CN117985651A - Underground hydrogen source based on low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer of hydrocarbons and preparation method and use method thereof - Google Patents
Underground hydrogen source based on low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer of hydrocarbons and preparation method and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及油气田开发技术领域，公开了一种基于烃类低温催化氢转移的地下氢源及其制备方法和使用方法。所述基于烃类低温催化氢转移的地下氢源含有：(a)稀土基复合物，所述稀土基复合物为烃类液体与一种或多种稀土化合物的复合物；以及(b)萘。本发明所述的基于烃类低温催化氢转移的地下氢源在使用过程中，在含伊利石的高温多孔介质中，通过稀土化合物、轻质烃类与萘作用，可以生成氢气和萘的加氢产物(如四氢萘、十氢萘等)，即产生生氢和储氢的效果。The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and discloses an underground hydrogen source based on low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer of hydrocarbons, and a preparation method and a use method thereof. The underground hydrogen source based on low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer of hydrocarbons contains: (a) a rare earth-based composite, which is a composite of a hydrocarbon liquid and one or more rare earth compounds; and (b) naphthalene. During use, the underground hydrogen source based on low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer of hydrocarbons described in the present invention can generate hydrogen and naphthalene hydrogenation products (such as tetralin, decalin, etc.) through the action of rare earth compounds, light hydrocarbons and naphthalene in a high-temperature porous medium containing illite, that is, produce the effects of hydrogen generation and hydrogen storage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to an underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer, and a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
The global high viscosity crude oil is used for ascertaining 8150 hundred million tons of reserves, accounting for 70 percent of the residual reserves of the petroleum, is a large-scale major strategic resource, has a revolutionary opportunity, and is expected to bring great changes of oil gas yield and safety situation in China once a new breakthrough of theoretical technology is obtained, so that the method is worth paying high attention to.
In-situ modification is carried out in an oil reservoir through catalytic modification, heavy oil is irreversibly converted into light oil, recovery ratio is greatly improved, poor resources are upgraded into high-quality resources, the energy of the whole industrial chain is utilized once, consumption is reduced, emission is reduced, the method is equivalent to an underground refinery, benefits and environmental problems of exploitation, gathering, transportation and refining are hopefully solved, scientific problems are clear, technical routes are clear, and field test verification is carried out.
One of the core reactions for in situ upgrading of high viscosity crude oil is the catalytic hydrogenation of heavy crude oil components, and the choice of hydrogen source is critical in determining technical routes and cost effectiveness. At present, the hydrogen sources for catalytic hydrogenation of petroleum products mainly comprise two types, namely hydrogen and tetrahydronaphthalene/decalin. Among them, the petroleum industry produces hydrogen gas by 3 kinds of technology, the first kind is hydrogen production by gaseous hydrocarbon, mainly natural gas steam reforming technology, and it needs above 800 ℃; the second type is light oil hydrogen production, mainly naphtha steam conversion technology, and the temperature is 500 ℃; the third category is hydrogen production by heavy oil, mainly the partial oxidation steam conversion technology of heavy oil, which requires 600-1000 ℃. The hydrogen obtaining cost of the route is very high, the high temperature condition is harsh, the generated hydrogen is in a gaseous state, the requirements on storage and a reactor are high, the method is particularly used in the field of catalytic hydrogenation, the temperature is required to be up to 350-400 ℃ in the face of complex heterogeneous reaction of a gaseous hydrogen source, a solid catalyst and a liquid substrate, the pressure of water vapor corresponding to the temperature is more than 16MPa, the rupture pressure of a middle-shallow reservoir is higher than the rupture pressure of most of high-viscosity crude oil, and the method is difficult to meet the reservoir conditions of most of high-quality crude oil, so the method is not a high-quality hydrogen source. The hydrogen-rich polycyclic compound represented by tetrahydronaphthalene and decalin can provide hydrogen for catalytic hydrogenation reaction under milder conditions, is liquid, does not have gas-liquid-gas-solid interfaces, has higher reaction efficiency, can meet the use in underground oil reservoirs, and is a high-quality hydrogen source for underground catalytic hydrogenation modification. However, the industrial synthesis route of the high-quality hydrogen source mainly comes from hydrogenation reduction reaction of naphthalene, the raw material is still high-pressure hydrogen, the price is high, if the high-quality hydrogen source is directly injected as a hydrogenation agent, the technology is feasible but is not economically feasible, and the low-cost production of the high-quality hydrogen source under the oil reservoir condition is one of the key scientific problems to be solved in-situ modification of the high-viscosity crude oil.
