CN117995473A - Wear-resistant corona-resistant enamelled copper round wire - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wear-resistant and anti-corona enameled copper round wire, the preparation steps of which include: (1) preparing a sol; (2) preparing a composite; (3) preparing a modified powder; (4) coating a layer of polyester paint on the surface of the copper round wire as a primer layer, and then adding the modified powder into water-based polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid; coating the coating liquid on the primer layer, forming an anti-corona layer outside the primer layer, and obtaining the wear-resistant and anti-corona enameled copper round wire. The enameled copper round wire prepared by the method of the invention has good corona resistance, high scratch resistance, and good adhesion of the paint film on the enameled wire.

Description

A wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled round copper wire

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of enameled wires, in particular to a wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled round copper wire.

Background technique

The surface insulation treatment methods of metal conductors generally include wrapping film, wrapping mica tape and coating insulating paint on the surface. After high-temperature baking, the enameled wire paint on the surface of the metal conductor forms an insulating protective layer on the surface of the metal wire. Due to the simple manufacturing process, moderate insulation thickness, and advantages in molding, it is widely used in electrical, electronic, and electrical fields. In recent years, with the development of motors and electrical appliances towards high power and the rapid development of high-speed railways in my country, the demand for high-performance enameled wires has increased. In order to adapt to the requirements of high instantaneous power, high power density, variable speed conditions, strong overload capacity and large starting torque, higher requirements are placed on the corona resistance of enameled wires. The corona resistance of enameled wires is determined by the corona resistance of the insulating layer material. Improving the corona resistance of the insulating layer material is the key to solving the technical problems of variable frequency motors.

Summary of the invention

To this end, the present invention provides a wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled copper round wire, the preparation steps of which include:

(1) preparing an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate; stirring the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, adding aqueous ammonia to the solution under stirring, and after the addition is completed, the solution is kept at a constant temperature of 85±5° C. in a water bath, and after reaching the temperature, the solution is kept and stirred for more than 2 hours, and then the solid and liquid are separated, the solid phase is washed with deionized water, and the washed solid phase is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor, and the solution is ultrasonically stirred for more than 2 hours, and then water is added to dilute the solution, the reactor is sealed, and heated to 120° C. for hydrothermal insulation treatment for more than 8 hours, and after the insulation is completed, the solution is air-cooled to room temperature, and the reactor is opened to obtain a sol;

(2) preparing an ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and an ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride; stirring the sol, and then adding the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride to the sol while stirring, and continuing to stir the solution for more than 50 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding sodium borohydride solution to the solution, and stirring the solution for more than 20 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding ammonia water to the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then stirring the solution for more than 1 hour, separating the solid and the liquid, washing the solid phase with deionized water for more than 3 times, and drying at 60° C. for more than 30 minutes to obtain a composite;

(3) preparing an ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; preparing a mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile; dispersing the composite in the ethanol solution to form an alcohol dispersion, keeping the alcohol dispersion in a water bath at a constant temperature of 50±2° C., stirring the alcohol dispersion during the insulation process, condensing and refluxing, and then adding the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane to the alcohol dispersion under stirring, and stirring the alcohol dispersion at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. for 20 minutes after the addition is completed. , then add deionized water to the alcohol dispersion, continue to stir at a constant temperature of 50±2°C for more than 2h after the addition is completed, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol twice, and dry it at 60°C for more than 30min, add the dried solid phase to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a nitrogen protective atmosphere to form a mixture, and keep the mixture in a water bath at a constant temperature of 70±3°C in a nitrogen protective atmosphere for more than 10h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol three times, and dry it at 60°C for more than 1h to obtain a modified powder;

(4) coating a layer of polyester paint on the surface of the copper round wire as a base layer, then adding the modified powder into water-based polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid, magnetically stirring the coating liquid for more than 40 minutes, ultrasonically treating during the stirring process, vacuuming and degassing after the stirring is completed, and then coating on the base layer, keeping the temperature at 70°C for 1 hour, then keeping the temperature at 150°C for 2 hours, and then keeping the temperature at 210°C for 2 hours after the coating is completed, and cooling to room temperature at 10°C/min after the insulation is completed to obtain the wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled copper round wire.

Furthermore, in the step (1), the concentration of titanyl sulfate in the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate is 6-8 g/L; the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%, and the volume ratio of ammonia water added to the titanyl sulfate solution is titanyl sulfate solution: ammonia water = 10:3-4.

Furthermore, in the step (1), the washed solid phase is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor in a mass ratio of solid phase: hydrogen peroxide solution = 1:30; the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%; the ultrasonic power is 200 W and the frequency is 30 kHz; water is added to dilute the solution to 5 times the volume of the solution before dilution.

Furthermore, in the step (2), in the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, the concentration of chloroiridic acid is 0.8-1.4 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; in the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride, the concentration of tantalum pentachloride is 12-14 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; in the sodium borohydride solution, the concentration of sodium borohydride is 1.4-1.7 g/L, and the solvent is water; the volume ratio of the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride, and the sodium borohydride solution added to the sol is sol: ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid: ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride: sodium borohydride solution = 10:1-2:1-4:0.6-0.8; the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%.

