CN117685197A

CN117685197A - Crankshaft, compressor and refrigeration equipment

Info

Publication number: CN117685197A
Application number: CN202311570337.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王松; 陈会平; 吴丽华; 莫昭妮
Original assignee: Wanbao Group Compressor Co ltd; Guangzhou Industrial Control Wanbao Compressor Co ltd
Current assignee: Wanbao Group Compressor Co ltd; Guangzhou Industrial Control Wanbao Compressor Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-11-22
Filing date: 2023-11-22
Publication date: 2024-03-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a crankshaft, a compressor and refrigeration equipment, comprising: the crankshaft body comprises a main shaft part and an eccentric part, wherein an axial concave cavity is formed in the end face of one end, far away from the eccentric part, of the main shaft part, and an oil guide hole extending from the axial concave cavity to the direction of the eccentric part is formed in the main shaft part; the oil pumping assembly comprises a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is arranged in the axial concave cavity along the axis of the main shaft part, the connecting shaft extends from a first end to a second end along the length direction, the first end is connected with the crankshaft body, and the second end is provided with oil pumping blades. Specifically in operation, the crankshaft is arranged in the compressor, the tail of the crankshaft is soaked in the oil pool, and when the oil pumping blade works, the oil pumping blade generates vertical upward thrust to the refrigerating machine oil, so that the effect of lifting the liquid level of the refrigerating machine oil in the crankshaft is achieved, and the oil pumping capacity of the crankshaft can be effectively improved.

Description

Crankshaft, compressor and refrigeration equipment

Technical Field

The invention is used in the field of compressors, and particularly relates to a crankshaft, a compressor and refrigeration equipment.

Background

The refrigerator compressor consists of a pump body and a shell. The pump body is driven by an electric motor to do high-speed movement. And the moving parts such as a crankshaft friction pair, a connecting rod friction pair, a piston friction pair and the like which move at high speed all need sufficient fluid lubrication to ensure the long-term service life reliability of the compressor.

The compressor pump body is vertically arranged in the compressor shell, the cylinder head is arranged on the upper part, and the motor is arranged on the lower part. The compressor generally adopts the centrifugal force oil pumping principle, and utilizes the high-speed rotation motion of a crankshaft, and refrigerating machine oil passes through an oil path in the crankshaft and is pumped to each friction pair of a moving part for lubrication. Refrigerating machine oil is injected into the shell through a process pipe of the compressor and is stored at the bottom of the lower shell. The tail of the crankshaft in the pump body of the compressor is soaked in an oil pool and has a certain insertion depth. To save material costs, the compressor typically injects less refrigerator oil, and therefore the depth to which the crankshaft tail is immersed in the sump is shallow. Because of the shallower oil immersion depth, the crank shaft has very strong oil pumping capability to meet the oil pumping lubrication requirement. As compressors become smaller and smaller, crankshafts become thinner and thinner, and oil pumping capacity is severely reduced; meanwhile, the oil pumping capacity of the variable frequency compressor is seriously reduced at a low rotating speed. The impaired pumping capacity can seriously affect the reliability of the compressor.

In order to improve the oil pumping capacity of a crankshaft, an oil suction pipe is additionally arranged at the tail part of the crankshaft, and an oil scraping sheet is arranged in the oil suction pipe. The scraping plate can be straight, arc-shaped or distorted and shaped. The oil scraping sheet plays a role in improving the rotating speed of the refrigerating machine oil, and can slightly improve the oil pumping capacity of the crankshaft. However, the refrigerator oil in the oil suction pipe can be driven by the crankshaft and the oil scraping plate to rotate together, and when the compressor works to be balanced, the rotating speed of the refrigerator oil is almost the same as that of the crankshaft and the oil scraping plate, and at the moment, the refrigerator oil and the oil scraping plate have almost no relative speed, so that the effect of improving the oil pumping capacity is lost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a crankshaft, a compressor and refrigeration equipment.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:

in a first aspect, a crankshaft comprises:

the crankshaft body comprises a main shaft part and an eccentric part, wherein an axial concave cavity is formed in the end face of one end, far away from the eccentric part, of the main shaft part, and an oil guide hole extending from the axial concave cavity to the direction of the eccentric part is formed in the main shaft part;

