CN117647805B - A real-time self-calibration device and method for dynamic RCS measurement data - Google Patents
A real-time self-calibration device and method for dynamic RCS measurement data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种动态RCS测量数据实时自校准装置及方法，包括：微波耦合输出模块、微波衰减模块、微波延时模块、微波耦合输入模块、静态波门产生模块、双信号处理模块和动态RCS数据处理模块；获取同一个发射脉冲、经过相同的发射通道及接收通道得到的耦合衰减延时信号和目标回波信号，并通过静态波门与雷达原有动态波门进行同步处理，在跟踪标准球时获取自校准k值，在跟踪空中目标时通过自校准k值对动态RCS测量数据进行实时自适应校准，得到校准后的RCS测量数据。本发明能够消除雷达系统不稳定因素对RCS测量数据的引入误差，减弱雷达发射通道和接收通道热噪声对RCS测量数据产生的影响，提高动态RCS测量数据的置信度。
The invention provides a real-time self-calibration device and method for dynamic RCS measurement data, which includes: a microwave coupling output module, a microwave attenuation module, a microwave delay module, a microwave coupling input module, a static wave gate generation module, a dual signal processing module and a dynamic RCS Data processing module; obtains the coupling attenuation delay signal and target echo signal obtained from the same transmit pulse through the same transmit channel and receive channel, and synchronizes them with the radar's original dynamic wave gate through the static wave gate, and then tracks the standard The self-calibration k value is obtained when tracking the air target, and the dynamic RCS measurement data is adaptively calibrated in real time through the self-calibration k value when tracking an aerial target, and the calibrated RCS measurement data is obtained. The invention can eliminate the error introduced by unstable factors of the radar system to the RCS measurement data, weaken the impact of thermal noise of the radar transmitting channel and receiving channel on the RCS measurement data, and improve the confidence of the dynamic RCS measurement data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar scattering cross section test and measurement, in particular to a device and a method for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data.
Background
For aircraft targets with complex air, accurate RCS (Radar Cross Section ) data of the targets cannot be obtained by means of simulation calculation, the design, material selection, efficiency verification and the like of the targets are independent of dynamic RCS test technologies, and the RCS measurement data with high confidence coefficient are obtained, wherein the most critical is to improve the quality of dynamic RCS calibration.
At present, a standard target comparison measurement method is generally adopted in ground-air dynamic RCS measurement, namely, a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is adopted to suspend a standard ball in advance and in the post, a measurement radar is calibrated, a k value is calculated, the change condition in advance and the post is compared, and then RCS data of a target is calculated by using an RCS calculation formula. The k value provided by the calibration method is static correction data, and cannot eliminate or reduce the influence caused by thermal noise of a radar transmitting channel and a radar receiving channel. Particularly, due to the limitation of an airspace in actual measurement, dynamic RCS calibration work is difficult to develop in advance and after the fact, even the last calibration data is needed to be used for measurement and calculation, and errors caused by instability of a radar system are introduced, so that the confidence coefficient of dynamic RCS measurement data is reduced.
Therefore, there is a need for a self-calibration device and method that can eliminate or attenuate the effect of thermal noise of the radar transmit and receive channels on the RCS measurement data, and that does not introduce errors due to instability of the radar system, so as to improve the confidence of the dynamic RCS measurement data.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is necessary to provide a device and a method for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.
A dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device, comprising: the device comprises a microwave coupling output module, a microwave attenuation module, a microwave delay module, a microwave coupling input module, a static wave gate generation module, a double-signal processing module and a dynamic RCS data processing module; the microwave coupling output module is arranged on the waveguide in front of the single-pulse radar transmitting signal output to the antenna, and is used for coupling and outputting the microwave signal of the single-pulse radar according to a preset proportion and transmitting the microwave signal to the microwave attenuation module; the microwave attenuation module is used for attenuating the microwave signal according to a preset attenuation proportion and outputting the microwave signal to the microwave delay module, and the preset attenuation proportion enables the size of the attenuated signal to be within the dynamic range of the monopulse radar receiver; the microwave delay module is used for carrying out delay processing on the attenuated microwave signals, so that the microwave signals are displayed at the furthest end of a radar processing baseline, and the delayed microwave signals are not overlapped with a target echo signal; the microwave coupling input module is arranged at the front end of the monopulse radar field amplifying assembly and is used for coupling and inputting the delayed microwave signals into the radar field amplifying assembly to obtain coupling attenuation delay signals, and the coupling attenuation delay signals and the target echo signals are obtained by using the same transmitting pulse and through the same transmitting channel and receiving channel; the static wave gate generation module is integrated in the monopulse radar main control subsystem and is used for generating a static wave gate with delay size corresponding to the microwave delay module, and the coupling attenuation delay signal and the target echo signal are synchronously selected through the static wave gate and the original dynamic wave gate of the radar; the double-signal processing module is integrated in the monopulse radar signal processing subsystem and is used for synchronously processing the selected target echo signal and the coupling attenuation delay signal; the dynamic RCS data processing module is used for carrying out timing calibration on the self-calibration k value, carrying out real-time calibration on the measurement data of the target according to the corrected self-calibration k value, and obtaining calibrated RCS measurement data; the dynamic RCS data processing module comprises a self-calibration k value database, a self-calibration k value calculation unit and a dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration unit; the self-calibration k value calculation unit is used for calculating self-calibration k values of different frequency points and different signal forms of the system when the standard ball is tracked, and storing the self-calibration k values into the self-calibration k value database; the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration unit is used for calling the self-calibration k value in the self-calibration k value database in the following process of the flying target, and carrying out real-time calibration on the RCS measurement data of the corresponding echo according to the self-calibration k value.
A dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration method adopts the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device, which comprises the following steps: the standard ball is tracked regularly, a coupling attenuation delay signal and a target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse are received, synchronous selection and processing are carried out through a static wave gate and an original dynamic wave gate of the radar, calibration checking is carried out on self-calibration k values of different frequency points of a dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device, and a corrected self-calibration k value is obtained; when a flying target is tracked, the coupling attenuation delay signal and the target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse are received, synchronous selection and processing are carried out through the static wave gate and the original dynamic wave gate of the radar, and based on the corrected self-calibration k value, synchronous processing and real-time self-calibration processing are carried out on the selected target echo signal and the coupling attenuation delay signal, so that RCS measurement data after real-time calibration is obtained.
In one embodiment, the calibrating and checking the self-calibration k values of different frequency points of the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device to obtain the corrected self-calibration k value includes: regularly tracking a standard ball, and performing calibration check on self-calibration k values of different frequency points in a self-calibration k value database to obtain a current k value; obtaining the fluctuation size according to the self-calibration k value and the corresponding current k value, obtaining a preset threshold value, and judging whether the fluctuation size exceeds the preset threshold value; when the fluctuation size does not exceed the preset threshold value, taking the self-calibration k value in the self-calibration k value database as a corrected self-calibration k value; when the fluctuation exceeds the preset threshold, the current k value is used as a corrected self-calibration k value, and the self-calibration k value database is updated according to the current k value.
In one embodiment, the calibrating and checking the self-calibration k values of different frequency points of the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device to obtain a corrected self-calibration k value further includes: the calibration inspection is carried out by adopting a standard ball hung by a monopulse radar tracking rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, a target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse and a signal of a calibration channel coupling attenuation delay are processed at the same moment by a double-signal processing module, a corrected self-calibration k value is obtained, and the formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,theoretical RCS data for standard spheres;For transmitting pulses +.>For transmitting the echo signal power received by the radar receiver after the pulse is reflected by the standard ball,/for the radar receiver>Attenuating signal power received by the radar receiver after delay for transmitting the pulse via the calibration channel coupling, +.>Is the standard ball distance measured with the transmitted pulse.