Furthermore, in the step (3), in the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, the mass percentage of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 2% to 3%, and the solvent is ethanol; in the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixing mass ratio is trifluoroethyl methacrylate: azobisisobutyronitrile: ethanol = 2.6 to 3.2: 0.8 to 0.9: 100; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the composite dispersed in the ethanol solution is composite: ethanol = 1:50; the volume ratio of the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the deionized water added to the alcohol dispersion is alcohol dispersion: ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: deionized water = 10:2 to 4:1.

Furthermore, in the step (3), the dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of solid phase: mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile = 1:100.

Furthermore, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the modified powder added to the water-based polyamide-imide is modified powder: water-based polyamide-imide = 9 to 10:100.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the enameled round copper wire prepared by the method of the present invention has good corona resistance and high scratch resistance, and the adhesion of the paint film on the enameled wire is good.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

Example 1

A wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled round copper wire, the preparation steps comprising:

(1) preparing an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate; in the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, the concentration of titanyl sulfate is 6 g/L; stirring the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, adding ammonia water to the solution under stirring, wherein the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%, and the volume ratio of ammonia water added to the solution of titanyl sulfate is titanyl sulfate solution: ammonia water = 10:3; after the addition is completed, the solution is kept at a constant temperature of 85±5° C. in a water bath, and after reaching the temperature, the solution is kept at a constant temperature and stirred for 2 hours, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out, and the solid phase is washed twice with deionized water. The solid phase after washing is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor, and the mass ratio of solid phase to hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:30; the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%; the solution is ultrasonically stirred for 2 hours, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the frequency is 30kHz; then water is added to dilute the solution, and the volume of the solution before dilution is 5 times; the reactor is sealed, heated to 120°C for hydrothermal insulation treatment for 8 hours, and air-cooled to room temperature after the insulation is completed, and the reactor is opened to obtain a sol;

(2) preparing an ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, wherein the concentration of chloroiridic acid in the ethanol solution is 0.8 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing an ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride, wherein the concentration of tantalum pentachloride in the ethanol solution is 12 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; stirring the sol, and then adding the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride to the sol under stirring, and continuing to stir the solution for 50 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding a sodium borohydride solution to the solution, wherein the concentration of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution is 1 .4g/L, the solvent is water; the volume ratio of the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride and the sodium borohydride solution is added to the sol: the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid: the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride: the sodium borohydride solution = 10:1:1:0.6; after the addition is completed, the solution is stirred for 20 minutes, and then ammonia water (the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%) is added to the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then the solution is stirred for 1 hour, the solid-liquid separation is carried out, the solid phase is washed with deionized water for 3 times, and dried at 60°C for 30 minutes to obtain a composite;

(3) preparing an ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane; in the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, the mass percentage of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is 2%, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing a mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile; in the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixing mass ratio is trifluoroethyl methacrylate: azobisisobutyronitrile: ethanol = 2.6:0.8:100; dispersing the composite in the ethanol solution to form an alcohol dispersion, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the composite dispersed in the ethanol solution is composite: ethanol = 1:50; the alcohol dispersion is kept at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. in a water bath, the alcohol dispersion is stirred during the insulation process, condensed and refluxed, and then the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is added to the alcohol dispersion under stirring, and after the addition is completed, the alcohol dispersion is stirred at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. for 20 min. in, then add deionized water to the alcohol dispersion, add the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the deionized water to the alcohol dispersion in a volume ratio of alcohol dispersion: ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: deionized water = 10:2:1; after the addition is completed, continue to stir at a constant temperature of 50±2°C for 2h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol twice, and dry it at 60°C for 30min. The dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a nitrogen protective atmosphere to form a mixture, and the dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of solid phase: mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile = 1:100; the mixture is kept constant temperature at 70±3°C in a water bath in a nitrogen protective atmosphere for 10h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol 3 times, and dry it at 60°C for 1h to obtain a modified powder;

(4) A layer of polyester paint is coated on the surface of the copper round wire as a primer layer (10 μm), and then the modified powder is added to water-based polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the modified powder to the water-based polyamide-imide is modified powder: water-based polyamide-imide = 9:100; the coating liquid is magnetically stirred for 40 minutes, and ultrasonic treatment is performed during the stirring process, with an ultrasonic power of 200 W and a frequency of 30 kHz; after the stirring is completed, vacuum degassing is performed, and then the coating is applied on the primer layer. After the coating is completed, the coating is kept at 70°C for 1 hour, then at 150°C for 2 hours, and then at 210°C for 2 hours. After the insulation is completed, the coating is cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10°C/min to form an anti-corona layer on the outside of the primer layer. The thickness of the anti-corona layer is 20 μm, and the wear-resistant and anti-corona enameled copper round wire is obtained.