the oil pumping assembly comprises a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft extends from a first end to a second end along the length direction, the connecting shaft is arranged in the axial cavity along the axis of the main shaft part, the first end extends towards the inside of the axial cavity and is connected to the crankshaft body, and the second end is provided with an oil pumping blade.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the oil pumping blade includes a multi-piece axial flow blade, at least part of the oil pumping blade is exposed out of an end face of the crankshaft body, and an exposed height dimension of the oil pumping blade is 0.5-5 mm.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, an air guide groove extending along an axial direction is provided on an outer side surface of the crankshaft body, the main shaft portion is provided with a mounting hole extending along the axial direction by the axial cavity, a first end of the connecting shaft is connected to the mounting hole, the mounting hole extends for a certain length, an air hole communicated to the air guide groove is provided at an end, and at least one of the connecting shaft and the main shaft portion is provided with an air passage communicated with the air hole and the axial cavity.

In combination with the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the air hole penetrates through the crankshaft in a radial direction of the main shaft portion, a first end of the connecting shaft is inserted into the mounting hole, a avoidance groove formed along an axial direction is formed at the first end of the connecting shaft, elastic arms are formed at two sides of the avoidance groove by the connecting shaft, a slide fastener used for being fastened in the air hole is arranged at the outer side of the elastic arms, a through hole used for communicating the avoidance groove with the air hole is formed in the slide fastener, and the through hole and the avoidance groove form the air passage.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, a first end of the connecting shaft is screwed to the mounting hole.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the connecting shaft is welded to the main shaft portion after passing through the mounting hole, an outer diameter of the connecting shaft is smaller than a hole diameter of the mounting hole, and a gap between the connecting shaft and the mounting hole forms the air passage.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the oil guide hole includes a first oil guide hole and a second oil guide hole, the first oil guide hole extends from the axial cavity to an outer wall of the main shaft portion in an inclined manner, and is provided with a first oil drain hole at a terminal end, the second oil guide hole extends from the axial cavity to the outer wall of the main shaft portion in an inclined manner, and is provided with a second oil drain hole at a terminal end, and a first spiral oil groove and a second spiral oil groove are provided on an outer wall surface of the main shaft portion, and the first oil drain hole is connected with the first spiral oil groove, and the second oil drain hole is connected with the second spiral oil groove.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, an outer wall surface of the spindle portion is provided with a ring groove, a first spiral oil groove and a second spiral oil groove that extend spirally meet in the ring groove, and the ring groove is provided with a third spiral oil groove that continues to extend spirally toward the eccentric portion.

In a second aspect, a compressor includes a crankshaft according to any implementation of the first aspect.

In a third aspect, a refrigeration device includes a compressor according to any implementation of the second aspect.

One of the above technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: according to the technical scheme, the axial concave cavity is formed in the end face of one end, far away from the eccentric part, of the main shaft part, the oil storage cavity is formed in the bottom of the main shaft part through the axial concave cavity, and the oil pumping assembly is further arranged in the oil storage cavity. Specifically in operation, the crankshaft is arranged in the compressor, the tail of the crankshaft is soaked in the oil pool, and when the oil pumping blade works, the oil pumping blade generates vertical upward thrust to the refrigerating machine oil, so that the effect of lifting the liquid level of the refrigerating machine oil in the crankshaft is achieved, and the oil pumping capacity of the crankshaft can be effectively improved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a first cross-sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of a first embodiment of a crankshaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second cross-sectional schematic view of the internal structure of one embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the internal structure of the crankshaft body of one embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a structural view of the one embodiment pump assembly shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a second embodiment of the crankshaft of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the configuration of an oil pumping assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a third embodiment of a crankshaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the configuration of an oil pumping assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the compressor of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, if directions (up, down, left, right, front and rear) are described, they are merely for convenience of description of the technical solution of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the technical features must be in a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, "a plurality of" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more, and "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. are understood to not include the present number; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include this number. In the description of the present invention, the description of "first" and "second" if any is used solely for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features and not necessarily for the purpose of indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the present invention, unless clearly defined otherwise, terms such as "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and the like should be construed broadly and may be connected directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, for example; the connecting device can be fixedly connected, detachably connected and integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or capable of communicating with each other; may be a communication between two elements or an interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the words in the invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

