CN117970250A - Improved sum-difference dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO - Google Patents
Improved sum-difference dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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- G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
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Abstract
The invention provides an improved and difference dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO, which comprises the following steps: s1, a forward looking FDA-MIMO radar is provided with M transmitting array elements and N receiving array elements, K pulses are transmitted, a transmitting-receiving-Doppler domain guide vector a (r l,p,ψl,p,q,βl,p,q) is obtained, and clutter data x c of N p distance fuzzy areas of the FDA-MIMO radar are obtained; s2, a secondary distance dependent compensation vector h (r l) and a Doppler shift compensation vectorThen, compensated clutter data is obtainedS3, selecting a sum wave beam, a difference wave beam and a protection channel in a transmitting and receiving domain by constructing a dimension-reducing matrix T ΣΔ; compared with the problem that the performance of the traditional sum-difference self-adaptive processing method is reduced under the condition of distance ambiguity, the algorithm provided by the invention is used for FDA-MIMO radar, the interference of the fuzzy echo in a non-detection area can be effectively restrained through the pre-filtering operation, the suppression of the fuzzy clutter is facilitated, meanwhile, a protection channel is added in the receiving and transmitting two dimensions, the clutter suppression capability is improved under the condition of ensuring proper operation quantity, and the clutter detection is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar signal processing, in particular to an improved and difference dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO.
Background
The existing dimension reduction processing method based on the sum and difference beams selects two beams of a space domain to be detected in a transmitting-receiving two-dimensional space, and simultaneously selects a plurality of auxiliary channels in a Doppler domain, so that dimension reduction processing is realized on received data, and finally, three-dimensional self-adaptive processing is carried out on the dimension reduced data, clutter suppression is realized, and meanwhile, the number of required samples is reduced.
The technology ignores the influence of the range-blurred clutter, doppler channel selection is relatively fixed, channel correlation is poor, performance loss is easy to cause, the existing method for reducing the dimension of the differential beam only considers two beams of a to-be-detected airspace when the airspace channel is selected, one or three Doppler channels are selected, at the moment, the airspace degree of freedom is lower, the beams are selected to be fixed, and in the dimension-reduced space-time processing, a deep notch which is suitable for the clutter is difficult to form, so that clutter suppression is insufficient.
Then, the existing dimension reduction three-dimensional self-adaptive method cannot effectively improve the influence of the distance fuzzy clutter, and further the problems that a filter notch is wide, the blind speed is high and a low-speed target is difficult to detect under the distance fuzzy background are caused.
Under the condition of the distance ambiguity, the data difference of each distance gate is increased due to the aliasing of the fuzzy echo, and the independent identical distribution condition is not satisfied any more, so that the existing space-time processing method has larger performance degradation.
Meanwhile, in order to achieve a better clutter suppression effect, three-dimensional self-adaptive processing of transmitting-receiving-Doppler is adopted, the operation operand is huge, engineering realization is not facilitated, and therefore, an improved and difference dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide an improved FDA-MIMO-based and poorly-reduced dimension clutter suppression method, which solves or mitigates the technical problems of the prior art, and at least provides a beneficial option.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is realized as follows: an improved and difference dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO comprises the following steps:
s1, a forward looking FDA-MIMO radar is provided with M transmitting array elements and N receiving array elements, K pulses are transmitted, a transmitting-receiving-Doppler domain guide vector a (r l,p,ψl,p,q,βl,p,q) is obtained, and clutter data x c of N p distance fuzzy areas of the FDA-MIMO radar are obtained;
S2, a secondary distance dependent compensation vector h (r l) and a Doppler shift compensation vector Then, compensated clutter data/>, is obtained
S3, selecting a sum wave beam, a difference wave beam and a protection channel in a transmitting and receiving domain by constructing a dimension reduction matrix T ΣΔ, and simultaneously selecting a plurality of auxiliary channels in a Doppler domain to carry out dimension reduction processing;
s4, constructing covariance matrixes of other fuzzy areas except the p 0 fuzzy areas Pre-filtering signal components belonging to other fuzzy distances in a transmitting-receiving domain;
s5, constructing a target transmitting-receiving-Doppler three-dimensional guiding vector to be detected after dimension reduction processing And obtaining a weight vector w ΣΔ by adopting a linear constraint minimum variance criterion, and performing clutter suppression processing.