Example 2

A wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled round copper wire, the preparation steps comprising:

(1) preparing an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate; in the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, the concentration of titanyl sulfate is 7 g/L; stirring the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, adding ammonia water to the solution under stirring, wherein the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%, and the volume ratio of ammonia water added to the solution of titanyl sulfate is titanyl sulfate solution: ammonia water = 10:3; after the addition is completed, the solution is kept at a constant temperature of 85±5° C. in a water bath, and after reaching the temperature, the solution is kept at a constant temperature and stirred for 2 hours, and then the solid and liquid are separated, and the solid phase is washed twice with deionized water. The solid phase after washing is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor, and the mass ratio of solid phase to hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:30; the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%; the solution is ultrasonically stirred for 2 hours, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the frequency is 30kHz; then water is added to dilute the solution, and the volume of the solution before dilution is 5 times; the reactor is sealed, heated to 120°C for hydrothermal insulation treatment for 8 hours, and air-cooled to room temperature after the insulation is completed, and the reactor is opened to obtain a sol;

(2) preparing an ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, wherein the concentration of chloroiridic acid in the ethanol solution is 1 g/L and the solvent is ethanol; preparing an ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride, wherein the concentration of tantalum pentachloride in the ethanol solution is 13 g/L and the solvent is ethanol; stirring the sol, and then adding the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride to the sol simultaneously under stirring, and continuing to stir the solution for 50 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding a sodium borohydride solution to the solution, wherein the concentration of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution is 1. 5g/L, the solvent is water; the volume ratio of the chloroiridic acid ethanol solution, the tantalum pentachloride ethanol solution and the sodium borohydride solution is added to the sol: the chloroiridic acid ethanol solution: the tantalum pentachloride ethanol solution: the sodium borohydride solution = 10:1:2:0.7; after the addition is completed, the solution is stirred for 20 minutes, and then ammonia water (the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%) is added to the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then the solution is stirred for 1 hour, the solid-liquid separation is carried out, the solid phase is washed with deionized water for 3 times, and dried at 60°C for 30 minutes to obtain a composite;

(3) preparing an ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane; in the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, the mass percentage of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is 2%, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing a mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile; in the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixing mass ratio is trifluoroethyl methacrylate: azobisisobutyronitrile: ethanol = 2.8:0.8:100; dispersing the composite in the ethanol solution to form an alcohol dispersion, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the composite dispersed in the ethanol solution is composite: ethanol = 1:50; the alcohol dispersion is kept at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. in a water bath, the alcohol dispersion is stirred during the insulation process, condensed and refluxed, and then the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is added to the alcohol dispersion under stirring, and after the addition is completed, the alcohol dispersion is stirred at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. for 20 min. in, then add deionized water to the alcohol dispersion, add the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the deionized water to the alcohol dispersion in a volume ratio of alcohol dispersion: ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: deionized water = 10:3:1; after the addition is completed, continue to stir at a constant temperature of 50±2°C for 2h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol twice, and dry it at 60°C for 30min. The dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a nitrogen protective atmosphere to form a mixture, and the dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of solid phase: mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile = 1:100; the mixture is kept constant at 70±3°C in a water bath in a nitrogen protective atmosphere for 10h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol 3 times, and dry it at 60°C for 1h to obtain a modified powder;

(4) A layer of polyester paint is coated on the surface of the copper round wire as a primer layer (10 μm), and then the modified powder is added to water-based polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the modified powder to the water-based polyamide-imide is modified powder: water-based polyamide-imide = 9:100; the coating liquid is magnetically stirred for 40 minutes, and ultrasonic treatment is performed during the stirring process, with an ultrasonic power of 200 W and a frequency of 30 kHz; after the stirring is completed, vacuum degassing is performed, and then the coating is applied on the primer layer. After the coating is completed, the coating is kept at 70° C. for 1 hour, then at 150° C. for 2 hours, and then at 210° C. for 2 hours. After the insulation is completed, the coating is cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10° C./min to form an anti-corona layer on the outside of the primer layer. The thickness of the anti-corona layer is 20 μm, and the wear-resistant and anti-corona enameled copper round wire is obtained.

Example 3

A wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled round copper wire, the preparation steps comprising:

(1) preparing an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate; in the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, the concentration of titanyl sulfate is 7 g/L; stirring the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, adding ammonia water to the solution under stirring, wherein the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%, and the volume ratio of ammonia water added to the solution of titanyl sulfate is titanyl sulfate solution: ammonia water = 10:4; after the addition is completed, the solution is kept at a constant temperature of 85±5° C. in a water bath, and after reaching the temperature, the solution is kept at a constant temperature and stirred for 2 hours, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out, and the solid phase is washed twice with deionized water. The solid phase after washing is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor, and the mass ratio of solid phase to hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:30; the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%; the solution is ultrasonically stirred for 2 hours, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the frequency is 30kHz; then water is added to dilute the solution, and the volume of the solution before dilution is 5 times; the reactor is sealed, heated to 120°C for hydrothermal insulation treatment for 8 hours, and air-cooled to room temperature after the insulation is completed, and the reactor is opened to obtain a sol;

