CN117895025A - Activation method and device for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Activation method and device for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117895025A CN117895025A CN202410132492.3A CN202410132492A CN117895025A CN 117895025 A CN117895025 A CN 117895025A CN 202410132492 A CN202410132492 A CN 202410132492A CN 117895025 A CN117895025 A CN 117895025A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell stack
- working temperature
- constant current
- time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 53
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an activation method and device of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack. The method comprises the following steps: checking whether the air tightness of the battery meets the air tightness index; connecting a cathode of the battery with a cathode of an electronic load, connecting an anode of the battery with an anode of the electronic load, and setting the working temperature of the electric pile; the load is adjusted to a constant current mode, and after the load is operated for the first time, the load is reduced, the machine is stopped, and the machine is stably operated for a period of time; setting the working temperature and the gas metering ratio of the electric pile, carrying out two-step loading on the electric pile to a constant current point, and stably operating for a third time; setting the working temperature and the gas metering ratio of the electric pile, gradually loading to a constant current point, and stably operating for a period of time; setting the working temperature and the gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading to a constant current point, and stably operating for a fifth time. The method realizes the excitation of the initial performance of the fuel cell stack, effectively shortens the stack activation time, and improves the batch offline test efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cell stack activation, in particular to a method and a device for activating a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack.
Background
PEMFC refers to proton exchange membrane fuel cells (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell). It is a fuel cell that uses electrochemical reactions of hydrogen and oxygen (typically oxygen in air) to produce electrical energy. The PEMFC adopts a proton exchange membrane as an electrolyte, converts chemical energy of hydrogen into electric energy through an electrochemical reaction, and generates water as a byproduct. In the PEMFC, hydrogen enters the cell through the catalytic layer on the anode (negative) side, and oxygen enters the cell through the catalytic layer on the cathode (positive) side. On the anode catalytic layer, the hydrogen gas is decomposed into protons and electrons, the protons pass through the proton exchange membrane, and the electrons are supplied with electric energy through an external circuit. On the cathode catalytic layer, oxygen reacts with protons and electrons to form water. The electric power generated in the whole process can be used to drive external devices.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) stacks are attracting attention in the new energy field due to their low operating temperature, zero emissions, high power density, high efficiency, etc. However, durability and cost remain significant challenges that prevent further commercialization. Due to factors such as impurity pollution in the production process, non-wetting of the membrane of the PEMFC, non-establishment of an internal substance transmission channel, non-optimization of an electrode structure, low catalyst utilization rate and the like, the performance of the newly manufactured fuel cell stack is often low, and the practical requirements cannot be met. Therefore, obtaining optimal output performance by an activation technique under specific conditions is a necessary procedure before the stack is assembled into an entire fuel cell system and put into normal use. Depending on the Membrane Electrode (MEA) assembly and activation method, this process typically takes several hours or even days, which not only increases gas consumption, but also limits production efficiency. Activation is ultimately one of the important reasons for the high cost of fuel cells, so developing rapid activation techniques is of great importance to drive the fuel cell further.