Therefore, the hydrogen obtaining temperature condition of the route is harsh, the cost is high, and the route is difficult to be used in the field of in-situ modification. Accordingly, there is a strong need for new sources of high quality hydrogen, methods of manufacture and methods of use that overcome the deficiencies described in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer, a preparation method and a use method thereof, wherein the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer can provide a low-cost high-quality hydrogen source for in-situ modified catalytic hydrogenation reaction, skillfully avoids the high-temperature condition of hydrogen as the hydrogen source, directly solves the cost problem of the high-quality hydrogen source, and can be generated in situ in an oil reservoir.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a subsurface hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer, comprising:
(a) A rare earth-based composite, wherein the rare earth-based composite is a composite of hydrocarbon liquid and one or more rare earth compounds; and
(B) Naphthalene.
Preferably, the rare earth-based compound is contained in an amount of 70 to 99.9wt% and naphthalene is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 30wt% based on 100wt% of the total amount of the underground hydrogen source.
Further preferably, the rare earth-based compound is contained in an amount of 80 to 99wt% and naphthalene is contained in an amount of 1 to 20wt% based on 100wt% of the total amount of the underground hydrogen source.
Preferably, in the rare earth composite, the rare earth element accounts for 0.1-5% of the total mass of the rare earth composite.
Preferably, the rare earth element in the rare earth compound is selected from one or more of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, and europium.
Preferably, the rare earth compound is selected from at least one of a rare earth metallocene organic complex and a rare earth aromatic organic acid complex, preferably at least one of a rare earth dicyclopentadiene organic complex and a naphthalene-based organic acid rare earth complex.
Preferably, the hydrocarbon liquid is a petroleum hydrocarbon liquid or a petroleum refining product.
Preferably, the hydrocarbon liquid has a hydrogen to carbon atomic ratio of not less than 1.62, preferably not less than 1.78.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-described underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer, comprising the steps of:
(1) Reacting one or more rare earth compounds with one or more hydrocarbon liquids, and separating the liquids from the reaction mixture;
(2) Mixing the liquid separated in step (1) with naphthalene, and then separating the liquid from the mixture.
Preferably, in step (1), the reaction temperature is 60-100℃and the reaction time is 1-8 hours.
Preferably, in step (2), the mixing process is operated at a temperature of 60-72℃for a period of 1-10 hours.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method of using a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based subsurface hydrogen source as described hereinbefore or prepared in accordance with the method described hereinbefore, the method comprising:
(1) Injecting the underground hydrogen source into a porous medium containing illite to form a hydrogen production and storage system;
(2) Raising the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen producing and storing system to 150-350 ℃ and 1-16MPa respectively to generate hydrogen and naphthalene hydrogenation products, so as to realize hydrogen producing and storing;
Wherein the mass fraction of illite in the illite-containing porous medium is not less than 0.2%.
Through the technical scheme, the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer can generate hydrogenation products (such as tetrahydronaphthalene, decalin and the like) of hydrogen and naphthalene through the actions of rare earth compounds, light hydrocarbons and naphthalene in a high-temperature porous medium containing illite, namely, the effects of generating hydrogen and storing hydrogen are generated. Compared with the prior art, the integrated hydrogen generation and hydrogen storage is realized, and the process difficulty and cost of a high-quality hydrogen source are obviously reduced.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer comprises:
(a) A rare earth-based composite, wherein the rare earth-based composite is a composite of hydrocarbon liquid and one or more rare earth compounds; and
(B) Naphthalene.
In the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer according to the present invention, the content of the rare earth-based complex may be 70 to 99.9wt%, preferably 80 to 99wt%, based on 100wt% of the total amount of the underground hydrogen source; the naphthalene content may be 0.1 to 30wt%, preferably 1 to 20wt%, and specifically, for example, may be 1wt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, 15wt% or 20wt%.
In the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer according to the present invention, the rare earth element in the rare earth composite may be 0.1 to 5% by weight, specifically, for example, 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% or 5% by weight of the total mass of the rare earth composite.
