CN117967725A

CN117967725A - Brake drum mechanism with anti-lock function

Info

Publication number: CN117967725A
Application number: CN202410389911.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤以山; 涂树平; 唐粉珍; 杨波涛
Original assignee: Taizhou Tianyu Traffic Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Taizhou Tianyu Traffic Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-04-02
Filing date: 2024-04-02
Publication date: 2024-05-03
Anticipated expiration: 2044-04-02
Also published as: CN117967725B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of brakes, in particular to a brake mechanism of a brake drum with an anti-lock function, which comprises a brake drum and a bottom plate, wherein a pair of brake shoes are rotationally connected on the bottom plate, a tension spring is fixedly connected between the two brake shoes, and a wear pad in friction fit with the brake drum is fixedly connected on the brake shoes; the anti-lock mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate and comprises an oil cylinder, the oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, two ends of the oil cylinder are symmetrically connected with a pair of piston rods, one end of each piston rod is fixedly connected with a bracket, a sliding block capable of horizontally moving is connected to the bracket, a push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block, the push rod is contacted with the brake shoe, and a lifting block matched with the sliding block is connected to the bracket; when the wheel is rapidly reduced to zero from a high-speed rotation state, the anti-lock mechanism can release partial pressure on the brake shoes, so that friction force between the wear pad and the brake drum is reduced, the wheel rotates again, and the problem of locking of the wheel is solved.

Description

Brake drum mechanism with anti-lock function

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of brakes, in particular to a brake drum mechanism with an anti-lock function.

Background

Electric vehicles are receiving more and more attention as one of the main vehicles for short trips; the brake system in the prior art has a plurality of defects: with the increase of the service time of the electric vehicle, the brake system of the electric vehicle can be aged and failed quickly, and traffic accidents are easy to cause; because of the long-term abrasion of the brake pad, sharp and harsher sounds are also frequently generated during braking; most importantly, the newly-installed brake system is too sensitive, the wheels can be locked when the brake is too urgent, the human body can easily tilt forwards, and great potential safety hazards exist.

The traditional anti-lock braking system continuously adjusts the oil pressure of a braking cylinder through an ABS control chip to realize periodic braking, and the ABS control system is generally arranged on an automobile and is relatively low in price for an electric vehicle; the ABS braking system has complex structure and high price, cannot be widely popularized and used, and has no anti-lock function for brakes of pure mechanical structure without a control system.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a brake drum mechanism with an anti-lock function, which aims to solve the problems in the background art by installing an anti-lock mechanism on a bottom plate and realizing the anti-lock function on wheels through a mechanical mechanism.

In order to achieve the technical aim, the invention provides a brake mechanism of a brake drum with an anti-lock function, which comprises a brake drum and a bottom plate, wherein a pair of brake shoes are rotationally connected on the bottom plate, tension springs are fixedly connected between the two brake shoes, and wear pads which are in friction fit with the brake drum are fixedly connected on the brake shoes; the anti-lock mechanism comprises an oil cylinder, the oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and two ends of the oil cylinder are symmetrically connected with a pair of piston rods for pushing the two brake shoes to rotate; one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with a bracket, a sliding block capable of horizontally moving is connected to the bracket, a push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block, the push rod is in contact with the brake shoe, and a lifting block matched with the sliding block is connected to the bracket; the anti-lock mechanism further comprises a lifting frame which is horizontally arranged and used for driving the lifting block to lift, and the lower end of the lifting block is in sliding connection with the lifting frame.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a fixing frame, the fixing frame is connected with a lifting seat in a sliding way, a guide rod which is connected with the fixing frame in a sliding way is fixedly connected with the lifting seat, and the lifting frame is fixedly connected with the lifting seat.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the lifting block can drive the sliding block to horizontally move when lifting, and the contact surfaces of the lifting block and the sliding block are provided with mutually matched inclined surfaces.

As an optimal technical scheme of the invention, the lifting block is fixedly connected with a movable rod, the movable rod is movably connected with the bracket, and the surface of the movable rod is connected with a cylindrical spring.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a turntable which rotates together with the brake drum is fixedly connected in the brake drum, a plurality of movable arc-shaped track plates are connected to the periphery of the turntable, the track plates jointly enclose a circular structure, and the track plates are used for driving the lifting frame to lift.

