CN117644183A - Cold extrusion die combination of single-sided lantern ring with tooth structure and forming method thereof - Google Patents
Cold extrusion die combination of single-sided lantern ring with tooth structure and forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117644183A CN117644183A CN202311665598.1A CN202311665598A CN117644183A CN 117644183 A CN117644183 A CN 117644183A CN 202311665598 A CN202311665598 A CN 202311665598A CN 117644183 A CN117644183 A CN 117644183A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/58—Making machine elements rivets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cold extrusion die combination of a single-sided lantern ring with a tooth structure and a forming method thereof. The die assembly consists of a shearing die, a preliminary upsetting die, an inner hole stretching die, a flange pre-upsetting die, a flange forming die, a punching blanking die and a locking tooth forming die; the device also comprises a clamp matched with each die for feeding; the cold heading process comprises six-station forming, primary heading shaping, inner hole stretching, pre-heading of flanges, forming of flanges, punching blanking and forming of locking teeth. The invention adopts a forward extrusion stretching process, and can better control the uniformity of the wall thickness of the lantern ring products under the condition that the deformation limit of the materials is not exceeded; the pre-punching Kong Laliao and post-forming tooth locking process is adopted, so that the ejector pin is prevented from being broken due to multiple forces such as punching and extrusion, and the service life of the ejector pin is prolonged; one of the procedures realizes the improvement of the quality of the inner hole of the punched flange and the molding of the locking teeth, and ensures the consistency and stability of the structural dimension of the locking teeth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of riveting, belongs to riveting (B21J) and fastening (F16B) of metal machining, and relates to a cold extrusion die combination of a toothed structure single-sided lantern ring and a forming method thereof.
Background
Rivet fasteners generally comprise a rivet and a collar. In the riveting fastener processing production, the wall thickness of the existing common sleeve pipe part is relatively thicker, no step or special structure exists in the interior, the principle of unchanged cold extrusion deformation volume is adopted, the common sleeve ring is usually designed by adopting reverse extrusion molding, and the processing technology and the die structure of the sleeve ring are relatively simpler. However, for the thin-wall long tube structure, the uniformity of the wall thickness cannot be ensured by the conventional collar forming method. Meanwhile, a step and small tooth structure exists in the inner lock single-drum collar, and the conventional process design cannot realize the molding of the structure.
The utility model provides a single drum rivet of internal lock comprises a rivet and a lantern ring, and the rivet head has mobilizable locking ring, pole portion to have the locking groove, and under locking ring and riveter effect in the mounting process, extrusion lantern ring local bulge and inside deformation form two locking structures, and two locking structures make the single drum rivet of internal lock have excellent shock resistance. After the rivet is installed, the high-strength rivet core is locked in the lantern ring, so that the internal locking type single-drum rivet has good shearing resistance. In addition, the inner locking type single-drum rivet has no protrusion after being installed, no interference occurs, and the appearance is attractive. The method is widely applied to the automobile market and the urban rail market. The material of the inner lock single-drum lantern ring is 08AL, and the processing technology is as follows: cold extrusion molding, heat treatment and surface treatment. The inside of the lantern ring is provided with two-stage step holes, the inner steps reversely extend to form a small tooth structure, and the small teeth are forced to squeeze the metal flow and the locking groove to form a locking structure during riveting; the deformation area of the sleeve pipe part is deformed to form a blind rivet head during riveting. The external dimension consistency of the lantern ring and the stability of the small tooth form can be effectively ensured through cold extrusion molding. At present, because of the technical difficulty and the stability of production and manufacture, most of internal locking single drum rivets used in the field of domestic automobiles and urban rails are imported products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a cold extrusion die combination of a single-sided lantern ring with a tooth structure and a forming method thereof according to the defects of the prior manufacturing technology. The invention aims to provide a cold extrusion die combination for manufacturing a single-sided sleeve ring with a toothed structure by processing an inner lock single-drum sleeve ring, and the cold extrusion die combination and a forming method thereof, wherein the cold extrusion die combination has the advantages of stable appearance, good wall thickness uniformity and high product consistency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