(2) preparing an ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, wherein the concentration of chloroiridic acid in the ethanol solution is 1.2 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing an ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride, wherein the concentration of tantalum pentachloride in the ethanol solution is 13 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; stirring the sol, and then adding the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride to the sol while stirring, and continuing to stir the solution for 50 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding a sodium borohydride solution to the solution, wherein the concentration of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution is 1 .6g/L, the solvent is water; the volume ratio of the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride and the sodium borohydride solution is added to the sol: the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid: the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride: the sodium borohydride solution = 10:2:3:0.7; after the addition is completed, the solution is stirred for 20 minutes, and then ammonia water (the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%) is added to the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then the solution is stirred for 1 hour, the solid-liquid separation is carried out, the solid phase is washed with deionized water for 3 times, and dried at 60°C for 30 minutes to obtain a composite;

(3) preparing an ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane; in the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, the mass percentage of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is 3%, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing a mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile; in the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixing mass ratio is trifluoroethyl methacrylate: azobisisobutyronitrile: ethanol = 2.8:0.9:100; dispersing the composite in the ethanol solution to form an alcohol dispersion, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the composite dispersed in the ethanol solution is composite: ethanol = 1:50; the alcohol dispersion is kept at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. in a water bath, the alcohol dispersion is stirred during the insulation process, condensed and refluxed, and then the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is added to the alcohol dispersion under stirring, and after the addition is completed, the alcohol dispersion is stirred at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. for 20 min. in, then add deionized water to the alcohol dispersion, add the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the deionized water to the alcohol dispersion in a volume ratio of alcohol dispersion: ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: deionized water = 10:3:1; after the addition is completed, continue to stir at a constant temperature of 50±2°C for 2h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol twice, and dry it at 60°C for 30min. The dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a nitrogen protective atmosphere to form a mixture, and the dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of solid phase: mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile = 1:100; the mixture is kept constant at 70±3°C in a water bath in a nitrogen protective atmosphere for 10h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol 3 times, and dry it at 60°C for 1h to obtain a modified powder;

(4) A layer of polyester paint is coated on the surface of the copper round wire as a primer layer (10 μm), and then the modified powder is added to water-based polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the modified powder to the water-based polyamide-imide is modified powder: water-based polyamide-imide = 10:100; the coating liquid is magnetically stirred for 40 minutes, and ultrasonic treatment is performed during the stirring process, with an ultrasonic power of 200 W and a frequency of 30 kHz; after the stirring is completed, vacuum degassing is performed, and then the coating is applied on the primer layer. After the coating is completed, the coating is kept at 70°C for 1 hour, then at 150°C for 2 hours, and then at 210°C for 2 hours. After the insulation is completed, the coating is cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10°C/min to form an anti-corona layer on the outside of the primer layer. The thickness of the anti-corona layer is 20 μm, and the wear-resistant and anti-corona enameled copper round wire is obtained.

Example 4

A wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled round copper wire, the preparation steps comprising:

(1) preparing an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate; in the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, the concentration of titanyl sulfate is 8 g/L; stirring the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, adding ammonia water to the solution under stirring, wherein the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%, and the volume ratio of ammonia water added to the solution of titanyl sulfate is titanyl sulfate solution: ammonia water = 10:4; after the addition is completed, the solution is kept at a constant temperature of 85±5° C. in a water bath, and after reaching the temperature, the solution is kept at a constant temperature and stirred for 2 hours, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out, and the solid phase is washed twice with deionized water. The solid phase after washing is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor, and the mass ratio of solid phase to hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:30; the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%; the solution is ultrasonically stirred for 2 hours, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the frequency is 30kHz; then water is added to dilute the solution, and the volume of the solution before dilution is 5 times; the reactor is sealed, heated to 120°C for hydrothermal insulation treatment for 8 hours, and air-cooled to room temperature after the insulation is completed, and the reactor is opened to obtain a sol;

(2) preparing an ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, wherein the concentration of chloroiridic acid in the ethanol solution is 1.4 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing an ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride, wherein the concentration of tantalum pentachloride in the ethanol solution is 14 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; stirring the sol, and then adding the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride to the sol while stirring, and continuing to stir the solution for 50 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding a sodium borohydride solution to the solution, wherein the concentration of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution is 1 .7g/L, the solvent is water; the volume ratio of the chloroiridic acid ethanol solution, the tantalum pentachloride ethanol solution and the sodium borohydride solution is added to the sol: the chloroiridic acid ethanol solution: the tantalum pentachloride ethanol solution: the sodium borohydride solution = 10:2:4:0.8; after the addition is completed, the solution is stirred for 20 minutes, and then ammonia water (the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%) is added to the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then the solution is stirred for 1 hour, the solid-liquid separation is carried out, the solid phase is washed with deionized water for 3 times, and dried at 60°C for 30 minutes to obtain a composite;