In the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer according to the invention, the rare earth element in the rare earth compound is preferably a light rare earth element. In a specific embodiment, the rare earth element in the rare earth compound is selected from one or more of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, and europium. Preferably, the rare earth element is lanthanum, cerium, or a combination of light rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium.
In the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer according to the present invention, preferably, the rare earth compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of rare earth metallocene organic complexes and rare earth aromatic organic acid complexes, and more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of rare earth dicyclopentadiene organic complexes and naphthalene based organic acid rare earth complexes. In particular embodiments, the rare earth compound is selected from the group consisting of cerium dichloride (Cp 2 CeCl), tert-butyl rare earth dicyclopentadiene (wherein the rare earth elements are combinations of the light rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium), cerium 2, 3-naphthalene dicarboxylate, and rare earth 1, 5-dihydroxy-2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylate (wherein the rare earth elements are combinations of the light rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium).
In the hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based subsurface hydrogen source of the present invention, the hydrocarbon liquid may be a petroleum hydrocarbon liquid or a petroleum refining product. In a further preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon liquid has a hydrogen to carbon atom (molar) ratio of not less than 1.62, preferably 1.78 to 2.2. In a specific embodiment, the hydrocarbon liquid is selected from at least one of naphtha, catalytic diesel, coker diesel, and straight run gasoline.
The preparation method of the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer can comprise the following steps:
(1) Reacting one or more rare earth compounds with one or more hydrocarbon liquids, and separating the liquids (i.e., rare earth-based complexes) from the reaction mixture;
(2) Mixing the liquid separated in step (1) with naphthalene, and then separating the liquid from the mixture.
In the step (1), the reaction temperature is 60-100 ℃ and the reaction time is 1-8h.
In the step (2), the operation temperature of the mixing process is 60-72 ℃ and the time is 1-10h.
In the method of the present invention, in the step (1), the rare earth compound and the hydrocarbon liquid are used in such an amount that the rare earth element content in the prepared rare earth-based composite is 0.1 to 5wt%.
In the method of the present invention, the rare earth element in the rare earth compound is preferably a light rare earth element. In a specific embodiment, the rare earth element in the rare earth compound is selected from one or more of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, and europium. Preferably, the rare earth element is lanthanum, cerium, or a combination of light rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium.
In the method of the present invention, the rare earth compound is preferably selected from at least one of a rare earth metallocene organic complex and a rare earth aromatic organic acid complex, and more preferably at least one of a rare earth dicyclopentadienyl organic complex and a naphthalene-based organic acid rare earth complex. In particular embodiments, the rare earth compound is selected from the group consisting of cerium dichloride (Cp 2 CeCl), tert-butyl rare earth dicyclopentadiene (wherein the rare earth elements are combinations of the light rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium), cerium 2, 3-naphthalene dicarboxylate, and rare earth 1, 5-dihydroxy-2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylate (wherein the rare earth elements are combinations of the light rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium).
In the process of the present invention, the hydrocarbon liquid may be a petroleum hydrocarbon liquid or a petroleum refining product. In a further preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon liquid has a hydrogen to carbon atom (molar) ratio of not less than 1.62, preferably 1.78 to 2.2. In a specific embodiment, the hydrocarbon liquid is selected from at least one of naphtha, catalytic diesel, coker diesel, and straight run gasoline.
In the process according to the invention, in step (2), the rare earth-based compound and naphthalene are used in amounts such that the content of rare earth-based compound in the prepared underground hydrogen source is 70 to 99.9wt%, preferably 80 to 99wt%; the naphthalene content is 0.1 to 30 wt.%, preferably 1 to 20 wt.%.
In a more preferred embodiment, the method for preparing a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based subsurface hydrogen source comprises:
(1) Mixing one or more rare earth compounds with one or more hydrocarbon liquids, and stirring at 60-100 ℃ for reaction for 1-8 hours;
(2) Ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 1 to 8 hours under stirring;
(3) Cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely the rare earth-based compound, wherein rare earth elements account for 0.1-5% of the total mass of the product;
(4) Stirring and mixing the rare earth-based compound and naphthalene at 60-72 ℃ for 1-10h;
(5) Cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer.