Wherein fig. 9 shows a reference direction coordinate system of an embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the directions shown in fig. 9.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, an embodiment of the present invention provides a crankshaft including a crankshaft body 100 and an oil pumping assembly 200, wherein the crankshaft body 100 includes a main shaft portion 101 and an eccentric portion 102, the main shaft portion 101 is for connection with a rotor 300 of a motor, and the rotor 300 is driven to rotate about its own axis. The eccentric portion 102 is used for connecting with a connecting rod to drive a piston to reciprocate, so that reciprocating compression of the refrigerant is realized.

The main shaft portion 101 is provided with an axial cavity 103 on an end face of one end far away from the eccentric portion 102, the bottom of the main shaft portion 101 forms a tubular structure through the axial cavity 103, an oil storage cavity is formed inside the main shaft portion 101, and an oil guide hole extending from the axial cavity 103 to the direction of the eccentric portion 102 is formed inside the main shaft portion 101.

The oil pumping assembly 200 includes a connecting shaft 201, the connecting shaft 201 extending from a first end to a second end along a length direction, the connecting shaft 201 being disposed in the axial cavity 103 along an axis of the main shaft portion 101, the first end extending inward of the axial cavity 103 and being connected to the crankshaft body 100, the second end extending outward of the axial cavity 103 and being provided with oil pumping vanes 202.

Under the action of centrifugal force, the oil pumping capacity calculation formula of the crankshaft is as follows: y=w ² x ² /(2g)+y ₀ Wherein y is the pumping height, w is the crankshaft rotational angular velocity, x is the crankshaft radius, g is the gravitational acceleration, y ₀ Is the initial liquid level. It is known that the lower rotational speed and smaller crank radius seriously affect the pumping capacity of the crankshaft. And, the higher initial liquid level can improve the oil pumping capacity. In combination with the above technical principle, in the technical solution of the present invention, an axial cavity 103 is provided on an end surface of the main shaft portion 101 away from the eccentric portion 102, and an oil storage cavity is formed at the bottom of the main shaft portion 101 through the axial cavity 103, and an oil pumping assembly 200 is further provided in the oil storage cavity. In particular, in operation, the liquid level of the lower shell oil pool is shown in fig. 1 and 9,a, and b is the liquid level in the oil storage cavity of the crankshaft after the axial flow oil pump is lifted. The crankshaft is arranged on the compressor, the tail of the crankshaft is soaked in the oil pool, and when the oil pumping blade 202 works, vertical upward thrust is generated on refrigerating machine oil, so that the effect of lifting the liquid level of the refrigerating machine oil in the crankshaft is achieved, and the oil pumping capacity of the crankshaft can be effectively improved. In other words, the oil pump system of the invention can effectively improve y ₀ Y is also increased correspondingly, thus can be effectively increasedOil pumping capability of the crankshaft.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1-8, the pumping vane 202 includes a multi-piece axial flow vane, at least a portion of the pumping vane 202 is exposed outside the end surface of the crankshaft body 100, for the purpose of increasing the relative speed between the vane and the refrigerating machine oil, because the refrigerating machine oil inside the crankshaft is rotated and driven with a high angular velocity, so if the pumping vane 202 is placed inside the oil storage chamber at the end of the crankshaft, the relative speed between the refrigerating machine oil and the vane is small, and at this time, the driving force of the vane on the refrigerating machine oil is small, which seriously affects the pumping capability of the vane.