A number of PEMFC activation methods have been developed. A forced current activation process has been proposed in which an open circuit voltage is applied with 0.6V, discharged at a constant voltage for 1 hour, and then the open circuit voltage is returned, and the process is repeated four times, so that the maximum power density is increased by 56.3%, but the whole activation process takes about 8 hours, which is relatively long. Also, the short circuit method is used to activate the fuel cell, which can eliminate the oxide generated by the Catalyst Layer (CLs) and increase the effective electrochemical reaction area of the catalyst, but the chemical reaction in the process generates a large amount of water and heat, which is easy to cause permanent damage to the membrane electrode.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an activation method, an activation device and a storage medium of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, and aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for activating a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, comprising:
checking whether the air tightness of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell accords with an air tightness index;
if yes, connecting the cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to the cathode of an electronic load, connecting the anode to the anode of the electronic load, introducing wet air into the anode, introducing wet hydrogen into the cathode, and setting a first working temperature of the fuel cell stack;
the electronic load is adjusted to a constant current mode, after the electronic load is loaded and operated for a first time, the electronic load is unloaded and stopped, and the electronic load is stably operated for a second time;
after the batteries are loaded in one step, setting a second working temperature and a first gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, and loading the fuel cell stack to a first constant current point in two steps, so as to stably run for a third time;
setting a third working temperature and a second gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading to a second constant current point, and stably operating for a fourth time;
setting a fourth working temperature and a third gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading to a third constant current point, stably operating for a fifth time, recording voltage change, and completing activation if the voltage of the rated point reaches a preset requirement.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an activation device for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, comprising:
the checking module is used for checking whether the air tightness of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell accords with the air tightness index;
the connection module is used for connecting the cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to the negative electrode of the electronic load if the cathode is in line with the negative electrode of the electronic load, connecting the anode to the positive electrode of the electronic load, introducing wet air into the anode, introducing wet hydrogen into the cathode, and setting the first working temperature of the fuel cell stack;
the first loading module is used for adjusting the electronic load to a constant current mode, and after the first time of loading operation, the electronic load is stopped during load reduction and the second time of stable operation;
the second loading module is used for setting a second working temperature and a first gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack after the battery is loaded in one step, carrying out two-step loading on the fuel cell stack to a first constant current point, and stably operating for a third time;
the third loading module is used for setting a third working temperature and a second gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading the second constant current point and stably operating for a fourth time;
and the fourth loading module is used for setting a fourth working temperature and a third gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading the fuel cell stack to a third constant current point, stably operating for a fifth time, recording voltage change, and completing activation if the voltage of the rated point reaches a preset requirement.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to execute instructions to implement a method of activating a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which when executed by a processor of an electronic device, enables the electronic device to perform a method of activating a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising a computer program for executing a method of activating a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack by a processor.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, firstly, whether the air tightness of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell accords with an air tightness index is checked, if so, a cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to a cathode of an electronic load, an anode is connected to an anode of the electronic load, wetted air is introduced into the anode, wetted hydrogen is introduced into the cathode, a first working temperature of the fuel cell stack is set, the electronic load is adjusted to a constant current mode, after loading and running for a first time, load-down and stop are performed, a second time is stabilized, after one-step loading is performed on the cell, the second working temperature and the first gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is loaded to a first constant current point in two steps, a third time is stabilized, the third working temperature and the second gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is gradually loaded to a second constant current point, a fourth time is stabilized, the fourth working temperature and the third gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is gradually loaded to a third constant current point, a fifth time is stabilized, and a preset voltage change is recorded, and if the rated voltage change reaches a rated voltage requirement. Therefore, the requirements of the fuel cell stack on mass production and commercial application, such as long time consumption, large hydrogen consumption, complex process, harsh operation conditions and the like, of the existing activation process of the fuel cell stack can be met, the excitation of the initial performance of the fuel cell stack is realized through a combined method of self-humidifying preactivation and electrorheological discharge activation, the activation time of the fuel cell stack is effectively shortened, the batch offline test efficiency is improved, the method has an important role in guiding the optimization research of the structural design of the fuel cell, and the method has practical significance in the mass production application of the high-power fuel cell stack.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of activation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of polarization curves between current densities before and after fuel cell stack activation and average cell voltages;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of electrochemical impedance before and after activation of a fuel cell stack;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an activation device for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to the present application.
Specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in more detail. These drawings and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any way, but to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present application include all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
In the related art, a high current pulse activation method based on a fuel cell is proposed, which includes three key steps of testing a polarization curve to obtain a maximum current in an inactive state, increasing the maximum current by about 30% to obtain a peak current, and periodically varying the current between the peak current and 0A. The method is simple to operate, but the electrode structure is negatively affected by excessive peak current. In addition, the current remains around zero for most of the time, and long-term maintenance of high voltage impairs battery durability.