The invention also provides a method of using the hydrocarbon-based low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer underground hydrogen source described above or prepared according to the method described above, the method comprising:
(1) Injecting the underground hydrogen source into a porous medium containing illite at normal temperature and normal pressure to form a hydrogen production and storage system;
(2) And respectively raising the temperature and the pressure of the hydrogen production and storage system to 150-350 ℃ and 1-16MPa to generate hydrogenation products of hydrogen and naphthalene, thereby realizing hydrogen production and storage.
In the method of use of the invention, the hydrocarbon-based subsurface hydrogen source that catalyzes hydrogen transfer at low temperature may or may not flow in the illite-containing porous medium, or may not flow partially while not flowing partially.
In the method of use of the present invention, water, crude oil, etc. may be present in the illite-containing porous medium.
During the application, the mass fraction of illite in the illite-containing porous medium is not less than 0.2%, preferably 0.4% -4%. In specific embodiments, the mass fraction of illite in the illite-containing porous media is 0.4%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.2%, 3.5% or 4%.
In the method of use of the invention, the hydrogenation products of naphthalene are mixtures of different hydrogenation degrees, mainly tetrahydronaphthalene and decalin.
The technical idea of the invention mainly comprises three aspects: firstly, the gas hydrogen is converted into liquid hydrogen, so that the international general technical route of the gas hydrogen source is not needed for safety and sustainable development, and a new liquid hydrogen source is sought; secondly, the cost of a liquid hydrogen source is far higher than that of a gas hydrogen source under the current technical condition because of taking oil, and the method adopts a technical route for acquiring electrons from liquid hydrocarbon and transfers the electrons to a hydrogen storage medium to generate a low-cost liquid hydrogen source; thirdly, hydrogen is generated in situ, hydrogen transfer reaction occurs underground, and a liquid hydrogen source is generated in situ, so that the subsequent hydrogenation reaction is facilitated. Through the whole set of technical thought, three important technical challenges of safety, low cost and in-situ hydrogen generation are solved, and the method can be directly used for in-situ modification of high-viscosity crude oil.
The high-viscosity crude oil is subjected to in-situ modification by adopting the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer, so that on one hand, the modification and viscosity reduction effects are good, the viscosity reduction rate of the produced crude oil is more than 99%, and the yield is remarkably increased; on the other hand, the method can catalyze hydrocarbon to generate hydrogen transfer reaction at the low temperature below 350 ℃ to generate hydrogen and hydrogenation products of naphthalene, so that in-situ modification in an underground oil reservoir is possible.
The existing hydrocarbon-based catalytic hydrogen production technologies are three types, namely gaseous hydrocarbon hydrogen production, light oil hydrogen production and heavy oil hydrogen production, mainly adopt transition metal composite catalysts such as molybdenum, cobalt, iron and the like, and have the reaction temperature of 500-1000 ℃ and are difficult to realize in an underground oil reservoir for a long time, so that the technology has no feasibility in the field of oilfield development. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The reaction temperature of the catalytic hydrogen production based on hydrocarbon raw materials is reduced from more than 500 ℃ to less than 350 ℃, so that the condition which cannot be achieved underground becomes possible, and the catalytic hydrogen production has a milestone meaning;
(2) The needed hydrocarbon raw material can be crude oil (thick oil), and the hydrogen source which is originally required to be purchased from high price is changed into low-price self-production, so that the practical significance is great;
(3) The reaction can occur in an underground porous medium, so that the process of injecting the high-risk dangerous chemical hydrogen source from the wellhead is avoided, and the practicability is very strong.
The hydrocarbon-based low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer underground hydrogen source, and methods of making and using the same, according to the present invention, are further described by way of example below. The embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed implementation modes and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiment.
The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional in the art. The experimental materials used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
In the following examples, the rare earth element content of the rare earth based composite was analyzed according to X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and the naphthalene content of the subsurface hydrogen source was detected according to gas chromatography.
Example 1
This example illustrates a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based underground hydrogen source and method of making the same according to the present invention.
The underground hydrogen source prepared in this example contains a combination of dicyclopentadienyl cerium chloride (Cp 2 CeCl) and naphtha and naphthalene, and is prepared as follows:
(1) The mixture was obtained by mixing the cerium dichloride (Cp 2 CeCl) with naphtha and reacting at 60℃for 2 hours with stirring.