As an optimized technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of rotating rods which are in one-to-one correspondence with the track plates are rotationally connected on the turntable, a plurality of sliding rods which are in one-to-one correspondence with the track plates are fixedly connected on the periphery of the turntable, movable blocks are connected on the sliding rods in a sliding manner, and connecting rods are connected between the rotating rods and the movable blocks.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a wind shield, and the rotating rod is driven to rotate to one side by the wind shield when the turntable rotates at high speed, so that the track plate is driven to move to the periphery.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the lifting seat is fixedly connected with rollers rolling along the surfaces of the track plates, and one ends of the adjacent two track plates, which are contacted, are respectively provided with a groove part which is mutually staggered and matched.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the upper end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with a stop block, and a compression spring is connected between the stop block and the movable block.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. according to the invention, the anti-lock mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate, when the wheel is rapidly reduced to zero from a high-speed rotation state, the anti-lock mechanism can release partial pressure on the brake shoe, so that the friction force between the wear pad and the brake drum is reduced, the wheel is rotated again, and the phenomenon of locking the wheel is avoided.

2. According to the invention, a rotary table which rotates together with the rotary table is arranged on the brake drum, an arc-shaped track plate and a rotary rod are arranged on the rotary table, a wind shield is connected to the rotary rod, and when a wheel rotates at a high speed, the rotary rod is driven to rotate under the action of the wind shield to drive the track plate to automatically move outwards; when the rotation speed of the wheel is reduced, the track plate moves inwards under the elasticity of the compression spring, so that the aim of automatically controlling the pressure of the brake shoe is fulfilled.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake drum mechanism with an anti-lock function according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is another angular schematic view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a turntable according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is another angular schematic view of the turntable according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a base plate according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic front view of a base plate according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-lock mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is another angular schematic view of the anti-lock mechanism according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a brake drum; 2. a bottom plate; 3. a turntable; 31. a rotating lever; 32. a wind deflector; 33. a connecting rod; 34. a movable block; 35. a track plate; 351. a groove portion; 36. a slide bar; 37. a stop block; 38. a compression spring; 4. an anti-lock mechanism; 41. an oil cylinder; 42. a piston rod; 43. a bracket; 44. a slide block; 45. a push rod; 46. a lifting block; 461. a movable rod; 462. a cylindrical spring; 47. a lifting seat; 48. a roller; 49. a lifting frame; 410. a fixing frame; 411. a guide rod; 5. a brake shoe; 51. wear-resistant plate; 6. and a tension spring.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

Examples: the embodiment discloses a brake drum mechanism with an anti-lock function, as shown in fig. 1-7, the brake drum mechanism comprises a brake drum 1 and a bottom plate 2, wherein the brake drum 1 and wheels rotate together, the bottom plate 2 is fixedly arranged on a frame and is in a motionless state, a pair of brake shoes 5 are rotationally connected on the bottom plate 2, tension springs 6 are fixedly connected between the two brake shoes 5, wear pads 51 which are in friction fit with the brake drum 1 are fixedly connected on the brake shoes 5, and the effect of decelerating and braking the wheels is achieved through friction between the two brake shoes 5 and the brake drum 1; and the anti-lock mechanism 4 is arranged on the bottom plate 2, and the anti-lock mechanism 4 is used for preventing the phenomenon that the vehicle is locked due to emergency braking of the vehicle, thereby protecting the vehicle.

As shown in fig. 3-4, a turntable 3 which rotates together with the brake drum 1 is fixedly connected in the brake drum 1, when the brake drum 1 rotates, the periphery of the turntable 3 is connected with a plurality of movable arc-shaped track plates 35, and the track plates 35 jointly enclose a circular structure; the rotary table 3 is rotationally connected with a plurality of rotary rods 31 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the track plates 35, one end of each rotary rod 31 is rotationally connected with the rotary table 3, a plurality of sliding rods 36 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the track plates 35 are fixedly connected to the periphery of the rotary table 3, movable blocks 34 are slidingly connected to the sliding rods 36, stop blocks 37 are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the sliding rods 36, compression springs 38 are connected between the stop blocks 37 and the movable blocks 34, and the compression springs 38 apply elasticity to the movable blocks 34; a connecting rod 33 is connected between the rotating rod 31 and the movable block 34; the rotating rod 31 is fixedly connected with a wind shield 32; the specific implementation method comprises the following steps: when the wheel rotates at high speed, the turntable 3 is driven to rotate at high speed, and when the wind shield 32 receives wind force and the wind force is larger than the elastic force of the compression spring 38, the rotating rod 31 is driven to rotate to one side, the rotating rod 31 drives the movable block 34 to move outwards along the sliding rod 36, and the track plate 35 is driven to move outwards, so that the diameter of a circle surrounded by the track plate 35 is increased, and the larger the wheel speed is, the larger the distance of the track plate 35 to move outwards is; when the wheel speed is zero, the movable block 34 resumes the home position under the elastic force of the compression spring 38 so that the track plate 35 moves to the innermost position where the diameter of the circle enclosed by the track plate 35 is minimum, and the adjacent track plates 35 are in contact with each other at their ends.