(3) preparing an ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane; in the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, the mass percentage of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is 3%, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing a mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile; in the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixing mass ratio is trifluoroethyl methacrylate: azobisisobutyronitrile: ethanol = 3.2:0.9:100; dispersing the composite in the ethanol solution to form an alcohol dispersion, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the composite dispersed in the ethanol solution is composite: ethanol = 1:50; the alcohol dispersion is kept at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. in a water bath, the alcohol dispersion is stirred during the insulation process, condensed and refluxed, and then the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is added to the alcohol dispersion under stirring, and after the addition is completed, the alcohol dispersion is stirred at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. for 20 min. in, then add deionized water to the alcohol dispersion, add the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the deionized water to the alcohol dispersion in a volume ratio of alcohol dispersion: ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: deionized water = 10:4:1; after the addition is completed, continue to stir at a constant temperature of 50±2°C for 2h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol twice, and dry it at 60°C for 30min. The dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a nitrogen protective atmosphere to form a mixture, and the dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of solid phase: mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile = 1:100; the mixture is kept constant temperature at 70±3°C in a water bath in a nitrogen protective atmosphere for 10h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol 3 times, and dry it at 60°C for 1h to obtain a modified powder;

(4) A layer of polyester paint is coated on the surface of the copper round wire as a primer layer (10 μm), and then the modified powder is added to water-based polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the modified powder to the water-based polyamide-imide is modified powder: water-based polyamide-imide = 10:100; the coating liquid is magnetically stirred for 40 minutes, and ultrasonic treatment is performed during the stirring process, with an ultrasonic power of 200 W and a frequency of 30 kHz; after the stirring is completed, vacuum degassing is performed, and then the coating is applied on the primer layer. After the coating is completed, the coating is kept at 70°C for 1 hour, then at 150°C for 2 hours, and then at 210°C for 2 hours. After the insulation is completed, the coating is cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10°C/min to form an anti-corona layer on the outside of the primer layer. The thickness of the anti-corona layer is 20 μm, and the wear-resistant and anti-corona enameled copper round wire is obtained.

Comparative Example 1

A comparative enameled round copper wire, the preparation steps include:

(1) preparing an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate; in the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, the concentration of titanyl sulfate is 7 g/L; stirring the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, adding ammonia water to the solution under stirring, wherein the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%, and the volume ratio of ammonia water added to the solution of titanyl sulfate is titanyl sulfate solution: ammonia water = 10:4; after the addition is completed, the solution is kept at a constant temperature of 85±5° C. in a water bath, and after reaching the temperature, the solution is kept at a constant temperature and stirred for 2 hours, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out, and the solid phase is washed twice with deionized water. The solid phase after washing is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor, and the mass ratio of solid phase to hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:30; the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%; the solution is ultrasonically stirred for 2 hours, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the frequency is 30kHz; then water is added to dilute the solution, and the volume of the solution before dilution is 5 times; the reactor is sealed, heated to 120°C for hydrothermal insulation treatment for 8 hours, and air-cooled to room temperature after the insulation is completed, and the reactor is opened to obtain a sol;

(2) preparing an ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride; in the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride, the concentration of tantalum pentachloride is 13 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; stirring the sol, and then adding the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride to the sol under stirring, and continuing to stir the solution for 50 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding a sodium borohydride solution to the solution, wherein the concentration of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution is 1.6 g/L, and the solvent is water; adding the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride and the sodium borohydride solution to the sol in a volume ratio of sol: ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride: sodium borohydride solution = 10:3:0.7; after the addition is completed, stirring the solution for 20 minutes, and then adding ammonia water (the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%) to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then stirring the solution for 1 hour, separating the solid and the liquid, washing the solid phase with deionized water for 3 times, and drying at 60° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a composite;

(3) preparing an ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane; in the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, the mass percentage of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is 3%, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing a mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile; in the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixing mass ratio is trifluoroethyl methacrylate: azobisisobutyronitrile: ethanol = 2.8:0.9:100; dispersing the composite in the ethanol solution to form an alcohol dispersion, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the composite dispersed in the ethanol solution is composite: ethanol = 1:50; the alcohol dispersion is kept at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. in a water bath, the alcohol dispersion is stirred during the insulation process, condensed and refluxed, and then the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is added to the alcohol dispersion under stirring, and after the addition is completed, the alcohol dispersion is stirred at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. for 20 min. in, then add deionized water to the alcohol dispersion, add the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the deionized water to the alcohol dispersion in a volume ratio of alcohol dispersion: ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: deionized water = 10:3:1; after the addition is completed, continue to stir at a constant temperature of 50±2°C for 2h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol twice, and dry it at 60°C for 30min. The dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a nitrogen protective atmosphere to form a mixture, and the dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of solid phase: mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile = 1:100; the mixture is kept constant at 70±3°C in a water bath in a nitrogen protective atmosphere for 10h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol 3 times, and dry it at 60°C for 1h to obtain a modified powder;

(4) A layer of polyester paint is coated on the surface of the copper round wire as a primer layer (10 μm), and then the modified powder is added to the aqueous polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the modified powder to the aqueous polyamide-imide is modified powder: aqueous polyamide-imide = 10:100; the coating liquid is magnetically stirred for 40 min, and ultrasonically treated during the stirring process, with an ultrasonic power of 200 W and a frequency of 30 kHz; after the stirring is completed, vacuum degassing is performed, and then the coating is applied on the primer layer. After the coating is completed, the coating is kept at 70° C. for 1 h, then at 150° C. for 2 h, and then at 210° C. for 2 h. After the insulation is completed, the coating is cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10° C./min to form an anti-corona layer on the outside of the primer layer. The thickness of the anti-corona layer is 20 μm, and the enameled copper round wire described in this comparative example is obtained.