It should be noted that the existing activation process has the problems of complex process, high cost and even insufficient activation. The effect of shortening the activation time by performing discharge activation by adjusting the peak current, the activation period, the pulse duty ratio, and the number of periods is not obvious. Secondly, the CLs oxide stripping mechanism is complex in process and harsh in condition, and can cause battery counter electrode when severe, so that the service life of the fuel cell is influenced.
In view of the above analysis, the embodiment of the invention aims to provide an activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, which realizes four-stage variable load current combined activation and is used for solving the problems of long time consumption, large energy consumption and unsatisfactory activation effect in the activation process in the prior art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to a first embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s101: and checking whether the air tightness of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell meets the air tightness index.
Specifically, for checking whether the air tightness of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack meets the air tightness index, the following steps may be taken:
1: preparing test equipment: air tightness test equipment such as a hydrogen and oxygen supply system, a pressure sensor, a leak detector, and the like are prepared. 2: and (3) connecting test equipment: the test equipment was connected to the inlet and outlet of the pem fuel cell stack and the connection was ensured to be tight. 3: applying pressure: a certain pressure is applied to the inside of the stack by the test equipment, and typically hydrogen is used as the test gas. The pressure value is monitored by a pressure sensor. 4: detecting leakage: a leak detector or other method is used to detect the presence of a gas leak in the stack. If there is a leak, the connection needs to be rechecked to ensure that the connection is tight. 5: checking for pressure changes: within a certain period of time, it is observed whether there is a significant change in pressure. If the pressure is stable and there is no significant drop, it is indicated that the air tightness of the stack meets the criteria. If the tightness of the cell stack does not meet the index, the cell stack needs to be reassembled, whether the connecting piece, the sealing piece and the like are good or not is checked, and the tightness test is performed again until the tightness of the cell stack meets the index. Ensuring good tightness of the stack is critical to its proper operation and safety.
Optionally, if the tightness index is not met, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is reassembled until the tightness index is met.
Alternatively, the effective area may be 250cm 2 The single cell of the membrane electrode is used as a test sample, or 200 single cells with the effective area of 250cm can be used 2 And activating the galvanic pile formed by the membrane electrode.
S102: if the fuel cell meets the requirement, connecting the cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to the cathode of the electronic load, connecting the anode to the anode of the electronic load, introducing wet air into the anode, introducing wet hydrogen into the cathode, and setting the first working temperature of the fuel cell stack.
Specifically, a cathode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to a negative electrode of a load, an anode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to a positive electrode of the load, moist air is introduced into the anode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and moist hydrogen is introduced into the cathode.
Optionally, the relative humidity of the humidified air ranges from 60% to 100% and the relative humidity of the humidified hydrogen ranges from 60% to 100%.
Alternatively, if the effective area is 250cm 2 The single cell of the membrane electrode is used as a test sample, and the first working temperature of the fuel cell stack is set to 80 ℃. If the effective area of 200 tablets is 250cm 2 The galvanic pile formed by the membrane electrode is activated, and the temperature range of the first working temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the temperature is not limited.
S103: and regulating the electronic load to a constant current mode, and after the electronic load is loaded and operated for a first time, stopping the electronic load, and stably operating for a second time.
Specifically, the electronic load is adjusted to a constant current mode, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack is loaded to 0.2A/cm < 2 >, the operation is stable for 5min, the load is reduced, the machine is stopped, and the stable time is 5min.
Alternatively, the first time and the second time may be 5min, which is not limited herein.
S104: after the batteries are loaded in one step, the second working temperature and the first gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is loaded to a first constant current point in two steps, and the fuel cell stack is operated stably for a third time.
S105: and setting a third operating temperature and a second gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading to a second constant current point, and stably operating for a fourth time.
S106: setting a fourth working temperature and a third gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading to a third constant current point, stably operating for a fifth time, recording voltage change, and completing activation if the voltage of the rated point reaches a preset requirement.