In one embodiment, the performing synchronization processing and real-time self-calibration processing on the selected target echo signal and the coupling attenuation delay signal based on the corrected self-calibration k value to obtain real-time calibrated RCS measurement data includes: tracking a flying target by adopting a monopulse radar, synchronously processing a target echo signal and a coupling attenuation delay signal of the same transmitting pulse by adopting a double-signal processing module, and carrying out real-time calibration on dynamic RCS measurement data of the transmitting pulse by adopting a dynamic RCS data processing module based on a corrected self-calibration k value, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the emission pulse at the time of measurement, +.>The method comprises the steps of measuring a dynamic flying target RCS value in real time and self-calibrating after transmitting pulses;For the power of the echo signal received by the radar receiver after the transmit pulse is reflected by the dynamic flying object,for the signal power of the coupling attenuation delay received by the radar receiver after the coupling attenuation delay of the transmitting pulse through the calibration channel,/for the transmitting pulse>For the dynamic flying-target distance measured with the transmitted pulses.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the microwave signal of the monopulse radar is coupled and output according to a preset proportion through a microwave coupling output module arranged on a waveguide before the monopulse radar transmitting signal is output to an antenna, attenuation is carried out according to a preset attenuation proportion through a microwave attenuation module, and the size of the attenuated signal is within the dynamic range of a monopulse radar receiver; the microwave delay module delays the attenuated microwave signals to enable the microwave signals to be displayed at the farthest end of a radar processing base line, and the delayed microwave signals are not overlapped with target echo signals; the delayed microwave signals are coupled and input into the radar field amplifier through a microwave coupling input module arranged at the front end of the monopulse radar field amplifier assembly to obtain coupling attenuation delay signals, and the coupling attenuation delay signals and the target echo signals are obtained through the same transmitting pulse, the same transmitting channel and the same receiving channel; generating a static wave gate with delay corresponding to the delayed microwave signal through a static wave gate generating module integrated in a monopulse radar main control subsystem, and synchronously selecting a coupling attenuation delay signal and a target echo signal through the static wave gate and an original dynamic wave gate of the radar; the method comprises the steps of synchronously processing a selected target echo signal and a coupling attenuation delay signal through a double-signal processing module integrated in a monopulse radar signal processing subsystem; the dynamic RCS data processing module is used for carrying out timing calibration on the self-calibration k value, carrying out real-time calibration on the measurement data of the target according to the corrected self-calibration k value, and obtaining the calibrated RCS measurement data so as to eliminate errors of the radar system caused by unstable factors on the RCS measurement data, weaken the influence of thermal noise of a radar transmitting channel and a radar receiving channel on the RCS measurement data, obtain the calibrated RCS measurement data, realize the real-time self-calibration of the radar dynamic RCS data and improve the confidence coefficient of the dynamic RCS measurement data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a real-time self-calibration device for dynamic RCS measurement data in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a method for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data in one embodiment.
In the drawing, a microwave coupling output module 1, a microwave attenuation module 2, a microwave delay module 3, a microwave coupling input module 4, a static wave gate generation module 5, a double-signal processing module 6, a dynamic RCS data processing module 7, a self-calibration k value database 8, a self-calibration k value calculation unit 9 and a dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration unit 10 are arranged.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail by the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device, comprising: the device comprises a microwave coupling output module 1, a microwave attenuation module 2, a microwave delay module 3, a microwave coupling input module 4, a static wave gate generating module 5, a double-signal processing module 6 and a dynamic RCS data processing module 7; the microwave coupling output module 1 is arranged on a waveguide in front of the single-pulse radar transmitting signal output to the antenna, is used for coupling and outputting the microwave signal of the single-pulse radar according to a preset proportion, and is transmitted to the microwave attenuation module 2; the microwave attenuation module 2 is used for attenuating the microwave signal according to a preset attenuation proportion and outputting the microwave signal to the microwave delay module 3, wherein the preset attenuation proportion enables the size of the attenuated signal to be within the dynamic range of the monopulse radar receiver; the microwave delay module 3 is used for carrying out delay processing on the attenuated microwave signals, so that the microwave signals are displayed at the furthest end of a radar processing base line, and the delayed microwave signals are not overlapped with a target echo signal; the microwave coupling input module 4 is arranged at the front end of the monopulse radar field amplifying assembly and is used for coupling and inputting the selected microwave signals into the radar field amplifying assembly to obtain coupling attenuation delay signals, and the coupling attenuation delay signals and the target echo signals are obtained by using the same transmitting pulse and through the same transmitting channel and receiving channel; the static wave gate generation module 5 is integrated in the monopulse radar active subsystem and is used for generating a static wave gate with delay corresponding to the microwave delay module 3, and the static wave gate and the original dynamic wave gate of the radar synchronously select a coupling attenuation delay signal and a target echo signal; the double-signal processing module 6 is integrated in the monopulse radar signal processing subsystem and is used for synchronously processing the selected target echo signal and the coupling attenuation delay signal; the dynamic RCS data processing module 7 is used for carrying out timing calibration on the self-calibration k value and carrying out real-time calibration on the target measurement data according to the corrected self-calibration k value to obtain calibrated RCS measurement data; the dynamic RCS data processing module 7 comprises a self-calibration k value database 8, a self-calibration k value calculation unit 9 and a dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration unit 10; the self-calibration k value calculation unit 9 is used for calculating self-calibration k values of different frequency points and different signal forms of the system when tracking the standard ball, and storing the self-calibration k values into the self-calibration k value database 8; the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration unit 10 is used for calling the self-calibration k value in the self-calibration k value database in the following process of the flying target, and carrying out real-time calibration on the RCS measurement data of the corresponding echo according to the self-calibration k value.
