CN117890106A - Fault detection system of wheel set bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of wheel set overhaul, in particular to a fault detection system of a wheel set bearing, which comprises a base, a frame, a wheel set tread driving mechanism, an axial play detection mechanism, a wheel set jacking mechanism and a track wheel pushing mechanism, wherein the base is provided with a wheel set bearing surface; wherein, the wheel set jacking mechanism and the track push wheel mechanism are both arranged on the base; the wheel set jacking mechanism is used for driving the wheel set to move up and down and rotating the outer ring of the bearing of the driving wheel set; the wheel set jacking mechanism comprises a vibration sensor; the track push wheel mechanism comprises two tracks; the two wheel set tread driving mechanisms are arranged on the stand and are respectively positioned above the two tracks; the tread driving mechanism is used for driving the wheels of the wheel pair to rotate; the two axial clearance detection mechanisms are respectively arranged at two sides of the frame; the axial play detection mechanism comprises a clamping mechanism and a measuring mechanism; the clamping mechanism is used for driving the outer ring of the bearing of the wheel pair to move in the axial direction; the measuring mechanism is used for measuring the axial play of the outer ring of the bearing of the wheel set when the outer ring moves in the axial direction.

Description

Fault detection system of wheel set bearing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of wheel set overhaul, in particular to a fault detection system for a wheel set bearing.

Background

In the freight train wheelset income link, need to carry out processes such as the technical state inspection of shaft appearance, bearing state inspection, wheelset size measurement, carry out freight train safety precaution system information check and establish wheel axle card, inspection result will be used for confirming the wheelset and repair the scope. Wherein, need to judge the bearing repair according to the bearing fault detection result. The bearing fault detection comprises two parts, namely bearing defect detection and bearing axial clearance detection. At present, the detection of the income link of the truck segment wheel repair pair is basically finished by manpower, and the detection method is as follows:

bearing defect detection: the working state and damage condition of the bearing are detected by simple instruments such as a listening stick.

Bearing axial play detects: ① Checking by using a clearance gauge, confirming the maximum load part of the rolling bearing, and plugging the clearance gauge between the rolling body forming 180 degrees with the clearance gauge and an outer (inner) ring, wherein the thickness of the clearance gauge with proper tightness is the axial clearance of the bearing. ② Checking by using a dial indicator, firstly zeroing the dial indicator, then jacking up the outer ring of the rolling bearing, and taking the readings of the dial indicator as the axial play of the bearing. However, the force applied to the crow bar cannot be excessive, otherwise the housing is elastically deformed, even if the deformation is small, which also affects the accuracy of the measured axial play.

The existing bearing fault detection method mainly adopts a manual detection method, has various defects and large errors, and is inconsistent in manual detection standard, low in detection efficiency and difficult to trace.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a fault detection system for a wheel pair bearing, which aims to improve the efficiency and accuracy of bearing fault detection, prevent the expansion of bearing faults and ensure the normal operation of a wagon wheel pair.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A fault detection system of a wheel set bearing comprises a base, a frame, a wheel set tread driving mechanism, an axial play detection mechanism, a wheel set jacking mechanism and a track push wheel mechanism; wherein the frame is arranged on the base; the wheel set jacking mechanism and the track push wheel mechanism are both arranged on the base and positioned below the frame; the wheel set jacking mechanism is used for driving the wheel set to move up and down and driving the outer ring of the bearing of the wheel set to rotate; the wheel set jacking mechanism comprises a vibration sensor, wherein the vibration sensor is used for being in contact with a bearing of a wheel set; the track push wheel mechanism comprises two tracks; the two wheel set tread driving mechanisms are arranged on the stand and are respectively positioned above the two tracks; the tread driving mechanism is used for driving wheels of the wheel pair to rotate; the two axial clearance detection mechanisms are respectively arranged at two sides of the frame; the axial clearance detection mechanism comprises a clamping mechanism and a measuring mechanism; the clamping mechanism is used for driving the outer ring of the bearing of the wheel pair to move in the axial direction; the measuring mechanism is used for measuring the axial play of the outer ring of the bearing of the wheel set when the outer ring moves in the axial direction.

In some embodiments, the track push wheel mechanism further comprises a positioning mechanism disposed corresponding to each of the tracks; the positioning mechanism comprises an arc-shaped swing rod and a first telescopic mechanism; the bending direction of the arc-shaped swing rod is upward, and the middle part of the arc-shaped swing rod is hinged to the track; one end of the first telescopic mechanism is hinged with the base, and the other end of the first telescopic mechanism is hinged with one end of the arc-shaped swing rod.

In some embodiments, the track push wheel mechanism further comprises a swing mechanism disposed corresponding to each of the tracks; the swing mechanism comprises a swing arm, a rebound piece and a stop block; the non-end part of the swing arm is hinged to the track; one end of the rebound piece is connected with the track, the other end of the rebound piece is connected with the lower end of the swing arm, and the rebound piece provides a pulling force for the swing arm; the stop block is arranged on the track; when the swing arm is in an initial state, the lower end of the swing arm is abutted against the stop block under the action of the tension of the rebound piece; when the wheel set moves along the track and presses down the swing arm, the swing arm can be restored to an initial state under the action of the rebound piece.

