CN117663800A - An energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace - Google Patents
An energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN117663800A CN117663800A CN202211053336.5A CN202211053336A CN117663800A CN 117663800 A CN117663800 A CN 117663800A CN 202211053336 A CN202211053336 A CN 202211053336A CN 117663800 A CN117663800 A CN 117663800A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J12/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- B01J12/005—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor carried out at high temperatures, e.g. by pyrolysis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
- F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了石油化工技术领域中的一种节能高温气体加热炉，其包括底烧燃烧器、侧烧燃烧器、辐射炉膛、辐射炉管、辐射炉膛烟气出口，其特征在于：还包括工艺介质进口集合管、工艺介质出口集合管、对流换热模块和烟气排放口，所述底烧燃烧器设置在辐射炉膛底部，且位于辐射炉管两侧；侧烧燃烧器设置在辐射炉膛侧面，且位于辐射炉管中间。采用本发明可以有效改善加热炉辐射炉膛传热效率，一定程度上降低辐射炉管管壁温度，进而解决炉管内结焦和热裂解风险、造价高和运行能耗高等问题。
The invention discloses an energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace in the technical field of petrochemical industry. It includes a bottom burning burner, a side burning burner, a radiant furnace, a radiant furnace tube, and a radiant furnace flue gas outlet. It is characterized in that: it also includes a process Medium inlet manifold, process medium outlet manifold, convection heat exchange module and flue gas discharge port. The bottom burning burner is arranged at the bottom of the radiant furnace and is located on both sides of the radiant furnace tube; the side burning burner is arranged on the side of the radiant furnace. , and is located in the middle of the radiant furnace tube. The present invention can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency of the radiant furnace of the heating furnace, reduce the temperature of the radiant furnace tube wall to a certain extent, and thereby solve the problems of coking and thermal cracking risks in the furnace tube, high cost and high operating energy consumption.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及石油化工领域的一种高温气体加热炉，尤其是轻烃裂解反应加热炉和重整反应加热炉领域。The invention relates to a high-temperature gas heating furnace in the field of petrochemical industry, especially in the field of light hydrocarbon cracking reaction heating furnace and reforming reaction heating furnace.
背景技术Background technique
石油化工领域中高温气体加热炉应用广泛，如轻烃脱氢制烯烃装置反应器进料加热炉、重整反应进料加热炉等。这些气体加热炉工艺介质温度高，热裂解倾向大，对应的加热炉局部区域辐射炉管管壁温度高，给正常运行带来安全风险，也会影响工艺产品收率。High-temperature gas heating furnaces are widely used in the petrochemical industry, such as reactor feed heating furnaces for light hydrocarbon dehydrogenation to olefins units, reforming reaction feed heating furnaces, etc. The process medium temperature of these gas heating furnaces is high, and the thermal cracking tendency is large. The corresponding radiant furnace tube wall temperature in local areas of the heating furnace is high, which brings safety risks to normal operation and also affects the yield of process products.
基于上述高温气体加热炉的关键问题，现有解决办法主要有两个，一是降低炉管热强度使管壁温度降低，二是在管壁高温区域设置陶纤隔热覆盖物使管壁降低。前者辐射炉管热强度整体降低后，高合金炉管用量增大，造成装置造价高。后者有两个影响，一是降低传热效率，造成加热炉能耗增加；二是炉管表面的套现隔热覆盖物运行中有脱落可能，有一定的运行风险。Based on the above-mentioned key problems of high-temperature gas heating furnaces, there are two main existing solutions. One is to reduce the thermal intensity of the furnace tube to reduce the temperature of the tube wall. The second is to install a ceramic fiber insulation covering in the high-temperature area of the tube wall to reduce the tube wall temperature. . After the overall thermal intensity of the radiant furnace tubes in the former decreases, the consumption of high-alloy furnace tubes increases, resulting in high equipment costs. The latter has two effects. First, it reduces the heat transfer efficiency and increases the energy consumption of the heating furnace. Second, the cash-in insulation covering on the surface of the furnace tube may fall off during operation, which poses certain operational risks.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提出一种节能高温气体加热炉结构，可以有效改善加热炉辐射炉膛传热效率，一定程度上降低辐射炉管管壁温度，进而减小炉管内热裂解和结焦风险，能够节省高合金炉管用量降低投资，减少燃料用量实现节能降耗。The invention proposes an energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace structure, which can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency of the radiant furnace of the heating furnace, reduce the temperature of the radiant furnace tube wall to a certain extent, thereby reducing the risk of thermal cracking and coking in the furnace tube, and can save high-alloy furnaces. Pipe usage reduces investment and fuel usage to achieve energy conservation and consumption reduction.
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述目的。The present invention achieves the above object through the following technical means.