In some embodiments, in the step S1, the radar deploys M transmitting array elements and N receiving array elements, and transmits K pulses in a coherent processing interval, the carrier platform flies along the X axis at a speed v p, and a clutter scattering unit is located on the first range gate of the p-th range ambiguity region, and has an azimuth angle θ q and a pitch angleThe included angle between the position vector of the clutter scattering unit and the motion direction of the airborne platform is beta l,p,q, the cone angle between the position vector of the clutter scattering unit and the array antenna direction is phi l,p,q, and q is the index number of the clutter scattering unit corresponding to different azimuth angles in a range gate;
first, the transmit-receive-doppler domain steering vector a (r l,p,ψl,p,q,βl,p,q) can be expressed as:
Wherein, Denoted Kronecker product, s T(fT(rl,p,ψl,p,q)) as a transmit domain steering vector, s R(fR(ψl,p,q) as a receive domain steering vector, s D(fD(ψl,p,q)) as a doppler domain steering vector, f T(rl,p,ψl,p,q)＝-2Δfrl,p/c+dtcos(ψl,p,q)/λ1 as a transmit total spatial frequency, c as a speed of light, Δf as a frequency increment between adjacent transmit array elements of the FDA-MIMO radar, λ 1 as a carrier wavelength of a reference unit, d t as a transmit array element spacing, r l,p as an oblique distance of clutter scattering points of a first distance ring of a p-th distance ambiguity region, f R(ψl,p,q)＝drcos(ψl,p,q)/λ1 as a receive spatial frequency, d r as a receive array element spacing, f D(βl,p,q)＝2vpTcos(βl,p,q)/λ1 as a normalized doppler frequency, and T as a pulse repetition time.
Clutter echo data x l for the first range loop can be expressed as:
where ζ l,p,q represents the reflection coefficient of the corresponding clutter scattering point.
In some embodiments, in the S2, a secondary distance dependent compensation vector h (r l) is constructed:
Wherein r l is the slant distance of the first distance unit of the first distance blur area, and1 N and1 K are all column vectors of 1;
Data vector after secondary distance dependence compensation
Wherein diag (·) represents the matrix diagonal elements;
Assuming that the selected target to be detected is in a p 0 th distance fuzzy area, the azimuth angle is theta 0, and the detection unit and the unit to be compensated are an r distance unit and a l distance unit respectively, and a Doppler frequency shift compensation matrix is constructed:
Wherein, For the purpose of detecting the doppler frequency of the cell,The Doppler frequency of the unit to be compensated;
Data vector compensated by Doppler frequency shift
In some embodiments, in the S3, the total dimension-reduction transformation matrix T ΣΔ of the improved sum-difference beam method is expressed as:
The dimension reduction transformation matrix T TR is pre-filtered:
In some embodiments, assume azimuth and pitch angles of θ 0 and θ, respectively Is located on the first 0 range gate of the p 0 th fuzzy region, with a radial velocity v 0;
the sum beam, the difference beam and the protection channel are selected in the transmitting space and the receiving space respectively, and a dimension-reducing matrix T TR of the transmitting-receiving domain is constructed as follows:
Wherein, And s R(fR(ψ1)) represents a transmitting steering vector and a receiving steering vector corresponding to the selected protection channel;
Q D adjacent Doppler channels at the target to be detected are selected in the time domain, and a Doppler domain transformation matrix T D is constructed as follows:
In some embodiments, in the S4, a covariance matrix of other blurred regions except the p 0 blurred region is constructed Expressed as:
Where N l denotes the number of samples, Representing the secondary distance dependent compensated transmit frequency.
In some embodiments, in said S5, a target three-dimensional steering vectorThe method comprises the following steps:
Wherein,
The weight vector w is obtained by adopting a linear constraint minimum variance criterion, and can be expressed as the following optimization problem:
Wherein, R represents a covariance matrix of clutter plus noise, and is generally estimated by adjacent distance units;
the weight vector w ΣΔ after the dimension reduction process is as follows:
by adopting the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
1. Compared with the problem that the performance of the traditional sum-difference self-adaptive processing method is reduced under the condition of distance ambiguity, the algorithm provided by the invention is used for FDA-MIMO radar, the interference of the fuzzy echo in a non-detection area can be effectively restrained through the pre-filtering operation, the suppression of the fuzzy clutter is facilitated, meanwhile, a protection channel is added in the receiving and transmitting two dimensions, the clutter suppression capability is improved under the condition of ensuring proper operation quantity, and the clutter detection is facilitated.
