CN117704897A - Low-bore-pressure caseless grenade and light backseat caseless grenade gun thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The lower-rifling caseless grenade has no shell, and has primer pit, primer cover, anvil and primer medicine in the bottom, and has three sections of blocks with different burning speeds, so that the grenade has no shell, less grenade weight and size, raised carrying capacity and mobility and reduced rifling and back seat; a light recoil grenade gun without shell adopts a coarse firing pin to push a frame to freely recoil a gun barrel to realize automation, and can also enable the gun barrel to carry out recoil, and a decompression chamber can be arranged at the head of a gun barrel, so that the rifling and recoil are smaller, and the grenade weapon popularization is facilitated.

Description

Low-bore-pressure caseless grenade and light backseat caseless grenade gun thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a grenade, in particular to a low-bore-pressure shell-free grenade, and also relates to a grenade launcher, in particular to a light rear seat shell-free grenade gun.

Background

Grenade guns, also called grenade launchers, are praised as "cannons" in infantry, have special pressing action in the battlefield, and various grenades and grenade guns are developed in all major countries. The existing grenades are shell grenades, the heavy shell barrel of the grenades greatly increases the weight and the size of the grenades, reduces the loading capacity and the carrying capacity of weapons, reduces the operability and the maneuverability, and restricts the popularization and the application of the grenades. Through extensive searching, the same technical scheme as the invention has not been found.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a low-bore-pressure caseless grenade for reducing the defects of large weight, large size, inconvenient carrying operation and the like of a cased grenade, and further provides a light rear seat caseless grenade gun.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a grenade with low-rifling pressure and no shell is composed of a shell body with shell body, a shell-less powder block with cylindrical surface, a cylindrical surface with round hole, a cylindrical primer cover with a central convex anvil and primer, and more than two fire holes with sealing adhesive.

A light rear seat shell-less grenade gun is composed of a casing, a barrel fixed to said casing, a frame, a plug-in magazine, a group of launching mechanism, a spring for restoring spring, a trigger inserted in front of said frame, a shaping slot for limiting the front and back movement of trigger, and a longitudinal free-stroke slot for pushing the back seat of said frame.

On the basis of the main technical scheme, the following further improved technical scheme can be added:

the low-bore-pressure shell-less grenade launching medicine block is made into three sections of medicine blocks with different burning speeds, and the tail section medicine block has the slowest burning speed, the middle section medicine block has the medium burning speed and the front section medicine block has the fastest burning speed from the tail of the grenade to the front.

The barrel of the light rear seat shell-less grenade gun and the fixed connection of the casing are made into sliding connection, and a push tube spring is sleeved on the barrel.

The diameter of the tail of the firing pin of the light rear seat shell-less grenade gun with the gun barrel being slidably connected to the casing and provided with the push tube spring is the same as that of the firing pin body, the shaping groove only remains the locking groove section without the free travel groove section, the rear part of the casing is hinged with a buckling frame bamboo shoot, the rear part of the casing is hinged with a longitudinal push-pull rod, the front end of the push-pull rod is supported at the front part of the casing for sliding, the push rod spring is sleeved on the push rod, the buckling frame bamboo shoot can be pushed to buckle the frame at the rear limit position, the tail end of the gun barrel is provided with a compression rod, and the release arm can be pressed to release the buckling frame bamboo shoot from the frame.

The head of the grenade gun machine without shell is provided with a cup-shaped cavity with a forward opening part, so as to form a depressurization chamber.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the low-bore-pressure shell-less grenade can omit a shell so as to reduce the weight and the volume of the grenade, increase the loading capacity, the carrying capacity and the maneuverability of the grenade gun, reduce the speed of fire transmission, combustion and gas generation by utilizing the special shape and the structure of the propellant powder block, and reduce the bore pressure and the backseat; the light recoil grenade gun adopts a thick firing pin to push a frame to be long and free, so that automation is realized, a gun barrel recoil can be realized, a depressurization chamber can be formed at the head of a gun camera, the rifling pressure and the recoil can be further reduced, and the popularization of grenade weapons is facilitated.