(2) The above mixture was sonicated with stirring for 2 hours.
(3) Cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely the dicyclopentadienyl cerium-based compound, wherein cerium element accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the compound.
(4) The ceria-based complex was mixed with naphthalene and stirred at 70 ℃ for 4 hours.
(5) Cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely the ceria-based underground hydrogen source A1, wherein naphthalene accounts for 5% of the total mass of the composition.
Example 2
This example illustrates a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based underground hydrogen source and method of making the same according to the present invention.
The underground hydrogen source prepared in the embodiment contains a compound of dicyclopentadiene tertiary butyl rare earth (wherein the rare earth element is a light rare earth element mixture) and catalytic diesel oil and naphthalene, and the preparation process is as follows:
(1) The tertiary butyl rare earth of the dicyclopentadiene (wherein the rare earth element is a light rare earth element mixture) is mixed with catalytic diesel oil, and stirred and reacted for 4 hours at 100 ℃ to obtain a mixture.
(2) The mixture was sonicated with stirring for 4 hours.
(3) Cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely the dicyclopentadiene rare earth based compound, wherein the light rare earth element accounts for 2 percent of the total mass of the compound.
(4) The rare earth-based half metallocene compound was mixed with naphthalene and stirred at 60℃for 8 hours.
(5) Cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely the rare earth-based underground hydrogen source A2 of the dicyclopentadiene, wherein naphthalene accounts for 10% of the total mass of the composition.
Example 3
This example illustrates a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based underground hydrogen source and method of making the same according to the present invention.
The underground hydrogen source prepared in this example contains a compound of cerium 2, 3-naphthalene dicarboxylate and coked diesel and naphthalene, and the preparation process is as follows:
(1) Cerium 2, 3-naphthalene dicarboxylate was mixed with coked diesel oil and reacted at 90℃for 8 hours with stirring to obtain a mixture.
(2) The above mixture was sonicated with stirring for 8 hours.
(3) And cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely the cerium naphthalate-based compound, wherein cerium element accounts for 5% of the total mass of the compound.
(4) The cerium naphthalate-based complex was mixed with naphthalene and stirred at 72 ℃ for 2 hours.
(5) And cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely cerium naphthalate-based underground hydrogen source A3, wherein naphthalene accounts for 1% of the total mass of the composition.
Example 4
This example illustrates a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based underground hydrogen source and method of making the same according to the present invention.
The underground hydrogen source prepared in this example contains a compound of 1, 5-dihydroxy-2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid rare earth (wherein the rare earth element is a mixture of light rare earth elements) and straight run gasoline, and naphthalene, and its preparation process is as follows:
(1) The 1, 5-dihydroxy-2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid rare earth (wherein the rare earth element is a light rare earth element mixture) is mixed with straight-run gasoline, and stirred and reacted for 8 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain a mixture.
(2) The above mixture was sonicated with stirring for 8 hours.
(3) Cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely the naphthalene dicarboxylic acid rare earth-based compound, wherein the light rare earth element accounts for 2% of the total mass of the compound.
(4) The rare earth naphthalate-based complex was mixed with naphthalene and stirred at 70℃for 1 hour.
(5) Cooling and filtering to obtain liquid, namely the naphthalene dicarboxylic acid rare earth-based underground hydrogen source A4, wherein naphthalene accounts for 20% of the total mass of the composition.
Example 5
This example illustrates the use of a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based subsurface hydrogen source according to the present invention as a subsurface hydrogen source.
The ceria-based underground hydrogen source A1 prepared in example 1 is injected as an underground hydrogen source into a high temperature porous medium containing illite to generate hydrogen and hydrogenation products of naphthalene, so as to realize hydrogen production and hydrogen storage, and the use method is as follows:
(1) 10g of the ceria-based underground hydrogen source A1 is injected into porous sandstone containing illite at normal temperature and pressure, so that the underground hydrogen source is fully contacted with the illite to form a hydrogen production and storage system, the mass fraction of illite in the porous sandstone is 3.2%, the porous sandstone is saturated with water in pores before being injected into the underground hydrogen source, and the diameter of the porous sandstone is 3.8cm, the length of the porous sandstone is 10cm, and the porosity of the porous sandstone is 24%.