2. The invention is used for FDA-MIMO system radar, can separate fuzzy clutter in different distances, improves sample characteristics, reduces the number of required samples, effectively suppresses clutter, and improves target detection performance.
The foregoing summary is for the purpose of the specification only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are necessary for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a graph of output signal-to-noise ratio loss.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be recognized by those of skill in the pertinent art, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," "symmetric," "array," and the like are used merely for distinguishing between description and location descriptions, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "first," "symmetry," or the like, may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature; also, where certain features are not limited in number by words such as "two," "three," etc., it should be noted that the feature likewise pertains to the explicit or implicit inclusion of one or more feature quantities;
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly; for example, the connection can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integrated molding; the connection may be mechanical, direct, welded, indirect via an intermediate medium, internal communication between two elements, or interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms described above in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art from the specification and drawings in combination with specific cases.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides an improved and difference dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO, which comprises the following steps:
s1, a forward looking FDA-MIMO radar is provided with M transmitting array elements and N receiving array elements, K pulses are transmitted, a transmitting-receiving-Doppler domain guide vector a (r l,p,ψl,p,q,βl,p,q) is obtained, and clutter data x c of N p distance fuzzy areas of the FDA-MIMO radar are obtained;
S2, a secondary distance dependent compensation vector h (r l) and a Doppler shift compensation vector Then, compensated clutter data/>, is obtained
S3, selecting a sum wave beam, a difference wave beam and a protection channel in a transmitting and receiving domain by constructing a dimension reduction matrix T ΣΔ, and simultaneously selecting a plurality of auxiliary channels in a Doppler domain to carry out dimension reduction processing;
s4, constructing covariance matrixes of other fuzzy areas except the p 0 fuzzy areas Pre-filtering signal components belonging to other fuzzy distances in a transmitting-receiving domain;
s5, constructing a target transmitting-receiving-Doppler three-dimensional guiding vector to be detected after dimension reduction processing And obtaining a weight vector w ΣΔ by adopting a linear constraint minimum variance criterion, and performing clutter suppression processing.
In this embodiment, specifically, in S1, the radar deploys M transmitting array elements and N receiving array elements, transmits K pulses in a coherent processing interval, and the carrier platform flies along the X axis at a speed v p, and a clutter scattering unit is located on the first range gate of the p-th range ambiguity region, and has an azimuth angle θ q and a pitch angleThe included angle between the position vector of the clutter scattering unit and the motion direction of the airborne platform is beta l,p,q, the cone angle between the position vector of the clutter scattering unit and the array antenna direction is phi l,p,q, and q is the index number of the clutter scattering unit corresponding to different azimuth angles in a range gate;
first, the transmit-receive-doppler domain steering vector a (r l,p,ψl,p,q,βl,p,q) can be expressed as:
Wherein, Denoted Kronecker product, s T(fT(rl,p,ψl,p,q)) as a transmit domain steering vector, s R(fR(ψl,p,q) as a receive domain steering vector, s D(fD(ψl,p,q)) as a doppler domain steering vector, f T(rl,p,ψl,p,q)＝-2Δfrl,p/c+dtcos(ψl,p,q)/λ1 as a transmit total spatial frequency, c as a speed of light, Δf as a frequency increment between adjacent transmit array elements of the FDA-MIMO radar, λ 1 as a carrier wavelength of a reference unit, d t as a transmit array element spacing, r l,p as an oblique distance of clutter scattering points of a first distance ring of a p-th distance ambiguity region, f R(ψl,p,q)＝drcos(ψl,p,q)/λ1 as a receive spatial frequency, d r as a receive array element spacing, f D(βl,p,q)＝2vpTcos(βl,p,q)/λ1 as a normalized doppler frequency, and T as a pulse repetition time.
Clutter echo data x l for the first range loop can be expressed as:
where ζ l,p,q represents the reflection coefficient of the corresponding clutter scattering point.