cold extrusion die combination of toothed structure single face lantern ring, the cold upsetting shaping of mould combination and cold heading machine cooperation, its characterized in that: the die assembly consists of a shearing die, a preliminary upsetting die, an inner hole stretching die, a flange pre-upsetting die, a flange forming die, a punching blanking die and a locking tooth forming die, and further comprises a clamp matched with each die for feeding;
the shearing die comprises a shearing die and scissors and is used for shearing the processed material into a fixed-length bar stock;
the primary upsetting die comprises a station punching rod, a station main die and a station thimble, and is used for forming, finishing and optimizing the end face leveling quality of the sheared bar;
the inner hole stretching die comprises a two-station punching rod, a two-station main die, a two-station thimble and a two-station push pipe, and is used for simultaneously reducing the diameter of the pipe part and stretching the inner hole in a forward extrusion mode, and forming the sleeve in one step;
the flange pre-upsetting die comprises a three-station punching rod, a three-station punching tool, a three-station main die, a three-station thimble and a three-station push pipe, and is used for pre-upsetting a conical flange head;
the flange forming die comprises a four-station punching rod, a four-station punching tool, a four-station main die, a four-station thimble and a four-station push pipe, and is used for forming a finished flange;
the punching blanking die comprises a five-station punching rod pipe, a five-station main die, a five-station thimble and a five-station push pipe, and is used for forming and finishing punching and blanking of a central hole of a workpiece;
the locking tooth forming die comprises a six-station punching rod pipe, a six-station main die, a six-station thimble and a six-station push pipe, wherein the diameter of an inner hole of the six-station main die is equal to the outer diameter of a formed sleeve, a shaping part is arranged on a ring rod at the front part of the six-station thimble, the diameter of the shaping part is equal to the inner diameter of a flange, the diameter of a rod part at the rear end of the six-station thimble is equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve, a six-station thimble inclined shoulder is arranged at the connecting part between the front part and the rear part of the six-station thimble, the inclined shoulder angle is 5 degrees, and the locking tooth forming die is used for shaping the sleeve and forming the locking tooth at the inner end part of the sleeve.
Further, each die punch and/or die is/are arranged on a main sliding block of the cold header and can do reciprocating motion, a main die, a thimble and/or a push tube are arranged on a die holder of the forming machine, and an operating mechanism and an ejection mechanism are arranged above and behind the die holder; and the clamp is adopted to transfer blanks among the stations.
Preferably, the center of the shearing die and the center of the shearing die are respectively provided with a through hole for penetrating through the bar stock, and the through hole at the rear end of the shearing die is of a horn-shaped expanding structure with the outer end larger than the inner end; the clearance W1 between the scissors and the shearing die is 0.02d1mm, the inner diameter D2 of the scissors is 1.01d1mm, the inner diameter D3 of the shearing die is 1.015d1mm, and the feeding angle α1=30° of the horn-shaped expanding structure of the shearing die, wherein D1 is the diameter of the bar stock.
Preferably, a station punching rod and a station thimble are of a cylindrical ejector rod structure, a station main die is provided with a through hole with a reducing shaping step, the inner diameter d4=d1+0.1mm of the main die, a shaping fillet R1 is 0.2d4mm, and the thimble hole stamping depth w2=0.5mm.
Preferably, the two-station punching rod and the two-station thimble are of a cylindrical ejector rod structure, the two-station push pipe is a sleeve sleeved on the two-station thimble, and the two-station main die is provided with a reducing through hole; the inner diameter d5a=d4+0.05mm of the main die, the diameter d5b=d0d-0.06 mm of the main die, the diameter d5c=d0c+0.1 mm of the thimble stretching inner hole, the diameter d5e=d5b+0.06 mm of the main die after diameter reduction, the guide angle α2=60°, the transition angle α3=30°, the bandwidth h1=0.8 mm of the main die after diameter reduction, the bandwidth h2=0.5 mm of the thimble stretching inner hole, and the transition round angle r2=0.3 mm before diameter reduction; where D0D is the casing outer diameter and D0c is the casing inner diameter.