Alternatively, if the fuel cell stack is 200 sheets with an effective area of 250cm 2 The temperature range of the first working temperature is 40-80 ℃, the second working temperature is 60 ℃, the third working temperature is 70 ℃, the fourth working temperature is 80 ℃, and the first constant current point is 0.5A/cm 2 The second constant current point is 1.0A/cm 2 The third constant current point is 1.2A/cm 2 。
It should be noted that steps S104, S105 and S106 correspond to two-step loading, three-step loading and four-step loading, respectively.
Namely, during two-step loading, the temperature of the fuel cell is set to be 60 ℃, humidified air is introduced into the cathode, humidified hydrogen is introduced into the anode, at the moment, the humidity of the cathode and the anode is 100%, the gas pressure of the anode and the cathode is set to be 1bar, the flow rate of the anode and the cathode is controlled to be in a metering ratio mode, the cathode metering ratio is set to be 2.5, and the anode metering ratio is set to be 1.9; loading the galvanic pile current density to 0.5A/cm 2 And stably operated for 5min. In the three-step loading process, the temperature of the fuel cell is set to be 70 ℃, the humidity of the anode and the cathode is set to be 60%, the gas pressure of the anode and the cathode is set to be 1.5bar, the flow rate of the anode and the cathode is controlled to be in a metering ratio mode, the cathode metering ratio is set to be 2.7, and the anode metering ratio is set to be 2; will pile upFrom the above 0.5A/cm 2 Loaded to 1.0A/cm 2 And stably operated for 5min. In the four-step loading process, the temperature of the fuel cell is set to 80 ℃, the humidity of the anode and the cathode is set to 60%, the gas pressure of the anode and the cathode is set to 1.6bar, the flow rate of the anode and the cathode is controlled to be in a metering ratio mode, the cathode metering ratio is set to 2.5, and the anode metering ratio is set to 2; the galvanic pile is formed by 1.0A/cm 2 Loaded to 1.2A/cm 2 And stably operated for 5min.
Optionally, if the single cell with the effective area of 250cm2 of membrane electrode is activated, the two-step loading can set the temperature of the fuel cell to 80 ℃, humidified air is introduced into the cathode, humidified hydrogen is introduced into the anode, at the moment, the humidity of the cathode and the anode is 60%, the gas pressure of the anode and the cathode is set to 1bar, the flow rate of the anode and the cathode is controlled to be in a metering ratio mode, the metering ratio of the cathode is set to 2.2, the metering ratio of the anode is 1.6, the three-step loading can load the galvanic pile to 0.5A/cm2 and stably operate for 5min, then the cell is loaded to 1.0A/cm2 and stably operate for 5min, the four-step loading can load to 1.5A/cm2, and the stable operation is again performed for 5min, and the voltage change in the activation process is recorded.
Finally, the load can be reduced to 0.5A/cm 2 Setting the hydrogen air pressure to 0, and reducing the temperature of the fuel cell to 60 ℃; then load is reduced to 0A/cm 2 Closing the load and stopping the machine; an activated proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack is obtained.
Fig. 2 is an I-V curve of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack assembled from 200 single cells before and after activation, and the test result is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the performance of the stack is obviously improved after activation compared with that before activation.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the electrochemical impedance before and after activation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, and the test results shown in FIG. 3 show that the stack impedance after activation is significantly reduced compared with that before activation, thereby improving the electrochemical reaction efficiency.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, firstly, whether the air tightness of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell accords with an air tightness index is checked, if so, a cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to a cathode of an electronic load, an anode is connected to an anode of the electronic load, wetted air is introduced into the anode, wetted hydrogen is introduced into the cathode, a first working temperature of the fuel cell stack is set, the electronic load is adjusted to a constant current mode, after loading and running for a first time, load-down and stop are performed, a second time is stabilized, after one-step loading is performed on the cell, the second working temperature and the first gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is loaded to a first constant current point in two steps, a third time is stabilized, the third working temperature and the second gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is gradually loaded to a second constant current point, a fourth time is stabilized, the fourth working temperature and the third gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is gradually loaded to a third constant current point, a fifth time is stabilized, and a preset voltage change is recorded, and if the rated voltage change reaches a rated voltage requirement. Therefore, the requirements of the fuel cell stack on mass production and commercial application, such as long time consumption, large hydrogen consumption, complex process, harsh operation conditions and the like, of the existing activation process of the fuel cell stack can be met, the excitation of the initial performance of the fuel cell stack is realized through a combined method of self-humidifying preactivation and electrorheological discharge activation, the activation time of the fuel cell stack is effectively shortened, the batch offline test efficiency is improved, the method has an important role in guiding the optimization research of the structural design of the fuel cell, and the method has practical significance in the mass production application of the high-power fuel cell stack.