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art shelled grenade;

FIG. 2 is a structural view of embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial exploded view (enlarged) of FIG. 2;

FIGS. 4-6 are diagrams of firing, fireconveying and propellant block combustion processes of example 1;

fig. 7 is a structural diagram of embodiment 2;

FIGS. 8-10 are diagrams of the firing process of the propellant block of example 2;

FIG. 11 is a view showing the structure of example 3 and a top view and a case of firing;

FIGS. 12-16 are diagrams of the automatic action process of example 3;

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of embodiment 4 and is a case when fired;

FIGS. 18-21 are diagrams of the automatic action process of example 4;

FIG. 22 is a block diagram of embodiment 5, when fired;

FIGS. 23-25 are diagrams of the automatic action process of example 5;

fig. 26 shows the case where the bolt face of example 6 is provided with a depressurization chamber.

Detailed Description

Example 1: a low-bore-pressure shell-less grenade. In contrast, the basic structure of the existing shelled grenade is shown in fig. 1: the grenade mainly comprises a warhead 1 and a warhead shell 2, wherein the warhead comprises a fuze 3 and a bullet body 4 (which is formed by combining an upper half and a lower half), explosive 5 is arranged in the bullet body, a bullet belt 4a is arranged at the waist, the high-low pressure launching principle is adopted, namely, a high-pressure chamber 2a, a low-pressure chamber 2b and a primer 6 are arranged at the bottom of the warhead shell, the wall of the high-pressure chamber is very thick, high-pressure gas is generated after the internal propellant powder is ignited, and the high-pressure gas enters a cavity of the low-pressure chamber through a jet orifice 2c and becomes low-pressure gas so as to reduce the rifling pressure and the recoil force of the grenade gun. Any shell can increase the weight of ammunition, and especially the grenade shell with the high-low pressure chamber can remarkably increase the volume, the weight, the cost and the processing difficulty of the grenade, reduce the maneuverability of the weapon and restrict the carrying capacity and the application range. In order to overcome the defects of the shrapnel with the shell, the scheme provides a shrapnel with low-bore pressure and no shell, as shown in fig. 2: the shell-less grenade 7 adopts the same warhead as the existing shell-less grenade, a shell-less propellant powder block 8 is adhered to the periphery and the bottom surface of a projectile body 4 below a projectile belt 4a of the warhead, the cylindrical surface diameter of the outer surface of the peripheral propellant powder block is approximately the same as that of the projectile belt, a round hole is reserved in the center of the bottom surface propellant powder block, a primer pit 4b is formed in the center of the exposed projectile body bottom surface and is in threaded connection with a cylindrical primer cover 9, a central raised anvil 10 and primer powder 11 are arranged in the cover, and more than two fire transmitting holes 9a with sealing glue 12 are uniformly distributed on the bottom edge of the primer cover (figures 2 and 3). The technology of the adopted shell-less propellant powder block is mature, the variety is more, and the shell-less bullet used by the German G11 shell-less bullet gun is typical, and the main production process is as follows: filling granular propellant powder into a mould, adding flammable binder (such as acetone-ethanol mixture) for pressing, bonding into propellant powder block with certain shape, and bonding with projectile into a whole.

Further description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 4, the low-bore caseless grenade 7 is locked on the gun barrel 14 by the bolt 13 of the grenade gun, when in firing, the firing pin 15 impacts primer between the primer cover and the anvil to fire, and the sealing glue in the fire transfer hole is flushed, the opposite propellant powder block is sprayed (fig. 5), the rest of the propellant powder is ignited, and the generated high-pressure gas pushes the projectile to complete firing (fig. 6). Because the propellant powder is mainly positioned between the outer wall of the projectile body and the inner wall of the bore, the long and narrow annular space can obviously inhibit the fire transmission, combustion and gas generation rate of the propellant powder, so that the bore pressure is slow to rise and slow to fall, the bore pressure is not too high, the recoil force is not too large, certain pressure can be maintained for a long time, and the bullet speed is improved.