Preferably, the three-station punching rod and the three-station thimble are of a cylindrical ejector rod structure, the three-station punching tool and the three-station main die are provided with reducing through holes, and the three-station push tube is a sleeve sleeved on the three-station thimble; the inner diameter d6a=d5b+0.02mm of the main die, the inner diameter d6b=d5c-0.04 mm of the thimble, and the pre-upsetting flange bevel angle alpha 4=30°.
Preferably, the four-station punching rod and the four-station thimble are of cylindrical ejector rod structures, the four-station punching tool and the four-station main die are provided with through holes, the end face of the four-station punching tool is provided with a flange forming die cavity, and the four-station push tube is a sleeve sleeved on the four-station thimble; die cavity opening diameter d8=d0a+1mm, die cavity depth w3=w0a-0.6 mm, die hole depth w4=2.2 mm, pushing tube to main die horizontal plane distance w5=w bmm, main die inner diameter d7a=d6a+0.02 mm, thimble diameter d7b=d6b-0.04 mm; wherein D0a is the flange outer diameter, W0a is the flange thickness, and W0b is the sleeve length.
Preferably, the five-station punching rod pipe is provided with a reducing through hole, the five-station main die is provided with a through hole, the five-station ejector pin is of a reducing cylindrical ejector rod structure, and the five-station ejector pipe is a sleeve sleeved on the five-station ejector pin; the inner diameter d9a=d0 dmm of the main die, the diameter d9b=d0b-0.03 mm of the punching thimble, the inner tooth diameter d10=d0b-0.06 mm of the rod tube, and the working bandwidth H3=0.8 mm of the punching thimble.
Preferably, the six-station punching rod tube is provided with a reducing through hole, the six-station main die is provided with a through hole, the six-station thimble is of a reducing cylindrical ejector rod structure, the reducing section forms an inclined shoulder and is provided with a groove formed by reducing the diameter in front of the inclined shoulder, and the six-station push tube is a sleeve sleeved on the six-station thimble; the front ring rod of the six-station thimble is provided with a variable-diameter shaping part which is in smooth transition along the axial surface of the rod; main die inner diameter d10a=d9 amm, ejector pin shaping portion maximum diameter d10b=d0 bmm, ejector pin stem diameter d10c=d0 cmm, ejector pin bevel shoulder angle α5=5°.
The invention also discloses a forming method of the cold extrusion die combination adopting the toothed structure single-sided lantern ring, which comprises the following steps: the cold heading of the lantern ring adopts a wire rod, and the lubricating property of the surface of the wire rod is improved through phosphorus saponification treatment through 1-time spheroidizing annealing and 2-time cold drawing;
the cold heading process is six-station molding, and the molding process is as follows: shearing blanking, and then sequentially performing primary upsetting shaping, inner hole stretching, pre-upsetting of a flange, forming of a flange, punching blanking and forming of locking teeth;
shearing blanking, namely shearing and blanking raw materials together by a shearing die and scissors; setting the shearing length through an operation panel of the forming machine and a material blocking gauge, enabling the straightened wire rods to enter an inner hole of a shearing die under the operation of a feeding wheel, and enabling scissors to complete shearing and blanking of the wire rods under the reciprocating motion of a cutting mechanism when the straightened wire rods contact with the front material blocking gauge;
the method comprises the steps of performing primary upsetting shaping, namely performing primary upsetting shaping by a station, moving a cut bar to a station through a station clamp, loosening the clamp when a station punching rod pushes the bar into a station main die for 4mm, continuously pushing the punching rod forward by a main sliding block and pressing the bar to deform in a station main die cavity, and finishing primary upsetting shaping when the main sliding block moves to an upper dead point position, wherein a punching tool starts to retreat along with the main sliding block; simultaneously, the rear ejection mechanism pushes the ejector pin to move forwards to eject the workpiece in the one-station main die, and when the front end face of the workpiece is ejected to the 6mm of the one-station main die face, the two-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected and the quality of the end face of the bar is optimized by one-station forming;
stretching an inner hole, forming by a two-station clamp, moving a one-station workpiece to the two stations, loosening the clamp when a two-station punching rod pushes the workpiece into a two-station main die for 4mm, continuously pushing the workpiece forward by the punching rod to force the workpiece to be stressed and stretched, and under the restriction of the main die, a thimble and a push tube, enabling metal to flow forward to form the inner hole, so that the punching tool retreats along with the main sliding block after stretching is completed; the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube forward to eject the workpiece in the main die, when the front end surface of the workpiece is ejected to the die surface of 11mm, the three-station clamp is closed to clamp the tube part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected, and the two-station tube part diameter reduction and inner hole stretching forming are completed;