The invention adopts a combined method of self-humidifying preactivation and electrorheological discharge activation, and the generated water directly contacts with the ionomers in the CLs, so that a continuous ion conductive network is formed more effectively than a reactant with high relative humidity by simple flow, and the conductivity is obviously improved. The water film on the membrane surface also promotes the attachment of the membrane to other components, in particular to CL. The PEMFC discharges under the condition of medium and low current density, has mild condition and easy operation, and avoids local high temperature caused by gas deficiency. Heat and water generated in the constant-current stage can remove impurities, and proton transfer resistance is reduced, so that performance is improved; the large gas flow is supplied, and water can be discharged in time, so that the electrodes are prevented from being submerged by water. This method preserves the strong reaction of the current conditions and avoids the risk of damage to the membrane electrode during activation. The method has important effect on guiding the optimization research of the structural design of the fuel cell, and has practical significance in the mass production application of the high-power fuel cell stacks. The self-humidifying activation comprises inert gas purging before starting a galvanic pile, open circuit voltage detection and short-time on-load operation with low current density. Since organic solvents, impurities and other contaminants may be present in the membrane during the production process, the process generates heat and water to remove the impurities, reducing proton transfer resistance; the wetting process of the membrane ensures a good hydration state and high proton conductivity of the ionic monomer; on the other hand, the water film on the surface of the membrane promotes the connection of the membrane to CLs, thereby improving the electrochemical reaction performance. The electrorheological load discharge activation consists of three constant current point-to-point load changing processes, and the method is simple and convenient to operate. Electrorheological loading operations open some "dead space" that may be blocked by particles and other impurities, so gaseous reactants have more opportunity to enter the platinum surface and mass transfer resistance is reduced. The water carried by the reactant gases can wet the MEA to reduce proton transfer impedance, and these factors, in combination with the wetting effect of the water produced, contribute to the enhancement of cell performance.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an activation apparatus of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack according to the present application, and as shown in fig. 4, the activation apparatus 400 of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack includes:
a checking module 410, configured to check whether the tightness of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell meets the tightness index;
the connection module 420 is configured to connect a cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to a negative electrode of an electronic load, connect an anode to a positive electrode of the electronic load, introduce humidified air to the anode, introduce humidified hydrogen to the cathode, and set a first operating temperature of the fuel cell stack if the cathode is in line with the anode;
the first loading module 430 is configured to adjust the electronic load to a constant current mode, load down and stop after a first time of loading operation, and operate stably for a second time;
the second loading module 440 is configured to set a second operating temperature and a first gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack after the one-step loading of the battery, perform two-step loading of the fuel cell stack to a first constant current point, and operate stably for a third time;
a third loading module 450, configured to set a third operating temperature and a second gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually load the fuel cell stack to a second constant current point, and stably operate for a fourth time;
the fourth loading module 460 is configured to set a fourth operating temperature of the fuel cell stack and a third gas metering ratio, gradually load the fuel cell stack to a third constant current point, stably operate for a fifth time, record a voltage change, and complete activation if the voltage of the rated point reaches a preset requirement.
Optionally, the inspection module is further configured to:
and if the air tightness index is not met, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is reassembled until the air tightness index is met.
