CN117905413B - All-metal bridge plug with ball and suitable for sleeves of various specifications - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a full metal bridge plug with a self-contained ball that can adapt to various specifications of casings, including: a locking cap, an upper cone, a locking joint, a lower cone, a slip seat, and a base that are mounted on a pull rod from top to bottom, the inner cone surface of a metal sealing ring is in close contact with the outer cone surface at the right end of the upper cone, a sealing ball is installed in a side hole of the upper cone, the left end of the locking joint is connected to the lower end of the lower cone through a thread, the inner cone surface of the left end of the slip seat is matched and assembled with the cone surface of the lower cone, the base is mounted on the pull rod, the pull rod and the base are connected through a thread, the locking cap is connected to the pull rod through a thread, and the cone surface of the locking cap is in close contact with the inner cone surface at the left end of the upper cone. The pull rod and the locking cap are made of metal materials. After the bridge plug is set, the pull rod and the locking cap are lifted out of the oil and gas well, and other components are left underground. The present invention saves the link of dropping a sealing ball at the wellhead, improves the construction efficiency, and after the bridge plug is set, the setting condition of the bridge plug is immediately verified, thereby improving the reliability of the bridge plug construction.

Description

A full metal bridge plug with built-in ball to adapt to various specifications of casing

Technical Field

The embodiment of the present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and in particular to a full metal bridge plug with a self-contained ball that can adapt to casings of various specifications.

Background technique

At present, the bridge plug staged fracturing adopts the joint technology of perforation and bridge plug setting. That is, after the bridge plug is set, the cable is lifted up and dropped for perforation, and then the perforation tool and the setting tool are taken out of the oil well. During fracturing, a sealing ball 3 is dropped from the wellhead to seal the central channel of the bridge plug to perform fracturing of the oil and gas reservoir. There are two main problems: first, dropping the ball reduces the operation efficiency and wastes the liquid pumping the ball; second, the setting of the bridge plug cannot be verified.

In addition, the existing all-metal bridge plug has a sealing ring and a slip anchoring operation performed simultaneously, and has strict requirements on the inner diameter of the casing. There are interference problems between sealing and anchoring. This type of all-metal bridge plug is a size specification that can only adapt to a specific casing size. For example, a 5.5in casing model has casings with various casing wall thicknesses. The commonly used casing wall thicknesses are: 7.72mm, 9.17mm, 10.54mm, and 12.70mm. The same model of casings of different four specifications requires four different sizes of all-metal bridge plugs, resulting in a variety of specifications of all-metal bridge plugs and increased costs. The present invention provides an all-metal bridge plug with a self-contained ball that adapts to casings of various specifications, and can use a full-metal bridge plug of one size to adapt to these various different specifications of casings.

The structural design with built-in sealing ball 3 can save the step of dropping the sealing ball 3 at the wellhead, improve the construction efficiency, and after the bridge plug is set, the setting condition of the bridge plug can be verified immediately, thereby improving the reliability of the bridge plug construction.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a full metal bridge plug with a self-contained ball that can adapt to various specifications of casings in view of the above defects in the prior art. The double cone structure separates the sealing from the anchoring, and the different climbing positions of the soft metal sealing ring 4 on the upper cone 2 can achieve the sealing of casings with different inner diameters, so as to solve the defects and deficiencies of the full metal bridge plug in the prior art. By designing the sealing ball 3 inside the bridge plug, after the bridge plug is set, the perforating gun is lifted out of the bridge plug, and the pressure is pumped from the wellhead. The sealing ball 3 inside the bridge plug seals the internal channel of the bridge plug under the action of the liquid flow, and the sealing of the bridge plug can be tested, thereby improving the reliability of the bridge plug and saving the time and materials for ball pumping from the wellhead.

A full metal bridge plug with a built-in ball that can adapt to casings of various specifications, comprising a tie rod, the upper end of which is threadedly connected to a setting tool, a locking cap connected to the upper end of the tie rod through a thread, and a lower end connected to a base through a thread;

It also includes an upper cone, a sealing ball, a metal sealing ring, a locking joint, a lower cone, a slip seat and a base; the upper cone, the sealing ball, the metal sealing ring, the locking joint, the lower cone, the slip seat and the base are all made of magnesium-based and aluminum-based soluble metal materials, and automatically dissolve after the fracturing is completed;

The pull rod is located at the axis, and the locking cap, the upper cone, the locking joint, the lower cone, and the slip seat are sequentially mounted on the pull rod;

