CN117871052A - Device and method for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time - Google Patents
Device and method for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A device and a method for measuring laser output power in real time rapidly relate to the field of laser energy measurement, and the device comprises: the laser sampler refracts a part of the laser beam to be detected to the hot end of the laser power acquisition sensor; the laser power acquisition sensor converts the radiation energy of the laser beam into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to the signal processing module; the signal processing module sequentially performs filtering, shaping and amplifying operation on the input voltage signals to obtain processed voltage signals, and outputs the processed voltage signals to the logic operation control module; and the logic operation control module performs ADC conversion, storage and digital filtering processing on the processed voltage signals, performs sampling operation on the filtered voltage signals to obtain measured laser output power values, and completes rapid real-time measurement of the laser output power. The invention improves the measurement precision, is easy to assemble and debug, is not easily influenced by external factors, and is simple to calculate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser energy measurement, in particular to a device and a method for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time.
Background
With the rapid development of laser technology, lasers are increasingly widely applied in the fields of communication medical treatment, industrial manufacturing, civil military products and the like, and the output power of the lasers is an important index of the lasers, and the output power detection is also an important content in the technical field of laser detection.
In general, in consideration of the production cost and the complexity of the production process of the laser therapeutic machine, the manufacturer usually adopts a factory-like manner of calibrating the laser output power of the whole machine, and a user adopts a periodic calibration and debugging 'closed-loop control' manner to ensure that the laser can stably output correct power for a long time.
In daily use of the laser therapeutic machine, once the laser output power is higher than the selected power value, irreversible damage can be caused to the treated skin tissue, the treatment risk is increased, and the life quality of a patient is reduced; conversely, if the laser output power is below the selected power value, the therapeutic effect may be reduced or not at all. However, as the laser therapeutic machine is used for a long time, the attenuation of the output power of the laser is a necessary phenomenon, so that it is very necessary for the user to calibrate the output power of the laser therapeutic machine regularly, and how to realize the rapid real-time measurement of the output power of the laser therapeutic machine is a difficult problem faced by those skilled in the art.
Currently, a diffuse reflection assembly and a diaphragm assembly are mostly used for a laser output power measurement method of a laser therapeutic machine. However, since the machining precision of the diffuse reflection assembly and the diaphragm assembly cannot be very high, each component is different after assembly, a lot of workload is added to the assembly and debugging process, and meanwhile, the problem of difficult assembly and debugging exists; in addition, after the device is installed on the whole machine, the measurement precision is possibly influenced along with logistics transportation and back and forth transportation of clients, and the device is easily influenced by external factors; the test principle is that the reflection quantity is considered to be larger along with the increase of the original laser power by the diffuse reflection theory, and the actual diffuse reflection is not fixed when the original laser intensity is different, so that great trouble is added in the later program algorithm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time so as to achieve rapid real-time measurement and correction of the laser output power.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a device for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time, which mainly comprises:
the laser sampler refracts a part of the laser beam to be detected to the hot end of the laser power acquisition sensor;
the laser power acquisition sensor converts the radiation energy of the laser beam into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to the signal processing module;
the signal processing module sequentially performs filtering, shaping and amplifying operation on the input voltage signals to obtain processed voltage signals, and outputs the processed voltage signals to the logic operation control module;
and the logic operation control module performs ADC conversion, storage and digital filtering processing on the processed voltage signals, performs sampling operation on the filtered voltage signals to obtain measured laser output power values, and completes rapid real-time measurement of the laser output power.
Further, the device for rapidly measuring the laser output power in real time according to the invention further comprises: the laser sampler, the laser power acquisition sensor, the optical gate and the residual light absorber are all arranged on the light path plate; the optical gate is used for controlling the terminal output of the laser beam; the residual light absorber is used for absorbing residual laser which is not used for laser output power measurement.
Furthermore, the laser sampler adopts a beam splitting lens; the laser power acquisition sensor adopts a thermoelectric generation device.
Furthermore, the device for rapidly measuring the laser output power in real time also comprises a temperature sensor arranged at the cold end of the laser power acquisition sensor, wherein the temperature sensor acquires temperature data and sends the temperature data to a logic operation control module, and the logic operation control module dynamically compensates the laser output power value obtained by measurement according to the temperature data.
Further, the signal processing module consists of a shaping filter circuit, a proportional amplifying circuit and a signal filtering output circuit; the laser power acquisition sensor, the shaping filter circuit, the proportional amplifying circuit and the signal filtering output circuit are sequentially connected; the shaping filter circuit is used for shaping and filtering the received voltage signal; the proportional amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the voltage signal after the shaping and filtering treatment; the signal filtering output circuit is used for filtering the amplified voltage signal and outputting the filtered voltage signal.