Optionally, the relative humidity of the humidified air ranges from 60% to 100%;
the relative humidity of the wetted hydrogen ranges from 60% to 100%.
Optionally, the fuel cell stack has 200 sheets with an effective area of 250cm 2 The temperature range of the first working temperature is 40-80 ℃, the second working temperature is 60 ℃, the third working temperature is 70 ℃, and the fourth working temperature is 80 ℃.
Optionally, the first constant current point is 0.5A/cm 2 The second constant current point is 1.0A/cm 2 The third constant current point is 1.2A/cm 2 。
In the embodiment of the disclosure, firstly, whether the air tightness of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell accords with an air tightness index is checked, if so, a cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to a cathode of an electronic load, an anode is connected to an anode of the electronic load, wetted air is introduced into the anode, wetted hydrogen is introduced into the cathode, a first working temperature of the fuel cell stack is set, the electronic load is adjusted to a constant current mode, after loading and running for a first time, load-down and stop are performed, a second time is stabilized, after one-step loading is performed on the cell, the second working temperature and the first gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is loaded to a first constant current point in two steps, a third time is stabilized, the third working temperature and the second gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is gradually loaded to a second constant current point, a fourth time is stabilized, the fourth working temperature and the third gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack are set, the fuel cell stack is gradually loaded to a third constant current point, a fifth time is stabilized, and a preset voltage change is recorded, and if the rated voltage change reaches a rated voltage requirement. Therefore, the requirements of the fuel cell stack on mass production and commercial application, such as long time consumption, large hydrogen consumption, complex process, harsh operation conditions and the like, of the existing activation process of the fuel cell stack can be met, the excitation of the initial performance of the fuel cell stack is realized through a combined method of self-humidifying preactivation and electrorheological discharge activation, the activation time of the fuel cell stack is effectively shortened, the batch offline test efficiency is improved, the method has an important role in guiding the optimization research of the structural design of the fuel cell, and the method has practical significance in the mass production application of the high-power fuel cell stack.
According to embodiments of the present application, there is also provided an electronic device, a readable storage medium and a computer program product.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of activating a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, comprising:
checking whether the air tightness of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell accords with an air tightness index;
if yes, connecting the cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to the cathode of an electronic load, connecting the anode to the anode of the electronic load, introducing wet air into the anode, introducing wet hydrogen into the cathode, and setting a first working temperature of the fuel cell stack;
the electronic load is adjusted to a constant current mode, after the electronic load is loaded and operated for a first time, the electronic load is unloaded and stopped, and the electronic load is stably operated for a second time;
after the batteries are loaded in one step, setting a second working temperature and a first gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, and loading the fuel cell stack to a first constant current point in two steps, so as to stably run for a third time;
setting a third working temperature and a second gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading to a second constant current point, and stably operating for a fourth time;
setting a fourth working temperature and a third gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading to a third constant current point, stably operating for a fifth time, recording voltage change, and completing activation if the voltage of the rated point reaches a preset requirement.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising, after said checking whether the proton exchange membrane fuel cell gas tightness meets a gas tightness index:
and if the air tightness index is not met, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is reassembled until the air tightness index is met.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the probe comprises,
the relative humidity of the moist air ranges from 60% to 100%;
the relative humidity of the wetted hydrogen ranges from 60% to 100%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell stack has 200 sheets with an effective area of 250cm 2 The temperature range of the first working temperature is 40-80 ℃, the second working temperature is 60 ℃, the third working temperature is 70 ℃, and the fourth working temperature is 80 ℃.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first constant current point is 0.5A/cm 2 The second constant current point is 1.0A/cm 2 The third constant current point is 1.2A/cm 2 。
6. An activation device for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, comprising:
the checking module is used for checking whether the air tightness of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell accords with the air tightness index;