In some embodiments, the track push wheel mechanism further comprises a limiting mechanism arranged corresponding to each track entry end, and the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting block and a second telescopic mechanism; the lower end of the limiting block is hinged to the track and can rotate along the direction perpendicular to the track; the second telescopic mechanism is arranged on the track and used for driving the limiting block to rotate.

In some embodiments, the wheel set jacking mechanism comprises two lifting parts, wherein the lifting parts comprise a mounting seat, a lifting pillar, a second support, a driving wheel, a second driving mechanism, a driven wheel and the vibration sensor; the mounting seat is mounted on the base; the second support is arranged on the mounting seat through the lifting support; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged on the second support at intervals; the second driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the driving wheel; the vibration sensor is mounted on the second support.

In some embodiments, the wheel set tread driving mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a limiting plate, a supporting plate, a connecting plate, a bracket, a driving wheel, a rotation driving mechanism, a driven wheel, an elastic assembly, a guide post and a third linear guide rail; the mounting plate, the limiting plate, the supporting plate, the connecting plate and the bracket are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the third linear guide rail is arranged between the mounting plate and the limiting plate; the elastic component is connected between the supporting plate and the connecting plate; the upper end of the guide post is connected with the limiting plate; the supporting plate and the connecting plate are movably sleeved on the guide post; the top of the bracket is connected with the connecting plate; the driving rotating wheel and the driven rotating wheel are arranged at the bottom of the bracket at intervals; the rotation driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the driving rotating wheel.

In some embodiments, the wheel set tread driving mechanism comprises a first distance measuring sensor and a calibration block which are matched with each other for use; the first ranging sensor is mounted on the support plate; the calibration block is mounted on the connecting plate.

In some embodiments, the clamping mechanism comprises a fixed seat, a base, a cross beam, a second linear drive mechanism and a clamping portion; the fixed seat is connected to the frame; the base is connected to the fixing seat in a sliding manner; the cross beam is perpendicular to the base and connected to one end of the base; the two clamping parts are connected to the cross beam in a sliding manner; the second linear driving mechanism is connected between the two clamping parts; the measuring mechanism comprises a second distance measuring sensor, and the measuring direction of the second distance measuring sensor is aligned with the position between the two clamping parts.

In some embodiments, the grip portion includes a first abutment, an elastic member, and a jaw; the upper end of the first support is connected to the cross beam in a sliding manner; the clamping jaw is hinged to the first support; the elastic piece is connected between the upper end of the clamping jaw and the upper end of the first support.

In some embodiments, the measurement mechanism further comprises a slip guide rail and an extension rack; the sliding table guide rail is arranged on the frame; one end of the extension frame is connected to the sliding table of the sliding table guide rail, and the second distance measuring sensor is installed at the other end of the extension frame.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: when the invention is used, firstly, the wheel set is pushed in along two tracks of the track wheel pushing mechanism, when the wheel set is positioned below the frame, the clamping mechanism in the axial clearance detection mechanism clamps the outer ring of the bearing of the wheel set and drives the outer ring of the bearing to reciprocate in the axial direction, and in the process, the measuring mechanism is aligned with the outer ring of the bearing to measure the axial clearance. And after the axial clearance of the bearing is measured, the axial clearance detection mechanism is separated from contact with the bearing. And then lifting the wheel pair by a wheel pair lifting mechanism. When the tread of the wheel set contacts with the tread driving mechanism of the wheel set, the wheel set jacking mechanism stops lifting. Then, the wheel set tread driving mechanism drives the wheels to rotate, and the vibration sensor in the wheel set jacking mechanism detects the defects of the bearings. After the defect detection is finished, the wheel set tread driving mechanism stops driving the wheels to rotate, then the wheel set is lowered onto a track of the track pushing wheel mechanism by the wheel set jacking mechanism, and then the wheel set is pushed out, so that the axial play detection and the defect detection of the bearing of one wheel set are finished. The whole detection process is completed by mechanical equipment, the detection efficiency and accuracy are greatly improved, the expansion of bearing faults can be prevented as much as possible, and the normal operation of the wagon wheel pair is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic elevational view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a wheel set tread driving mechanism in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic elevational view of the tread driving mechanism of the wheel set of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a wheel set tread driving mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the cross-section in the direction A-A in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the axial play detecting mechanism of the present invention when mounted on a frame.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the clamping mechanism in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a beam and two clamping portions in the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the measuring mechanism in the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a wheel set lifting mechanism in the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a track push wheel mechanism in the present invention.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged schematic view of the area B in fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is an enlarged schematic view of the area C in fig. 12.