Comparative Example 2

A comparative enameled round copper wire, the preparation steps include:

(1) preparing an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate; in the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, the concentration of titanyl sulfate is 7 g/L; stirring the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, adding ammonia water to the solution under stirring, wherein the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%, and the volume ratio of ammonia water added to the solution of titanyl sulfate is titanyl sulfate solution: ammonia water = 10:4; after the addition is completed, the solution is kept at a constant temperature of 85±5° C. in a water bath, and after reaching the temperature, the solution is kept at a constant temperature and stirred for 2 hours, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out, and the solid phase is washed twice with deionized water. The solid phase after washing is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor, and the mass ratio of solid phase to hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:30; the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%; the solution is ultrasonically stirred for 2 hours, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the frequency is 30kHz; then water is added to dilute the solution, and the volume of the solution before dilution is 5 times; the reactor is sealed, heated to 120°C for hydrothermal insulation treatment for 8 hours, and air-cooled to room temperature after the insulation is completed, and the reactor is opened to obtain a sol;

(2) preparing an ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, wherein the concentration of chloroiridic acid in the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid is 1.2 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; stirring the sol, then adding the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid to the sol under stirring, and continuing to stir the solution for 50 min after the addition is completed, and then adding a sodium borohydride solution to the solution, wherein the concentration of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution is 1.6 g/L, and the solvent is water; adding the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and the sodium borohydride solution to the sol in a volume ratio of sol: ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid: sodium borohydride solution = 10:2:0.7; stirring the solution for 20 min after the addition is completed, and then adding ammonia water (the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%) to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then stirring the solution for 1 h, separating the solid and the liquid, washing the solid phase with deionized water for 3 times, and drying at 60° C. for 30 min to obtain a composite;

(3) preparing an ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane; in the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, the mass percentage of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is 3%, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing a mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile; in the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixing mass ratio is trifluoroethyl methacrylate: azobisisobutyronitrile: ethanol = 2.8:0.9:100; dispersing the composite in the ethanol solution to form an alcohol dispersion, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the composite dispersed in the ethanol solution is composite: ethanol = 1:50; the alcohol dispersion is kept at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. in a water bath, the alcohol dispersion is stirred during the insulation process, condensed and refluxed, and then the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane is added to the alcohol dispersion under stirring, and after the addition is completed, the alcohol dispersion is stirred at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. for 20 min. in, then add deionized water to the alcohol dispersion, add the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the deionized water to the alcohol dispersion in a volume ratio of alcohol dispersion: ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: deionized water = 10:3:1; after the addition is completed, continue to stir at a constant temperature of 50±2°C for 2h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol twice, and dry it at 60°C for 30min. The dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a nitrogen protective atmosphere to form a mixture, and the dried solid phase is added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of solid phase: mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile = 1:100; the mixture is kept constant at 70±3°C in a water bath in a nitrogen protective atmosphere for 10h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol 3 times, and dry it at 60°C for 1h to obtain a modified powder;

(4) A layer of polyester paint is coated on the surface of the copper round wire as a primer layer (10 μm), and then the modified powder is added to the aqueous polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the modified powder to the aqueous polyamide-imide is modified powder: aqueous polyamide-imide = 10:100; the coating liquid is magnetically stirred for 40 min, and ultrasonically treated during the stirring process, with an ultrasonic power of 200 W and a frequency of 30 kHz; after the stirring is completed, vacuum degassing is performed, and then the coating is applied on the primer layer. After the coating is completed, the coating is kept at 70° C. for 1 h, then at 150° C. for 2 h, and then at 210° C. for 2 h. After the insulation is completed, the coating is cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10° C./min to form an anti-corona layer on the outside of the primer layer. The thickness of the anti-corona layer is 20 μm, and the enameled copper round wire described in this comparative example is obtained.