一种节能高温气体加热炉，其包括底烧燃烧器、侧烧燃烧器、辐射炉膛、辐射炉管、辐射炉膛烟气出口，其特征在于：还包括工艺介质进口集合管、工艺介质出口集合管、对流换热模块和烟气排放口，所述底烧燃烧器设置在辐射炉膛底部，且位于辐射炉管两侧；侧烧燃烧器设置在辐射炉膛侧面，且位于辐射炉管中间；所述辐射炉管位于辐射炉膛内，所述工艺介质进口集合管、工艺介质出口集合管与辐射炉管连接，且位于辐射炉膛顶部炉外；烟气出口位于辐射炉管两侧，过渡烟道起始于辐射炉膛烟气出口，最后连接到汇合烟道，所述对流换热模块和烟气排放口依次位于汇合烟道上部。An energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace, which includes a bottom-burning burner, a side-burning burner, a radiant furnace, a radiant furnace tube, and a radiant furnace flue gas outlet. It is characterized by: it also includes a process medium inlet collection pipe and a process medium outlet collection pipe. , convection heat exchange module and flue gas discharge port, the bottom burning burner is arranged at the bottom of the radiant furnace and is located on both sides of the radiant furnace tube; the side burning burner is arranged on the side of the radiant furnace and is located in the middle of the radiant furnace tube; The radiant furnace tube is located in the radiant furnace. The process medium inlet collection tube and the process medium outlet collection tube are connected to the radiant furnace tube and are located outside the furnace at the top of the radiant furnace. The flue gas outlet is located on both sides of the radiant furnace tube, and the transition flue starts. The flue gas outlet of the radiant furnace is finally connected to the converging flue, and the convection heat exchange module and the flue gas discharge port are located in the upper part of the converging flue.
本发明一种节能高温气体加热炉，其进一步特征在于：所述底烧燃烧器和侧烧燃烧器可以是同型号燃烧器，也可以是不同结构或负荷的燃烧器。An energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace of the present invention is further characterized in that: the bottom-burning burner and the side-burning burner can be burners of the same type, or they can be burners with different structures or loads.
本发明一种节能高温气体加热炉，其进一步特征在于：所述辐射炉管一端与工艺介质进口集合管相连，另一端与工艺介质出口集合管相连，辐射炉管位于辐射炉膛内部，工艺介质进出口集合管位于辐射炉膛顶部炉外。The present invention is an energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace, which is further characterized in that: one end of the radiant furnace tube is connected to the process medium inlet collection pipe, and the other end is connected to the process medium outlet collection pipe. The radiant furnace tube is located inside the radiant furnace, and the process medium enters the furnace. The outlet manifold is located outside the furnace at the top of the radiant furnace.
本发明一种节能高温气体加热炉，其进一步特征在于：所述辐射炉膛顶部设置的两个或多个辐射炉膛烟气出口，其尺寸可以相同，也可以不同。An energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace of the present invention is further characterized in that the two or more radiant furnace flue gas outlets provided on the top of the radiant furnace can have the same or different sizes.
本发明一种节能高温气体加热炉，其进一步特征在于：所述对流换热模块和烟气排放口设置一个或两个，且对流换热模块均在汇合烟道上方，烟气排放口在对流换热模块上方。An energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace of the present invention is further characterized in that: one or two convection heat exchange modules and flue gas discharge ports are provided, and the convection heat exchange modules are both above the converging flue, and the flue gas discharge port is above the convection flue. Above the heat exchange module.
本发明一种节能高温气体加热炉，其进一步特征在于：所述辐射炉管结构形式为正U型。The present invention is an energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace, which is further characterized in that the structural form of the radiant furnace tube is a positive U-shape.
本发明根据高温气体加热炉的工艺、结构和传热特点，其可以有效改善加热炉辐射炉膛传热效率，一定程度上降低辐射炉管管壁温度，进而解决炉管内结焦和热裂解风险、造价高和运行能耗高等问题。Based on the process, structure and heat transfer characteristics of the high-temperature gas heating furnace, the present invention can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency of the radiant furnace of the heating furnace, reduce the temperature of the radiant furnace tube wall to a certain extent, and thereby solve the risk of coking and thermal cracking in the furnace tube and the cost. Problems such as high energy consumption and high operating energy consumption.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1所示为本发明一种节能高温气体加热炉结构示意图，Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving high-temperature gas heating furnace of the present invention.
图2所示为附图1的A-A剖视图，Figure 2 shows the A-A cross-sectional view of Figure 1,
图3所示为附图1的B-B剖视图。Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view along line B-B of Figure 1 .
图中所示附图标记为：1-底烧燃烧器、2-侧烧燃烧器、3-辐射炉管、4-辐射炉膛、5-辐射炉膛两侧烟气出口、6-辐射炉膛中间烟气出口、7-过渡烟道、8-工艺介质进口集合管、9-工艺介质出口集合管、10-汇合烟道、11-对流换热模块、12-烟气排放口The reference marks shown in the figure are: 1-bottom fired burner, 2-side fired burner, 3-radiant furnace tube, 4-radiant furnace, 5-flue gas outlets on both sides of the radiant furnace, 6-middle smoke of radiant furnace Gas outlet, 7-transition flue, 8-process medium inlet collection pipe, 9-process medium outlet collection pipe, 10-merging flue, 11-convection heat exchange module, 12-flue gas discharge port
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图1-3来说明本发明。The present invention will be described below in conjunction with Figures 1-3.