Further, the logic operation control module includes:
the sampling sub-module is used for continuously collecting N data according to a preset period T and storing the collected N data into an N-bit data table according to a time sequence;
the updating sub-module is used for delaying a preset period T to acquire 1 data from the last acquisition time of the sampling sub-module, and updating the data recorded in the data table firstly by the data to ensure that the data updated each time are the latest acquired data;
the calculating sub-module is used for calculating the average value and the variance of all the data in the updated data table;
the judging sub-module is used for judging whether the variance value obtained by calculation of the current calculating sub-module is in a preset threshold range or not, and if so, outputting a judging result and an average value calculated by the current calculating sub-module to the output sub-module; if not, outputting a judging result to an updating sub-module, and re-acquiring 1 data by the updating sub-module and updating the data table;
and the output sub-module is used for outputting the average value of all data in the data table calculated by the current calculation sub-module and recording the laser output power value obtained by the current measurement.
The invention provides a method for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time, which is realized by adopting the device for rapidly measuring the laser output power in real time, and comprises the following steps:
step one: a part of the measured laser beam output from the laser output window of the laser irradiates the hot end of the laser power acquisition sensor, the radiation energy of the laser beam is converted into a voltage signal by the laser power acquisition sensor, and the voltage signal is output to the signal processing module;
step two: the signal processing module sequentially performs filtering, shaping and amplifying operation on the voltage signal transmitted by the laser power acquisition sensor to obtain a processed voltage signal, and outputs the processed voltage signal to the logic operation control module, and the logic operation control module performs logic operation control;
step three: the logic operation control module sequentially performs ADC conversion, storage and digital filtering processing on the processed voltage signals, and performs sampling operation on the filtered voltage signals to obtain DA values; and the upper computer receives the acquired DA value and converts the DA value by utilizing the constructed power-DA relation curve so as to obtain the measured laser output power value, and the rapid real-time measurement and correction of the laser output power are completed.
Further, the specific operation flow of the third step is as follows:
s1: continuously collecting N data according to a preset period T, and storing the N collected data into an N-bit data table according to a time sequence;
s2: delaying a preset period T from the last acquisition time, acquiring 1 data, and updating the data recorded first in the data table by the data to ensure that the data updated each time is the latest acquired data;
s3: calculating the average value and variance of all data in the updated data table;
s4: judging whether the current variance value calculated in the step S3 is within a preset threshold range, if so, executing the step S5, otherwise, returning to the step S2, re-acquiring 1 data and updating a data table;
s5: outputting an average value of all data in the data table calculated in the step S3, namely, a DA value corresponding to the laser output power value obtained in the measurement;
s6: inputting the obtained DA value into a power-DA relation curve, and calculating an actual laser output power value;
s7: and (5) circularly performing a compensation feedback process of the laser output power.
Further, the specific operation flow of step S6 is as follows:
s6.1: the relation between the power value and the DA value is represented by a first order polynomial yn=m×xn+b based on polynomial fitting, where Y n Represents a power value, X n Representing DA values, m representing polynomial coefficients, b representing polynomial parameters; saving the acquired i DA values into an i-bit data table, and calculating an average value X of the DA values in the data table according to a formula (1) ave ；
X ave ＝∑(x 1 +x 2 +.....+x i )/i (1)
S6.2: the obtained average value X ave Respectively differencing each original data to obtain a group of difference columns F (X), squaring each difference in the group of difference columns F (X) according to a formula (2), and accumulating to obtain an accumulated value X 2 ave ；
X 2 ave ＝∑(F(X 1 )*F(X 1 )+F(X 2 )*F(X 2 )+.....+F(X i )*F(X i )) (2)
S6.3: presetting a power value according to an upper computer working interface, and displaying i power values Y on the upper computer working interface i Adjusting to be consistent, and calculating to obtain i power values Y i Average value Y of (2) ave The obtained average value Y ave Respectively and each power value Y i Performing difference to obtain a group of difference columns F (Y), and calculating covariance sum according to a formula (3);
XY ave ＝∑(F(X 1 )*F(Y 1 )+F(X 2 )*F(Y 2 )+.....+F(X i )*F(Y i )) (3)
s6.4: the calculated covariance and XY ave Divided by averageValue X ave Square X of (X) 2 ave Obtaining a coefficient m, and then obtaining a parameter b according to a formula (4);
b＝Y ave -m*X ave (4)
s6.5: substituting the coefficient m and the parameter b into a formula (5) to obtain a power-DA relation curve, and completing the calibration of the device;
Y n ＝m*X n +b (5)
s6.6: the DA value X to be actually measured n Substituting into the formula (5) to calculate the corresponding laser output power Y n 。
Further, in step S7, the compensation feedback flow of the ith laser output power is as follows:
(1) The laser is controlled by a laser control system according to the light output control parameter V d-i Light is emitted, and the DA value X which is actually measured n-i Substituting into the formula (5) to measure the corresponding laser output power Y n-i ；
(2) Output power Y of laser n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d (corresponding to the internal initial light-emitting control parameter V) d-0 ) Comparing, calculating laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d And judges the laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d Whether there is a deviation between them; if the laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d The deviation value between them being less than or equal to a given threshold Y Deviation Then the laser output power Y is represented n-i The requirements are met, the laser is prompted to be in a normal light-emitting state, and laser output power compensation feedback is finished; if the laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d The deviation value between is greater than a given threshold Y Deviation Step (3) is entered;