The beneficial effects are as follows: compared with a shrapnel with a shell, the shrapnel without the shell has the advantages of saving the shell, remarkably reducing the weight and the size, saving the materials and the cost, reducing the whole weight of a weapon system, improving the maneuverability and increasing the loading capacity, the carrying capacity and the application range; and the thin-wall structure of the propellant powder block is utilized to inhibit the burning speed and the rifling pressure, thereby reducing the rear seat and improving the spring speed.

Example 2: the low-bore caseless grenade according to example 1, with its propellant block 8, was made into three blocks of different burning rates, as shown in fig. 7: the tail section medicine block 8a, the middle section medicine block 8b and the front section medicine block 8c are sequentially arranged from the tail of the bullet forwards, and the burning rate control measure is to utilize gunpowder burning rate passivating agent (such as ethyl medium agent dissolved in ethanol) to carry out passivation treatment of different degrees on the tail section medicine block and the middle section medicine block: deeply passivating the propellant grains of the tail section medicine block to ensure that the propellant grains have the maximum inertia and the slowest burning speed; slightly passivating the propellant grains of the middle-stage medicine block to ensure that the propellant grains burn at a moderate speed; the powder particles for the front section of the powder block do not need to be passivated, so that the powder particles burn at the highest speed. The forming process mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of layering three kinds of propellant grains with different burning speeds according to the increasing order of the burning speeds and a certain weight proportion, adding the propellant grains into a mould, adding a combustible binder, and performing one-time compression molding; the propellant powder blocks with different burning rates can be molded respectively, then the propellant powder blocks are bonded together by a combustible binder, and finally the propellant powder blocks are combined with the warhead into a whole. Passivation and molding of the propellant powder are all conventional techniques.

The scheme further reduces the grenade launching rifling by controlling the firing speed of the launching medicine block in a sectional way, and the principle is shown in figures 8-10: when the primer is launched, the tail section medicine block is firstly ignited, the burning speed and the gas generation speed are low, so that the rifling pressure cannot rise too fast or too high, and when the tail section medicine block is burnt out, the warhead moves forwards for a certain distance (figure 8); then the middle medicine block is ignited, the burning speed and the gas generation speed are moderate, and the space after the bullet is increased, so that the rising of the rifling pressure is not too fast and too high, and when the middle medicine block is burnt out, the bullet moves forward for a large distance (figure 9); the front block is then ignited, which burns out (fig. 10) before the bullet flies out of the muzzle, although it fires quickly, but the space behind the bullet is now quite large, so the pressure cannot rise.

The usual propellant powder is suddenly extinguished due to the rapid burning speed, so that the high and low pressure of the gun is suddenly realized, the variation is excessive, on one hand, the high pressure of the gun is realized, the rear seat is large, and the gun barrel and the locking mechanism are forced to be thickened and enlarged; on the other hand, the pressure reduction is fast, and the spring speed is not easy to be improved. The scheme adopts the sectional control propellant powder block to burn fast, and each section of pressure in the barrel is evenly distributed, so that the pressure of the bore rises slowly and falls slowly, the pressure is gentle, the backseat can be lightened, and the spring speed can be improved.