The definitions of the various numbers in the figures are: the base 1, the frame 2, the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3, the mounting plate 31, the limiting plate 32, the supporting plate 33, the connecting plate 34, the bracket 35, the driving wheel 361, the rotation driving mechanism 3611, the driven wheel 362, the first rotary encoder 3621, the third linear guide 37, the limiting assembly 38, the guide post 39, the elastic assembly 310, the first ranging sensor 3111, the calibration block 3112, the proximity sensor 3121, the positioning block 3122, the axial play detecting mechanism 4, the measuring mechanism 41, the slide guide 411, the extension frame 412, the second ranging sensor 413, the clamping mechanism 42, the fixing base 421, the base 422, the first linear driving mechanism 423, the first linear guide 424, the cross beam 425, the second linear guide 426, the second linear driving mechanism 427, the clamping portion 428, the first mount 4281, the elastic member 4282, the clamping jaw 4283, the wheel set jacking mechanism 5, the first driving mechanism 51, the synchromesh gearbox 52, the transmission shaft 53, the mounting seat 54, the lifting strut 55, the second support 56, the driving wheel 57, the second driving mechanism 58, the driven wheel 59, the second rotary encoder 510, the vibration sensor 511, the track push wheel mechanism 6, the track 61, the first telescopic mechanism 621, the arc swing link 622, the support shaft 623, the swing arm 631, the rebound member 632, the stopper 633, the stopper 641, the third support 642, the second telescopic mechanism 643, the fourth support 644, the wheel set 7, the bearing 71, and the wheel 72.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of first, second, etc. terms, if any, are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fault detection system for a wheel set bearing according to the embodiment of the application comprises a base 1, a frame 2, a wheel set tread driving mechanism 3, an axial clearance detection mechanism 4, a wheel set jacking mechanism 5 and a track push wheel mechanism 6.

For convenience of description, a space rectangular coordinate system shown in the drawings is introduced to illustrate related structures of the embodiment of the present application, wherein a direction shown by an X axis is a rear direction, a direction shown by a Y axis is a left direction, and a direction shown by a Z axis is an upper direction.

Wherein, the frame 2 can be a portal frame or a portal frame, which comprises a cross beam and two upright posts, and is used as a supporting and installing foundation of the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3 and the axial clearance detecting mechanism 4. The lower ends of the two stand columns of the frame 2 are directly arranged on the base 1.

The wheel set jacking mechanism 5 and the track push wheel mechanism 6 are both arranged on the base 1 and positioned below the frame 2.

The wheel set jacking mechanism 5 is used for driving the wheel set 7 to vertically perform lifting motion and driving the outer ring of the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7 to rotate. The wheel set jacking mechanism 5 includes a vibration sensor 511, and the vibration sensor 511 is used for flexibly contacting with the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7, so as to detect defects of the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7.

The track push wheel mechanism 6 comprises two tracks 61 to serve as a supporting foundation for two wheels 72 of the wheel set 7, respectively.

The two wheel set tread driving mechanisms 3 are mounted on the stand 2 and are respectively located above the two rails 61, and the tread driving mechanisms 3 are used for driving the wheels 72 of the wheel set 7 to rotate.

The two axial play detection mechanisms 4 are respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the frame 2. The axial play detection mechanism 4 includes a holding mechanism 42 for moving the outer race of the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7 in the axial direction, and a measuring mechanism 41 for measuring the axial play when the outer race of the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7 moves in the axial direction.

The application process of the embodiment of the application is as follows: firstly, the wheel set 7 is pushed in along the two rails 61 of the rail wheel pushing mechanism 6, when the wheel set 7 is positioned below the frame 2, the clamping mechanism 42 in the axial clearance detection mechanism 4 clamps the outer ring of the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7 and drives the outer ring of the bearing 71 to reciprocate in the axial direction, and in the process, the measuring mechanism 41 is aligned with the outer ring of the bearing 71 to measure the axial clearance. After the axial play of the bearing 71 is measured, the axial play detection mechanism 4 is out of contact with the bearing 71. Then, the wheel set 7 is lifted upward by the wheel set lifting mechanism 5. When the tread of the wheel 72 of the wheel set 7 contacts the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3, the wheel set jacking mechanism 5 stops lifting. Then, the wheel 72 is driven to rotate by the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3, and the bearing 71 is subjected to defect detection by the vibration sensor 511 in the wheel set lifting mechanism 5. After the defect detection is completed, the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3 stops driving the wheels 72 to rotate, then the wheel set 7 is lowered onto the track 61 of the track pushing wheel mechanism 6 by the wheel set jacking mechanism 5, and then the wheel set 7 is pushed out, so that the axial play detection and the defect detection of the bearing 71 of one wheel set 7 are completed. The whole detection process is completed by mechanical equipment, the detection efficiency and accuracy are greatly improved, the expansion of bearing faults can be prevented as much as possible, and the normal operation of the wagon wheel pair is ensured.

As shown in fig. 3-6, the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3 according to the embodiment of the present application includes a support plate 33, an elastic assembly 310, a connecting plate 34, a bracket 35, a driving wheel 361, a driven wheel 362, and a rotation driving mechanism 3611.

Wherein, the supporting plate 33 and the connecting plate 34 are both horizontally arranged, and the supporting plate 33 is positioned above the connecting plate 34. The support plate 33 may be mounted directly to the frame 2. The elastic member 310 is connected between the support plate 33 and the connection plate 34.

The top of the bracket 35 is connected to the bottom of the connection plate 34, and the lower part of the bracket 35 has legs protruding forward and backward, respectively, on which the driving wheel 361 and the driven wheel 362 are mounted, respectively, with a certain distance between the driving wheel 361 and the driven wheel 362 so that the driving wheel 361 and the driven wheel 362 can simultaneously contact the tread of the wheel 72 of the wheel set 7.