(3) Adjusting the light output control parameter using a scaling algorithm to obtain a new light output control parameter V d-(i+1) Calculating new light emitting control parameter V d-(i+1) With the initial light-emitting control parameter V d-0 And judging the deviation valueWhether or not it is greater than a given threshold V Deviation The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the deviation value is greater than a given threshold value V Deviation The laser attenuation is proved to be serious and can not be corrected, error information is prompted, and the operation is stopped; if the deviation value is less than or equal to a given threshold value V Deviation The laser is controlled by the laser control system according to the new light output control parameter V d-(i+1) Carrying out light emission;
and repeating the operation, and starting the (i+1) th laser output power compensation feedback process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a device for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time, which mainly comprises: the laser sampler is used for refracting part of the laser beam to be measured onto the hot end of the laser power acquisition sensor; the laser power acquisition sensor is used for converting radiation energy of a laser beam into a voltage signal; the optical gate is used for controlling the terminal output of the laser beam; the residual light absorber is used for absorbing residual laser which is not used for measuring the laser output power and reducing laser pollution; the light path plate is used for installing and fixing a laser sampler, a laser power acquisition sensor, a light gate and a residual light absorber; the signal processing module is used for sequentially carrying out filtering, shaping and amplifying operation on the input voltage signals to obtain processed voltage signals; and the logic operation control module is used for carrying out ADC conversion, storage, digital filtering and other treatments on the processed voltage signals, and carrying out sampling operation on the filtered voltage signals to obtain measured laser output power values so as to finish rapid real-time measurement of the laser output power. The invention uses the logic operation control module to sample the voltage signal after filtering, shaping and amplifying operation, but not directly sample the original voltage signal, so the sampling speed and the sampling precision are higher, the speed of measuring the laser output power is faster, and the real-time performance is stronger.
According to the method for rapidly measuring the laser output power in real time, the linearity of the laser output power measurement data is found to be higher through a big data fitting algorithm, and the covariance and the minimum principle are used, so that the laser output power measurement data is closer to a true value, and the measurement is accurate; the average value calculation in the method reduces the influence of data mutation and external factors, and improves the measurement precision; meanwhile, the floating point operation and the multiplication and division operation are fewer in the method, and the occupied memory is smaller, so that the application range is extremely wide, the influence on the program operation speed is small, the quick response can be realized, and the waiting time of a client is reduced. Meanwhile, the invention has the advantages of easy assembly and debugging, insusceptibility to external factors and simple calculation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a signal processing module.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a signal processing module.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a logic operation control module.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a third step in a method for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a feedback flow chart of loop compensation of laser output power in step three S7 in a method for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time according to one embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a laser sampler;
2. a laser power acquisition sensor;
3. a shutter;
4. a residual light absorber;
5. an optical path plate;
6. the device comprises a signal processing module, a shaping filter circuit, a proportional amplifying circuit, a signal filtering output circuit and a signal processing module, wherein the shaping filter circuit comprises a shaping filter circuit, a proportional amplifying circuit and a signal filtering output circuit;
7. a logic operation control module 7-1, a sampling submodule 7-2, an updating submodule, 7-3 parts of calculation submodules, 7-4 parts of judgment submodules, 7-5 parts of output submodules;
8. a laser output window;
9. and an upper computer.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one embodiment, an apparatus for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time is provided, as shown in fig. 1, and the apparatus specifically includes:
the laser device comprises a laser sampler 1, a laser power acquisition sensor 2, a light gate 3, a residual light absorber 4, a light path plate 5, a signal processing module 6, a logic operation control module 7 and an upper computer 9.
The laser sampler 1 may be implemented by a beam splitting lens, but is not limited thereto, and the laser sampler 1 is mainly used for refracting a part of the measured laser beam output from the laser output window 8 of the laser to the hot end of the laser power acquisition sensor 2 according to a certain proportion;
the laser power acquisition sensor 2 can be specifically realized by a temperature difference power generation device (TEG), but is not limited to the above, and the laser power acquisition sensor 2 is mainly used for converting radiation energy of a laser beam into a voltage signal and outputting the voltage signal to the signal processing module 6;
the optical gate 3 is mainly used for controlling the terminal output of the laser beam;
the residual light absorber 4 is mainly used for absorbing residual laser which is not used for measuring laser output power and reducing laser pollution;
the light path plate 5 is a main body supporting structure and is mainly used for installing the laser sampler 1, the laser power acquisition sensor 2, the optical gate 3 and the residual light absorber 4, as shown in fig. 1, the laser sampler 1, the laser power acquisition sensor 2 and the optical gate 3 are all installed and fixed on the front surface of the light path plate 5, the residual light absorber 4 is installed and fixed on the rear surface of the light path plate 5, the laser power acquisition sensor 2 is connected with the signal processing module 6, the signal processing module 6 is connected with the logic operation control module 7, and the logic operation control module 7 is connected with the upper computer 9;
the signal processing module 6 is mainly used for sequentially performing filtering, shaping and amplifying operation on the voltage signal input by the laser power acquisition sensor 2 to obtain a processed voltage signal, and outputting the processed voltage signal to the logic operation control module 7;
the logic operation control module 7 is mainly used for performing ADC conversion, storage, digital filtering and other processes on the processed voltage signals, and performing sampling operation on the filtered voltage signals, and specifically includes variance stability and average number operation and logic control of the whole laser output power measurement process, so as to complete rapid real-time measurement of the laser output power.