the pre-upsetting flange is formed by three stations, a three-station clamp moves a two-station workpiece to three stations, when a three-station punching tool pushes the workpiece into a three-station main die for 5mm, the clamp is loosened, the punching tool continues to push the workpiece and extrudes the workpiece to deform, and under the combined action of the punching tool, the punching rod, the ejector pin, the push pipe and the main die, metal flows according to limited space to complete pre-upsetting forming of the flange; the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push pipe forward to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the workpiece is ejected to the main die surface by 11mm, the four-station clamp is closed to clamp the pipe part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected, so that the three-station conical pre-upsetting flange forming is completed;
forming a flange, namely forming by four working positions, transferring a three-working position workpiece to four working positions by four working position clamps, loosening the clamps when the four working position punching tool pushes the workpiece into a four working position main die for 5mm, continuously pushing the workpiece by the punching tool and extruding the workpiece to deform, and under the combined action of the punching tool, the punching rod, the thimble and the main die, enabling metal to flow according to a limited space to finish the forming of the flange, and retreating the punching tool; the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push pipe to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the workpiece is ejected to the main die surface by 10mm, the five-station clamp is closed to clamp the pipe part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected; completing the four-station flange molding;
punching and blanking, wherein a five-station clamp conveys a four-station workpiece to a five-station, when a five-station punching rod pipe pushes the workpiece into a five-station main die for 3mm, the clamp is loosened, the five-station punching rod pipe continues to push the workpiece to move, waste is punched under the combined action of the punching rod pipe, the main die, the ejector pins and the pushing pipe, and the punching rod pipe retreats; the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube to eject the workpiece, and when the workpiece is ejected to the main die surface by 14mm, the six-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece tube part until the workpiece is completely ejected, so that punching and blanking are completed;
forming locking teeth, namely forming by six stations, conveying a five-station workpiece to the six stations by using a six-station clamp, loosening the clamp when the six-station rod punching pipe pushes the workpiece into a six-station main die for 3mm, continuously pushing the workpiece to move by the six-station rod punching pipe, finishing shaping and forming an inner hole step locking tooth structure under the combined action of the six-station rod punching pipe, the six-station main die, the six-station thimble and the six-station push pipe, and backing the six-station rod punching pipe; the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube to eject the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected; and finishing sleeve shaping and locking tooth shaping.
The continuous cold extrusion molding method is adopted, and the processes of shearing blanking, preliminary upsetting shaping, inner hole stretching, pre-upsetting flange, molding flange and blanking molding locking teeth are completed through the molding die and the operating clamp, so that continuous cold extrusion production of the lantern ring is realized. The reverse locking teeth in the lantern ring are key influencing factors of the riveting quality and performance of the product, and are key points for influencing the quality of the cold extrusion forming process. Meanwhile, the wall thickness uniformity of the pipe part greatly influences the riveting quality of the product because the pipe wall of the deformation area of the lantern ring is thinner.
The invention adopts the forward extrusion stretching and shrinking technology to form the sleeve pipe part structure at the same station, and the uniformity of the wall thickness of the sleeve pipe type products is well controlled under the condition that the deformation limit of the material is not exceeded. The stretching and shrinking technology adopted in the invention has stable processing performance and long service life of the die through batch production and debugging.
The invention relies on the local structure of the through hole thimble, and simultaneously realizes the improvement of the quality of the inner hole of the punched flange and the molding of the locking teeth; the method is characterized in that an inclined shoulder structure is designed on the head of the through hole thimble, a concave groove formed by reducing is formed in front of the inclined shoulder, when the punch rod tube pushes the workpiece to be in contact with the thimble for extrusion, the workpiece is in arc extrusion with the head of the thimble, after the shaping of the inner hole of the flange is completed, the workpiece is continuously pushed to be in contact with the inclined shoulder of the thimble, part of metal of the workpiece is extruded and flows into the groove, and when the through hole thimble exits, the metal in the groove reversely flows and forms a locking tooth structure. Under the condition of ensuring the molding quality, the invention ensures the consistency and stability of the structural dimension of the locking teeth and realizes the continuous cold extrusion molding of the lantern ring.