Example 3, a light rear-seat shell-less bullet gun, as shown in fig. 11, a case 16 is used for connecting all the parts of the gun, a gun barrel 14 is fixedly connected to the case, a frame 17 is connected in a sliding manner, a magazine 18 provided with a shell-less grenade 7 is inserted and connected, a group of launching mechanisms are arranged, and a return spring 19 is arranged behind the frame; the bolt 13 is inserted into the front end of the frame for telescopic running fit, the shaping convex bamboo shoots 20 on the bolt are positioned in shaping grooves 17a on the wall of the frame, the shaping grooves are provided with a longitudinal free travel groove section L1 and an oblique open and close groove section L2, the length of the L1 is about 3 times that of the conventional bolt (about 30), so that the long-distance free rear seat of the frame can be used for actively acting on the shaping convex bamboo shoots to control the bolt to open and close; the head of the gun camera is provided with taper, a group of sealing rings 21 and a group of locking convex bamboo shoots 13a are arranged from front to back, and the locking convex bamboo shoots are matched with locking clamping grooves 14a on the tail end of the gun barrel so as to lock the gun camera; the power-driven firing pin 15 supported in the center of the gun machine is made into a firing pin with the diameter about 3 times (about 10 times) that of the conventional firing pin, a jujube-shaped limit convex bamboo shoot 15a is arranged on the firing pin, two conical surfaces in front and back of the limit convex bamboo shoot are respectively corresponding to a conical pit arranged on the gun machine, the play distance of the firing pin is limited, the diameter of a firing pin tail 15b is smaller than that of the firing pin body, a pushing frame shoulder 15c is formed at the joint of the firing pin tail 15b and the firing pin tail, and the pushing frame shoulder is positioned in front of a front separator 17b of the machine frame to push a rear seat of the machine frame.

The working principle is further described below in connection with the emission process and the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 11, the frame is advanced into place, the gun stock is pushed and sprung into the bore, the locking convex bamboo shoots are buckled into the locking clamping grooves to form locking, the launching mechanism is ready to be launched (the launching mechanism and the action thereof are conventional technology), the trigger is pulled, the hammer 22 rotates upwards to collide with the tail of the striking needle, and the primer is collided and the propellant powder is ignited (the process is shown in fig. 4 to 6); the high pressure air presses the striker pin to blow back, the pushing frame shoulder collides with the front baffle of the frame, the free rear seat of the frame is pushed, and the return spring is compressed (figure 12); the striking pin body retreats for a certain distance, the rear conical surface of the limiting convex bamboo shoot is stopped by the opposite conical pit and forms a seal (figure 13); the free travel of the frame is finished by inertia, and an unlocking inclined plane on the unlocking and locking groove section starts to press and rotate the shaping convex bamboo shoots and the gun camera (figure 14); the locking clamping bamboo shoots are separated from the locking clamping grooves to unlock, the machine frame continues to inertial backseat, and the shaping groove pulls the shaping convex bamboo shoots and the gun camera to backseat together (figure 15); after the recoil is in place, the recoil spring pushes the frame and bolt to recoil (fig. 16), push the bolt, lock and enter the next cycle.

Unlike the widely adopted air guide type automatic mode at present, the scheme adopts the needle-beating type automatic mode, and can effectively reduce the recoil of the weapon: at the moment of firing the grenade, the high-pressure gas presses the firing pin body to blow back, the frame is pushed to move away from the free rear seat for a long distance, the re-entry spring is compressed, the firing pin body stops, the frame runs through a free stroke by inertia and is unlocked until the rear seat is in place, and the re-entry spring pushes the frame and the gun camera to re-enter, push and lock, so that automatic action circulation is completed. The long-distance free backseat of the machine frame has the advantages that firstly, part of energy is absorbed by the propellant powder at the moment of just burning, secondly, the long-distance free backseat of the machine frame not only absorbs more energy but also enables the backseat to be slower, thirdly, the thick needle striking body moves backwards for a long distance, the burning space is increased, and the reduction of the rifling pressure and the backseat force is facilitated; the air guide device is not needed, the structure is simplified, and the volume is reduced; and the moving parts are coaxial with the gun barrel, so that the vibration is light and the precision is good.