The upper cone is a cylindrical structure, including an upper end and a lower end. The upper end is an outer cylindrical surface, and the interior is sequentially a first inner conical hole, a first inner circular hole, and a second inner circular hole; a circular hole is processed between the outer cylindrical surface and the inner circular hole for placing a sealing ball, and the size of the circular hole is smaller than that of the sealing ball; the lower end is an outer conical surface, and the interior is sequentially a second inner conical hole, a third inner circular hole, and an inner thread; the first inner conical hole is used to be sleeved outside the locking cap;

The metal sealing ring is a tubular structure with a cylindrical outer surface and an inner hole at the upper end which is an inner conical surface. The inner conical surface is sleeved on the outer conical surface of the upper cone. The inner conical surface and the outer conical surface have the same cone angle and the two conical surfaces fit together. The outer cylindrical surface at the upper end is provided with multiple grooves of the same size. The lower end has a circular hole inside.

The locking joint has a cylindrical structure, an external thread is processed on the outer end surface, a disconnected groove is processed between the outer end surface and the inner hole, and the upper end of the external thread is connected with the internal thread of the lower end of the upper cone;

The lower cone is a cylindrical structure, with the outer side being the upper boss, the outer cylindrical surface and the lower conical surface, the boss butting against the lower end of the metal sealing ring; the outer conical surface is sleeved in the slip seat; the upper inner hole is provided with a thread, which is threadedly connected with the lower end of the outer thread of the locking joint;

The slip seat is a cylindrical structure with a conical hole inside the upper end. The slip seat is mounted on the conical surface of the lower cone, and the conical hole fits the conical surface of the lower cone. Multiple cuts are evenly cut in the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the slip seat, and multiple grooves are machined on the lower end surface of the slip seat.

The base has a cylindrical structure, the inner surface of which is processed with threads, the upper end surface of which is processed with bosses having the same number of grooves as the grooves on the lower end surface of the slip seat, and the inner surface threads are connected with the threads on the lower end of the pull rod.

The present invention adopts a novel fracturing bridge plug sealing structure, which has a wide adaptability range, good sealing effect, separate sealing and anchoring actions without mutual interference, reliable performance and strong adaptability.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper cone structure of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking joint according to the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal sealing ring of the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower cone of the present invention;

Fig. 6a is a schematic diagram of the inner diameter of a casing with multiple specifications according to the present invention;

FIG6b is a second schematic diagram of the inner diameter of a casing with multiple specifications according to the present invention;

FIG. 6c is the third principle diagram of sealing the inner diameter of a casing of multiple specifications according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

As shown in FIG1 , a full metal bridge plug with a self-contained ball adapted to casings of various specifications comprises a tie rod 9, the upper end of the tie rod 9 is threadedly connected to a setting tool, a locking cap 1 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the tie rod 9, and the lower end is threadedly connected to a base 8;

It also includes an upper cone 2, a sealing ball 3, a metal sealing ring 4, a locking joint 5, a lower cone 6, a slip seat 7 and a base 8; a pull rod 9 is located at the axis, and a locking cap 1, an upper cone 2, a locking joint 5, a lower cone 6, and a slip seat 7 are sequentially mounted on the pull rod 9;

As shown in FIG. 2 , the upper cone 2 is a cylindrical structure, including an upper end and a lower end. The upper end is provided with an outer cylindrical surface 16, and the interior is provided with a first inner conical hole 11, a first inner circular hole 12, and a second inner circular hole 13 in sequence; a circular hole 19 is processed between the outer cylindrical surface 16 and the inner circular hole 13 for placing the sealing ball 3, and the size of the circular hole is smaller than that of the sealing ball 3; the lower end is provided with an outer conical surface 17, and the interior is provided with a second inner conical hole 14, a third inner circular hole 15, and an internal thread 18 in sequence; the first inner conical hole 11 is used to be sleeved on the outside of the locking cap 1;

As shown in Fig. 4, the metal sealing ring 4 is made of an alloy material that can be dissolved in the fracturing fluid environment. It is a tubular structure with a cylindrical surface 32 on the outer surface and an inner conical surface 31 on the upper end. The inner conical surface 31 is sleeved on the outer conical surface 17 of the upper cone 2. The inner conical surface 31 has the same cone angle as the outer conical surface 17 and the two conical surfaces fit together. The outer cylindrical surface of the upper end is provided with a plurality of grooves 34 of the same size. The inner part of the lower end is a circular hole 33. When the bridge plug is set, the upper cone 2 and the metal sealing ring 4 produce relative motion. The metal sealing ring 4 climbs upward along the outer conical surface 17 of the upper cone 2, and the outer diameter of the metal sealing ring 4 continues to expand outward. When the metal sealing ring 4 climbs to a certain position on the conical surface, the outer diameter of the metal sealing ring 4 expands to the same as the inner diameter of a certain specification of the casing. Under the setting force provided by the setting tool, the metal sealing ring 4 is in close contact with the inner wall of the casing, so that the metal sealing ring 4 seals the annular space between the casing and the upper cone 2.