The invention has the following advantages: the invention adopts a continuous cold extrusion molding method, relies on a six-station part molding machine, designs and selects cold heading disk elements with proper sizes, and completes the process steps of shearing blanking, preliminary heading shaping, inner hole stretching, pre-heading flange, molding flange, punching blanking, molding locking teeth and the like through a molding process method and tool mold design, thereby realizing continuous cold extrusion production of a single-sided lantern ring with a toothed structure.
The invention adopts the forward extrusion stretching process, and can better control the uniformity of the wall thickness of the lantern ring type products under the condition that the deformation limit of the materials is not exceeded. The pre-punching Kong Laliao and post-forming tooth locking process is adopted, so that the ejector pin is prevented from being broken due to multiple forces such as punching and extrusion, and the service life of the ejector pin is prolonged. And a process is designed to realize the improvement of the quality of the inner hole of the punched flange and the molding of the locking teeth, and the consistency and stability of the structural dimension of the locking teeth are ensured. Continuous cold extrusion forming of the single-sided lantern ring with the tooth structure is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a collar made in accordance with the present invention; in the figure, a is a flange plate, b is a sleeve, c is a locking tooth, namely a small tooth, W0a is a flange thickness, W0b is a sleeve length, D0a is a flange outer diameter, D0b is a flange inner diameter, D0c is a sleeve inner diameter, and D0D is a sleeve outer diameter.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a collar cold heading forming process; in the figure, D is a sheared blanking bar stock, e is a one-station workpiece, f is a two-station workpiece, g is a three-station workpiece, h is a four-station workpiece, i is a five-station workpiece, j is a six-station workpiece, and D1 is a blanking diameter.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a shear die; in the figure, A0 is a pair of scissors, B0 is a pair of scissors, D2 is the inner diameter of the pair of scissors, D3 is the inner diameter of the pair of scissors, W1 is the gap between the pair of scissors and the pair of scissors, and alpha 1 is the feeding angle of the pair of scissors.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cold header forming station; in the figure, A1 is a station punching rod, B1 is a station main die, C1 is a station thimble, D4 is the inner diameter of the station main die, R1 is a station main die shaping fillet, and W2 is the stamping depth of the station thimble.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cold heading two-station structure; FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of the circle in FIG. 5; in the figure, A2 is a two-station punching rod, B2 is a two-station main die, C2a is a two-station ejector pin, C2B is a two-station push pipe, D5a is the inner diameter of the two-station main die, D5B is the reduced diameter inner diameter of the two-station main die, D5C is the stretched inner diameter of the two-station ejector pin, D5e is the transitional inner diameter of the two-station main die, alpha 2 is a reduced diameter guide angle, alpha 3 is a reduced diameter later transition angle, H1 is the reduced diameter bandwidth of the two-station main die, H2 is the stretched inner diameter of the two-station ejector pin, and R2 is a transitional round angle before reducing.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cold heading three-station configuration; in the figure, A3a is a three-station punching rod, A3B is a three-station punching tool, B3 is a three-station main die, C3a is a three-station thimble, C3B is a three-station push tube, D6a is the inner diameter of the three-station main die, D6B is the inner diameter of the three-station thimble, and alpha 4 is the angle of a punching tool pre-upsetting flange.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cold header forming four-station structure; in the figure, A4a is a four-station punching rod, A4B is a four-station punching tool, B4 is a four-station main die, C4a is a four-station thimble, C4B is a four-station push tube, D8 is the cavity diameter of the four-station punching tool, W3 is the cavity depth of the four-station punching tool, W4 is the stamping hole depth of the four-station punching rod, W5 is the distance from the push tube to the horizontal plane of the main die, D7a is the inner diameter of the four-station main die, and D7B is the diameter of the four-station thimble.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a five-station structure for cold heading forming; FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the circle of FIG. 9; in the figure, A5 is a five-station punching rod pipe, B5 is a five-station main die, C5a is a five-station thimble, C5B is a five-station push pipe, D9a is the inner diameter of the five-station main die, D9B is the diameter of a five-station punching thimble, H3 is the working bandwidth of the punching thimble, and D10 is the inner tooth diameter of the five-station punching rod pipe.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a cold header forming six-station structure; FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary schematic view of the circle in FIG. 11; in the figure, A6 is a six-station punching rod pipe, B6 is a six-station main die, C6a is a six-station thimble, C6B is a six-station push pipe, D10a is the diameter of an inner hole of the six-station main die, D10B is the diameter of a shaping part of the six-station thimble, D10C is the diameter of a rod part of the six-station thimble, and alpha 5 is the angle of an inclined shoulder of the six-station thimble.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the outline of a four-point clamp E for cold heading molding.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative of the principles of the present invention and not in any way limiting, nor will the same or similar techniques be used in connection with the present invention beyond the scope of the present invention.
