CN117957207A - Cement plastic mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

The cement plastic mixture contains 29 to 43% by weight of plastic particles, 56 to 69% by weight of cement and 1.0 to 2.0% by weight of superplasticizer, and 6.0 to 12% by weight of sand of the order 0.3 to 2.0mm and 4.0 to 14.0% by weight of water.

Description

Cement plastic mixture

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a cement-plastic mixture which can be used to produce building and stone products. The present invention belongs to the field of building and stone products.

Background technique

Currently, products based on cement, silica sand and silica, granite or marble, such as terrazzo, are well known in the field of construction and stone products. Terrazzo is a composite material, cast on site or prefabricated, used for floor and wall treatment. It consists of chips of marble, quartz, granite, glass or other suitable materials, cast with a cement binder (for chemical bonding), a polymer (for physical bonding) or a combination of both.

Document RU 2739910 C1 is known from the prior art and describes a polymer-cement dry building mix containing Portland cement, a polymer binder, sand, glass fibers and a modifier. The polymer binder is a redispersible polyvinyl acetate polymer powder or a polyvinyl acetate copolymer.

Two-component fast-curing plastic cement is also known from document CN112063160A, wherein the first component is polyether polyol, curing agent, surface hydroxyl-modified paraffin, thickener and solid filler. The second component is polyether polyol, catalyst, crosslinking agent, surface hydroxyl-modified paraffin, thickener and solid filler. Paraffin with specific hydroxyl groups is introduced into these two components.

There is also a trend to mix acrylate rubber asphalt into cement, as in the case of application SK1692U, in order to reduce the bulk density, improve the thermal insulation properties and ensure impermeability.

Building mixes comprising cement and paper pulp are also known, as described in application SK 4239 U, which save production costs and reduce the weight of the product.

The problem of cement mixtures has not been fully explored and has now led to the design of such a cement mixture composition that also allows for the ecological use and consumption of plastic waste. The result of this effort is the cement plastic mixture described in the present invention.

Summary of the invention

The above-mentioned problems of cement mixtures are solved by the dry or wet cement-plastic mixture proposed by the invention. The essence of the technical solution lies in the fact that the dry mixture contains three basic components according to the composition. It is a mixture containing crushed plastic, preferably non-recyclable plastic. All types of plastics with a grade of 1 mm to 20 mm or even higher can be used, or chopped plastic strips, except plastic granules. It can also be cement, preferably Portland grey or white with a strength of 32.5 MPa to 52.5 MPa.

Portland grey and Portland white represent historical names for cement, which may be used as synonyms for hydraulic binders.

Finally, it may be a superplasticizer, preferably with a density of 10/40 (40% of superplasticizer). According to the invention, the superplasticizer may be based on or may include or may be made from melamine formaldehyde, and or may meet the EN 934-22019+A1:2012 standard and/or may meet the EN 934-2+A1 standard. This dry cement plastic mixture may be packaged, for example, in paper bags, and at the time of use, it may preferably be mixed with water only. Depending on the needs of the consumer, additional components may be added to these three basic components, such as silica sand, preferably with a grade of 0.3 mm to 2.0 mm, and/or a curing accelerator, such as Betodur A5, thus chlorine-free concrete and/or synthetic fibers, such as ARC 42/30 mm, i.e. alkali-resistant (AR) glass fibers, which may be specially designed for concrete and/or powder coatings, for example in the form of dry color pigment powders for concrete. In case of a wet cement plastic mixture mixed at the site of use or production, water may also be considered as an additional component.

The essence of the present invention is embodied by the composition of each component of cement plastic mixture. According to a preferred embodiment, the cement plastic mixture in the base component comprises:

29% by weight to 43% by weight of plastic scraps,

56% by weight to 69% by weight of cement,

1.0% by weight to 2.0% by weight of superplasticizer, totaling 100% and representing the base mixture.