The rotation driving mechanism 3611 is in transmission connection with the driving wheel 361, so as to drive the driving wheel 361 to rotate, and further drive the wheel 72 centered by the driving wheel to rotate.

According to the embodiment of the application, the driving rotating wheel 361 is driven to rotate by the rotation driving mechanism 3611 so as to drive the wheels 72 in the wheel pair 7 to rotate, so that the manual driving efficiency is higher, the manual driving is more convenient and labor-saving, and the maintenance efficiency of the wheel pair can be greatly improved; the driving rotating wheel 361 and the driven rotating wheel 362 which are arranged at intervals can be contacted with two treads at the top of the wheel 72 so as to increase the driving stability; the spring assembly 310 provides downward loading pressure to the web 34 to increase friction of the driving pulley 361 and the driven pulley 362 against the wheel 72 to prevent slippage. In addition, the elastic component 310 can load the wheel set 7, so that the fault characteristics of the wheel set are more obvious, and the defect detection of the bearing 71 by the vibration sensor 511 is facilitated. In order to better detect the defects of the bearing 71, it is generally necessary to collect data once every 120 ° of rotation of the outer ring of the bearing 71 for diagnosis, and the detection result is the best as the final result.

In some embodiments, the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3 according to the embodiment of the present application may further include a limiting plate 32 and a guide post 39. The limiting plate 32 is horizontally disposed above the supporting plate 33, and at this time, the limiting plate 32 may be directly mounted on the frame 2 instead of the supporting plate 33. The upper end of the guide post 39 is connected with the limiting plate 32, and the supporting plate 33 and the connecting plate 34 are movably sleeved on the guide post 39. A plurality of guide posts 39 may be provided, for example, one guide post 39 at each of four corner positions. The main function of the guide post 39 is to provide a moving guide for the support plate 33 and the connection plate 34 to move up and down only in the vertical direction.

The wheel set tread driving mechanism 3 according to the embodiment of the present application may further include a mounting plate 31 and a third linear guide 37. The mounting plate 31 is slidably connected to the upper side of the limiting plate 32 through the third linear guide 37. The sliding direction of the third linear guide 37 is parallel to the connecting line direction (i.e., the front-rear direction) of the driving pulley 361 and the driven pulley 362, i.e., perpendicular to the axial direction of the axle of the wheel set 7. This is to be the case, when the tread driving mechanism 3 of the wheel set according to the embodiment of the present application is not aligned with the highest point of the wheel 72 of the wheel set 7, if the driving wheel 361 and the driven wheel 362 are in contact with the wheel 72, only one wheel may be in contact with the tread of the wheel 72, i.e. one wheel 361 or the driven wheel 362 is in contact with the tread of the wheel 72, and the other wheel is not in contact with the tread of the wheel 72, which may cause the tread driving mechanism 3 to be not aligned with the wheel 72 well, and thus the wheel 72 may not be driven to rotate or slip. Therefore, in order to prevent this, after the third linear guide 37 and the mounting plate 31 are added, when the tread driving mechanism 3 is not aligned with the highest point of the wheels 72 of the wheel set 7, the tread driving mechanism 3 will cause the limiting plate 32 to move along the third linear guide 37 relative to the mounting plate 31 in the process of approaching the wheels 72, so that the driving wheel 361 and the driven wheel 362 can be automatically adjusted to be in contact with the tread of the wheels 72 at the same time to ensure driving stability. In addition, the mounting plate 31 at this time may also serve as a mounting base for the entire drive mechanism so as to mount the entire drive mechanism to the top of the frame 2.

In order to prevent the limiting plate 32 from excessively moving along the third linear guide 37 relative to the mounting plate 31, the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3 according to the embodiment of the present application may further include a limiting assembly 38, where the limiting assembly 38 is disposed between the mounting plate 31 and the limiting plate 32, and is used for preventing the mounting plate 31 from sliding beyond a preset distance relative to the limiting plate 32. The stop assembly 38 may be a pair of cooperating stops and may be disposed at the ends of the mounting plate 31 and stop plate 32, respectively.

As previously described, the spring assembly 310 primarily provides downward loading pressure to the web 34 to increase friction of the driving pulley 361 and the driven pulley 362 against the wheel 72. Here, the elastic member 310 may be a plurality of springs disposed side by side, and the springs are preferably in a pre-pressed state to ensure that elastic force can be always provided.

The rotational drive mechanism 3611 may be a combination of a servo motor and a decelerator. In addition, a first rotary encoder 3621 may be mounted on the driven wheel 362, and the first rotary encoder 3621 may convert the rotation angle and rotation speed of the wheel 72 by detecting the rotation angle of the driven wheel 362.