As shown in fig. 2, the signal processing module 6 mainly comprises a shaping filter circuit 6-1, a proportional amplifying circuit 6-2 and a signal filtering output circuit 6-3, wherein the laser power acquisition sensor 2, the shaping filter circuit 6-1, the proportional amplifying circuit 6-2 and the signal filtering output circuit 6-3 are sequentially connected. The shaping and filtering circuit 6-1 is mainly used for shaping and filtering the received voltage signal, and the shaping and filtering circuit 6-1 can make the rising edge of the original voltage signal become steep under the condition of keeping the signal amplitude unchanged, so that the effective voltage data measurement can be entered more quickly; the proportional amplifying circuit 6-2 is mainly used for amplifying the voltage signal after the integer filtering treatment; the signal filtering output circuit 6-3 is used for filtering the amplified voltage signal and outputting the filtered voltage signal.
As shown in fig. 3, the shaping filter circuit 6-1 mainly comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first sliding resistor RP1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a first operational amplifier U1; the first sliding resistor RP1 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2, one end of the first sliding resistor RP1 connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2 is connected with the second resistor R2 and the negative input end of the first operational amplifier U1, the other end of the first sliding resistor RP1 connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier U1, two ends of the first resistor R1 are connected with the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3, the connecting end of the third resistor R3 and the first resistor R1 is connected with the sensor 6-1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the positive input end of the first operational amplifier U1, the connecting end of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is connected with the first capacitor C1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the sensor 6-1, and the output end of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with the proportional amplifying circuit 6-2. The voltage signal is filtered and shaped by the shaping filter circuit 6-1.
As shown in fig. 3, the proportional amplifying circuit 6-2 mainly comprises a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a second sliding resistor RP2, a third sliding resistor RP3, a third capacitor C3 and a second operational amplifier U2; the third sliding resistor RP3 is connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3, one end of the third sliding resistor RP3 connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3 is connected with the fifth resistor R5 and the negative input end of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the third sliding resistor RP3 connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3 is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with one end of the second sliding resistor RP2, the second sliding resistor RP2 is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier U1 and the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the positive input end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the output end of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the signal filtering output circuit 6-3. The voltage signal after the filter shaping processing is amplified by the proportional amplifying circuit 6-2.
As shown in fig. 3, the signal filtering output circuit 6-3 mainly comprises a sixth resistor R6, a fourth capacitor C4, a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and an active optical cable AOC; one end of a sixth resistor R6 is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is respectively connected with the fourth capacitor C4, the first diode D1, the second diode D2 and the active optical cable AOC. The final signal output is achieved by the signal filtering output circuit 6-3.
As shown in fig. 4, the logic operation control module 7 specifically includes the following sub-modules:
the sampling submodule 7-1 is configured to continuously collect N data according to a preset period T, and store the collected N data in an N-bit data table according to a time sequence, where the value range of the preset period T is 5-100 ms, the value range of N is 3-16, preferably, the value of the preset period T is 15ms, and the value of N is 8;
the updating sub-module 7-2 is configured to delay a preset period T, for example, 15ms, from the last acquisition time of the sampling sub-module 7-1, acquire 1 data, update the data recorded first in the data table with the data, and ensure that the data updated each time is the latest acquired data;
a calculation sub-module 7-3 for calculating the average value and variance of all the data in the updated data table;
the judging sub-module 7-4 is configured to judge whether the variance value obtained by the current computing sub-module 7-3 is within a preset threshold range, if yes, output a judging result and an average value obtained by the current computing sub-module 7-3 to the output sub-module 7-5; if not, outputting a judging result to the updating sub-module 7-2, and acquiring 1 data again by the updating sub-module 7-2 and updating the data table;
and the output sub-module 7-5 is used for outputting the average value of all data in the data table calculated by the current calculation sub-module 7-3, recording the laser output power value obtained by the current measurement, and ending the current measurement after outputting.
The logic operation control module 7 in the embodiment can be realized by an MCU controller with an AD converter, and the MCU controller has two working modes, namely a passive working mode and an active working mode; in a passive working mode, the MCU controller is controlled by the upper computer, and the MCU controller receives a measurement starting signal sent by the upper computer and then performs sampling operation; in the active working mode, the MCU controller continuously monitors the input condition of the port signal, and starts to execute sampling operation after judging that the effective data is received.
