CN117654076A - Disturbance unit and reaction rectifying tower using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a disturbance unit and a reaction rectifying tower using the same, wherein the disturbance unit is suitable for gas-liquid-solid mass transfer reaction and is arranged in the reaction rectifying tower, and comprises the following components: a downcomer fixed to the upper tray and forming at the outlet a jet of liquid for driving an impeller to rotate and forming droplets of the dispersed phase during impact with the impeller; the main body of the rising gas stirring mechanism is of a rising gas pipe structure, the upper end of the rising gas stirring mechanism is fixedly connected with the impeller, the lower end of the rising gas stirring mechanism penetrates through the layer of tower plate and receives rising gas phase from the lower layer of tower plate, and the rising gas phase is bubbling mixed with the liquid phase below the liquid level of the layer of tower plate; the gas-lifting stirring mechanism rotates under the drive of the impeller and performs three-phase disturbance on the liquid phase, the filler suspended in the liquid phase and/or the catalyst solid particles and the gas phase. The invention can not only effectively increase gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact so as to further improve gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and reaction rate, but also effectively reduce operation cost.

Description

Disturbance unit and reaction rectifying tower using same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical gas-liquid mass transfer, in particular to a disturbance unit and a reaction rectifying tower using the same.

Background

The reactive distillation column is a gas-liquid mass transfer device which gives consideration to the reaction and the distillation process, and the reactive distillation technology has wide application in the etherification reaction, the esterification reaction and the alkylation reaction. Compared with the traditional independent process flow of the reactor and the rectifying tower, the use of the reactive rectifying tower can greatly reduce the operation and investment cost. The reactive rectifying tower can be a plate tower or a packed tower, and the plate tower has the characteristics of simple structure and strong adaptability, so that the reactive rectifying tower is widely applied.

The conventional reaction rectification technology adopts a homogeneous catalyst which has the problem of difficult separation from reaction products, and most of the homogeneous catalysts are acidic or alkaline substances, so that equipment is severely corroded. In recent years, with the use of heterogeneous catalysts, the problems of equipment corrosion and difficult catalyst separation are well solved. However, for the rectification of gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction, the uniform mixing and mass transfer efficiency of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase between the tower plates are technical difficulties in the field, and in order to ensure good contact and reaction space of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase, reasonable design and optimization of the arrangement mode of the catalyst and the structure of the tower internals are required.

Chinese patent application CN108261792a discloses a novel pneumatic stirring catalytic rectifying device, which mainly solves the problem of uneven gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixing between tower plates in a catalytic rectifying tower in the prior art. Each layer of tower plate adopts a side pneumatic stirrer independently, a stirring paddle is suspended at the top of the tower plate in a top hanging mode, each layer of tower plate is provided with a gas lift pipe and a downcomer, a gas inlet of the gas lift pipe is arranged at the other side of the installation side of the pneumatic pump on each layer of tower plate, the upper part of the gas lift pipe is connected with a gas distributor, gas phase from the lower layer of tower plate is uniformly sprayed into a liquid-solid mixture on the tower plate through the gas distributor, a filter screen is arranged at the upper part of the downcomer, particles or particulate catalyst is prevented from falling into the lower layer of tower plate, the lower part of the liquid drop port is arranged at the lower part of the tower plate, and the technical scheme extending below the liquid level of the adjacent lower layer of tower plate well solves the problems. However, in the prior art, a stirring device is only adopted in the liquid phase, and the stirring power is from the outside, so that the energy consumption is high; the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency of the gas-lift pipe and the gas distributor still adopts the traditional fixed type, and is still to be improved.

Therefore, there is a need for a perturbation unit and a reactive distillation column employing the same that can effectively improve the mass transfer efficiency of gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact, and can effectively reduce the running cost.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a disturbance unit and a reaction rectifying tower using the same, which can effectively increase gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact, further improve gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and reaction rate, and effectively reduce operation cost.