In order to further improve the safety and the automation degree of the embodiment of the application, the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3 according to the embodiment of the application may further comprise a first distance measuring sensor 3111 and a calibration block 3112 which are matched for use. Wherein the first ranging sensor 3111 is mounted on the support plate 33, and the calibration block 3112 is mounted on the connection plate 34. During the gradual approach of tread driving mechanism 3 to wheels 72, web 34 will gradually move up and compress spring assembly 310 as drive wheel 361 and driven wheel 362 contact wheels 72, and support plate 33 will also move up due to the compression of spring assembly 310. When the top of the supporting plate 33 contacts with the limiting plate 32, the elastic component 310 is further pressed, and meanwhile, the distance between the connecting plate 34 and the supporting plate 33 is gradually reduced along with the pressing of the elastic component 310, and at this time, the distance between the connecting plate 34 and the supporting plate 33 is detected by the first ranging sensor 3111 and the calibration block 3112, so that the pressing force generated by the elastic component 310 can be obtained in a conversion manner, and the contact friction force between the driving wheel 361 and the driven wheel 362 and the wheel 72 can be obtained in a conversion manner. When the friction is appropriate, the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3 is not moved further toward the wheel 72, but the rotation driving mechanism 3611 may be turned on to drive the wheel 72 to rotate. The lifting distance can also be preset in advance according to the wheel sets 7 with different specifications, that is, the compression distance of the elastic component 310 and the friction force generated by the compression distance can be determined in advance by the process.

Correspondingly, the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3 according to the embodiment of the present application may further include a proximity sensor 3121 and a positioning block 3122 that are used in a matched manner. Wherein the proximity sensor 3121 is mounted on the support plate 33, and the positioning block 3122 is mounted on the connection plate 34. In the above process, in order to prevent damage to the apparatus due to an unexpected situation in which the distance between the connection plate 34 and the support plate 33 is too small, the distance between the proximity sensor 3121 and the positioning block 3122 may be defined. The trigger distance between the proximity sensor 3121 and the positioning block 3122 is set to a value suitable for friction, and when the proximity sensor 3121 and the positioning block 3122 are triggered, the stop movement operation is directly triggered to secure safety.

As shown in fig. 7, the axial play detection mechanism 4 according to the embodiment of the present application includes a clamping mechanism 42 and a measurement mechanism 41.

As shown in fig. 8, the clamping mechanism 42 basically includes a base 422, a cross beam 425 and a clamping portion 428. The base 422 is horizontally disposed on the column of the frame 2 in the left-right direction, and the base 422 is slidably connected to the column of the frame 2 and is free to slide in the left-right direction on the column of the frame 2 to adjust the position of the clamping portion 428 in the left-right direction, thereby driving the outer race of the bearing 71 to move in the axial direction. The cross member 425 is disposed in the front-rear direction and connected to the inner end of the base 422. Two clamping portions 428 are slidably connected to the bottom of the cross member 425, and the clamping portions 428 can slide freely along the length direction (i.e., the front-rear direction) of the cross member 425 to clamp the outer race of the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7.

The measuring mechanism 41 is also mounted on the upright of the frame 2. The measuring mechanism 41 includes a second distance measuring sensor 413, and the measuring direction of the second distance measuring sensor 413 is aligned at a position between the two holding portions 428.

In the embodiment of the application, the outer ring of the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7 is clamped by two clamping parts 428, and the outer ring of the bearing 71 is driven to move in the axial direction by the movable base 422; meanwhile, the axial play of the bearing 71 in this process is detected by the second distance measuring sensor 413. The whole process is simple and efficient, the operation is convenient, the result is accurate, and the detection efficiency of the axial clearance of the wheel set bearing can be improved. In addition, the corresponding detection data can be stored so as to be convenient for tracing and query verification. In general, the axial play measurement of the bearing can be obtained by performing a push-pull operation on the outer ring of the bearing, obtaining two measurement values by the second distance measuring sensor 413, and performing a comparative analysis.

As shown in fig. 9, the clamping portion 428 may include a first pedestal 4281 and a clamping jaw 4283. The upper end of the first mount 4281 is slidably coupled to the cross member 425. The clamping jaw 4283 may be mounted to a lower end of the first mount 4281. Here, the first mount 4281 extends in a substantially arc shape mainly for increasing the distance between the two clamping jaws 4283 so that a larger size bearing can be clamped between the two clamping jaws 4283.

For bearings of different dimensions, the clamping portion 428 according to the embodiments of the application may further include an elastic member 4282 to enable the two clamping jaws 4283 to clamp the center of the bearing as much as possible. At this time, the clamping jaw 4283 may be hinged to the lower end of the first support 4281, and the elastic member 4282 is connected between the upper end of the clamping jaw 4283 and the upper end of the first support 4281. The elastic member 4282 may be an elastic material such as a spring, a rubber band, etc., and through the elastic member 4282, when the two clamping jaws 4283 clamp bearings with different sizes and specifications, the clamping jaws 4283 can automatically rotate around their hinge points under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member 4282 to clamp the bearing at the center, so as to ensure stable clamping.

In addition, V-shaped grooves may be formed on the clamping jaw 4283, and the V-shaped grooves of the two clamping jaws 4283 may be disposed opposite to each other, so as to have a certain guiding and centering effect when clamping the outer ring of the bearing 71.