In addition, the device for rapidly measuring the laser output power in real time provided in this embodiment further includes a temperature sensor, such as a thermistor, and the temperature sensor is installed at the cold end of the laser power collecting sensor 2, and the temperature sensor sends collected temperature data to the logic operation control module 7, and the logic operation control module 7 dynamically compensates the laser output power value obtained by measurement according to the temperature data, so as to ensure the accuracy of measurement.
In another embodiment, a method for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time is provided, the method comprising the steps of:
step one: after the shutter 3 is checked and put in the closed state and a measurement start signal is sent to the device by the host computer 9, the laser is turned on, a part of the laser beam to be measured output from the laser output window 8 of the laser is irradiated onto the hot end of the laser power acquisition sensor 2, the radiation energy of the laser beam is converted into a voltage signal by the laser power acquisition sensor 2, and the voltage signal is output to the signal processing module 6.
In this embodiment, the laser power acquisition sensor 2 may be implemented by a thermoelectric generator (TEG), where the TEG is made of a high-strength bismuth telluride thermoelectric material, a high-thermal conductivity and high-insulation DBC (direct bonding copper) ceramic material, and a high-temperature solder, and has the advantages of small internal resistance, high temperature resistance, and long service life, and the high temperature resistance can reach 200 ℃, and is suitable for use in an environment where the hot end is 200 ℃. According to the seebeck effect, a thermoelectric generation device (TEG) can convert radiant energy output from a laser into heat, and thus into a voltage signal.
According to the Seebeck effect principle, when laser irradiates the surface of a thermoelectric power generation device (TEG), the temperature difference is generated on the cold and hot sides of the TEG, and the output voltage value can be calculated, and the specific calculation process is as follows:
open circuit voltage (no load): u=α (Th-Tc) =α×ΔΓ, where α is the seebeck coefficient in V/K; th is the hot-face temperature, and the unit is K; tc is cold face temperature, and the unit is K; ΔT=Th-Tc is the temperature difference between the cold and hot sides, and the unit is K;
output voltage (with load): u=α×Δt×rl/(ri+rl), where Ri is the internal resistance of the thermoelectric power generation device (TEG), and the unit is Ω; RL is the load resistance in Ω.
Step two: the signal processing module 6 sequentially performs operations such as filtering, shaping, amplifying operation and the like on the voltage signal transmitted by the laser power acquisition sensor 2, obtains a processed voltage signal, outputs the processed voltage signal to the logic operation control module 7, and is subjected to logic operation control by the logic operation control module 7.
Step three: the logic operation control module 7 sequentially performs ADC conversion, storage, digital filtering and other treatments on the processed voltage signals, and performs sampling operation on the filtered voltage signals to obtain DA values, wherein the logic operation control module specifically comprises variance stability and average number operation and logic control of the whole laser output power measurement process; and then the upper computer 9 receives the acquired DA value and converts the DA value by utilizing the constructed power-DA relation curve so as to obtain the measured laser output power value, so that the rapid real-time measurement and correction of the laser output power are completed.
As shown in fig. 5, the specific operation flow of the third step is as follows:
s1: continuously collecting N data according to a preset period T, and storing the N data in an N-bit data table according to a time sequence, wherein the value range of the preset period T is 5-100 ms, the value range of N is 3-16, preferably, the value of the preset period T is 15ms, and the value of N is 8;
s2: delaying a preset period T, for example 15ms, from the last acquisition time to acquire 1 data, and updating the data recorded first in the data table by the data to ensure that the data updated each time is the latest acquired data;
s3: the mean and variance of all data in the updated data table are calculated.
According to the statistics of the early data, the original data acquired by the laser power acquisition sensor 2 corresponding to the power is approximately linear, an optimization technology is adopted for the test data, and the optimal function matching of the test data is found by minimizing the square sum of errors. By using the method, the approximate true value of the test data can be simply obtained, and the square sum of errors between the obtained test data and the actual data is minimized.
S4: judging whether the current variance value calculated in the step S3 is within a preset threshold range, if so, executing the step S5, otherwise, returning to the step S2, re-acquiring 1 data and updating a data table;
s5: outputting an average value of all data in the data table calculated in the step S3, namely, a DA value corresponding to the laser output power value obtained in the measurement;
s6: inputting the obtained DA value into a power-DA relation curve, and calculating an actual laser output power value;
s7: and (5) circularly performing a compensation feedback process of the laser output power.