Example 4a light recoil caseless grenade gun according to example 3, the fixed connection of its barrel 14 and casing 16 was made to be a sliding connection, and a push tube spring 23 was sleeved on the barrel for pushing the barrel forward (as shown in fig. 17). The working principle is as shown in figures 17-20: when the gun 13 is locked, the gun barrel is blocked at the front limit position by a limit inclined plane 16a on the machine case, the trigger is pulled, the hammer is impacted upwards to the tail of the firing pin, the primer is ignited, the propellant powder is ignited (figure 17), the firing pin 15 and the front end of the gun are simultaneously pressed by high-pressure gas to retreat, the push frame shoulder 15a pushes the free rear seat of the machine frame 17, the gun is simultaneously dragged to retreat along with the gun barrel buckled with the gun barrel, the gun barrel is also compressed and pushed by the push tube spring (figure 18), the gun barrel is moved backwards for a small distance to be blocked by the compressed push tube spring, the gun is also blocked by the gun barrel and is not moved, the machine frame is moved by inertia to finish the free stroke, the unlocking inclined plane on the locking groove section presses the shaping convex bamboo shoot 20 to rotate and unlock, the machine frame continues to inertial rear seat, the shaping groove pulls the shaping convex bamboo shoot and the gun barrel together rear seat, and simultaneously, after the gun barrel is pushed forward by the push tube spring to the rear seat to the position (figure 19), the gun barrel is pushed back to the front limit position by the push tube spring to the front limit position, the gun barrel and the gun barrel is pushed and blocked, and automatic circulation is completed.

The embodiment has the advantages of reducing the recoil force and vibration, simplifying the structure and the like brought by 'power striking pin', and the rear seat of the gun barrel is slower and lighter due to the large mass and compression of the push tube spring.

Embodiment 5, the light rear-seat caseless grenade gun according to embodiment 4, the diameters of the striking pin tail 15b and the striking pin body 15 are the same, the shaping groove 17a only keeps the open-close groove section and the free travel groove section, a frame buckling bamboo shoot 24 is hinged at the rear part of the casing 16, a longitudinal push-pull rod 25 is hinged on the shaping groove, the front end of the push-pull rod is supported at the front part of the casing for sliding, a push rod spring 26 is sleeved on the push rod, the frame buckling bamboo shoot can be pushed to buckle the frame at the rear limit position, a compression rod 14b is arranged at the tail end of the gun barrel 14, and a release arm 25a on the compression rod can be used for pressing the frame buckling bamboo shoot to release the frame (as shown in fig. 21). The working principle is as shown in figures 21-25: when the gun lock is closed, the head end of the frame-buckling bamboo shoot is propped against the outer wall of the gun frame to not buckle the gun frame, the trigger is buckled, the hammer strikes the tail of the firing pin, fires the primer and ignites the propellant powder (figure 21), the front ends of the firing pin body 15 and the gun frame 13 are simultaneously pressed by high-pressure gas to generate backward movement, and the diameters of the tail of the firing pin body and the firing pin body are the same, so that the original frame-pushing shoulder 15a disappears and cannot push the front baffle of the gun frame, the gun frame does not displace relative to the gun frame and cannot unlock, and the gun frame and the gun barrel are still buckled together to push the continuous rear seat of the gun frame together (figure 22): when the three backseat is in place, the buckling groove 17c on the frame moves back to be opposite to the buckling bamboo shoot, the push rod spring pushes the buckling frame bamboo shoot to rotate downwards through the push-pull rod to be inserted into the buckling groove, the stop frame is buckled, the push tube spring 23 pushes the gun tube and the buckled gun camera to move forwards together, and the unlocking inclined plane pressed on the shaping groove is forced to rotate when the shaping convex bamboo shoot 20 moves forwards, so that the gun camera rotates to unlock (figure 23); after unlocking, stopping the shaping convex bamboo shoot by the shaping groove, stopping the gun bolt from moving forward, stopping the frame at the rear, and continuing to push the gun barrel forward by the push tube spring (fig. 24); when the gun barrel is pushed back to the front limit position, the compression bar of the gun barrel hits the release arm on the push-pull rod, the push-pull rod is pushed forward, the buckling frame bamboo shoots are pulled to rotate upwards to leave the buckling groove, the frame is released, and then the re-entry spring pushes the frame and the gun camera to re-enter (figure 25), push the bullet and lock, and automatic action circulation is completed.