As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the anti-lock mechanism 4 comprises an oil cylinder 41, wherein the oil cylinder 41 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 2, and two ends of the oil cylinder 41 are symmetrically connected with a pair of piston rods 42 for pushing the two brake shoes 5 to rotate; the piston rod 42 is fixedly connected with the bracket 43 at one end, the bracket 43 is of an L-shaped structure, the bracket 43 is connected with the sliding block 44 capable of horizontally moving, the sliding block 44 is in sliding connection with the bracket 43 and cannot be separated, the sliding block 44 is fixedly connected with the push rod 45, the push rod 45 is in contact with the brake shoe 5, the bracket 43 is connected with the lifting block 46 matched with the sliding block 44, inclined planes which are mutually matched are arranged on the contact surfaces of the lifting block 46 and the sliding block 44, the sliding block 44 can be driven to horizontally move when the lifting block 46 ascends, the sliding block 44 is driven to move towards the direction close to the brake shoe 5, the lifting block 46 is fixedly connected with the movable rod 461, the movable rod 461 is movably connected with the bracket 43, the surface of the movable rod 461 is connected with the cylindrical spring 462, the cylindrical spring 462 is connected between the lifting block 46 and the bracket 43, and the cylindrical spring 462 exerts downward force on the lifting block 46; the anti-lock mechanism 4 further comprises a lifting frame 49 which is horizontally arranged and is used for driving the lifting block 46 to lift, and the lower end of the lifting block 46 is in sliding connection with the lifting frame 49; the bottom plate 2 is fixedly connected with a fixing frame 410, the fixing frame 410 is connected with a lifting seat 47 in a sliding manner, and a guide rod 411 which is connected with the fixing frame 410 in a sliding manner is fixedly connected with the lifting seat 47, so that the lifting frame 49 is stable in position when lifting, and the lifting frame 49 is fixedly connected with the lifting seat 47; the specific implementation method comprises the following steps: by stepping on the brake to push hydraulic oil, piston rods 42 on two sides of the oil cylinder 41 are driven to extend to two sides, so that the push rods 45 are in contact with the brake shoes 5, the brake shoes 5 are driven to be in contact with the inner wall of the brake drum 1, a braking effect is achieved, when the wheels rotate at high speed, the lifting frame 49 is driven to be in a lifting state, the lifting frame 49 drives the lifting blocks 46 to lift, when the lifting blocks 46 lift, the cylindrical springs 462 are stressed to compress, and the sliding blocks 44 are driven to move towards the direction close to the brake shoes 5, acting force on the brake shoes 5 is increased, and friction between the brake shoes 5 and the brake drum 1 is increased.

Preferably, the lifting seat 47 is fixedly connected with the roller 48 rolling along the surface of the track plate 35, when the turntable 3 rotates at a high speed, the roller 48 rolls on the surface of the track plate 35, friction force between the lifting frame 49 and the track plate 35 is reduced, and one ends of two adjacent track plates 35 contacting each other are provided with mutually staggered and matched groove parts 351, when the track plates 35 move to the periphery, the two adjacent track plates 35 are still in a contact state through the arrangement of the groove parts 351, and the problem that the roller 48 is separated from the track plate 35 due to overlarge gaps when the roller 48 moves between the two track plates 35 is avoided.

Working principle: when the wheels rotate at a high speed, the turntable 3 rotates at a high speed, because the wind shield 32 is under the action of wind force, when the wind force is larger than the elastic force of the compression spring 38, the rotating rod 31 is driven to rotate to one side, the rotating rod 31 drives the movable block 34 to move outwards along the sliding rod 36, the track plate 35 is driven to move outwards, the diameter of the circle surrounded by the track plate 35 is increased, the track plate 35 drives the lifting frame 49 to lift through the extrusion roller 48, the lifting frame 49 drives the lifting block 46 to lift when the lifting frame 49 lifts, the sliding block 44 is driven to approach to the direction close to the brake shoe 5 when the lifting block 46 lifts, and the push rod 45 is not contacted with the brake shoe 5 when the brake is not stepped on; when the vehicle suddenly brakes, the piston rods 42 on two sides of the oil cylinder 41 extend outwards to drive the push rods to contact with the brake shoes 5 to push the brake shoes 5 to contact with the inner wall of the brake drum 1, when the wheels are locked, the wheel rotating speed is almost zero, at the moment, the rotating speed of the turntable 3 is reduced to zero, at the moment, the track plate 35 is restored to the restoration position under the elasticity of the compression springs 38, the track plate 35 moves to the innermost position, the rollers 48 lack the limit of the track plate 35, the lifting frames 49 and the lifting blocks 46 are reduced under the elasticity of the cylindrical springs 462, the pressure of the sliding blocks 44 is reduced under the pressure of the lifting blocks 46, the pressure of the push rods 45 on the brake shoes 5 is further reduced, the pressure between the brake shoes 5 and the inner wall of the brake drum 1 is reduced, the friction force on the brake drum 1 is reduced, the wheels are switched from the locking state to the rotating state, at the moment, the track plate 35 is moved outwards again, the lifting frames 49 are driven to be lifted again, the pushing force of the push rods 45 on the brake shoes 5 is increased again, the braking is realized again, in the whole process, the anti-lock mechanism can realize the action of point locking, the wheel locking is stopped, the brake is stopped again, the brake shoes 5 is separated from the brake shoes 5, and the brake shoes 5 are reset, and the brake shoes 5 are separated from the brake shoes 5, and the brake shoes 5 are separated.