(2) The above system containing the subsurface hydrogen source was heated to 350 c and the pressure was raised to 16MPa for 18 hours, during which time samples were taken every 3 hours.
(3) The hydrogen component in the sample gas was detected by gas chromatography, naphthalene and its hydrogenation products were detected in the sample liquid by gas chromatography, and the results are shown in table 1 below, and as can be seen from the data in table 1, this embodiment can produce hydrogen and store hydrogen.
(4) Control experiment 1: according to steps (1) - (3) of this example, the porous sandstone size was similar but the illite content was only 0.08%, and as a result, hydrogen was produced without the formation of naphthalene hydrogenation products.
(5) Control experiment 2: according to the steps (1) - (3) of this example, the heating temperature was reduced to 140 ℃, no hydrogen nor naphthalene hydrogenation products were produced within 18 hours, the temperature was further increased to 150 ℃, and after 14 hours, the hydrogen and naphthalene hydrogenation products were detected.
(6) Control experiment 3: according to steps (1) - (3) of this example, but replacing the subsurface hydrogen source with pure naphthalene, i.e., removing the rare earth based complex therefrom, no hydrogen is produced, nor is the hydrogenation product of naphthalene produced.
TABLE 1
| Reaction time (h) | Detecting hydrogen | Detection of tetrahydronaphthalene | Detection of decalin | Naphthalene detection |
| 0 | Without any means for | Without any means for | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 3 | Has the following components | Without any means for | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 6 | Has the following components | Without any means for | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 9 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 12 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 15 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components |
| 18 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components |
Example 6
This example illustrates the use of a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based subsurface hydrogen source according to the present invention as a subsurface hydrogen source.
Injecting the rare earth-based underground hydrogen source A2 prepared in the example 2 as an underground hydrogen source into a high-temperature porous medium containing illite to generate hydrogen and hydrogenation products of naphthalene so as to realize hydrogen production and hydrogen storage, wherein the using method is as follows:
(1) 10g of the rare earth-based underground hydrogen source A2 is injected into porous sandstone containing illite at normal temperature and normal pressure, the underground hydrogen source is fully contacted with the illite to form an underground hydrogen source system, the mass fraction of illite in the porous sandstone is 1.5%, the porous sandstone is saturated with water in pores before the injection of the underground hydrogen source, and the diameter of the porous sandstone is 3.8cm, the length of the porous sandstone is 10.4cm, and the porosity of the porous sandstone is 24%.
(2) The above-mentioned underground hydrogen source system was heated to 300℃and the pressure was raised to 12MPa for 48 hours, during which samples were taken at irregular intervals.
(3) The hydrogen component in the sampled gas is detected by gas chromatography, naphthalene and hydrogenation products thereof in the sampled liquid are detected by gas chromatography, and the results are shown in the following table 2, and as can be seen from the data in the table 2, the embodiment can produce hydrogen and can completely consume naphthalene to realize hydrogen storage.
(4) Control experiment 1: according to steps (1) - (3) of this example, the porous sandstone size was similar but the illite content was only 0.08%, and as a result, hydrogen was produced without the formation of naphthalene hydrogenation products.
(5) Control experiment 2: according to the steps (1) - (3) of this example, the heating temperature was reduced to 140 ℃, no hydrogen nor naphthalene hydrogenation products were produced within 18 hours, the temperature was further increased to 150 ℃, and after 14 hours, the hydrogen and naphthalene hydrogenation products were detected.
(6) Control experiment 3: according to the steps (1) - (3) of the present example, the mass fraction of naphthalene in the underground hydrogen source was increased from 10% to 50%, hydrogen and naphthalene hydrogenation products were produced at the initial stage of the reaction, and naphthalene could be detected, and after 48 hours, sampling showed no hydrogen and naphthalene, and tetralin and decalin. It follows that in the case of an excess of naphthalene, the hydrogen produced by the subsurface hydrogen source can be completely converted into a hydrogen storage product (naphthalene hydrogenation product).
(7) Control experiment 4: according to steps (1) - (3) of this example, but replacing the subsurface hydrogen source with pure naphthalene, i.e., removing the rare earth based complex therefrom, no hydrogen is produced, nor is the hydrogenation product of naphthalene produced.