In this embodiment, specifically, in S2, a secondary distance dependent compensation vector h (r l) is constructed:
Wherein r l is the slant distance of the first distance unit of the first distance blur area, and1 N and1 K are all column vectors of 1;
Data vector after secondary distance dependence compensation
Wherein diag (·) represents the matrix diagonal elements;
Assuming that the selected target to be detected is in a p 0 th distance fuzzy area, the azimuth angle is theta 0, and the detection unit and the unit to be compensated are an r distance unit and a l distance unit respectively, and a Doppler frequency shift compensation matrix is constructed:
Wherein, For the purpose of detecting the doppler frequency of the cell,The Doppler frequency of the unit to be compensated;
Data vector compensated by Doppler frequency shift
In this embodiment, specifically, in S3, the total dimension-reduction transformation matrix T ΣΔ of the modified sum-difference beam method is expressed as:
The dimension reduction transformation matrix T TR is pre-filtered:
In the embodiment, specifically, it is assumed that the azimuth angle and the pitch angle are respectively θ 0 and Is located on the first 0 range gate of the p 0 th fuzzy region, with a radial velocity v 0;
the sum beam, the difference beam and the protection channel are selected in the transmitting space and the receiving space respectively, and a dimension-reducing matrix T TR of the transmitting-receiving domain is constructed as follows:
Wherein, And s R(fR(ψ1)) represents a transmitting steering vector and a receiving steering vector corresponding to the selected protection channel;
Q D adjacent Doppler channels at the target to be detected are selected in the time domain, and a Doppler domain transformation matrix T D is constructed as follows:
in the present embodiment, specifically, in S4, a covariance matrix of other blurred regions except the p 0 blurred region is constructed Expressed as:
Where N l denotes the number of samples, Representing the secondary distance dependent compensated transmit frequency.
In this embodiment, specifically, in S5, the target three-dimensional guiding vectorThe method comprises the following steps:
Wherein,
The weight vector w is obtained by adopting a linear constraint minimum variance criterion, and can be expressed as the following optimization problem:
Wherein, R represents a covariance matrix of clutter plus noise, and is generally estimated by adjacent distance units;
the weight vector w ΣΔ after the dimension reduction process is as follows:
In this embodiment, specifically, equidistant linear arrays are used for transmission and reception in the simulation experiment, the number of array elements is 6, the array element distance is half wavelength, the number of coherent processing pulses is 8, the carrier frequency of the first transmission array element is 1GHz, the frequency increment between array elements is 3KHz, 100 distance units are selected, the pulse repetition frequency is 10KHz, the distance ambiguity is 3, the platform speed is 3540m/s, the beam direction is 90 °, and the target slant distance is 10km.
Under the above simulation parameters, the output signal-to-noise ratio loss of the conventional sum-difference beam method and the improved sum-difference beam method proposed by the present invention is simulated, as shown in fig. 2.
The improved sum and difference beam method has obviously narrower signal-to-noise ratio loss curve notch than the traditional sum and difference STAP method, and has better performance than the traditional sum and difference beam method, effectively reduces the influence of distance-blurred clutter, reduces the processing complexity, and is easy to process in real time.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that various changes and substitutions are possible within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An improved and difference dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, a forward looking FDA-MIMO radar is provided with M transmitting array elements and N receiving array elements, K pulses are transmitted, a transmitting-receiving-Doppler domain guide vector a (r l,p,ψl,p,q,βl,p,q) is obtained, and clutter data x c of N p distance fuzzy areas of the FDA-MIMO radar are obtained;
S2, a secondary distance dependent compensation vector h (r l) and a Doppler shift compensation vector Then, compensated clutter data/>, is obtained
S3, selecting a sum wave beam, a difference wave beam and a protection channel in a transmitting and receiving domain by constructing a dimension reduction matrix T ΣΔ, and simultaneously selecting a plurality of auxiliary channels in a Doppler domain to carry out dimension reduction processing;
s4, constructing covariance matrixes of other fuzzy areas except the p 0 fuzzy areas Pre-filtering signal components belonging to other fuzzy distances in a transmitting-receiving domain;
S5, constructing a target transmitting-receiving-Doppler three-dimensional guiding vector to be detected after dimension reduction processing And obtaining a weight vector w ΣΔ by adopting a linear constraint minimum variance criterion, and performing clutter suppression processing.