As an alternative embodiment, the two clamping portions 428 may be connected by a second linear driving mechanism 427, where the second linear driving mechanism 427 is used to drive the two clamping portions 428 to move towards or away from each other. Here, the second linear driving mechanism 427 may be any one of a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, an electric telescopic cylinder, and a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or may be another mechanism capable of performing linear telescopic operation, for example, a rack-and-pinion mechanism, a screw-and-nut mechanism, or the like.

In addition, as an alternative embodiment, the beam 425 and the clamping part 428 may slide relatively along a second linear guide 426.

As shown in fig. 8, the clamping mechanism 42 according to the embodiment of the present application may further include a fixing seat 421 and a first linear driving mechanism 423. The fixing seat 421 is horizontally disposed along the left-right direction and is fixedly connected to the upright post of the frame 2. The base 422 is slidably connected to the fixing seat 421. The first linear driving mechanism 423 is connected between the fixing seat 421 and the base 422, and the first linear driving mechanism 423 is used for driving the base 422 to reciprocate on the fixing seat 421. Similar to the second linear driving mechanism 427, the first linear driving mechanism 423 may be any one of a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, an electric telescopic cylinder, and a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or may be another mechanism capable of performing linear telescopic operation, such as a rack-and-pinion mechanism, a screw-and-nut mechanism, and the like.

Similarly, the fixed seat 421 and the base 422 can also slide relatively through the first linear guide 424.

As shown in fig. 10, the measuring mechanism 41 may further include a slide rail 411 and an extension rack 412. The sliding table guide rail 411 is vertically arranged and fixedly installed on the upright post of the frame 2. One end (i.e., the outer end) of the extension frame 412 is connected to the sliding table of the sliding table guide rail 411, the sliding table guide rail 411 may drive the extension frame 412 to move vertically through the sliding table thereof, and the second distance measuring sensor 413 is mounted at the other end (i.e., the inner end) of the extension frame 412. The second distance measuring sensor 413 may be a laser distance measuring sensor, and the second distance measuring sensor 413 changes its position in the vertical direction through the sliding table guide rail 411 to adapt to measuring bearings of different specifications and sizes. A protective cover can be further installed on the extension frame 412 to cover the second ranging sensor 413, so as to protect the second ranging sensor 413 from being damaged by impact, and ensure the detection precision.

As previously mentioned, the clamping mechanism 42 and the measuring mechanism 41 may be mounted on both uprights of the frame 2 to simultaneously detect the axial play of the bearings 71 on both sides of the wheel set 7.

As shown in fig. 11, the wheel set lifting mechanism 5 according to the embodiment of the present application includes two lifting portions, which are respectively and correspondingly disposed below the bearings 71 at both ends of the wheel set 7, that is, below the two wheel set tread driving mechanisms 3. The lifting part comprises a mounting seat 54, a lifting strut 55, a second support 56, a driving wheel 57, a second driving mechanism 58, a driven wheel 59 and the vibration sensor 511. The mounting base 54 is mounted on the base 1. The second support 56 is mounted on the mounting base 54 through the lifting support 55, that is, the second support 56 can realize lifting movement in the vertical direction through the lifting support 55 to drive the wheel pair 7 to lift. The driving wheel 57 and the driven wheel 59 are installed on the second support 56 at intervals, the second driving mechanism 58 is in transmission connection with the driving wheel 57, and the driving wheel 57 and the driven wheel 59 are used for contacting with the outer ring of the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7 and driving the outer ring of the bearing 71 to rotate. The vibration sensor 511 is mounted on the second support 56.

In addition, a second rotary encoder 510 may be mounted on the driven wheel 59 to measure rotational data of the driven wheel 59, thereby indirectly obtaining rotational data of the bearing 71.

The vibration sensor 511 may also be mounted on the second support 56 between the driving wheel 57 and the driven wheel 59 by a lifting mechanism (e.g. a pneumatic cylinder) which may adjust the height of the vibration sensor 511 to facilitate its flexible contact with the bearing 71 of the wheel set 7.

In order to ensure that the two lifting portions can synchronously lift the bearings 71 at two ends of the wheel set 7, the wheel set jacking mechanism 5 according to the embodiment of the present application may further include a first driving mechanism 51, a synchronous gearbox 52 and a transmission shaft 53. The first driving mechanism 51 may be a servo motor, and is mounted on the base 1. The first driving mechanism 51 is in transmission connection with the synchronous gear box 52, and the left and right sides of the synchronous gear box 52 are respectively in transmission connection with lifting struts 55 in the two lifting parts through a transmission shaft 53. The synchronous gearbox 52 can ensure the consistency of the rotation speeds output from two sides through the combination of a plurality of gears. The drive shaft 53 and the lifting support 55 can be connected in a driving manner by means of a mechanism, for example a worm gear, ensuring that the rotational movement of the drive shaft 53 can be converted into a lifting movement of the lifting support 55.

As shown in fig. 12, the track push wheel mechanism 6 according to the embodiment of the present application further includes two positioning mechanisms, which are respectively disposed on the two tracks 61. The positioning mechanism comprises an arc-shaped swing rod 622 and a first telescopic mechanism 621. The curved swing rod 622 is upwards in the bending direction and is hinged to the track 61 at the middle part, and the curved swing rod 622 is positioned below the wheel set tread driving mechanism 3. One end of the first telescopic mechanism 621 is hinged to the base 1, and the other end is hinged to one end of the arc-shaped swing rod 622.