In the embodiment, a microwave signal of the monopulse radar is coupled and output according to a preset proportion by a microwave coupling output module 1 arranged on a waveguide before a monopulse radar transmitting signal is output to an antenna, attenuation is carried out according to a preset attenuation proportion by a microwave attenuation module 2, and the size of the attenuated signal is within the dynamic range of a monopulse radar receiver; the microwave delay module 3 carries out delay processing on the attenuated microwave signals, so that the microwave signals are displayed at the furthest end of a radar processing base line, and the delayed microwave signals are not overlapped with a target echo signal; the delayed microwave signals are coupled and input into the radar field amplifier through a microwave coupling input module 4 arranged at the front end of the monopulse radar field amplifier assembly to obtain coupling attenuation delay signals, and the coupling attenuation delay signals and the target echo signals are obtained by adopting the same transmitting pulse and passing through the same transmitting channel and receiving channel; generating a static wave gate with a delay size corresponding to the delayed microwave signal through a static wave gate generating module 5 integrated in a monopulse radar main control subsystem, and synchronously selecting a coupling attenuation delay signal and a target echo signal through the static wave gate and an original radar dynamic wave gate; the selected target echo signal and the coupling attenuation delay signal are synchronously processed through a double-signal processing module 6 integrated in the monopulse radar signal processing subsystem; based on the self-calibration k value, the self-calibration k value is calibrated in time through the dynamic RCS data processing module 7, and target measurement data is calibrated in real time according to the corrected self-calibration k value, so that errors of radar system instability factors on the introduction of the RCS measurement data are eliminated, influences of thermal noise of a radar transmitting channel and a radar receiving channel on the RCS measurement data are weakened, calibrated RCS measurement data are obtained, real-time self-calibration of radar dynamic RCS data is achieved, and confidence of the dynamic RCS measurement data is improved.
Specifically, the dynamic RCS data processing module 7 calculates self-calibration k values of different frequency points and different signal forms of the system when tracking a standard ball through the self-calibration k value calculation unit 9, and stores the self-calibration k values into the self-calibration k value database 8 so as to facilitate the subsequent direct extraction of corresponding self-calibration k values from the self-calibration k value database 8; in addition, the self-calibration k value of the self-calibration k value database 8 is called in the process of following the flying target by the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration unit 10, so that the obtained dynamic RCS measurement data can be subjected to real-time self-adaptive calibration, and the confidence of the dynamic RCS measurement data can be improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a method for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data is provided, and a device for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data as described above is adopted, which comprises the following steps:
step S201, a standard ball is tracked regularly, a coupling attenuation delay signal and a target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse are received, synchronous selection and processing are carried out through a static wave gate and an original dynamic wave gate of the radar, calibration checking is carried out on self-calibration k values of different frequency points of a dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device, and a corrected self-calibration k value is obtained.
Specifically, in order to ensure the confidence coefficient of the final obtained RCS measurement data, it is necessary to perform calibration check on the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device periodically (generally about one year), and determine whether the self-calibration k values in the self-calibration k value database meet the use requirement through the calibration check, so as to ensure that the self-calibration k values of different frequency points can be used as corrected self-calibration k values for performing the calibration of the RCS measurement data.
As shown in fig. 1, calibration and inspection are performed by periodically adopting a standard ball suspended by a monopulse radar tracking rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, a coupling attenuation delay signal and a target echo signal of the same transmitted pulse are received, synchronous selection and processing are performed through a static wave gate and an original dynamic wave gate of the radar, the signals are sent to a self-calibration k value calculation unit 9, calibration of a self-calibration k value in a self-calibration k value database 8 is realized through the self-calibration k value calculation unit 9, and a corrected self-calibration k value is obtained and is used for calibrating real-time measurement data.