To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a disturbing unit adapted for a gas-liquid-solid mass transfer reaction and provided in a reactive distillation column, comprising: a downcomer fixed to the upper tray and forming at the outlet a jet of liquid for driving an impeller to rotate and forming droplets of the dispersed phase during impact with the impeller; the main body of the rising gas stirring mechanism is of a rising gas pipe structure, the upper end of the rising gas stirring mechanism is fixedly connected with the impeller, the lower end of the rising gas stirring mechanism penetrates through the layer of tower plate and receives rising gas phase from the lower layer of tower plate, and the rising gas phase is bubbling mixed with the liquid phase below the liquid level of the layer of tower plate; the gas-lifting stirring mechanism rotates under the drive of the impeller and performs three-phase disturbance on the liquid phase, the filler suspended in the liquid phase and/or the catalyst solid particles and the gas phase.

Further, in the above technical solution, the liquid-lowering spray pipe may include: a vertical section secured to the upper tray for receiving liquid phase accumulated from the upper tray; and the horizontal section is communicated with the vertical section, and an outlet of the horizontal section is opposite to the blade of the impeller.

Further, in the above technical solution, the horizontal segment may include a first horizontal segment, a reduced diameter segment, and a second horizontal segment, where the diameter of the second horizontal segment is smaller than the diameter of the first horizontal segment.

Further, in the above technical scheme, the gas-raising stirring mechanism may include: the upper end of the gas lifting main pipe is fixedly connected with the impeller, and the lower end of the gas lifting main pipe is provided with a bearing fixed with the tower plate; the gas phase branch pipe is communicated with the gas lifting main pipe and extends along the radial direction, a gas distributor is arranged at the part of the gas phase branch pipe below the liquid level, and air holes are uniformly formed in the gas distributor.

Furthermore, in the technical scheme, the plurality of gas phase branch pipes can be uniformly distributed in a straight shape, a cross shape or a star shape along the circumferential direction of the gas rising main pipe.

Further, in the above technical solution, the gas distributors may be disposed on the vertical portion of each gas phase branch pipe and form an array, each gas distributor is disposed laterally, and in the rotation process, the overall structure formed by the vertical portion of the gas phase branch pipe and the gas distributors may form a stirring effect on the liquid phase.

Further, in the technical scheme, the inlet of the liquid-reducing jet pipe is provided with a filter screen section for intercepting solid particles in the liquid phase of the upper layer tower plate.

Furthermore, in the technical scheme, the filter screen section can adopt a cylindrical structure and is matched with the ruler diameter of the inlet of the liquid-reducing injection pipe.

Further, in the above technical solution, an ultrasonic assembly for generating vibration and cavitation effects may be provided below the liquid level of each layer of trays.

Further, in the above technical solution, the ultrasonic assembly may include: the ultrasonic transducer can be arranged on the inner wall of the tower and close to the position of the filter screen section, and the generated vibration effect is used for driving away solid particles attached to the filter screen section; and the ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic transducer and arranged outside the tower.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reactive distillation column comprising a perturbation unit according to any one of the preceding claims, the perturbation unit being provided in each layer of trays.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) The liquid-dropping jet pipe adopted by the invention is provided with the vertical section and the horizontal section, the horizontal section is subjected to diameter reduction treatment, the descending liquid phase can be converted into horizontal high-speed water flow, the impeller is impacted by the high-speed water flow, the impeller can be effectively driven to rotate, the blades of the impeller can be impacted to form liquid drops of a disperse phase, and the liquid drops of the disperse phase can collide and be mixed with the gas phase above the liquid level of the tower plate, so that the mass transfer and the reaction of gas and liquid are facilitated;

2) The gas lift pipe is in a rotatable state, and the gas phase can be thrown to the wall surface of the gas lift main pipe under the action of centrifugal force in the rotation process of the gas lift main pipe, so that a low-pressure space can be formed in the center of the gas lift main pipe, the gas phase on the lower layer tower plate can be effectively promoted to rise into the gas lift main pipe, the gas phase flow is smoother, and the pressure drop of the space of each layer of tower plate is reduced;

3) The gas phase which spirally rises in the gas rising main pipe has the centrifugal outer throwing effect, so that the integral structure of the gas rising main pipe and the gas phase branch pipe can be designed into a shape similar to an inverted mountain, the flow speed of the gas phase is not obviously lost, the integral structure can ensure that the air holes of the gas distributor are distributed at the middle part or the middle lower part of the liquid phase, the bubbling mixing effect is better, the vertical part of the gas phase branch pipe and the transversely arranged gas distributor can extend into the position below the liquid level, the integral structure can stir the liquid phase more fully, and the three phases of gas-liquid-solid can be disturbed to the greatest extent, thereby obtaining better gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and accelerating the gas-liquid reaction rate;

4) The ultrasonic transducer is arranged below the liquid level, so that on one hand, the phenomenon of blocking of filler and/or catalyst particles on the filter screen can be effectively avoided by ultrasonic waves, and on the other hand, the effect of gas-liquid-solid three-phase mass transfer and reaction can be further enhanced by the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves;

5) The invention uses the gravity of the liquid phase and the accelerated flow velocity as power to drive the gas-lifting main pipe to rotate and form stirring, and does not need to use extra external energy, thereby obviously reducing the operation cost of the reaction rectifying tower.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and it is to be understood that it is intended to provide a more clear understanding of the technical means of the present invention and to enable the technical means to be carried out in accordance with the contents of the specification, while at the same time providing a more complete understanding of the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention, and one or more preferred embodiments thereof are set forth below, together with the detailed description given below, along with the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a disturbing unit in a reactive distillation column according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the lift agitation mechanism in the disturbance unit of the present invention.

The main reference numerals illustrate:

the device comprises a 1-reaction rectifying tower, 10-tower plates, 11-liquid-dropping jet pipes, 111-vertical sections, 112-first horizontal sections, 113-diameter-reducing sections, 114-second horizontal sections, 12-gas lifting main pipes, 120-gas phase branch pipes, 121-gas distributors, 13-bearings, 14-impellers, 15-cylindrical filter screen sections, 16-ultrasonic transducers and 160-ultrasonic generators.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or other components.

Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "beneath," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element's or feature's relationship to another element's or feature's in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the article in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the article in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" may encompass both a direction of below and a direction of above. The article may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terms "first," "second," and the like herein are used for distinguishing between two different elements or regions and are not intended to limit a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first," "second," etc. may also be interchanged with one another.

The invention provides a reactive distillation column, wherein a disturbance unit is arranged in the reactive distillation column and is used for disturbing gas-liquid and filler and/or catalyst particles suspended in the liquid phase, the filler particles can promote gas-liquid mass transfer, the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency is improved, and the catalyst particles can accelerate gas-liquid reaction. According to the invention, the impeller is driven to rotate by the liquid phase from top to bottom, so that the gas phase from bottom to top rapidly rises in the gas rising main pipe and finally is sprayed out of the gas distributor through the branch pipe, bubbling mixing is formed with the liquid phase accumulated on the tower plate, a gas-liquid-solid stirring and disturbance effect can be formed, and the problem of the mixing effect of the gas, liquid and solid phases when a heterogeneous catalyst is adopted in the prior art is well solved. The invention uses the gravity of the liquid phase and the accelerated flow velocity as power to drive the riser to rotate and form stirring, and does not need to use extra external energy, thereby obviously reducing the operation cost of the reaction rectifying tower.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a disturbing unit which is suitable for a gas-liquid-solid mass transfer reaction and is provided in a reaction rectifying column, and includes a liquid-falling injection pipe 11 and a gas-rising stirring mechanism.

Wherein the downcomer injection pipe 11 is fixed on the upper deck and forms at the outlet an injection flow for driving the impeller 14 in rotation and forming dispersed phase droplets during impact with the blades of the impeller 14. Specifically, the tray of the reactive distillation column may have a circular or square structure, and when a circular structure is employed, the diameter D1 of the tray may range from 800 to 5000mm. Referring to fig. 1, the downcomer injection pipe 11 may be disposed at a distance from the tray center 0.3D1 to 0.45D1. Preferably, and without limitation, the downcomer 11 is an L-shaped structure comprising a vertical section 111 and a horizontal section. Wherein the vertical section 111 is secured to the upper tray for receiving liquid phase accumulated from the upper tray. The vertical portion of the tube passes through tray 10 and may have a length L1 ranging from 100 to 300mm, wherein a portion of the length 0.3L1 to 0.5L1 is located above tray 10, which may be provided as a cylindrical structure with a screen (i.e., screen section 15) for preventing packing and/or catalyst particles on the tray from flowing with the descending liquid onto the underlying tray. An additional vertical section 111 of 0.5L1 to 0.7l1 length is located below the tray 10. The horizontal section communicates with the vertical section 111, the horizontal section outlet facing the blades of the impeller 14. With further reference to fig. 1 and 2, the horizontal segments include a first horizontal segment 112, a reduced diameter segment 113, and a second horizontal segment 114, the second horizontal segment 114 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first horizontal segment 112 by the reduced diameter arrangement. The reducing arrangement of the horizontal segment can accelerate the liquid phase, and has stronger impact on the impeller 14. Specifically, the horizontal section is arranged below the tower plate, and the length L2 of the horizontal section can be designed to be 300-600 mm. The diameter d2 of the second horizontal section 114 after diameter reduction is 0.5 to 0.7 times the diameter d1 of the first horizontal section 112. The length L3 of the diameter-reducing section can be designed to be 100-200 mm. The length L4 of the second horizontal segment 114 may be in the range of 50-150 mm.

The liquid-dropping jet pipe is of an L-shaped structure, namely, the liquid-dropping jet pipe is provided with a vertical section and a horizontal section, the horizontal section is subjected to diameter reduction treatment, descending liquid phase can be converted into horizontal high-speed water flow, the impeller is impacted by the high-speed water flow, the impeller can be effectively driven to rotate, dispersed liquid drops can be formed by impacting blades of the impeller, the dispersed liquid drops can collide and be mixed with gas phases above the liquid level of a tower plate, and mass transfer and reaction of gas and liquid are facilitated.

As further shown in fig. 1 and 2, the main body of the gas-raising stirring mechanism is in a gas-raising structure, the upper end of the gas-raising stirring mechanism is fixedly connected with the impeller 14, the lower end of the gas-raising stirring mechanism penetrates through the tower plate of the layer and receives the rising gas phase from the tower plate of the lower layer, and the rising gas phase forms bubbling mixture with the liquid phase below the liquid level of the tower plate 10 of the layer. The lift agitation mechanism rotates under the drive of impeller 14 and imparts a three-phase disturbance to the liquid phase, the suspended packing and/or catalyst solid particles in the liquid phase, and the gas phase. Preferably, and without limitation, the lift agitation mechanism may include a lift main 12 and a gas phase leg 120. The upper end of the gas-lifting main pipe 12 is fixedly connected with the impeller 14 and can rotate along with the impeller, the lower end of the gas-lifting main pipe 12 is provided with a bearing 13 fixed with the tower plate, and the gas-lifting main pipe 12 can stably rotate under the support of the bearing 13 so as to avoid axial movement and radial movement. The gas-lifting main pipe 12 is communicated with the space of the lower layer tower plate, and the gas phase can be thrown to the wall surface of the gas-lifting main pipe under the action of centrifugal force in the rotation process of the gas-lifting main pipe 12, so that a low-pressure space can be formed in the center of the gas-lifting main pipe, the gas phase on the lower layer tower plate can be effectively promoted to rise into the gas-lifting main pipe 12, the gas phase can rise more smoothly, and the pressure drop of the space of each layer of tower plate can be reduced.

As further shown in fig. 1 and 2, the gas-phase branch pipe 120 is in communication with the main riser pipe 12 and extends in the radial direction, and in this embodiment, the gas-phase branch pipe specifically adopts a mode of extending horizontally and then extending vertically downwards, so that the vertically downwards extending portion is fully submerged under the liquid surface. The gas phase branch pipe 120 is provided with a gas distributor 121 at a part below the liquid surface, and the gas distributor 121 is uniformly provided with air holes. The gas phase in the main pipe 12 is spirally lifted by the rotation of the main pipe, and is thrown to the gas phase branch pipe 120 after being lifted to the top. Preferably, but not limited to, the gas phase branch pipes 120 may be designed into a plurality of gas phase branch pipes, and the plurality of gas phase branch pipes may be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the gas lift main pipe 12, may be distributed into a straight shape, and when the gas lift main pipe 12 and the gas phase branch pipes 120 are distributed into a straight shape, the gas lift main pipe and the gas phase branch pipes 120 are in an inverted mountain shape, and may be distributed into a cross shape (refer to fig. 2) or a star shape. The gas distributors 121 are disposed on the vertical portion of each gas phase branch pipe 120 and form an array, each gas distributor 121 is disposed laterally, and during rotation, the vertical portion of the gas phase branch pipe 120 and the gas distributor 121 form an overall structure of a "stirring rod" so as to form sufficient stirring of the liquid phase. Further, the diameter d3 of the air holes formed in the air distributor 121 may be 3-10 mm, the distance L6 between the air holes may be 20-50 mm, the length L5 of the gas phase branch pipe 120 may be 100-800 mm, and the diameter d4 of the gas phase branch pipe 120 may be 25-100 mm. The number of the gas distributors is 2-4, and the distance between the gas distributors can be 100-300 mm.

The gas phase which spirally rises in the gas lifting main pipe enables the gas phase channel (namely the integral structure of the gas lifting main pipe and the gas phase branch pipe) to be designed into an inverted mountain shape, the flow rate of the gas phase is not obviously lost, the structure similar to the inverted mountain shape not only enables the air holes to be distributed at the middle part or the middle lower part of the liquid phase, so that the bubbling mixing effect is better, but also the vertical part of the gas phase branch pipe 120 and the transversely arranged gas distributor 121 can extend into the position below the liquid surface, the integral structure of the gas phase channel is more sufficient to stir the liquid phase, and the disturbance of the gas-liquid-solid three phase can be maximally realized, thereby better gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency is obtained and the gas-liquid reaction rate is quickened.

Preferably, and not by way of limitation, as shown in FIG. 1, to further enhance the perturbation effect of the three phases, this embodiment is also provided with an ultrasonic assembly below the liquid surface of each layer of trays 10 for generating vibration and cavitation effects. The ultrasonic assembly may include an ultrasonic transducer 16 and an ultrasonic generator 160. Wherein the ultrasonic transducer 16 is arranged on the inner wall of the tower and is close to the filter screen section 15, and the generated vibration effect is used for driving away the solid particles attached on the filter screen section 15. As further shown in fig. 1, an ultrasonic generator 160 is coupled to the ultrasonic transducer 16 and is disposed outside the tower.

The working process of the disturbance unit of this embodiment is as follows:

1) The liquid phase accumulated on the upper layer tower plate descends to the layer tower plate through a liquid-descending jet pipe, the descending liquid horizontally flows out through a horizontal section, the speed of the flowing liquid is increased after the descending liquid is accelerated by a diameter-reducing section, and the kinetic energy of the liquid is increased to form a jet state;

2) The liquid phase sprayed out is accelerated to strike the blades of the impeller, so that the gas lifting stirring mechanism comprising a gas lifting main pipe and a gas phase branch pipe is driven to integrally rotate (gas phase sprayed out from the gas distributor and liquid phase form bubbling mixing), and then the vertical part of the gas phase branch pipe and the gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixture on the stirring tower plate of the gas distributor are driven to strengthen the contact of the gas-liquid-solid three phases;

3) The ultrasonic transducer below the liquid level and close to the filter screen section at the inlet of the liquid-dropping jet pipe emits ultrasonic waves while stirring and disturbing, so that on one hand, the blocking phenomenon of filler and/or catalyst particles on the filter screen can be effectively avoided, and on the other hand, the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves can further strengthen the effects of gas-liquid-solid three-phase mass transfer and reaction.

Example 2

This example provides a reactive distillation column 1, in which each layer of trays in the reactive distillation column 1 is provided with the disturbance unit in example 1. This embodiment can produce the same technical effects as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications of the above-described exemplary embodiments should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A perturbation unit, characterized in that it is suitable for gas-liquid-solid mass transfer reaction and is arranged in a reactive distillation column, comprising:

a downcomer fixed to the upper tray and forming at the outlet a jet of liquid for driving an impeller to rotate and forming droplets of the dispersed phase during impact with said impeller;

the main body of the rising stirring mechanism is of a rising pipe structure, the upper end of the rising stirring mechanism is fixedly connected with the impeller, the lower end of the rising stirring mechanism penetrates through the tower plate of the layer and receives rising gas phase from the tower plate of the lower layer, and the rising gas phase is bubbling mixed with the liquid phase below the liquid level of the tower plate of the layer; the gas-lifting stirring mechanism rotates under the drive of the impeller and performs three-phase disturbance on the liquid phase, the filler and/or the catalyst solid particles suspended in the liquid phase and the gas phase.

2. The perturbation unit of claim 1, wherein the downcomer injection tube comprises:

a vertical section secured to the upper tray for receiving liquid phase accumulated from the upper tray;

and the horizontal section is communicated with the vertical section, and an outlet of the horizontal section is opposite to the blade of the impeller.

3. The perturbation unit of claim 2, wherein the horizontal segments comprise a first horizontal segment, a reduced diameter segment, and a second horizontal segment having a diameter less than the diameter of the first horizontal segment.

4. A perturbation unit according to claim 1, wherein the lift agitation mechanism comprises:

the upper end of the gas lifting main pipe is fixedly connected with the impeller, and the lower end of the gas lifting main pipe is provided with a bearing fixed with the tower plate;

and the gas phase branch pipe is communicated with the gas lifting main pipe and extends along the radial direction, a gas distributor is arranged at the part of the gas phase branch pipe below the liquid level, and air holes are uniformly formed in the gas distributor.

5. The perturbation unit of claim 4, wherein the plurality of gas phase legs are evenly distributed in a straight, cross or star shape along the circumference of the riser pipe.

6. The perturbing unit of claim 4, wherein the gas distributors are arranged in an array on the vertical portion of each gas phase leg, each gas distributor being arranged laterally, the vertical portion of the gas phase leg and the gas distributor forming an integral structure forming a stirring effect on the liquid phase during rotation.

7. A perturbing unit as in claim 1, characterized in that the drop injection tube has at its inlet a screen section for trapping solid particles in the upper tray liquid phase.

8. The perturbing unit of claim 7, wherein the screen section is of cylindrical configuration and is adapted to the gauge of the downcomer inlet pipe.

9. A perturbing unit as in claim 7, characterized in that an ultrasonic assembly for generating vibration and cavitation effects is provided below the liquid surface of each layer of trays.

10. The perturbation unit of claim 9, wherein the ultrasonic assembly comprises:

the ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the inner wall of the tower and is close to the filter screen section, and the generated vibration effect is used for driving away solid particles attached to the filter screen section;

and the ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic transducer and arranged outside the tower.

11. A reactive distillation column comprising a perturbation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the perturbation unit being provided in each layer of trays.