When the wheel set 7 enters the track 61 from the back to the front, the arc-shaped swing link 622 is in a substantially horizontal state, and the highest point thereof is located below the top surface of the track 61, so as to avoid interference with the wheel set 7. When the wheel set 7 is located above the arc-shaped swing rod 622, the first telescopic mechanism 621 acts to enable the rear end of the arc-shaped swing rod 622 to descend and the front end to rise, at this time, the wheel set 7 is blocked by the front end of the arc-shaped swing rod 622 and cannot move forwards any more, and at the same time, the wheel set jacking mechanism 5 can drive the wheel set 7 to ascend to perform detection work. When the detection is completed, the first telescopic mechanism 621 acts to lift the rear end of the arc-shaped swing rod 622, the front end descends, and the wheel set 7 is pushed forward by the rear end of the arc-shaped swing rod 622.

A support shaft 623 may be additionally installed between the two rails 61 to enhance the structural strength of the whole rail push wheel mechanism 6, and the support shaft 623 may also serve as a rotation support bar for the arc-shaped swing link 622.

In addition, as shown in fig. 13, the track push wheel mechanism 6 according to the embodiment of the present application may further include two swinging mechanisms, which are also provided on the two tracks 61, respectively, and the swinging mechanisms are located at the rear side of the positioning mechanism. The swing mechanism includes a swing arm 631, a rebound member 632, and a stopper 633. The non-end of the swing arm 631 is hinged to the track 61. One end of the resilient member 632 is connected to the rail 61, and the other end is connected to the front side of the lower end of the swing arm 631, and the resilient member 632 is configured to provide a forward pulling force to the lower end of the swing arm 631. The stopper 633 is provided on the rail 61 and is located in front of the lower end of the swing arm 631. When the swing arm 631 is in the initial state, the lower end of the swing arm 631 abuts against the stop 633 under the tension of the resilient member 632, and at this time, the upper end of the swing arm 631 is higher than the upper surface of the rail 61. When the wheel set 7 moves from back to front along the track 61 and presses down the swing arm 631, the swing arm 631 can be restored to the original state under the action of the resilient member 632, and the front end of the arc swing link 622 clamp the wheel 72 of the wheel set 7 together, so as to prevent the wheel 72 of the wheel set 7 from moving on the track 61.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 14, the track wheel mechanism 6 according to the embodiment of the present application may further include two limiting mechanisms, which are also disposed on the two tracks 61 and located at the rear ends of the tracks 61, respectively. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting block 641 and a second telescopic mechanism 643. The lower end of the stopper 641 is hinged to the rail 61 through a third support 642 and is rotatable in a direction perpendicular to the rail 61, and when the stopper 641 is in a completely vertical state, the upper end of the stopper 641 protrudes beyond the upper surface of the rail 61. The second telescopic mechanism 643 is obliquely mounted on the side surface of the rail 61 through a fourth support 644, and the movable end of the second telescopic mechanism 643 is hinged to the limiting block 641 to drive the limiting block 641 to rotate in the direction perpendicular to the rail 61.

The primary function of the limiting mechanism is to prevent other wheel sets 7 from entering the track 61. When the wheel set 7 needs to enter the track 61, the second telescopic mechanism 643 drives the stopper 641 to overturn downwards below the upper surface of the track 61, and at this time, the wheel set 7 can smoothly enter the track 61. After that, the second telescopic mechanism 643 drives the limiting block 641 to turn upwards until the upper end of the limiting block 641 is positioned on the upper surface of the rail 61, so that other wheel sets 7 can be prevented from entering the rail 61.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above-described preferred embodiments should not be construed as limiting the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fault detection system of wheel pair bearing which characterized in that: comprises a base (1), a frame (2), a wheel set tread driving mechanism (3), an axial play detection mechanism (4), a wheel set jacking mechanism (5) and a track push wheel mechanism (6);

wherein the frame (2) is arranged on the base (1);

the wheel set jacking mechanism (5) and the track push wheel mechanism (6) are both arranged on the base (1) and positioned below the frame (2);

The wheel set jacking mechanism (5) is used for driving the wheel set (7) to move up and down and driving the outer ring of the bearing (71) of the wheel set (7) to rotate; the wheel set jacking mechanism (5) comprises a vibration sensor (511), wherein the vibration sensor (511) is used for being in contact with a bearing (71) of the wheel set (7);

the track push wheel mechanism (6) comprises two tracks (61);

The two wheel set tread driving mechanisms (3) are arranged on the stand (2) and are respectively positioned above the two tracks (61); the tread driving mechanism (3) is used for driving wheels (72) of the wheel pair (7) to rotate;

The two axial clearance detection mechanisms (4) are respectively arranged at two sides of the frame (2); the axial play detection mechanism (4) comprises a clamping mechanism (42) and a measuring mechanism (41); the clamping mechanism (42) is used for driving the outer ring of the bearing (71) of the wheel pair (7) to move in the axial direction; the measuring mechanism (41) is used for measuring the axial play of the outer ring of the bearing (71) of the wheel set (7) when the outer ring moves in the axial direction.