TABLE 2
| Reaction time (h) | Detecting hydrogen | Detection of tetrahydronaphthalene | Detection of decalin | Naphthalene detection |
| 0 | Without any means for | Without any means for | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 1 | Has the following components | Without any means for | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 2 | Has the following components | Trace amount of | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 4 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Trace amount of | Has the following components |
| 8 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components |
| 16 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Without any means for |
| 24 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Without any means for |
| 32 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Without any means for |
| 40 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Without any means for |
| 48 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Without any means for |
Example 7
This example illustrates the use of a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based subsurface hydrogen source according to the present invention as a subsurface hydrogen source.
The cerium naphthalate-based underground hydrogen source A3 prepared in example 3 is used as an underground hydrogen source to be injected into a high-temperature porous medium containing illite to generate hydrogen and hydrogenation products of naphthalene so as to realize hydrogen production and hydrogen storage, and the using method is as follows:
(1) 10g of the cerium naphthalate-based underground hydrogen source A3 is injected into porous sandstone containing illite at normal temperature and normal pressure, the underground hydrogen source is fully contacted with the illite to form an underground hydrogen source system, the mass fraction of illite in the porous sandstone is 0.4%, the porous sandstone simultaneously contains crude oil and water in pores before the injection of the underground hydrogen source, the water content is 40%, the oil content is 60%, and the diameter of the porous sandstone is 3.8cm, the length is 10.7cm and the porosity is 26%.
(2) The above-mentioned underground hydrogen source system was heated to 200℃and the pressure was raised to 7MPa for 240 hours, during which samples were taken at irregular intervals.
(3) The hydrogen component in the sampled gas was detected by gas chromatography, and naphthalene and its hydrogenation products in the sampled liquid were detected by gas chromatography, the results are shown in Table 3 below, and it can be seen from the data in Table 3 that this embodiment can produce hydrogen at a lower temperature and can completely consume naphthalene to realize hydrogen storage.
(4) Control experiment 1: according to the steps (1) - (3) of the present example, the heating temperature was lowered to 140 ℃, no hydrogen was generated nor naphthalene was generated as a hydrogenation product within 48 hours, the temperature was further raised to 150 ℃, hydrogen generation was detected after 42 hours, and tetrahydronaphthalene generation was detected after 72 hours.
(5) Control experiment 2: according to steps (1) - (3) of this example, but replacing the subsurface hydrogen source with pure naphthalene, i.e., removing the rare earth based complex therefrom, no hydrogen is produced, nor is the hydrogenation product of naphthalene produced.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Reaction time (h) | Detecting hydrogen | Detection of tetrahydronaphthalene | Detection of decalin | Naphthalene detection |
| 0 | Without any means for | Without any means for | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 1 | Without any means for | Without any means for | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 10 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 40 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components |
| 120 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components |
| 240 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components |
Example 8
This example illustrates the use of a hydrocarbon low temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer-based subsurface hydrogen source according to the present invention as a subsurface hydrogen source.
The rare earth naphthalate-based underground hydrogen source A4 prepared in example 4 is injected into a high-temperature porous medium containing illite to generate hydrogen and hydrogenation products of naphthalene so as to realize hydrogen production and hydrogen storage, and the using method is as follows:
(1) 10g of the rare earth naphthalene dicarboxylic acid-based underground hydrogen source A4 is injected into porous sandstone containing illite at normal temperature and normal pressure, the underground hydrogen source is fully contacted with the illite to form an underground hydrogen source system, the mass fraction of illite in the porous sandstone is 0.4%, the porous sandstone simultaneously contains crude oil and water in pores before the injection of the underground hydrogen source, the water content is 40%, the oil content is 60%, and the diameter of the porous sandstone is 3.8cm, the length is 10.3cm and the porosity is 26%.
(2) The above-mentioned underground hydrogen source system was heated to 150℃and the pressure was raised to 2MPa for 12 hours, during which samples were taken at irregular intervals.
(3) The hydrogen component in the sampled gas was detected by gas chromatography, and naphthalene and its hydrogenation products in the sampled liquid were detected by gas chromatography, the results are shown in Table 4 below, and it can be seen from the data in Table 4 that this embodiment can produce hydrogen at a lower temperature and can completely consume naphthalene to realize hydrogen storage.