Furthermore, at least one additional ingredient may be added to the weight of the base mixture, the additional ingredient comprising or consisting of:

6.0% by weight to 12% by weight of silica sand, and/or

0.4% to 0.9% by weight of a curing accelerator, and/or

0.04% to 0.07% by weight of ARC synthetic fibers, and/or

0.02% to 0.08% by weight of the coating, and/or

4.0% by weight to 14.0% by weight of water, and/or

Silica fume (microsilica powder) SiO ₂ 4.0% by weight to 10% by weight of cement.

The percentage by weight of the additional ingredient according to the invention refers to the percentage in addition to the weight of the basic mixture, so that the final product has Y weight units (e.g., kilograms) of basic mixture + for example 6% additional weight of additional ingredients, which according to this example totals a total mass of the base mixture mass Y*1.06.

Therefore, the weight percentage of the additional ingredients is in addition to the mass of the base mix and is calculated as 100% of the base mix without the additional ingredients resulting in a total final product (cementitious plastic mix) mass of 106% relative to the mass of the base mix in the above example.

The advantages of the cement plastic mixture according to the present invention can be seen from its external effects. The effect and originality lie in its unique composition, where the cement plastic mixture aims to save costs by using cheap input raw materials - plastic waste and reducing the weight of the resulting product. The undeniable benefit is that the mortar containing this cement plastic mixture looks like terrazzo.

Terrazzo is a composite material, cast on site or precast, used for floor and wall treatments. It consists of chips of marble, quartz, granite, glass or other suitable material, cast with a cement binder (for chemical bonding), a polymer (for physical bonding), or a combination of both.

This effect is achieved by replacing marble chips with plastic waste chips, which reduces costs by up to 80%. Products made from cement plastic mixtures according to the invention leave a lower carbon footprint while solving one of the most difficult problems of recycling plastic waste. Even old degraded plastics from decades ago, even if exposed to sunlight, can be processed in this way. Adding plastic chips may give the product a surface structure mosaic and/or adding synthetic fibers may give the product flexibility to prevent cracking. Adding silica sand may increase the rigidity of the product.

According to the cement-plastic mixture according to the invention, it is possible to produce garden furniture, such as benches, flower pots, waste baskets, tables, large-format paving materials, facade elements and cast prefabricated parts, which can be cut, ground, sandblasted, impregnated and similarly machined using cutting or non-cutting techniques.

Detailed ways

It should be understood that the various embodiments of cement plastic mixture according to the present invention are presented for illustration rather than as a limitation of the solution. Those skilled in the art will find or be able to determine many equivalents of the specific embodiments of cement plastic mixture according to the present invention using only routine experiments. These equivalents will also fall within the scope of the claims.

For a person skilled in the art, optimal mixing of the individual components of the cement-plastic mixture is not a problem, so these features are not described in detail.

Example 1

In this example of a particular embodiment of the invention, a cement-plastic mixture or dry standard cement-plastic mixture is described, preferably for products with a surface finish by grinding, preferably packaged in paper bags, mainly intended for small consumers. The dry cement-plastic mixture (base mixture) comprises:

19kg of plastic scraps, accounting for 42.7% of the weight,

25kg of grey cement 42.5 (or grey cement 52.5), accounting for 56.1% of the weight,

0.5 kg of superplasticizer 10/40 (density), accounting for 1.2% of the weight.

Example 2

In this example of a particular embodiment of the invention, a cement-plastic mixture or dry standard cement-plastic mixture is described, preferably for products with a sanded/ground finish, packaged in paper bags, mainly intended for small consumers. The dry cement-plastic mixture (base mixture) comprises:

19kg of plastic scraps, accounting for 42.7% of the weight,

25kg of grey cement 42.5 (or white cement 52.5), accounting for 56.1% of the weight,

0.5 kg of superplasticizer, accounting for 1.2% of the weight.

