CN117698978A - Ship cargo hold channel ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship cargo hold channel ventilation system, which consists of ventilation air channels of all cargo hold channels arranged on a port or starboard, wherein the ventilation air channels are formed by mutually communicating all sections of cargo hold channels through openings on watertight bulkheads separating adjacent cabins; the head or tail end of the ventilation air duct is communicated with ventilation equipment at the outer side of the deck; a relay fan is arranged at the opening of each partition bulkhead, and the technological parameters of all the relay fans are the same; and a watertight air brake is arranged between the relay fan and the opening. According to the invention, by designing a new ship cargo hold channel air supply system, the space for arranging two-board equipment on the top deck of the cargo hold is saved, and the operation safety of crews is improved; the open area is reduced, so that the full-specialized comprehensive arrangement is convenient; the ventilation effect of the channel is enhanced; ensuring the safety of fresh air and positive pressure of the cabin.

Description

Ship cargo hold channel ventilation system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a ventilation system for ventilation of cargo hold channels of container ships and multipurpose ships, and belongs to the technical field of ventilation design of cargo hold areas of ships.

Background

The traditional channel ventilation system is used for independently ventilating each section of channel, each section of channel is provided with a ventilator and two external ventilation drums, and the design is simple, but two holes are arranged on a deck at the top of the channel to arrange an air inlet drum and an air outlet drum. For some shipmen, the design brings a plurality of holes and air cylinders on the deck, so that the attractive and tidy appearance of the deck surface is influenced, the risk of daily maintenance work of a shipman is increased, equipment arrangement on the deck surface tends to be reduced, so that a design has been adopted, all passages of a port side or a starboard side are opened and then are designed and calculated as a whole, the fan capacity is calculated according to the sum of all passage capacities of the port side and the starboard side, the ventilation volume requirement is huge, the size of a watertight butterfly valve matched with the holes and the holes on a bulkhead is huge for matching the whole ventilation volume between each passage, on one hand, the large-size watertight butterfly valve increases more cost, and on the other hand, the large-size holes on the bulkhead are separated to bring great challenges to whole-professional arrangement, and cable pipelines, turbine water pipes and the like are also often arranged on the bulkhead. And the design is that for a single channel, the air quantity and the pressure head are far more than self-needed, the air blowing sense in the stem channel is strong, the fan noise is large, and meanwhile, the stern ventilation effect is weakened due to the fact that the actual channel is too long. In order to better meet the eastern requirements with respect to the short plates present in the above ventilation system, while minimizing the factory costs, it is necessary to optimize and redesign the ventilation system.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the ship cargo hold channel air supply system is provided, so that space for arranging two-board equipment on the top deck of the cargo hold is saved, and the operation safety of crews is improved.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a ship cargo compartment passage ventilation system, which is composed of ventilation air ducts of all cargo compartment passages provided on a port or starboard, the ventilation air ducts being formed by mutually communicating each section of cargo compartment passage through openings in watertight bulkheads separating adjacent cabins; the head or tail end of the ventilation air duct is communicated with ventilation equipment at the outer side of the deck; the opening of each partition bulkhead is provided with a relay fan, and all the relay fans have the same technological parameters, namely fan parameters required by one channel with the largest volume in a single-side channel, namely fan capacity Q=V _max X ventilation times (usually 2 times), wherein V _max The volume of the channel with the largest volume in the single-side channel; and a watertight air brake is arranged between the relay fan and the opening.

Preferably, the ventilation device is a louver or a ventilator.

More preferably, the shutter adopts a wind-tight shutter.

More preferably, a main force fan is arranged in the ventilating duct.

More preferably, the louver is positioned at the tail end of the ventilation air duct; the ventilating duct is positioned at the head end of the ventilating duct.

Preferably, the relay fan adopts a spiral-out axial flow fan.

Preferably, the watertight damper adopts a watertight butterfly valve.

Preferably, the relay fan and the watertight damper are of detachable structures. When the relay fan fails, a shipman can quickly detach and shift the relay fan and the watertight air lock, so that the phenomenon that the air flow is blocked after the fan stops rotating is avoided.

Preferably, the system also comprises a monitoring system for monitoring and setting the relay fan and the ventilation equipment, and when the relay fan fails, the monitoring system alarms to the centralized control console.

According to the invention, by designing a new ship cargo hold channel air supply system, the space for arranging two-board equipment on the top deck of the cargo hold is saved, and the operation safety of crews is improved; materials of the air duct and the watertight butterfly valve are reduced, and cost is saved; the open area of the watertight butterfly valve is reduced, so that the comprehensive arrangement is convenient in a full-specialty way; the ventilation effect of the channel is enhanced; ensuring the safety of fresh air and positive pressure of the cabin.

The invention takes ventilation of the cargo hold channel as a whole to reduce the number of external ventilation devices, and regards the ventilation as a single channel in concrete calculation, and relay air supply is carried out by utilizing the flow property of ventilation, so that the size of the opening of the bulkhead can be reduced, and the comprehensive arrangement difficulty and the manufacturing cost of the interface of the partition bulkhead are reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the space for arranging equipment on the deck is saved, and the operation safety of the deck of a shipman is improved.

2. Materials are reduced, and cost is saved.

3. The open area is reduced, and the comprehensive arrangement is convenient.

4. Enhancing ventilation effect

For each section of channel, two fans are respectively arranged at two ends, one fan is used for feeding and the other fan is used for extracting, so that the mechanical ventilation effect is enhanced, and the air conditioner has the advantages of conventional ventilation and integral ventilation.