Since the outer cone surface 17 at the lower part of the upper cone 2 has a certain length, when the metal sealing ring 4 crawls along the outer cone surface 17, the outer diameter of the metal sealing ring 4 continues to expand, and the metal sealing ring 4 corresponding to a position has a different outer diameter, so that it can play a sealing role for the inner diameters of casings of different specifications.

As shown in Figure 3, the locking joint 5 has a cylindrical structure, an outer end face is processed with an external thread 21, a disconnected groove 23 is processed between the outer end face and the inner hole 22, the upper end of the external thread 21 is connected to the internal thread 18 at the lower end of the upper cone 2, and the lower end of the external thread 21 is connected to the thread 44 of the lower cone 6. When the upper cone 2 and the lower cone 6 produce relative movement, the locking joint 5 moves forward along the thread 44 of the lower cone 6 to fix and lock the position of the upper cone 2 and the lower cone 6.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the lower cone 6 is a cylindrical structure, and the outer side is sequentially composed of a boss 42 at the upper end, an outer cylindrical surface 41 and a conical surface 43 at the lower end. The outer diameter of the boss 42 is assembled with the circular hole 33 of the metal sealing ring 4, and the inner hole of the lower cone 6 is processed into a thread 44.

The slip seat 7 is a cylindrical structure with a conical hole inside the upper end. The slip seat 7 is mounted on the conical surface 43 of the lower cone 6, and the conical hole fits the conical surface 43 of the lower cone 6. Multiple cuts are evenly cut in the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the slip seat 7, and multiple grooves are processed on the lower end surface of the slip seat 7.

The base 8 is a cylindrical structure with threads processed on the inner surface and bosses processed on the upper end surface with the same number of grooves as the grooves on the lower end surface of the slip seat 7. The inner surface threads are connected with the threads on the lower end of the pull rod 9.

When the bridge plug is set, the base 8 and the pull rod 9 remain stationary, the upper cone 2, the metal sealing ring 4, the locking joint 5, and the lower cone 6 move to the right together, and the slip seat 7 expands radially along the conical surface 43 of the lower cone 6. When the anchor teeth bite into the inner wall of the casing to a certain depth, the anchoring of the bridge plug is completed. After the bridge plug is anchored, the lower cone 6 also remains stationary, the upper cone 2 continues to move to the right, and the metal sealing ring 4 crawls upward along the conical surface of the upper cone 2. At this time, the outer diameter of the metal sealing ring 4 expands outward. When the outer diameter of the metal sealing ring 4 expands to the inner wall of the casing, because the metal sealing ring 4 is a soft metal, under the action of the bridge plug setting force, the metal sealing ring 4 is pressed against the inner wall of the casing, and the metal sealing ring 4 fills The space between the inner wall of the casing and the outer cone surface 17 of the upper cone 2 plays a sealing role. At the same time, the outer thread 21 of the locking joint 5 moves forward along the thread 44 of the lower cone 6, and the relative position of the upper cone 2 and the lower cone 6 is tightened, thus completing the setting of the bridge plug. When the setting force of the bridge plug reaches a certain value, the threads connecting the base 8 and the pull rod 9 are sheared and disengaged, the cable is pulled up, and the bridge plug setting tool, the locking cap 1, and the pull rod 9 raise the bridge plug. At this time, fracturing fluid can be pumped into the wellhead. Driven by the liquid, the sealing ball 3 sits on the second inner cone hole 14 of the upper cone 2. The sealing ball 3 blocks the inner hole channel of the bridge plug, and the bridge plug is sealed up and down, forming a sealing effect of staged fracturing.

The metal sealing ring 4 climbs upward along the outer cone surface 17 at the lower end of the upper cone 2. The outer diameter of the metal sealing ring 4 increases to different sizes at different climbing positions, so that it can produce a sealing effect on the inner diameters of casings of different specifications.