2. The improved and differential dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO according to claim 1, wherein: in the S1, M transmitting array elements and N receiving array elements are deployed in the radar, K pulses are transmitted in a coherent processing interval, a carrier platform flies along an X axis at a speed v p, a clutter scattering unit is arranged on a first distance gate of a p-th distance ambiguity region, the azimuth angle is theta q, and the pitch angle isThe included angle between the position vector of the clutter scattering unit and the motion direction of the airborne platform is beta l,p,q, the cone angle between the position vector of the clutter scattering unit and the array antenna direction is phi l,p,q, and q is the index number of the clutter scattering unit corresponding to different azimuth angles in a range gate;
first, the transmit-receive-doppler domain steering vector a (r l,p,ψl,p,q,βl,p,q) can be expressed as:
Wherein, Representing Kronecker product, s T(fT(rl,p,ψl,p,q)) as a transmitting domain steering vector, s R(fR(ψl,p,q) as a receiving domain steering vector, s D(fD(ψl,p,q)) as a doppler domain steering vector, f T(rl,p,ψl,p,q)＝-2Δfrl,p/c+dtcos(ψl,p,q)/λ1 as a transmitting total spatial frequency, c as a light velocity, Δf as a frequency increment between adjacent transmitting array elements of the FDA-MIMO radar, λ 1 as a carrier wavelength of a reference unit, d t as a transmitting array element interval, r l,p as an oblique distance of clutter scattering points of a first distance ring of a p-th distance ambiguity region, f R(ψl,p,q)＝drcos(ψl,p,q)/λ1 as a receiving spatial frequency, d r as a receiving array element interval, f D(βl,p,q)＝2vpTcos(βl,p,q)/λ1 as a normalized doppler frequency, and T as pulse repetition time;
Clutter echo data x l for the first range loop can be expressed as:
where ζ l,p,q represents the reflection coefficient of the corresponding clutter scattering point.
3. The improved and differential dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO according to claim 1, wherein: in S2, a secondary distance dependent compensation vector h (r l) is constructed:
Wherein r l is the slant distance of the first distance unit of the first distance blur area, and1 N and1 K are all column vectors of 1;
Data vector after secondary distance dependence compensation
Wherein diag (·) represents the matrix diagonal elements;
Assuming that the selected target to be detected is in a p 0 th distance fuzzy area, the azimuth angle is theta 0, and the detection unit and the unit to be compensated are an r distance unit and a l distance unit respectively, and a Doppler frequency shift compensation matrix is constructed:
Wherein, For the Doppler frequency of the detection unit,/>The Doppler frequency of the unit to be compensated;
Data vector compensated by Doppler frequency shift
4. The improved and differential dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the total dimension-reduction transformation matrix T ΣΔ of the improved sum-difference beam method is expressed as:
The dimension reduction transformation matrix T TR is pre-filtered:
5. The improved and differential dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO according to claim 4, wherein: assume that the azimuth angle and the pitch angle are respectively theta 0 and Is located on the first 0 range gate of the p 0 th fuzzy region, with a radial velocity v 0;
The sum beam, the difference beam and the protection channel are selected in the transmitting space and the receiving space respectively, and a dimension-reducing matrix T TR of the transmitting-receiving domain is constructed as follows:
Wherein, And s R(fR(ψ1)) represents a transmitting steering vector and a receiving steering vector corresponding to the selected protection channel;
Q D adjacent Doppler channels at the target to be detected are selected in the time domain, and a Doppler domain transformation matrix T D is constructed as follows:
TD＝[sD(fD(β0,v0)),sD(fD(β0,v1)),...,sD(fD(β0,vQD-1))].
6. The improved and differential dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO according to claim 1, wherein: in S4, the covariance matrix R -p0 of the other blur areas except the p 0 blur area is constructed as follows:
Where N l denotes the number of samples, Representing the secondary distance dependent compensated transmit frequency.
7. The improved and differential dimension reduction clutter suppression method based on FDA-MIMO according to claim 1, wherein: in the S5, a target three-dimensional steering vectorThe method comprises the following steps:
Wherein,
The weight vector w is obtained by adopting a linear constraint minimum variance criterion, and can be expressed as the following optimization problem:
Wherein, R represents a covariance matrix of clutter plus noise, and is generally estimated by adjacent distance units;
the weight vector w ΣΔ after the dimension reduction process is as follows:
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