5. Ensuring the safety of fresh air and positive pressure of a cabin

Safety redundancy design, conventional ventilation and overall ventilation cannot be provided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a ship cargo compartment channel ventilation system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of section I of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion II of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion iii of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1-4 (arrows in the drawing indicate air flow directions), the ventilation system for the ship cargo compartment channel provided by the invention comprises ventilation pipelines arranged on a port side or a starboard side, and the ventilation pipelines can be arranged on both sides of the port side and the starboard side, and each section of channel is formed by mutually communicating through openings on a watertight bulkhead 6 separating adjacent channels; one end of the ventilating duct close to the bow is communicated with ventilating equipment on the outer side of the deck 7, and a louver 5, preferably a weather-tight louver, is arranged at one end close to the stern.

The opening of each partition bulkhead 6 is provided with a relay fan 2, preferably a screw-out axial flow fan. The technological parameters of all the relay fans 2 are the same.

A watertight damper 1 is arranged between the relay fan 2 and the opening, and a watertight butterfly valve is preferably adopted. The relay fan 2 and the watertight air brake 1 are of detachable structures.

The ventilation equipment 3 comprises a ventilation tube 4 arranged on a deck 7, and a main force fan 3 is arranged in the ventilation tube 4.

The ventilation system further comprises a monitoring system for monitoring and setting the relay fan 2 and the ventilation equipment, when the relay fan 2 fails, the monitoring system alarms for the centralized control platform, and a shipman can quickly detach and shift the relay fan and the watertight damper to avoid blocking ventilation and guiding after the fan stops running.

The ventilation system is connected with the passages of all the cargo holds on one side through watertight butterfly valves, and the passages are used as a whole for ventilation design, so that the number of two deck ventilation drums arranged on a single passage for ventilation of a conventional passage is reduced to the greatest extent; in the concrete calculation, the unilateral channel is regarded as the connection of a plurality of single channels, the unilateral channel is provided with N sections, and the maximum volume V is only taken _max Is a section of channel ventilation quantity Q _max As the maximum air volume calculation value, the air volume value of the relay fan 2 on the single-side channel is also used, and a screw-out axial flow fan is arranged at each watertight butterfly valve and used as a fan for ventilation volume flow between the channels. Maximum air quantity Q _max The fan parameter required for the channel with the largest volume in the single-side channel, namely Q _max ＝V _max X ventilation times (usually 2 times), wherein V _max The volume of the channel with the largest volume in the single-side channel is the fan capacity Q=Q _max ＝V _max X ventilation times.

The air flow is blown from the outside of the ventilation duct to Q through the ventilation tube 4 _max The main force fan 3 of the air pump is sucked into the ventilating duct, flows from the bow to the stern, is sucked by the relay fan 2 at the tail part of each section of the channel, enters the next section of the channel through the watertight damper 1, reaches the stern, and is blown out of the room through the louver 5.

The working principle of the invention is that the channels of all cargo holds on one side are connected through watertight butterfly valves, and the channels are used as a whole for ventilation design, so that the number of two deck ventilation drums arranged on a single ventilation channel of a conventional channel is reduced to the greatest extent; and in the concrete calculation, all the ventilation pipelines are regarded as the connection of a plurality of single channels, the ventilation quantity of a section of channel with the largest volume is taken as the maximum air quantity calculation value, and an axial flow fan is arranged at the watertight butterfly valve of each interface and is taken as a relay fan for ventilation quantity flow among the channels. By combining the two considerations, the invention has the advantages of the integral design of the ventilating duct and the single design of each channel, can well meet the requirements of shipmen, reduces the comprehensive arrangement difficulty of shipyards and reduces the manufacturing cost of the ventilating duct air supply.

Claims (10)

1. A ship cargo compartment channel ventilation system, characterized in that the ventilation system is composed of ventilation air channels of all cargo compartment channels arranged on a port or starboard, wherein the ventilation air channels are formed by mutually communicating all cargo compartment channels through openings on watertight bulkheads (6) separating adjacent cabins; the head or tail end of the ventilation air duct is communicated with ventilation equipment (3) at the outer side of the deck (7); the opening of each partition bulkhead (6) is provided with a relay fan (2), and the technological parameters of all the relay fans (2) are the same, and are fan parameters required by the channel with the largest volume in the single-side channel, namely, the fan capacity Q=V _max X ventilation times, wherein V _max The volume of the channel with the largest volume in the single-side channel; a watertight air brake (1) is arranged between the relay fan (2) and the open hole.

2. A ship cargo hold channel ventilation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the number of air changes is 2.

3. A ship cargo hold channel ventilation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ventilation device (3) is a louver (5) or a ventilator (4).

4. A ship cargo compartment channel ventilation system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the louver is a wind-tight louver.

5. A ship cargo hold channel ventilation system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the ventilation funnel (4) is provided with a main force fan (3).

6. A ship cargo hold channel ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that the louver (5) is located at the tail end of the ventilation duct; the ventilating duct (4) is positioned at the head end of the ventilating duct.

7. A ship cargo compartment channel ventilation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the relay fan (2) is a screw-out axial fan.

8. A ship cargo compartment channel ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the watertight damper (1) is a watertight butterfly valve.

9. A ship cargo compartment channel ventilation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the relay fan (2), the watertight damper (1) are of a detachable construction.

10. A ship cargo compartment channel ventilation system as claimed in claims 1-9, characterized by a monitoring system for monitoring the arrangement of the relay fan (2), the ventilation equipment, and in case of failure of the relay fan (2), the monitoring system gives an alarm to the centralized control station.