The pull rod 9 and locking cap 1 are made of metal materials. After the bridge plug is sealed, the pull rod 9 and locking cap 1 are lifted out of the oil and gas well, and other components are left underground. The components left underground are all made of magnesium-based and aluminum-based soluble metal materials, and they automatically dissolve after fracturing is completed.

As shown in Figures 6a to 6c, the first sleeve 51, the second sleeve 52, and the third sleeve 53 are three sleeves of different specifications, and their inner diameters are D1, D2, and D3 respectively. When the metal sealing ring 4 crawls along the conical surface of the lower end of the upper cone 22 to different positions (the metal sealing ring 4 is at different distances from the lower end surface of the upper cone 2, represented by d1, d2, and d3 respectively), the outer diameter of the metal sealing ring 4 expands to D1, D2, and D3 respectively.

Claims (1)

1. The full-metal bridge plug with the ball adapting to the sleeves with various specifications is characterized by comprising a pull rod (9), wherein the upper end of the pull rod (9) is in threaded connection with a setting tool, a locking cap (1) is in threaded connection with the upper end of the pull rod (9), and the lower end of the locking cap is in threaded connection with a base (8);

The slip joint also comprises an upper cone (2), a sealing ball (3), a metal sealing ring (4), a locking joint (5), a lower cone (6), a slip seat (7) and a base (8); the upper cone (2), the sealing ball (3), the metal sealing ring (4), the locking joint (5), the lower cone (6), the slip seat (7) and the base (8) are all made of magnesium-based and aluminum-based soluble metal materials, and are automatically dissolved after fracturing is completed;

The pull rod (9) is positioned at the axle center, and the locking cap (1), the upper cone (2), the locking joint (5), the lower cone (6) and the slip seat (7) are sleeved on the pull rod (9) in sequence;

The upper cone (2) is of a cylindrical structure and comprises an upper end and a lower end, the outer part of the upper end is an outer cylindrical surface (16), the inner part of the upper end is sequentially provided with a first inner conical hole (11), a first inner round hole (12) and a second inner round hole (13); a round hole (19) is processed between the outer cylindrical surface (16) and the inner circular hole (13) and is used for placing the sealing ball (3), and the size of the round hole is smaller than that of the sealing ball (3); the outer part of the lower end is an outer conical surface (17), and the inner part of the lower end is sequentially provided with a second inner conical hole (14), a third inner round hole (15) and an inner thread (18); the first inner taper hole (11) is used for being sleeved outside the locking cap (1);

The metal sealing ring (4) is of a cylindrical structure, the outer surface of the metal sealing ring is a cylindrical surface (32), an inner hole at the upper end of the metal sealing ring is an inner conical surface (31), the inner conical surface (31) is sleeved on the outer conical surface (17) of the upper cone (2), and the cone angles of the inner conical surface (31) and the outer conical surface (17) are the same and the two conical surfaces are attached; the outer cylindrical surface of the upper end is provided with a plurality of grooves (34) with the same size; the lower end is internally provided with a round hole (33);

the locking joint (5) is of a cylindrical structure, an external thread (21) is processed on the external end surface, a broken groove (23) is processed between the external end surface and the inner hole (22), and the upper end of the external thread (21) is connected with an internal thread (18) at the lower end of the upper cone (2);

The lower cone (6) is of a cylindrical structure, the outer side of the lower cone is sequentially provided with a boss (42) at the upper end, an outer cylindrical surface (41) and a conical surface (43) at the lower end, and the boss (42) is in butt joint with the lower end of the metal sealing ring (4); the outer conical surface (43) is sleeved in the slip seat (7); the upper inner hole is provided with a thread (44) which is in threaded connection with the lower end of an external thread (21) of the locking joint (5);

The slip seat (7) is of a cylindrical structure, the inner part of the upper end of the slip seat is provided with a conical hole, the slip seat (7) is sleeved on the conical surface (43) of the lower cone (6), and the conical hole is attached to the conical surface (43) of the lower cone (6); a plurality of notches are uniformly cut along the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the slip seat (7), and a plurality of grooves are processed on the lower end surface of the slip seat (7);

The base (8) is of a cylindrical structure, threads are machined on the inner surface, bosses with the same number as grooves on the lower end surface of the slip seat (7) are machined on the upper end surface, and the threads on the inner surface are connected with the threads on the lower end of the pull rod (9).