2. A wheel set bearing failure detection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the track push wheel mechanism (6) further comprises a positioning mechanism arranged corresponding to each track (61);

the positioning mechanism comprises an arc-shaped swing rod (622) and a first telescopic mechanism (621); the bending direction of the arc-shaped swing rod (622) is upward, and the middle part of the arc-shaped swing rod is hinged to the track (61); one end of the first telescopic mechanism (621) is hinged with the base (1), and the other end of the first telescopic mechanism is hinged with one end of the arc-shaped swing rod (622).

3. A wheel set bearing failure detection system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the track push wheel mechanism (6) further comprises a swinging mechanism arranged corresponding to each track (61); the swing mechanism comprises a swing arm (631), a rebound piece (632) and a stop block (633); the non-end of the swing arm (631) is hinged on the track (61); one end of the rebound piece (632) is connected with the track (61), the other end of the rebound piece is connected with the lower end of the swing arm (631), and the rebound piece (632) provides a pulling force for the swing arm (631); the stop block (633) is arranged on the track (61); when the swing arm (631) is in an initial state, the lower end of the swing arm (631) is abutted against the stop block (633) under the action of the tension of the rebound piece (632); when the wheel set (7) moves along the track (61) and presses down the swing arm (631), the swing arm (631) can be restored to the initial state under the action of the rebound member (632).

4. A wheel set bearing failure detection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the track pushing wheel mechanism (6) further comprises a limiting mechanism arranged corresponding to the inlet end of each track (61), and the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting block (641) and a second telescopic mechanism (643); the lower end of the limiting block (641) is hinged to the track (61) and can rotate along the direction perpendicular to the track (61); the second telescopic mechanism (643) is installed on the track (61) and used for driving the limiting block (641) to rotate.

5. A wheel set bearing failure detection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wheel set jacking mechanism (5) comprises two lifting parts, wherein each lifting part comprises a mounting seat (54), a lifting pillar (55), a second support (56), a driving wheel (57), a second driving mechanism (58), a driven wheel (59) and the vibration sensor (511); the mounting seat (54) is mounted on the base (1); the second support (56) is mounted on the mounting seat (54) through the lifting support (55); the driving wheel (57) and the driven wheel (59) are arranged on the second support (56) at intervals; the second driving mechanism (58) is in transmission connection with the driving wheel (57); the vibration sensor (511) is mounted on the second mount (56).

6. A wheel set bearing failure detection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wheel set tread driving mechanism (3) comprises a mounting plate (31), a limiting plate (32), a supporting plate (33), a connecting plate (34), a bracket (35), a driving rotating wheel (361), a rotation driving mechanism (3611), a driven rotating wheel (362), an elastic assembly (310), a guide column (39) and a third linear guide rail (37);

The mounting plate (31), the limiting plate (32), the supporting plate (33), the connecting plate (34) and the bracket (35) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;

The third linear guide rail (37) is arranged between the mounting plate (31) and the limiting plate (32);

The elastic component (310) is connected between the supporting plate (33) and the connecting plate (34);

the upper end of the guide post (39) is connected with the limiting plate (32); the supporting plate (33) and the connecting plate (34) are movably sleeved on the guide post (39);

The top of the bracket (35) is connected with the connecting plate (34); the driving rotating wheel (361) and the driven rotating wheel (362) are arranged at the bottom of the bracket (35) at intervals;

the rotation driving mechanism (3611) is in transmission connection with the driving rotating wheel (361).

7. A wheel set bearing failure detection system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the wheel set tread driving mechanism (3) comprises a first distance measuring sensor (3111) and a calibration block (3112) which are matched with each other for use; the first distance measuring sensor (3111) is mounted on the support plate (33); the calibration block (3112) is mounted to the connection plate (34).

8. A wheel set bearing failure detection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the clamping mechanism (42) comprises a fixed seat (421), a base (422), a cross beam (425), a second linear driving mechanism (427) and a clamping part (428);

The fixed seat (421) is connected to the frame (2);

the base (422) is connected to the fixed seat (421) in a sliding way;

The cross beam (425) is perpendicular to the base (422) and is connected to one end of the base (422);

Two of the clamping portions (428) are slidably connected to the cross beam (425); the second linear driving mechanism (427) is connected between the two clamping parts (428);

The measuring mechanism (41) comprises a second distance measuring sensor (413), and the measuring direction of the second distance measuring sensor (413) is aligned with the position between the two clamping parts (428).

9. A wheel set bearing failure detection system as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the clamping part (428) comprises a first support (4281), an elastic piece (4282) and a clamping jaw (4283); the upper end of the first support (4281) is connected to the cross beam (425) in a sliding manner; -said jaw (4283) being hinged to said first seat (4281); the elastic member (4282) is connected between an upper end of the clamping jaw (4283) and an upper end of the first mount (4281).

10. A wheel set bearing failure detection system as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the measuring mechanism (41) further comprises a sliding table guide rail (411) and an extension frame (412); the sliding table guide rail (411) is arranged on the frame (2); one end of the extension frame (412) is connected to the sliding table of the sliding table guide rail (411), and the second distance measuring sensor (413) is installed at the other end of the extension frame (412).