Comparative Example 3

A comparative enameled round copper wire, the preparation steps include:

(1) preparing an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate; in the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, the concentration of titanyl sulfate is 7 g/L; stirring the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, adding ammonia water to the solution under stirring, wherein the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%, and the volume ratio of ammonia water added to the solution of titanyl sulfate is titanyl sulfate solution: ammonia water = 10:4; after the addition is completed, the solution is kept at a constant temperature of 85±5° C. in a water bath, and after reaching the temperature, the solution is kept at a constant temperature and stirred for 2 hours, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out, and the solid phase is washed twice with deionized water. The solid phase after washing is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor, and the mass ratio of solid phase to hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:30; the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%; the solution is ultrasonically stirred for 2 hours, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the frequency is 30kHz; then water is added to dilute the solution, and the volume of the solution before dilution is 5 times; the reactor is sealed, heated to 120°C for hydrothermal insulation treatment for 8 hours, and air-cooled to room temperature after the insulation is completed, and the reactor is opened to obtain a sol;

(2) preparing an ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, wherein the concentration of chloroiridic acid in the ethanol solution is 1.2 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; preparing an ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride, wherein the concentration of tantalum pentachloride in the ethanol solution is 13 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; stirring the sol, and then adding the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride to the sol while stirring, and continuing to stir the solution for 50 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding a sodium borohydride solution to the solution, wherein the concentration of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution is 1 .6g/L, the solvent is water; the volume ratio of the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride and the sodium borohydride solution is added to the sol: the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid: the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride: the sodium borohydride solution = 10:2:3:0.7; after the addition is completed, the solution is stirred for 20 minutes, and then ammonia water (the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%) is added to the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then the solution is stirred for 1 hour, the solid-liquid separation is carried out, the solid phase is washed with deionized water for 3 times, and dried at 60°C for 30 minutes to obtain a composite;

(3) preparing an ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; in the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, the mass percentage of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 3%, and the solvent is ethanol; dispersing the composite in the ethanol solution to form an alcohol dispersion, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the composite dispersed in the ethanol solution is composite:ethanol=1:50; the alcohol dispersion is kept at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. in a water bath, the alcohol dispersion is stirred during the insulation process, condensed and refluxed, and then the γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane is added to the alcohol dispersion under stirring. The ethanol solution of acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, after the addition is completed, the alcohol dispersion is stirred at a constant temperature of 50±2°C for 20 minutes, and then deionized water is added to the alcohol dispersion, and the volume ratio of the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the deionized water is added to the alcohol dispersion in an alcohol dispersion: ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: deionized water = 10:3:1; after the addition is completed, the constant temperature stirring is continued at 50±2°C for 2 hours, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out, the solid phase is washed with ethanol 3 times, and dried at 60°C for 1 hour to obtain the modified powder of this comparative example;

(4) A layer of polyester paint is coated on the surface of the copper round wire as a primer layer (10 μm), and then the modified powder is added to the aqueous polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the modified powder to the aqueous polyamide-imide is modified powder: aqueous polyamide-imide = 10:100; the coating liquid is magnetically stirred for 40 min, and ultrasonically treated during the stirring process, with an ultrasonic power of 200 W and a frequency of 30 kHz; after the stirring is completed, vacuum degassing is performed, and then the coating is applied on the primer layer. After the coating is completed, the coating is kept at 70° C. for 1 h, then at 150° C. for 2 h, and then at 210° C. for 2 h. After the insulation is completed, the coating is cooled to room temperature at a rate of 10° C./min to form an anti-corona layer on the outside of the primer layer. The thickness of the anti-corona layer is 20 μm, and the enameled copper round wire described in this comparative example is obtained.

Example 5

The corona resistance of the enameled copper round wire prepared by the methods described in the above embodiments and comparative examples was tested on an enameled wire corona resistance tester, and a control sample was tested as a control group. The preparation method of the control sample is as follows: a layer of polyester paint is applied on the surface of the copper round wire as a primer layer (10 μm), and then a water-based polyamide-imide is applied on the primer layer. After the coating is completed, it is kept at 70°C for 1 hour, then kept at 150°C for 2 hours, and then kept at 210°C for 2 hours. After the insulation is completed, it is cooled to room temperature at 10°C/min to form a control group layer outside the primer layer. The thickness of the control group layer is 20 μm, and a control sample is obtained. The test conditions are: 155°C test temperature, pulse frequency of 20kHz, duty cycle of 50%, peak value of pulse voltage set to 3kV, and pulse waveform is square wave. In addition, an intelligent unidirectional paint scraping tester is used to carry out a scratch resistance test on the enameled copper round wire prepared by the methods described in the above embodiments and comparative examples, and the results are shown in Table 1.

As can be seen from Table 1, the enameled copper round wire prepared by the method of the present invention has good corona resistance, high scratch resistance, and good adhesion of the paint film on the enameled wire. This is mainly because the modified powder prepared by the present invention has a large specific surface area. After being doped with iridium tantalum active material, it can form a charge dispersion protection layer in the polyamide-imide paint film under high pressure, reduce the intensity of local discharge inside the insulating material, and thus improve the corona resistance of the paint layer; at the same time, the modified powder improves the dispersibility of the powder in the polyamide-imide paint film, enhances the bonding strength between the powder and the substrate, on the one hand, further weakens the possibility of local discharge, and on the other hand, improves the strength of the paint film and improves the durability of the polyamide-imide paint film.