The embodiment greatly slows down the recoil speed and reduces the recoil force due to the long distance recoil of the high mass barrel and compression of the push tube spring.

Embodiment 6, the light recoil caseless grenade gun according to embodiments 3, 4, 5, wherein a cup-shaped cavity with a forward opening is formed in the head of the bolt face 13, a depressurization chamber 13b (as shown in fig. 26) is formed, and the depressurization chamber is arranged to increase the propellant combustion space, thereby helping to suppress the sudden increase of the breech pressure at the instant of firing of the caseless grenade and reducing recoil.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a low-bore-pressure shell-less grenade, its shell-less grenade (7) adopts the warhead of current shelled grenade, its characterized in that: the periphery and the bottom surface of the projectile body (4) below the projectile head projectile belt (4 a) are adhered with shell-free propellant powder blocks (8), the cylindrical surface diameter of the outer surface of the peripheral propellant powder blocks is approximately the same as that of the projectile belt, a round hole is reserved in the center of the bottom surface propellant powder blocks, a primer pit (4 b) is formed in the center of the exposed projectile body bottom surface and is in threaded connection with a cylindrical primer cover (9), a central raised anvil (10) and primer powder (11) are arranged in the cover, and more than two fire transmission holes (9 a) filled with sealing glue (12) are uniformly distributed on the bottom edge of the primer cover.

2. The low bore caseless grenade of claim 1, wherein: the explosive blocks (8) are transmitted to be made into three sections of explosive blocks with different burning speeds, the explosive blocks (8 a) at the tail section, the explosive blocks (8 b) at the middle section and the explosive blocks (8 c) at the front section are sequentially and forward from the tail of the bullet, the burning speed is slowest, and the burning speed is moderate.

3. The utility model provides a light backseat shell-less grenade rifle, box receiver (16) connect frame (17), magazine (18), advance spring (19) and firing mechanism again, fixed connection barrel (14), rifle bolt (13) activity grafting is in the frame front end, and shaping protruding bamboo shoot 20 on it is arranged in shaping groove (17 a) on the frame wall, and a locking groove section, a free travel groove section are established to the shaping groove, its characterized in that: the length of the free travel groove section is about 3 times that of the conventional gun machine, the head of the gun machine is provided with taper, a group of sealing rings (21) and a group of locking convex bamboo shoots (13 a) are arranged from front to back, the diameter of the gun machine body 15 is about 3 times that of the conventional gun machine, a jujube-pit-shaped limiting convex bamboo shoot (15 a) is arranged on the free travel groove section, the front conical surface and the rear conical surface of the free travel groove section correspond to a conical pit arranged on the gun machine, the front-back movement distance of the gun machine body is limited, the diameter of the tail (15 b) of the gun machine is smaller than that of the gun machine body, a pushing frame shoulder (15 c) is formed at the joint of the front and rear sides of the gun machine frame shoulder (17 b) so as to push the rear seat of the gun machine frame.

4. A light rear seat caseless grenade gun according to claim 3, characterized in that: the gun tube (14) and the case (16) are fixedly connected into a sliding connection, and a push tube spring (23) is sleeved on the gun tube.

5. The light rear seat caseless grenade gun of claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the striking pin tail (15 b) is the same as that of the striking pin body (15), the shaping groove (17 a) only has a locking groove section but has no free travel groove section, the rear part of the casing (16) is hinged with a buckling frame bamboo shoot (24), the buckling frame bamboo shoot is hinged with a longitudinal push-pull rod (25), the front end of the push-pull rod is supported at the front part of the casing to slide, a push rod spring (26) is sleeved on the push rod, and the tail end of the gun barrel (14) is provided with a pressing rod (14 b) which can press a release arm (25 a) on the push rod.

6. The light rear seat caseless grenade gun of claims 3, 4, 5, characterized in that: a cup-shaped cavity with a forward opening is formed at the head of the gun stock (13) to form a depressurization chamber (13 b).