the connection module is used for connecting the cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to the negative electrode of the electronic load if the cathode is in line with the negative electrode of the electronic load, connecting the anode to the positive electrode of the electronic load, introducing wet air into the anode, introducing wet hydrogen into the cathode, and setting the first working temperature of the fuel cell stack;
the first loading module is used for adjusting the electronic load to a constant current mode, and after the first time of loading operation, the electronic load is stopped during load reduction and the second time of stable operation;
the second loading module is used for setting a second working temperature and a first gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack after the battery is loaded in one step, carrying out two-step loading on the fuel cell stack to a first constant current point, and stably operating for a third time;
the third loading module is used for setting a third working temperature and a second gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading the second constant current point and stably operating for a fourth time;
and the fourth loading module is used for setting a fourth working temperature and a third gas metering ratio of the fuel cell stack, gradually loading the fuel cell stack to a third constant current point, stably operating for a fifth time, recording voltage change, and completing activation if the voltage of the rated point reaches a preset requirement.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the inspection module is further configured to:
and if the air tightness index is not met, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is reassembled until the air tightness index is met.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein,
the relative humidity of the moist air ranges from 60% to 100%;
the relative humidity of the wetted hydrogen ranges from 60% to 100%.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said fuel cell stack has 200 sheets with an effective area of 250cm 2 The temperature range of the first working temperature is 40-80 ℃, the second working temperature is 60 ℃, the third working temperature is 70 ℃, and the fourth working temperature is 80 ℃.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first constant current point is 0.5A/cm 2 The second constant current point is 1.0A/cm 2 The third constant current point is 1.2A/cm 2 。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410132492.3A CN117895025A (en) | 2024-01-30 | 2024-01-30 | Activation method and device for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410132492.3A CN117895025A (en) | 2024-01-30 | 2024-01-30 | Activation method and device for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117895025A true CN117895025A (en) | 2024-04-16 |
Family
ID=90642636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410132492.3A Pending CN117895025A (en) | 2024-01-30 | 2024-01-30 | Activation method and device for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117895025A (en) |
-
2024
- 2024-01-30 CN CN202410132492.3A patent/CN117895025A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101566594B (en) | A method for inspecting defects of a monolithic membrane electrode group in a fuel cell stack | |
| US9299998B2 (en) | Fuel cell management method | |
| US7955745B2 (en) | Fuel cell system and activation method for fuel cell | |
| CN114024001B (en) | Cathode activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack | |
| CN112670537B (en) | Rapid Activation Method of Metal Bipolar Plate Stacks for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells | |
| CN111916800B (en) | Activation method and application of fuel cell membrane electrode | |
| CN112582652B (en) | A method for monitoring the degree of reversal of proton exchange membrane fuel cells | |
| CN110911714A (en) | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack activation method | |
| US8647784B2 (en) | Fuel cell stack start method preventing cathode deterioration | |
| CN115882009A (en) | Activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack based on alternating-current impedance meter | |
| JP4336182B2 (en) | Operation method of fuel cell system and fuel cell system | |
| US11881604B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US20060051628A1 (en) | Diagnostic method for an electrochemical fuel cell and fuel cell components | |
| Jo et al. | Effects of a hydrogen and air supply procedure on the performance degradation of PEMFCs | |
| CN117895025A (en) | Activation method and device for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack | |
| CN101826622B (en) | Method for prolonging service life of fuel cell by adding redox shuttle pair | |
| KR101724730B1 (en) | Activity measurement method for electrode of fuel cell | |
| CN117855539B (en) | Offline batch activation device and activation method for membrane electrode | |
| US11688867B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| KR102673722B1 (en) | Fuel cell cooling performance measurement test apparatus and method | |
| CN118825325B (en) | Activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell | |
| US20230335764A1 (en) | Method for operating a fuel cell device, the fuel cell device, and a motor vehicle outfitted with a fuel cell device | |
| US20220384824A1 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| JP4498844B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of membrane electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cell | |
| RU2487442C1 (en) | Activation method for membrane electrode assembly |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |