alloy, Al-V alloy, Al-Zr alloy and/or Al-B alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace according to the ratio of each element in the aluminum alloy material, and smelting at 740° C. for 120 min to obtain a first aluminum alloy liquid;

(2) adding 0.5 wt % of a refining agent to the first aluminum alloy liquid, refining at 740° C. for 15 min, degassing with high-purity argon gas, and removing slag after standing for 15 min to obtain a second aluminum alloy liquid;

(3) The second aluminum alloy liquid is kept at 740°C for 30 minutes, and the aluminum alloy material is obtained by low-pressure casting (pressure 0.01MPa, holding pressure 120s), differential pressure casting (pressure difference between upper and lower cavities 0.1MPa, holding pressure 80s), squeeze casting (pressure 15MPa, holding pressure 25s) or high-pressure casting (slow pressure and fast pressure switching point 240mm, injection speed 3m/s, pressure 35MPa, holding pressure 20s). Casting parameters: the mold is pre-sprayed with a release agent and preheated to 180°C, the casting temperature is controlled to 720°C, and the ejection temperature is 370°C.

The contents of the elements and the casting methods of the aluminum alloy materials provided in Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1 below:

Table 1 Element content (wt%) and casting method

The proportions and organizational information of the elements in the aluminum alloy materials provided by Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-5 are shown in Table 2 below:

Table 2 Element ratio and organization information

The test method for the content of Mn, Cr and Si is as follows: elemental analysis is measured by inductively coupled plasma spectrometer, and the analysis error is 3-5%. Powder is sawed from different areas of the alloy sample and mixed, and 1g of powder is sent for analysis. Each batch of samples is tested twice independently and the average value is calculated.

The test method for the content of NiAl ₃ , FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ is: using an X-ray diffractometer to perform powder diffraction on the powdered alloy sample. The test conditions are: Cu target Kα ray; 2θ angle range 10-90°; scanning step length 0.02°; scanning speed 0.33°/s. The test results are refined by Topas.

The test method of α-Al grain size is: observe the metallographic sample through an optical microscope to obtain polarized photos, and use the intercept method (ASTM standard E112-10) to perform grain size statistics.

Performance Testing:

The electrical conductivity, yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and high temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy materials provided in the above Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were tested, and the test method was as follows:

Conductivity: Tested according to GB/T 12966-2022 Eddy current test method for electrical conductivity of aluminum and aluminum alloys;

Room temperature yield strength: Tested according to GB/T 228.1-2021 Tensile tests for metallic materials Part 1: Room temperature test methods;

Room temperature tensile strength: Tested according to GB/T 228.1-2021 Tensile tests for metallic materials Part 1: Room temperature test methods;

Room temperature elongation: Tested according to GB/T 228.1-2021 Tensile tests for metallic materials Part 1: Room temperature test methods;

High temperature resistance: Keep the aluminum alloy material at 180℃ for 100h, test its yield strength, and calculate the strength decay rate.

The results of the above tests are shown in Table 3 below:

table 3

It can be seen from the performance data of the above embodiments that the aluminum alloy material provided by the present invention has an electrical conductivity ≥48% IACS, a yield strength ≥75 MPa at room temperature, a tensile strength ≥160 MPa, an elongation ≥10%, a yield strength attenuation rate of ≤10% after insulation at 180°C for 100 hours, a low Ni/Fe ratio, and has the advantages of high strength and high conductivity and low cost, and has good fluidity, and can be cast by low pressure, differential pressure, extrusion or high pressure.

Among them, compared with Example 7, the Ni content of Comparative Example 1 is too little and the Ni/Fe ratio is too low, resulting in too low contents of the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ and the primary solidification phase FeNiAl ₉ , resulting in a decrease in the electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy material.

Compared with Example 8, the Fe content in Comparative Example 2 is too little and the Ni/Fe ratio is too high, resulting in too low content of the primary solidification phase Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ and decreased yield and tensile strengths of the aluminum alloy material.

Compared with Example 9, the respective contents, total content and (Mn+Cr)/Si mass ratio of Mn, Cr and Si in Comparative Example 3 are too high, resulting in the production of other second phases rich in Mn, Cr and Si elements in the aluminum alloy material in addition to the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ , the primary solidification phases FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ , and the electrical conductivity and elongation of the aluminum alloy material are reduced.

Compared with Example 10, the total content of Ti, Nb, V and Zr in Comparative Example 4 is too high, resulting in the production of second phases rich in Ti, Nb, V and Zr elements in addition to the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ , primary solidification phases FeNiAl ₉ and Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ in the aluminum alloy material, and the strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy material are reduced.

Compared with Example 11, the B/(Ti+Nb+V+Zr) mass ratio in Comparative Example 5 is too large, resulting in the production of other second phases rich in B elements in the aluminum alloy material in addition to the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ and the primary solidification phase FeNiAl ₉ , and the α-Al grain size is larger, and the electrical conductivity, strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy material are reduced.

The phase composition and phase relationship of the Al-rich corner of the Al-xFe-yNi system (0≤x/y≤7) under non-equilibrium solidification were calculated by Calphad thermodynamics for the aluminum alloy materials provided by the present invention and the aluminum alloy materials of Rio Tinto (US20220090234A1), Tesla (US20210332461A1), and Shenzhen Xinshen (CN 113981278A), and the results are shown in FIG1 .

As can be seen from Figure 1, the aluminum alloy of the prior art is mainly composed of aluminum matrix (Fcc), NiAl ₃ and FeNiAl ₉ in the range of Ni and Fe; while the aluminum alloy provided by the present invention is mainly composed of aluminum matrix (Fcc), NiAl ₃ , FeNiAl ₉ , Fe ₄ Al ₁₃ in the range of Ni and Fe. Different phase compositions will result in different alloy properties.

The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An aluminum alloy material, characterized in that the as-cast structure of the aluminum alloy material contains eutectic phase NiAl ₃, primary solidification phase FeNiAl ₉ and primary solidification phase Fe ₄Al₁₃ besides aluminum base.

2. The aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the mass content of the eutectic phase NiAl ₃ is 0.2-2.2%, the mass content of the primary solidification phase FeNiAl ₉ is 0.1-1.1%, and the mass content of the primary solidification phase Fe ₄Al₁₃ is 1-6%;

and the alpha-Al grain size in the aluminum alloy material is below 100 mu m.

3. The aluminum alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aluminum alloy material does not contain a second phase other than the eutectic phase NiAl ₃, primary solidification phase FeNiAl ₉, and Fe ₄Al₁₃.

4. An aluminium alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aluminium alloy material comprises the following components in mass percent:

0.5 to 1.5 percent of Ni, 0.8 to 2.5 percent of Fe, one or more of Ti, nb, V and Zr, the total mass percent of Ti, nb, V and Zr is more than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance is Al.

5. The aluminum alloy material according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of Ni to Fe is 0.2 to 1.5;

preferably, the total mass percentage of Ti, nb, V and Zr is less than or equal to 0.15%, preferably 0.02-0.07%;

Preferably, the mass percentage of Ti is less than or equal to 0.1%, the mass percentage of Nb is less than or equal to 0.1%, the mass percentage of V is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the mass percentage of Zr is less than or equal to 0.1%.

6. The aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 3 to 5, further comprising B;

Preferably, the ratio of the mass of said B to the total mass of said Ti, nb, V and Zr is equal to or less than 2, preferably equal to or less than 0.5;

preferably, the mass percentage of the B is less than or equal to 0.05 percent.

7. The aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a total mass percentage of Mn, cr, and Si in the aluminum alloy material is 0.25% or less;

Preferably, the mass percentage of Mn in the aluminum alloy material is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, the mass percentage of Cr is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the mass percentage of Si is less than or equal to 0.1 percent;

preferably, the ratio of the total mass of Mn and Cr to the mass of Si in the aluminum alloy material is not more than 0.5.

8. A method for producing an aluminum alloy material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:

(1) Mixing raw materials containing elements according to the proportion of the elements in the aluminum alloy material, and smelting to obtain a first aluminum alloy liquid;

(2) Refining, degassing and deslagging the first aluminum alloy liquid to obtain a second aluminum alloy liquid;

(3) And (3) preserving the heat of the second aluminum alloy liquid, and casting to obtain the aluminum alloy material.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the smelting is performed at 680-800 ℃ for 120-180min;

preferably, the refining temperature is 680-800 ℃ and the refining time is 15-30min;

preferably, the temperature of the heat preservation is 680-800 ℃ and the time is 30-120min;

preferably, the casting is low pressure casting, counter pressure casting, squeeze casting or high pressure casting.

10. Use of the aluminium alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for the manufacture of automotive parts;

preferably, the automobile part is a motor rotor, a wire or an inverter.