The specific operation flow of step S6 is as follows:
s6.1: based on polynomial fitting, by a first order polynomial Y n ＝m*X n +b represents the relation between the power value and the DA value, wherein Y n Represents a power value, X n Representing DA values, m representing polynomial coefficients, b representing polynomial parameters; saving the acquired i DA values into an i-bit data table, and calculating the average value X of all DA values in the data table according to the formula (1) ave ；
X ave ＝∑(x 1 +x 2 +.....+x i )/i (1)
S6.2: the obtained average value X ave Respectively differencing each original data to obtain a group of difference columns F (X), squaring each difference in the group of difference columns F (X) according to a formula (2), and accumulating to obtain an accumulated value X 2 ave ；
X 2 ave ＝∑(F(X 1 )*F(X 1 )+F(X 2 )*F(X 2 )+.....+F(X i )*F(X i )) (2)
S6.3: presetting a power value according to an upper computer working interface, and displaying i power values Y on the upper computer working interface i Adjusting to be consistent, and calculating to obtain i power values Y i Average value Y of (2) ave The obtained average value Y ave Respectively and each power value Y i Performing difference to obtain a group of difference columns F (Y), and calculating covariance sum according to a formula (3);
XY ave ＝∑(F(X 1 )*F(Y 1 )+F(X 2 )*F(Y 2 )+.....+F(X i )*F(Y i )) (3)
s6.4: the calculated covariance and XY ave Divided by average value X ave Square X of (X) 2 ave Obtaining a coefficient m, and then obtaining a parameter b according to a formula (4);
b＝Y ave -m*X ave (4)
s6.5: substituting the coefficient m and the parameter b into a formula (5) to obtain a power-DA relation curve, and completing the calibration of the device;
Y n ＝m*X n +b (5)
s6.6: the DA value X to be actually measured n Substituting into the formula (5) to calculate the corresponding laser output power Y n 。
The logic operation control module 7 in the embodiment can be realized by an MCU controller with an AD converter, and the MCU controller has two working modes, namely a passive working mode and an active working mode; in the passive working mode, the MCU controller is controlled by the upper computer 9, and the MCU controller receives a start measurement signal sent by the upper computer 9 and then performs sampling operation; in the active working mode, the MCU controller continuously monitors the input condition of the port signal, and starts to execute sampling operation after judging that the effective data is received.
The specific operation flow of step S7 is as follows:
the laser is controlled by a laser control system according to the light output control parameter V d Light is emitted, and the DA value X which is actually measured n Substituting into the formula (5) to measure the corresponding laser output power Y n Calculating the corresponding laser output power Y n And judges the laser output power Y n Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d Whether there is a deviation between them;
when the laser output power Y n Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d The deviation value between them being less than or equal to a given threshold Y Deviation At the time, the laser output power Y is represented n Meeting the requirements, prompting the laser to be in a normal light-emitting state;
when the laser output power Y n Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d The deviation value between is greater than a given threshold Y Deviation When the light control parameter V is regulated by using a proportional algorithm d Obtaining new light-emitting control parameters V x Calculating new light emitting control parameter V x With the initial light-emitting control parameter V d-0 And judging whether the deviation value is larger than a given threshold value V Deviation The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the deviation value is greater than a given threshold value V Deviation The laser attenuation is proved to be serious and can not be corrected, error information is prompted, and the operation is stopped; if the deviation value is less than or equal to a given threshold value V Deviation The laser is controlled by the laser control system according to the new light output control parameter V x Carrying out light emission;
repeating the operation, and circularly carrying out a compensation feedback flow of the laser output power.
The compensation feedback process of the laser output power is a cyclic feedback process, and in each cyclic process, the system continuously corrects and compensates the light control parameter according to the feedback value of the laser output power measured in real time, so that the feedback value of the laser output power reaches the preset value of the laser power.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, in the compensation feedback process of the ith laser output power:
(1) The laser is controlled by a laser control system according to the light output control parameter V d-i Light is emitted, and the DA value X which is actually measured n-i Substituting into the formula (5) to measure the corresponding laser output power Y n-i ；
(2) Output power Y of laser n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d (corresponding to the internal initial light-emitting control parameter V) d-0 ) Comparing, calculating laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d And judges the laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d Whether there is a deviation between them; if the laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d The deviation value between them being less than or equal to a given threshold Y Deviation Then the laser output power Y is represented n-i The requirements are met, the laser is prompted to be in a normal light-emitting state, and laser output power compensation feedback is finished; if the laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d The deviation value between is greater than a given threshold Y Deviation Step (3) is entered;
(3) Adjusting out-of-light control parameter acquisition using a scaling algorithmTaking new light-emitting control parameter V d-(i+1) Calculating new light emitting control parameter V d-(i+1) With the initial light-emitting control parameter V d-0 And judging whether the deviation value is larger than a given threshold value V Deviation The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the deviation value is greater than a given threshold value V Deviation The laser attenuation is proved to be serious and can not be corrected, error information is prompted, and the operation is stopped; if the deviation value is less than or equal to a given threshold value V Deviation The laser is controlled by the laser control system according to the new light output control parameter V d-(i+1) Carrying out light emission;
and repeating the operation, and starting the (i+1) th laser output power compensation feedback process.
In addition, the method for rapidly measuring the laser output power in real time provided by the embodiment further comprises the following steps: the temperature sensor (such as a thermistor, but not limited to, for example) installed at the cold end of the laser power acquisition sensor 2 sends the acquired temperature data to the logic operation control module 7, and the logic operation control module 7 dynamically compensates the laser output power value obtained by measurement according to the temperature data so as to ensure the accuracy of measurement.