Wherein, step S201 includes: the self-calibration k values of different frequency points are extracted from a self-calibration k value database, and calibration check is carried out on the self-calibration k values to obtain the current k value; obtaining the fluctuation size according to the self-calibration k value and the corresponding current k value, obtaining a preset threshold value, and judging whether the fluctuation size exceeds the preset threshold value; when the fluctuation size does not exceed a preset threshold value, taking the self-calibration k value in the self-calibration k value database as a corrected self-calibration k value; when the fluctuation exceeds a preset threshold, taking the current k value as a corrected self-calibration k value, and updating a self-calibration k value database according to the current k value.
Specifically, the calibration check of the self-calibration k-value data can be set before the dynamic RCS measurement, or the calibration can be performed at a fixed time according to a set period, for example, 1 time a year, so that the real-time self-calibration device of the dynamic RCS measurement data meets the use requirement. When calibration checking is carried out, calibration checking is carried out on the self-calibration k values of different frequency points in the self-calibration k value database.
Obtaining a self-calibration k value in a self-calibration k value database through extraction, obtaining a current k value according to calibration inspection, judging whether the fluctuation of the k value exceeds a preset threshold according to the self-calibration k value and the fluctuation of the current k value, and directly taking the self-calibration k value extracted from the database as a corrected self-calibration k value if the fluctuation of the k value is within the preset threshold; otherwise, when the fluctuation exceeds a preset threshold, the fact that the k value has larger fluctuation is indicated, the current k value is used as a corrected self-calibration k value, and the self-calibration k value database is updated according to the current k value. Through the steps, calibration and check of the self-calibration k values of different frequency points in the self-calibration k value database are completed, so that the self-calibration k values in the self-calibration k value database can meet the use requirements of dynamic RCS measurement data.
Wherein, step S201 further includes: the calibration inspection is carried out by adopting a standard ball hung by a monopulse radar tracking rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, a target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse and a signal of a calibration channel coupling attenuation delay are processed at the same moment by a double-signal processing module, a corrected self-calibration k value is obtained, and the formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,theoretical RCS data for standard spheres;For transmitting pulses +.>For transmitting the echo signal power received by the radar receiver after the pulse is reflected by the standard ball,/for the radar receiver>Attenuating signal power received by the radar receiver after delay for transmitting the pulse via the calibration channel coupling, +.>Is the standard ball distance measured with the transmitted pulse.
Specifically, when calibration inspection is performed, the monopulse radar tracks a standard ball hung by the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, and the monopulse radar uses the same receiver to measure a target echo signal of the same transmitted pulse and a calibration channel coupling attenuation delay signal at the same time.
Setting upFor the wavelength of the transmitted signal, remain unchanged;Theoretical RCS data for standard spheres.Gain for monopulse radar antenna, < >>Calibrating the attenuation coefficient of the channel for single pulse in real time, < >>For coupling waveguide and antenna loss between output and input, these three parameters are all passive devicesIs kept unchanged; let->For a certain transmitted pulse->Peak power at the output of the radar transmitter for this transmit pulse,/and/or>For the loss of this pulse in the transmit channel, < >>For the loss of the pulse in the receive channel, < >>For the standard ball distance measured by the transmitting pulse, according to the radar formula, the transmitting pulse is reflected by the standard ball and then the power of the echo signal received by the radar receiverCan be expressed by equation 1:
（1），
the power of the coupled attenuated delay signal received by the radar receiver after the transmitted pulse passes through the calibration channelCan be expressed by equation 2:
（2），
then equation 1 and equation 2 are divided and sorted to obtain a calibration k value for the calibration channel, which can be expressed by equation 3:
（3），
as can be seen from equation 3, the calibration k value of the calibration channel is calculated only in relation to four fixed parameters, namely the radar antenna gain, the wavelength of the transmitted signal, the attenuation coefficient of the calibration channel, and the waveguide and antenna loss between the coupling output port and the input port, and can be calculated numerically by using the echo signal power of the standard sphere, the power of the coupling attenuation delay signal, the distance of the standard sphere, and the theoretical RCS data of the standard sphere.
Because the same transmitting pulse signal used by the calibration channel and the echo signal passes through the same transmitting channel and the same receiving channel, the influence of unstable factors such as transmitting power, transmitting channel loss, receiving channel loss and the like is directly eliminated, the echo signal power measured by the receiver and the power of the coupling attenuation delay signal are processed by the same signal processing unit at the same time, the ratio of the echo signal power to the power of the coupling attenuation delay signal is kept unchanged, and the unstable factors of the signal processing unit are eliminated.