Finally, it should be noted that: in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The brake drum mechanism with the anti-lock function comprises a brake drum (1) and a bottom plate (2), and is characterized in that,

A pair of brake shoes (5) are rotationally connected to the bottom plate (2), tension springs (6) are fixedly connected between the two brake shoes (5), and wear pads (51) in friction fit with the brake drum (1) are fixedly connected to the brake shoes (5);

An anti-lock mechanism (4) is arranged on the bottom plate (2), the anti-lock mechanism (4) comprises an oil cylinder (41), the oil cylinder (41) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (2), and two ends of the oil cylinder (41) are symmetrically connected with a pair of piston rods (42) for pushing two brake shoes (5) to rotate;

One end of the piston rod (42) is fixedly connected with a bracket (43), the bracket (43) is connected with a sliding block (44) capable of horizontally moving, the sliding block (44) is fixedly connected with a push rod (45), the push rod (45) is contacted with the brake shoe (5), and the bracket (43) is connected with a lifting block (46) matched with the sliding block (44);

The anti-lock mechanism (4) further comprises a lifting frame (49) which is horizontally arranged and used for driving the lifting block (46) to lift, and the lower end of the lifting block (46) is in sliding connection with the lifting frame (49).

2. A brake drum mechanism with anti-lock function according to claim 1, wherein the bottom plate (2) is fixedly connected with a fixing frame (410), the fixing frame (410) is slidably connected with a lifting seat (47), a guide rod (411) slidably connected with the fixing frame (410) is fixedly connected with the lifting seat (47), and the lifting frame (49) is fixedly connected with the lifting seat (47).

3. A brake drum brake mechanism with anti-lock function according to claim 2, wherein the lifting block (46) can drive the sliding block (44) to move horizontally when lifting, and the contact surfaces of the lifting block (46) and the sliding block (44) are provided with mutually matched inclined surfaces.

4. A brake drum brake mechanism with anti-lock function according to claim 3, characterized in that a movable rod (461) is fixedly connected to the lifting block (46), the movable rod (461) is movably connected to the bracket (43), and a cylindrical spring (462) is connected to the surface of the movable rod (461).

5. A brake drum mechanism with anti-lock function according to claim 4, wherein the brake drum (1) is fixedly connected with a rotary table (3) which rotates together with the brake drum, the periphery of the rotary table (3) is connected with a plurality of movable arc-shaped track plates (35), the track plates (35) jointly enclose a circular structure, and the track plates (35) are used for driving a lifting frame (49) to lift.

6. A brake drum mechanism with anti-lock function according to claim 5, characterized in that a plurality of rotating rods (31) corresponding to the track plates (35) one by one are rotatably connected to the turntable (3), a plurality of sliding rods (36) corresponding to the track plates (35) one by one are fixedly connected to the periphery of the turntable (3), movable blocks (34) are slidably connected to the sliding rods (36), and connecting rods (33) are connected between the rotating rods (31) and the movable blocks (34).

7. A brake drum brake mechanism with anti-lock function according to claim 6, wherein a wind shield (32) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (31), and the rotating rod (31) is driven to rotate to one side by the wind shield (32) when the turntable (3) rotates at high speed, so that the track plate (35) is driven to move to the periphery.

8. A brake drum mechanism with anti-lock function according to claim 7, characterized in that the lifting seat (47) is fixedly connected with a roller (48) rolling along the surface of the track plates (35), and one end of each adjacent two track plates (35) contacting is provided with a groove (351) which are mutually staggered and matched.

9. Brake drum mechanism with anti-lock function according to claim 8, characterized in that the upper end of the slide bar (36) is fixedly connected with a stop block (37), and a compression spring (38) is connected between the stop block (37) and the movable block (34).