Table 1

test group Corona resistance time (h) Average scratch force (N) Example 1 16.52 14.68 Example 2 16.91 14.85 Example 3 17.36 15.72 Example 4 17.30 15.79 Comparative Example 1 11.39 12.66 Comparative Example 2 13.64 13.91 Comparative Example 3 7.55 10.40 Control group 2.12 8.71

The technical solution provided by the present invention is introduced in detail above. For those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the embodiments of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled round copper wire, characterized in that the preparation steps include: (1) preparing an aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate; stirring the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate, adding aqueous ammonia to the solution under stirring, and after the addition is completed, the solution is kept at a constant temperature of 85±5° C. in a water bath, and after reaching the temperature, the solution is kept and stirred for more than 2 hours, and then the solid and liquid are separated, the solid phase is washed with deionized water, and the washed solid phase is added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor, and the solution is ultrasonically stirred for more than 2 hours, and then water is added to dilute the solution, the reactor is sealed, and heated to 120° C. for hydrothermal insulation treatment for more than 8 hours, and after the insulation is completed, the solution is air-cooled to room temperature, and the reactor is opened to obtain a sol; (2) preparing an ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and an ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride; stirring the sol, and then adding the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid and the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride to the sol while stirring, and continuing to stir the solution for more than 50 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding sodium borohydride solution to the solution, and stirring the solution for more than 20 minutes after the addition is completed, and then adding ammonia water to the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, and then stirring the solution for more than 1 hour, separating the solid and the liquid, washing the solid phase with deionized water for more than 3 times, and drying at 60° C. for more than 30 minutes to obtain a composite; (3) preparing an ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; preparing a mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile; dispersing the composite in the ethanol solution to form an alcohol dispersion, keeping the alcohol dispersion in a water bath at a constant temperature of 50±2° C., stirring the alcohol dispersion during the insulation process, condensing and refluxing, and then adding the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane to the alcohol dispersion under stirring, and stirring the alcohol dispersion at a constant temperature of 50±2° C. for 20 minutes after the addition is completed. , then add deionized water to the alcohol dispersion, continue to stir at a constant temperature of 50±2°C for more than 2h after the addition is completed, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol twice, and dry it at 60°C for more than 30min, add the dried solid phase to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile in a nitrogen protective atmosphere to form a mixture, and keep the mixture in a water bath at a constant temperature of 70±3°C in a nitrogen protective atmosphere for more than 10h, then separate the solid and liquid, wash the solid phase with ethanol three times, and dry it at 60°C for more than 1h to obtain a modified powder; (4) coating a layer of polyester paint on the surface of the copper round wire as a base layer, then adding the modified powder into water-based polyamide-imide to form a coating liquid, magnetically stirring the coating liquid for more than 40 minutes, ultrasonically treating during the stirring process, vacuuming and degassing after the stirring is completed, and then coating on the base layer, keeping the temperature at 70°C for 1 hour, then keeping the temperature at 150°C for 2 hours, and then keeping the temperature at 210°C for 2 hours after the coating is completed, and cooling to room temperature at 10°C/min after the insulation is completed to obtain the wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled copper round wire. 2. The wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled copper round wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (1), the concentration of titanyl sulfate in the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate is 6-8 g/L; the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%, and the volume ratio of ammonia water added to the titanyl sulfate solution is titanyl sulfate solution: ammonia water = 10:3-4. 3. The wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled copper round wire according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the washed solid phase added to the hydrogen peroxide solution in the reactor is solid phase: hydrogen peroxide solution = 1:30; the mass percentage of the solute in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%; the ultrasonic power is 200 W and the frequency is 30 kHz; water is added to dilute the solution to 5 times the volume of the solution before dilution. 4. A wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled copper round wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (2), the concentration of chloroiridic acid in the ethanol solution is 0.8-1.4 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; the concentration of tantalum pentachloride in the ethanol solution is 12-14 g/L, and the solvent is ethanol; the concentration of sodium borohydride in the sodium borohydride solution is 1.4-1.7 g/L, and the solvent is water; the volume ratio of the ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid, the ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride, and the sodium borohydride solution added to the sol is sol: ethanol solution of chloroiridic acid: ethanol solution of tantalum pentachloride: sodium borohydride solution = 10:1-2:1-4:0.6-0.8; the mass percentage of the solute in the ammonia water is 20%. 5. The wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled copper round wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (3), in the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, the mass percentage of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 2% to 3%, and the solvent is ethanol; in the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixing mass ratio is trifluoroethyl methacrylate: azobisisobutyronitrile: ethanol = 2.6 to 3.2: 0.8 to 0.9: 100; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the composite dispersed in the ethanol solution is composite: ethanol = 1:50; the volume ratio of the ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the deionized water added to the alcohol dispersion is alcohol dispersion: ethanol solution of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: deionized water = 10:2 to 4:1. 6. The wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled copper round wire according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (3), the mass ratio of the dried solid phase added to the mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile is solid phase: mixed ethanol solution of trifluoroethyl methacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile = 1:100. 7. The wear-resistant and corona-resistant enameled copper round wire according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (4), the mass ratio of the modified powder added to the water-based polyamide-imide is modified powder: water-based polyamide-imide = 9-10:100.