Further, the exposed height of the oil pumping vane 202 is 0.5-5 mm, and if the exposed height is too large, the fluid resistance is correspondingly increased, which increases the power consumption of the compressor and reduces the efficiency of the compressor.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, 5, and 9, the outer side surface of the crankshaft body 100 is provided with an air guide groove 104 extending in the axial direction, and the air guide groove 104 is used to form a gap when being matched with the rotor. The main shaft portion 101 is provided with a mounting hole 105 extending in the axial direction from the axial cavity 103, a first end of the connecting shaft 201 is connected to the mounting hole 105, the mounting hole 105 extends for a certain length, and is provided with an air hole 106 at a distal end thereof, which is communicated with the air guide groove 104, and at least one of the connecting shaft 201 and the main shaft portion 101 is provided with an air passage, which is communicated with the air hole 106 and the axial cavity 103. When the oil pumping assembly 200 works, initial gas in the axial cavity 103 can enter the gas guide groove 104 through the gas passage and the gas holes 106, and the gas guide groove 104 further guides other gas in the gas holes 106 of the crankshaft to be discharged from a gap between the cylinder seat and the rotor 300, so that the effect of guiding the gas in the crankshaft to be discharged outwards is achieved, gas blockage is avoided, and oil pumping efficiency of the crankshaft is affected.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1-4, the air hole 106 penetrates through the crankshaft in the radial direction of the main shaft portion 101, the first end of the connecting shaft 201 is inserted into the mounting hole 105, the first end of the connecting shaft 201 is provided with an avoidance groove 203 which is formed in the axial direction, the connecting shaft 201 forms elastic arms 204 on two sides of the avoidance groove 203, a slide button 205 which is used for being buckled in the air hole 106 is arranged on the outer side of the elastic arms 204, the slide button 205 is symmetrically arranged, the side surface of the slide button 205 is an inclined conical surface with a small upper part and a large lower part, the slide button 205 is provided with a through hole 206 which is communicated with the avoidance groove 203 and the air hole 106, and the through hole 206 and the avoidance groove 203 form an air passage. When the oil pumping assembly 200 is assembled, the connecting shaft 201 is inserted into the mounting hole 105 in the middle of the crankshaft to push upwards, and the elastic arm 204 is extruded to be folded towards the middle after the slide button 205 is stressed; when the slider 205 reaches the position of the air hole 106 of the crankshaft, the elastic arm 204 is opened, and the slider 205 is buckled in the air hole 106 of the crankshaft to form self-locking, thereby completing reliable connection. When the compressor works, gas in the inner space of the crankshaft enters the through hole 206 of the slide fastener 205 through the avoidance groove 203 of the connecting shaft 201, is discharged into the air hole 106 of the crankshaft, and is further discharged out of the movement. The invention has simple structure, reliable connection and strong oil pumping capacity.

Instead of using a slider 205 mechanism to connect the pumping assembly 200 to the crankshaft, other means may be used, such as in some embodiments, the first end of the connecting shaft 201 being threaded into the mounting bore 105, as shown in fig. 5 and 6. Namely, a threaded section is arranged at one end of the connecting shaft 201, a threaded hole is correspondingly arranged in the crankshaft, and the connection is completed in a threaded fit mode.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the end of the connecting shaft 201 of the oil pumping unit 200 may be friction-welded to the inside of the crankshaft, and the connecting shaft 201 may be welded to the main shaft 101 after passing through the mounting hole 105. In order to ensure the smoothness of the air path, the outer diameter of the connecting shaft 201 is smaller than the aperture of the mounting hole 105, and the gap between the connecting shaft 201 and the mounting hole 105 forms an air passage for exhausting air.

The oil guiding holes may be designed by a single oil guiding hole or multiple oil guiding holes, the oil guiding holes may be vertical (the oil guiding hole axis is parallel to the crankshaft axis), or inclined (the oil guiding hole axis forms a certain included angle with the crankshaft axis), for example, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the oil guiding holes include a first oil guiding hole 107 and a second oil guiding hole 108, the first oil guiding hole 107 and the second oil guiding hole 108 are symmetrically distributed, the inclined angle is 1 ° to 6 °, the first oil guiding hole 107 extends from the axial cavity 103 to the outer wall of the main shaft 101, a first oil draining hole 109 is arranged at the end, the second oil guiding hole 108 extends from the axial cavity 103 to the outer wall of the main shaft 101, a second oil draining hole 110 is arranged at the end, a first spiral oil groove 111 and a second spiral oil groove 112 are arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft 101, the first oil draining hole 109 is connected with the first spiral oil groove 111, and the second oil draining hole 110 is connected with the second spiral oil groove 112. The lubricating oil pumped through the oil pumping assembly 200 is guided to be lifted by the first and second oil guide holes 107 and 108, and the first and second spiral oil grooves 111 and 112. The double oil way structure of the crankshaft further improves the oil pumping capacity.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the outer wall surface of the main shaft portion 101 is provided with a ring groove 113, and the ring groove 113 forms a friction reducing section, thereby reducing friction resistance and improving performance of the compressor. The first spiral oil groove 111 and the second spiral oil groove 112 which extend spirally meet in the annular groove 113, and the annular groove 113 is provided with a third spiral oil groove 114 which continues to extend spirally in the direction of the eccentric portion 102. The third spiral oil groove 114 further guides the refrigerating machine oil to flow into the third oil drain hole 115 and further into the crankshaft eccentric portion 102, so that oil slinging splash lubrication is realized.