Therefore, the calibration k value of the calibration channel is basically kept constant, and calibration and check are carried out on the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device before or periodically in the dynamic RCS test task.
Step S202, when a flying target is tracked, a coupling attenuation delay signal and a target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse are received, synchronous selection and processing are carried out through a static wave gate and an original dynamic wave gate of the radar, based on a corrected self-calibration k value, synchronous processing and real-time self-calibration processing are carried out on the selected target echo signal and the coupling attenuation delay signal, and RCS measurement data after real-time calibration is obtained.
Specifically, when a monopulse radar is adopted to track a flying target, a coupling attenuation delay signal and a target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse are received, synchronous selection and processing are carried out through a static wave gate and an original dynamic wave gate of the radar, and synchronous processing is carried out through a double-signal processing module, RCS measurement data are obtained, real-time self-calibration processing is carried out on the dynamic RCS measurement data according to the obtained corrected self-calibration k value, the RCS measurement data after real-time calibration are obtained, dynamic real-time calibration on the RCS measurement data is realized, and the confidence coefficient of the RCS measurement data is improved.
Wherein, step S202 includes: tracking a flying target by adopting a monopulse radar, synchronously processing a target echo signal and a coupling attenuation delay signal of the same transmitting pulse by adopting a double-signal processing module, and carrying out real-time calibration on dynamic RCS measurement data of the transmitting pulse by adopting a dynamic RCS data processing module based on a corrected self-calibration k value, wherein the formula is as follows:
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the emission pulse at the time of measurement, +.>The method comprises the steps of measuring a dynamic flying target RCS value in real time and self-calibrating after transmitting pulses;For transmitting the echo signal power received by the radar receiver after the pulse is reflected by the dynamic flying object, +.>For the signal power of the coupling attenuation delay received by the radar receiver after the coupling attenuation delay of the transmitting pulse through the calibration channel,/for the transmitting pulse>For the dynamic flying-target distance measured with the transmitted pulses.
Specifically, when the radar measures a target, the dual-signal processing module processes a target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse and a signal of the coupling attenuation delay of the calibration channel at the same time. Then, according to the radar formula, the echo signal strength of a certain transmitted pulse of the air target can be expressed by formula 4:
（4），
the coupling attenuation delay signal strength of the calibration channel at the same time can be expressed as follows by equation 5:
（5），
then the division and sorting of equation 4 and equation 5 can result in real time in calibrated target RCS data as:
，
by the steps, the influence of unstable factors such as transmitting power, transmitting channel loss, receiving channel loss, signal processing units and the like is eliminated, the self-calibration k value is adopted to realize real-time self-calibration of the dynamic data measured by each pulse of the monopulse radar, the accurate RCS data of the dynamic flying target is calculated in real time, and the confidence of the dynamic RCS measurement data is improved.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to such descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device, comprising:
the device comprises a microwave coupling output module, a microwave attenuation module, a microwave delay module, a microwave coupling input module, a static wave gate generation module, a double-signal processing module and a dynamic RCS data processing module;
the microwave coupling output module is arranged on the waveguide in front of the single-pulse radar transmitting signal output to the antenna, and is used for coupling and outputting the microwave signal of the single-pulse radar according to a preset proportion and transmitting the microwave signal to the microwave attenuation module;
the microwave attenuation module is used for attenuating the microwave signal according to a preset attenuation proportion and outputting the microwave signal to the microwave delay module, and the preset attenuation proportion enables the size of the attenuated signal to be within the dynamic range of the monopulse radar receiver;
the microwave delay module is used for carrying out delay processing on the attenuated microwave signals, so that the microwave signals are displayed at the furthest end of a radar processing baseline, and the delayed microwave signals are not overlapped with a target echo signal;
the microwave coupling input module is arranged at the front end of the monopulse radar field amplifying assembly and is used for coupling and inputting the delayed microwave signals into the radar field amplifying assembly to obtain coupling attenuation delay signals, and the coupling attenuation delay signals and the target echo signals are obtained by using the same transmitting pulse and through the same transmitting channel and receiving channel;
the static wave gate generation module is integrated in the monopulse radar main control subsystem and is used for generating a static wave gate with delay size corresponding to the microwave delay module, and the coupling attenuation delay signal and the target echo signal are synchronously selected through the static wave gate and the original dynamic wave gate of the radar;
the double-signal processing module is integrated in the monopulse radar signal processing subsystem and is used for synchronously processing the selected target echo signal and the coupling attenuation delay signal;
the dynamic RCS data processing module is used for carrying out timing calibration on the self-calibration k value, carrying out real-time calibration on the measurement data of the target according to the corrected self-calibration k value, and obtaining calibrated RCS measurement data;
the dynamic RCS data processing module comprises a self-calibration k value database, a self-calibration k value calculation unit and a dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration unit;
the self-calibration k value calculation unit is used for calculating self-calibration k values of different frequency points and different signal forms of the system when the standard ball is tracked, and storing the self-calibration k values into the self-calibration k value database;
the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration unit is used for calling the self-calibration k value in the self-calibration k value database in the following process of the flying target, and carrying out real-time calibration on the RCS measurement data of the corresponding echo according to the self-calibration k value.