Because the heat conduction can occur on the cold and hot sides of the laser power acquisition sensor 2, namely the temperature difference generating device (TEG), when a certain laser output power value is measured for a long time or repeatedly, the temperature rising value of the hot side is basically unchanged, and the temperature of the cold side is raised to a certain extent, so that the temperature difference of the cold and hot sides of the temperature difference generating device (TEG) is deviated, namely the measured laser output power value is deviated. Therefore, by installing a temperature sensor at the cold end of the thermoelectric generation device (TEG), the temperature change of the cold face is monitored in real time, so that the dynamic compensation of the laser output power value obtained by measurement is realized, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
The invention provides a device and a method for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time, which are characterized in that the radiation energy of a laser beam is converted into a voltage signal through a laser power acquisition sensor 2, then the acquired voltage signal is subjected to filtering, shaping and amplifying operation through a signal processing module 6 to obtain a processed voltage signal, finally the processed voltage signal is subjected to ADC conversion, storage, digital filtering and other processing through a logic operation control module 7, and the filtered voltage signal is subjected to sampling operation to obtain a measured laser output power value, so that rapid real-time measurement of the laser output power is completed. The logic operation control module 7 performs sampling operation on the voltage signals after filtering, shaping and amplifying operation processing, and does not directly sample and operate on the original voltage signals, so that the sampling speed and the sampling precision are higher, the speed of measuring the laser output power is faster, and the instantaneity is stronger. Meanwhile, the device and the method for rapidly measuring the laser output power in real time are suitable for rapid real-time measurement of the laser output power of various laser instruments or laser equipment such as laser therapeutic machines and the like, so that great convenience is provided for users.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for rapid real-time measurement of laser output power, comprising:
the laser sampler refracts a part of the laser beam to be detected to the hot end of the laser power acquisition sensor;
the laser power acquisition sensor converts the radiation energy of the laser beam into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to the signal processing module;
the signal processing module sequentially performs filtering, shaping and amplifying operation on the input voltage signals to obtain processed voltage signals, and outputs the processed voltage signals to the logic operation control module;
and the logic operation control module performs ADC conversion, storage and digital filtering processing on the processed voltage signals, performs sampling operation on the filtered voltage signals to obtain measured laser output power values, and completes rapid real-time measurement of the laser output power.
2. The apparatus for rapid real time measurement of laser output power according to claim 1, further comprising: the laser sampler, the laser power acquisition sensor, the optical gate and the residual light absorber are all arranged on the light path plate; the optical gate is used for controlling the terminal output of the laser beam; the residual light absorber is used for absorbing residual laser which is not used for laser output power measurement.
3. The device for rapidly measuring the output power of the laser in real time according to claim 1, wherein the laser sampler adopts a beam splitting lens; the laser power acquisition sensor adopts a thermoelectric generation device.
4. The device for rapidly measuring laser output power in real time according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor installed at the cold end of the laser power collecting sensor, wherein the temperature sensor collects temperature data and sends the temperature data to a logic operation control module, and the logic operation control module dynamically compensates the laser output power value obtained by measurement according to the temperature data.
5. The device for rapidly measuring the output power of the laser in real time according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing module comprises a shaping filter circuit, a proportional amplifying circuit and a signal filtering output circuit; the laser power acquisition sensor, the shaping filter circuit, the proportional amplifying circuit and the signal filtering output circuit are sequentially connected; the shaping filter circuit is used for shaping and filtering the received voltage signal; the proportional amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the voltage signal after the shaping and filtering treatment; the signal filtering output circuit is used for filtering the amplified voltage signal and outputting the filtered voltage signal.
6. The apparatus for rapid real-time measurement of laser output power according to claim 1, wherein the logic operation control module comprises:
the sampling sub-module is used for continuously collecting N data according to a preset period T and storing the collected N data into an N-bit data table according to a time sequence;
the updating sub-module is used for delaying a preset period T to acquire 1 data from the last acquisition time of the sampling sub-module, and updating the data recorded in the data table firstly by the data to ensure that the data updated each time are the latest acquired data;
the calculating sub-module is used for calculating the average value and the variance of all the data in the updated data table;
the judging sub-module is used for judging whether the variance value obtained by calculation of the current calculating sub-module is in a preset threshold range or not, and if so, outputting a judging result and an average value calculated by the current calculating sub-module to the output sub-module; if not, outputting a judging result to an updating sub-module, and re-acquiring 1 data by the updating sub-module and updating the data table;
and the output sub-module is used for outputting the average value of all data in the data table calculated by the current calculation sub-module and recording the laser output power obtained by the current measurement.