It will be appreciated that the oil guiding hole may extend directly to the eccentric portion 102 to achieve oil slinging splash lubrication.

Referring to fig. 9, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a compressor including the crankshaft of any of the above embodiments.

In order to improve rigidity of the crankshaft and the connecting shaft 201, the height position of the air hole 106 of the crankshaft is low. After the compressor is assembled, a gap is formed between the cylinder block and the rotor 300 for gas evacuation. The air hole 106 of the main shaft 101 of the crankshaft is located at a distance from the gap, so that an air groove is formed on one side of the crankshaft for communicating the air hole 106 with the gap, thereby exhausting air.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a refrigeration apparatus including a compressor in any of the above embodiments. The refrigerating apparatus includes an air conditioner, a refrigerator, and the like.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "example," "embodiment," or "some embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The present invention is, of course, not limited to the above-described embodiments, and one skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A crankshaft, comprising:

2. The crankshaft of claim 1, wherein the pumping vane comprises a multi-plate axial flow vane, at least a portion of the pumping vane is exposed from an end face of the crankshaft body, and the exposed height dimension of the pumping vane is 0.5-5 mm.

3. The crankshaft according to claim 1, wherein an air guide groove extending in the axial direction is formed in the outer side surface of the crankshaft body, the main shaft portion is provided with a mounting hole extending in the axial direction from the axial cavity, the first end of the connecting shaft is connected to the mounting hole, the mounting hole extends for a certain length, an air hole communicated with the air guide groove is formed in the tail end of the connecting shaft, and at least one of the connecting shaft and the main shaft portion is provided with an air passage communicated with the air hole and the axial cavity.

4. A crankshaft according to claim 3, wherein the air hole penetrates the crankshaft in the radial direction of the main shaft portion, the first end of the connecting shaft is inserted into the mounting hole, the first end of the connecting shaft is provided with an avoidance groove formed in the axial direction, the connecting shaft is provided with elastic arms on two sides of the avoidance groove, a slide fastener used for being buckled in the air hole is arranged on the outer side of the elastic arms, the slide fastener is provided with a through hole communicated with the avoidance groove and the air hole, and the through hole and the avoidance groove form the air passage.

5. A crankshaft as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first end of the connecting shaft is screw-coupled to the mounting hole.

6. A crankshaft according to claim 3, wherein the connecting shaft is welded to the main shaft portion after passing through the mounting hole, the outer diameter of the connecting shaft is smaller than the aperture of the mounting hole, and the gap between the connecting shaft and the mounting hole forms the air passage.

7. The crankshaft according to claim 1, wherein the oil guide hole includes a first oil guide hole extending obliquely from the axial cavity toward the outer wall of the main shaft portion and provided with a first oil drain hole at a distal end, and a second oil guide hole extending obliquely from the axial cavity toward the outer wall of the main shaft portion and provided with a first spiral oil groove and a second spiral oil groove at a distal end, the outer wall surface of the main shaft portion being provided with the first oil drain hole connected with the first spiral oil groove and the second oil drain hole connected with the second spiral oil groove.

8. The crankshaft according to claim 7, wherein an outer wall surface of the main shaft portion is provided with a ring groove, the first and second spiral oil grooves extending spirally meet the ring groove, and the ring groove is provided with a third spiral oil groove extending spirally in a direction of the eccentric portion.

9. A compressor comprising a crankshaft according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A refrigeration apparatus comprising a compressor as recited in claim 9.