These three basic components account for 100% by weight of the basic mixture, to which at least one of the following additives may be added:

3kg of silica sand, grade 0.8mm, accounting for 6.7% by weight, and/or

0.2 kg of curing accelerator Betodur A5, 0.47% by weight, and/or

0.022kg of ARC synthetic fiber 42/30, 0.05% by weight, and/or

0.004kg of paint, 0.01% by weight.

Thus, coating (if a different color is desired) (optional) and/or curing accelerator (e.g. the shape of the casting mold requires less liquid final mixture) (optional) and/or synthetic fibers (if the final product requires higher resistance to mechanical damage) (optional) and/or silica sand.

Example 3

In this example of a particular embodiment of the invention, a wet base and a standard cement plastic mix, i.e. a wet cement plastic mix, preferably for a product with a sanded/ground finish, is described. The base is the dry mix described in Examples 1 and 2, further supplemented with 5 liters of water, which accounts for 11.2% additional weight over the mass of the dry base mix.

Example 4

In this example of a particular embodiment of the invention, a cement-plastic mixture dry cement-plastic mixture (base mixture) is described for unground products preferably packaged in paper bags, especially intended for small consumers. The dry cement-plastic mixture comprises:

16kg of plastic scraps, accounting for 38% of the weight,

25kg of grey cement 42.5 (or grey cement 52.5), accounting for 60.1% of the weight,

0.8 kg of superplasticizer Melment 20/40, accounting for 1.9% of the weight.

Example 5

In this example of a particular embodiment of the invention, a cement-plastic mixture, namely a dry cement-plastic mixture, is described for unground products preferably packaged in paper bags, especially intended for small consumers. The dry cement-plastic mixture comprises:

16kg of plastic scraps, accounting for 38% of the weight,

25kg of grey cement 42.5 (or white cement 52.5), accounting for 60.1% of the weight,

0.8 kg of superplasticizer 20/40, accounting for 1.9% of the weight.

These three basic components account for 100% by weight of the basic mixture, to which the additives added include or consist of:

5kg of quartz sand, grade 0.8mm, accounting for 12% of the weight, and/or

0.4 kg of curing accelerator Betodur A5, 0.9% by weight, and/or

0.022kg of ARC synthetic fiber 42/30, 0.05% by weight, and/or

0.004kg of coating, 0.01% by weight, and/or

2.5 kg of silica fume (microsilica powder) SiO2, accounting for 10% of the weight of cement.

Example 6

In this example of a specific embodiment of the invention, a wet base and a standard cement plastic mix, ie a wet cement plastic mix for an unground product, is described.

The basis was any of the mixtures described in Examples 4 and 5, with a further additive being 1.7 litres of water, which represented 4% additional weight over the mass of the dry basis mixture.

Industrial Applicability

The cement-plastic mixture according to the invention is intended for use in the field of construction and stonework.

Claims (7)

1. Cement plastic mixture, characterized in that it comprises a base mixture comprising 29% to 43% by weight of plastic particles, 56% to 69% by weight of cement and 1.0% to 2.0% by weight of superplasticizer, the sum of these being 100% by weight of the base mixture.

2. Cement plastic mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that 6.0% to 12% by weight of silica sand is provided outside the weight of the base mixture, said silica sand being of the order of 0.3mm to 2.0mm.

3. Cement plastic mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the curing accelerator is provided in an amount of 0.4% by weight to 0.9% by weight, outside the weight of the base mixture.

4. A cementitious plastic mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein from 0.04% by weight to 0.07% by weight of ARC synthetic fibers are provided in addition to the weight of the base mixture.

5. Cement plastic mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating is provided in an amount of 0.01% by weight to 0.08% by weight, outside the weight of the base mixture.

6. Cement plastic mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that water is provided in an amount of 4.0% by weight to 14.0% by weight, outside the weight of the base mixture.

7. Cement plastic mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that outside the weight of the base mixture 4.0% by weight to 10% by weight of silica fume (microsilica) SiO ₂ by weight of cement weight is provided.