(4) Control experiment 1: according to the steps (1) - (3) of this example, the heating temperature was reduced to 140 ℃, no hydrogen nor naphthalene was produced as a hydrogenation product within 12 hours, the temperature was further increased to 150 ℃, and after 12 hours, the formation of hydrogen and tetrahydronaphthalene was detected.
(5) Control experiment 2: according to steps (1) - (3) of this example, but replacing the subsurface hydrogen source with pure naphthalene, i.e., removing the rare earth based complex therefrom, no hydrogen is produced, nor is the hydrogenation product of naphthalene produced.
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Reaction time (h) | Detecting hydrogen | Detection of tetrahydronaphthalene | Detection of decalin | Naphthalene detection |
| 0 | Without any means for | Without any means for | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 6 | Has the following components | Without any means for | Without any means for | Has the following components |
| 12 | Has the following components | Has the following components | Has the following components | Without any means for |
As can be seen from the above examples, the underground hydrogen sources of the ceria base, the dicyclopentadienyl base, the naphthalate base and the naphthalate base can be used as the underground hydrogen sources, and after the porous sandstone containing 0.4 to 3.2% of illite is injected, the generation of hydrogen, tetrahydronaphthalene and decalin can be detected within 12 to 240 hours under the conditions of the temperature of 150 to 350 ℃ and the pressure of 2 to 16 MPa.
And as a comparison: first, after the illite content is reduced to 0.08%, a hydrogenation product with hydrogen generation but no naphthalene is produced, indicating that the lower limit of illite content is a necessary condition; secondly, under the condition that the temperature is reduced to 140 ℃, no hydrogen is generated and no hydrogenation product of naphthalene is generated, and after the temperature is increased to 150 ℃, the generation of the hydrogenation product can be detected, so that the lower limit of the temperature is a necessary condition; thirdly, increasing the mass fraction of naphthalene in the underground hydrogen source from 10% to 50%, generating hydrogen and hydrogenation products of naphthalene in the initial stage of reaction, detecting naphthalene, sampling after 48 hours to show that no hydrogen and naphthalene exist, and generating tetrahydronaphthalene and decalin, which indicates that the hydrogen generated by the underground hydrogen source can be completely converted into hydrogen storage products under the condition of excessive naphthalene; fourth, as a blank experiment, after the rare earth-based compound in the underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer is removed, hydrogen and naphthalene hydrogenation products cannot be generated, which indicates that the rare earth-based compound plays an irreplaceable catalytic role therein.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, a number of simple variants of the technical solution of the invention are possible, including combinations of the individual technical features in any other suitable way, which simple variants and combinations should likewise be regarded as being disclosed by the invention, all falling within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
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| PCT/CN2023/125178 WO2024088128A1 (en) | 2022-10-27 | 2023-10-18 | Underground hydrogen source based on hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic hydrogen transfer, and preparation method and use method therefor |
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| GB333453A (en) * | 1928-10-13 | 1930-08-14 | Josef Varga | Improvements relating to the production of hydrocarbons from naphthalene |
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| CN114401920A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2022-04-26 | 库巴根有限公司 | Hydrogen storage material and method for producing the same |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4395324A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1983-07-26 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Thermal cracking with hydrogen donor diluent |
| GB0816432D0 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2008-10-15 | Iris Forskningsinvest As | Process |
| CN106542955A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of catalytic hydrogenation method with naphthalene as hydrogen storing agent |
| CN109401781B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2021-09-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of naphtha and light hydrocarbon upgrading method |
| CN109401785B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2021-09-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of naphtha upgrading method |
| CN107626344B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2020-05-12 | 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of catalyst, preparation and application of industrial naphthalene hydrogenation to produce tetralin and decalin |
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| GB333453A (en) * | 1928-10-13 | 1930-08-14 | Josef Varga | Improvements relating to the production of hydrocarbons from naphthalene |
| JP2004002089A (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2004-01-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | Hydrogen gas generator |
| JP2005185873A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-14 | Sony Corp | Purification method of soil containing hazardous substances |
| CN101559923A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2009-10-21 | 华东理工大学 | Catalyst for intermittent preparation of pure hydrogen using decahydronaphthalene as material and method thereof |
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