实施例1Example 1
如附图1实施例高温气体加热炉包括底烧燃烧器1、侧烧燃烧器2、辐射炉管3、辐射炉膛4、辐射炉膛两侧烟气出口5、辐射炉膛两侧烟气出口6、过渡烟道7、工艺介质进口集合管8、工艺介质出口集合管9、汇合烟道10、对流换热模块11和烟气排放口12。As shown in Figure 1, the high-temperature gas heating furnace in the embodiment includes a bottom-burning burner 1, a side-burning burner 2, a radiant furnace tube 3, a radiant furnace 4, flue gas outlets 5 on both sides of the radiant furnace, and flue gas outlets 6 on both sides of the radiant furnace. Transition flue 7, process medium inlet manifold 8, process medium outlet manifold 9, converging flue 10, convection heat exchange module 11 and flue gas discharge port 12.
如附图2和附图3所示，底烧燃烧器1安装在辐射炉膛3底部，且位于辐射炉管4两侧；侧烧燃烧器2安装在辐射炉膛4侧面，且位于辐射炉管3中间，底烧燃烧器1与侧烧燃烧器2采用不同结构形式的燃烧器，两种燃烧器都使燃烧火焰稳定，不发散。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the bottom-burning burner 1 is installed at the bottom of the radiant furnace 3 and is located on both sides of the radiant furnace tube 4; the side-burning burner 2 is installed on the side of the radiant furnace 4 and is located on the radiant furnace tube 3 In the middle, the bottom burning burner 1 and the side burning burner 2 adopt different structural types of burners. Both burners make the combustion flame stable and not divergent.
如图1所示，辐射炉管3结构形式为正U型，位于辐射炉膛4内部；工艺介质进口集合管8和工艺介质出口集合管9位于辐射炉膛4顶部炉膛外，且工艺介质进口集合管8连接辐射炉管3的一端，工艺介质出口集合管9连接辐射炉管3的另一端；辐射炉膛4顶部在辐射炉管两侧共设置三个辐射炉膛烟气出口5，且三个烟气出口5的尺寸不同，具体是两侧烟道尺寸相同，中间烟气出口尺寸是两侧烟气出口5尺寸的两倍宽度。As shown in Figure 1, the radiant furnace tube 3 has a positive U-shaped structure and is located inside the radiant furnace 4; the process medium inlet collection pipe 8 and the process medium outlet collection pipe 9 are located outside the top of the radiant furnace 4, and the process medium inlet collection pipe 8 is connected to one end of the radiant furnace tube 3, and the process medium outlet collection pipe 9 is connected to the other end of the radiant furnace tube 3; a total of three radiant furnace flue gas outlets 5 are provided on both sides of the radiant furnace tube at the top of the radiant furnace 4, and the three flue gas The size of the outlet 5 is different. Specifically, the size of the flue on both sides is the same, and the size of the middle flue gas outlet is twice the width of the size of the flue gas outlet 5 on both sides.
过渡烟道7起始于辐射炉膛烟气出口5和辐射炉膛烟气出口6最后连接到汇合烟道10。设置一个对流换热模块12，位于汇合烟道10上方，烟气排放口9也设置一个，其位于对流换热模块8上方。The transition flue 7 starts from the radiant furnace flue gas outlet 5 and the radiant furnace flue gas outlet 6 is finally connected to the converging flue 10 . A convection heat exchange module 12 is provided above the converging flue 10 , and a flue gas discharge port 9 is also provided, which is located above the convection heat exchange module 8 .
根据上述底烧燃烧器1、侧烧燃烧器2的组合布置形式，结合辐射炉膛两侧烟气出口5和辐射炉膛中间烟气出口6的尺寸位置设置可使辐射炉膛内烟气流动均匀无局部涡流，提高烟气和辐射炉管的传热效率，实现炉管高温区减小，炉管温度有所降低，同时降低燃料消耗提高效率。According to the above-mentioned combined arrangement of the bottom burning burner 1 and the side burning burner 2, combined with the size and position settings of the flue gas outlets 5 on both sides of the radiant furnace and the flue gas outlet 6 in the middle of the radiant furnace, the flue gas flow in the radiant furnace can be uniform and without localization. Eddy current improves the heat transfer efficiency of flue gas and radiant furnace tubes, reduces the high temperature zone of the furnace tube, lowers the temperature of the furnace tube, and at the same time reduces fuel consumption and improves efficiency.
以上描述为本发明的实施例，故均为示例性，并非穷尽性的。不能因此而理解为对本发明的专利范围的限制。在不偏离所说明的实施例的范围和精神的情况下，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The above descriptions are embodiments of the present invention, and are therefore illustrative and not exhaustive. This should not be construed as limiting the patentable scope of the invention. Without departing from the scope and spirit of the illustrated embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make several modifications and improvements, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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