7. A method for rapid real-time measurement of laser output power, characterized in that it is implemented by using an apparatus for rapid real-time measurement of laser output power according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step one: a part of the measured laser beam output from the laser output window of the laser irradiates the hot end of the laser power acquisition sensor, the radiation energy of the laser beam is converted into a voltage signal by the laser power acquisition sensor, and the voltage signal is output to the signal processing module;
step two: the signal processing module sequentially performs filtering, shaping and amplifying operation on the voltage signal transmitted by the laser power acquisition sensor to obtain a processed voltage signal, and outputs the processed voltage signal to the logic operation control module, and the logic operation control module performs logic operation control;
step three: the logic operation control module sequentially performs ADC conversion, storage and digital filtering processing on the processed voltage signals, and performs sampling operation on the filtered voltage signals to obtain DA values; and the upper computer receives the acquired DA value and converts the DA value by utilizing the constructed power-DA relation curve so as to obtain the measured laser output power value, and the rapid real-time measurement and correction of the laser output power are completed.
8. The method for rapid real-time measurement of laser output power according to claim 7, wherein the specific operation procedure of step three is as follows:
s1: continuously collecting N data according to a preset period T, and storing the N collected data into an N-bit data table according to a time sequence;
s2: delaying a preset period T from the last acquisition time, acquiring 1 data, and updating the data recorded first in the data table by the data to ensure that the data updated each time is the latest acquired data;
s3: calculating the average value and variance of all data in the updated data table;
s4: judging whether the current variance value calculated in the step S3 is within a preset threshold range, if so, executing the step S5, otherwise, returning to the step S2, re-acquiring 1 data and updating a data table;
s5: outputting the average value of all data in the data table calculated in the step S3, namely, the DA value corresponding to the laser output power obtained in the measurement;
s6: inputting the obtained DA value into a power-DA relation curve, and calculating an actual laser output power value;
s7: and (5) circularly performing a compensation feedback process of the laser output power.
9. The method for rapid real-time measurement of laser output power according to claim 8, wherein the specific operation procedure of step S6 is as follows:
s6.1: based on polynomial fitting, by a first order polynomial Y n ＝m*X n +b represents the relation between the power value and the DA value, wherein Y n Represents a power value, X n Representing DA values, m representing polynomial coefficients, b representing polynomial parameters; saving the acquired i DA values into an i-bit data table, and calculating the average value X of all DA values in the data table according to the formula (1) ave ；
X ave ＝∑(x 1 +x 2 +.....+x i )/i (1)
S6.2: the obtained average value X ave Respectively differencing each original data to obtain a group of difference columns F (X), squaring each difference in the group of difference columns F (X) according to a formula (2), and accumulating to obtain an accumulated value X 2 ave ；
X 2 ave ＝∑(F(X 1 )*F(X 1 )+F(X 2 )*F(X 2 )+.....+F(X i )*F(X i )) (2)
S6.3: presetting a power value according to an upper computer working interface, and displaying i power values Y on the upper computer working interface i Adjusting to be consistent, and calculating to obtain i power values Y i Average value Y of (2) ave The obtained average value Y ave Respectively and each power value Y i Performing difference to obtain a group of difference columns F (Y), and calculating covariance sum according to a formula (3);
XY ave ＝∑(F(X 1 )*F(Y 1 )+F(X 2 )*F(Y 2 )+.....+F(X i )*F(Y i )) (3)
s6.4: the calculated covariance and XY ave Divided by average value X ave Square X of (X) 2 ave Obtaining a coefficient m, and then obtaining a parameter b according to a formula (4);
b＝Y ave -m*X ave (4)
s6.5: substituting the coefficient m and the parameter b into a formula (5) to obtain a power-DA relation curve, and completing the calibration of the device;
Y n ＝m*X n +b (5)
s6.6: the DA value X to be actually measured n Substituting into the formula (5) to calculate the corresponding laser output power Y n 。
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein in step S7, the compensation feedback flow of the ith laser output power is as follows:
(1) The laser is controlled by a laser control system according to the light output control parameter V d-i Light is emitted, and the DA value X which is actually measured n-i Substituting into the formula (5) to measure the corresponding laser output power Y n-i ；
(2) Output power Y of laser n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d (corresponding to the internal initial light-emitting control parameter V) d-0 ) Comparing, calculating laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d And judges the laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d Whether there is a deviation between them; if the laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d The deviation value between them being less than or equal to a given threshold Y Deviation Then the laser output power Y is represented n-i The requirements are met, the laser is prompted to be in a normal light-emitting state, and laser output power compensation feedback is finished; if the laser output power Y n-i Preset power Y with working interface of upper computer d The deviation value between is greater than a given threshold Y Deviation Step (3) is entered;
(3) Adjusting light extraction using a scaling algorithmControl parameter acquisition of new light output control parameter V d-(i+1) Calculating new light emitting control parameter V d-(i+1) With the initial light-emitting control parameter V d-0 And judging whether the deviation value is larger than a given threshold value V Deviation The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the deviation value is greater than a given threshold value V Deviation The laser attenuation is proved to be serious and can not be corrected, error information is prompted, and the operation is stopped; if the deviation value is less than or equal to a given threshold value V Deviation The laser is controlled by the laser control system according to the new light output control parameter V d-(i+1) Carrying out light emission;
and repeating the operation, and starting the (i+1) th laser output power compensation feedback process.
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