2. The method for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data is characterized in that the device for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data according to claim 1 is adopted and comprises the following steps:
the standard ball is tracked regularly, a coupling attenuation delay signal and a target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse are received, synchronous selection and processing are carried out through a static wave gate and an original dynamic wave gate of the radar, calibration checking is carried out on self-calibration k values of different frequency points of a dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device, and a corrected self-calibration k value is obtained;
when a flying target is tracked, the coupling attenuation delay signal and the target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse are received, synchronous selection and processing are carried out through the static wave gate and the original dynamic wave gate of the radar, and based on the corrected self-calibration k value, synchronous processing and real-time self-calibration processing are carried out on the selected target echo signal and the coupling attenuation delay signal, so that RCS measurement data after real-time calibration is obtained.
3. The method for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data according to claim 2, wherein the calibrating and checking the self-calibration k values of different frequency points of the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device to obtain the corrected self-calibration k value comprises:
regularly tracking a standard ball, and performing calibration check on self-calibration k values of different frequency points in a self-calibration k value database to obtain a current k value;
obtaining the fluctuation size according to the self-calibration k value and the corresponding current k value, obtaining a preset threshold value, and judging whether the fluctuation size exceeds the preset threshold value;
when the fluctuation size does not exceed the preset threshold value, taking the self-calibration k value in the self-calibration k value database as a corrected self-calibration k value;
when the fluctuation exceeds the preset threshold, the current k value is used as a corrected self-calibration k value, and the self-calibration k value database is updated according to the current k value.
4. The method for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data according to claim 2, wherein the calibrating and checking the self-calibration k values of different frequency points of the dynamic RCS measurement data real-time self-calibration device to obtain the corrected self-calibration k value, further comprises:
the calibration inspection is carried out by adopting a standard ball hung by a monopulse radar tracking rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, a target echo signal of the same transmitting pulse and a signal of a calibration channel coupling attenuation delay are processed at the same moment by a double-signal processing module, a corrected self-calibration k value is obtained, and the formula is as follows:
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,theoretical RCS data for standard spheres;nfor transmitting pulses +.>For transmitting the echo signal power received by the radar receiver after the pulse is reflected by the standard ball,/for the radar receiver>Attenuating signal power received by the radar receiver after delay for transmitting the pulse via the calibration channel coupling, +.>Is the standard ball distance measured with the transmitted pulse.
5. The method for real-time self-calibration of dynamic RCS measurement data according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing synchronization processing and real-time self-calibration processing on the selected target echo signal and the coupling attenuation delay signal based on the corrected self-calibration k value to obtain the real-time calibrated RCS measurement data comprises:
tracking a flying target by adopting a monopulse radar, synchronously processing a target echo signal and a coupling attenuation delay signal of the same transmitting pulse by adopting a double-signal processing module, and carrying out real-time calibration on dynamic RCS measurement data of the transmitting pulse by adopting a dynamic RCS data processing module based on a corrected self-calibration k value, wherein the formula is as follows:
，
in the method, in the process of the invention,ifor the transmitted pulse at the time of measurement,the method comprises the steps of measuring a dynamic flying target RCS value in real time and self-calibrating after transmitting pulses;For the power of the echo signal received by the radar receiver after the transmit pulse is reflected by the dynamic flying object,for the signal power of the coupling attenuation delay received by the radar receiver after the coupling attenuation delay of the transmitting pulse through the calibration channel,/for the transmitting pulse>For the dynamic flying-target distance measured with the transmitted pulses.
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