In combination with the accompanying drawings.
The single-sided lantern ring with the tooth structure adopts ML08AL coil stock as raw material, and cold heading forming is realized on a six-station part forming machine through automatic feeding, extrusion deformation and clamp operation. The specific forming process comprises the steps of cutting and blanking, primary upsetting and shaping, inner hole stretching, pre-upsetting of a flange, forming of the flange, punching and blanking and forming of locking teeth, and the cold upsetting process is designed into six-station forming, wherein each station die mainly comprises a punching tool (also called a male die), a thimble and a main die (also called a female die). Wherein, the punching tool is arranged on a main sliding block of the forming machine and can do reciprocating motion. The main die and the ejector pin are arranged on a die holder of the forming machine, and an operating mechanism and an ejection mechanism are arranged above and behind the die holder. And the clamp is adopted among the stations to automatically transfer blanks, and cold heading forming of the single-drum lantern ring of the internal lock is continuously and automatically realized.
The ML08AL coil rod for cold heading is used by the sleeve ring, and 1 spheroidizing annealing and 2 cold drawing processes are adopted to improve the uniformity of coil rod tissue and the uniformity of size, and the lubricating property of the surface of the coil rod is improved through phosphorus saponification treatment, so that the metal flow during cold heading forming is facilitated.
Shearing blanking is completed by the shearing die and the scissors together, shearing length is set through the operation panel of the forming machine and the material blocking gauge, the straightened wire rod enters an inner hole of the shearing die under the operation of the feeding wheel, and when the straightened wire rod contacts with the front material blocking gauge, the scissors complete shearing blanking of the wire rod under the reciprocating motion of the material cutting mechanism.
And (3) a station forming process: the cut bar is operated to a station through a station clamp, when a station punch pushes the bar into a station main die for about 4mm, the clamp is loosened, the main slide block continues to push the punch forwards and press the bar to deform in a station main die cavity, and when the main slide block is operated to a top dead center position, the primary upsetting shaping is completed, and the punch starts to retreat along with the main slide block. Meanwhile, the rear ejection mechanism pushes the ejector pin to move forwards to eject the workpiece in the main die of one station, and when the front end face of the workpiece is ejected to about 6mm of the main die face of the main die of one station (the rear half part of the workpiece is still in the die cavity to prevent the workpiece from falling down, the same applies below), the two-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected.
And (3) a two-station forming process: the two-station clamp is used for moving the one-station workpiece to the two stations, when the two-station punch is used for pushing the workpiece into the two-station main die by about 4mm, the clamp is loosened, the punch is used for continuously pushing the workpiece to force the workpiece to stretch in a stressed manner, under the limitation of the main die, the ejector pin and the push tube, the metal flows positively to form an inner hole, and the punch is retracted along with the main sliding block after the stretching is completed. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube forward to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the front end surface of the workpiece is ejected to about 11mm of the die surface, the three-station clamp is closed to clamp the tube part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected.
And (3) a three-station forming process: the three-station clamp is used for moving the two-station workpiece to the three-station, when the three-station punch is used for pushing the workpiece into the three-station main die by about 5mm, the clamp is loosened, the punch is used for continuously pushing the workpiece and extruding the workpiece to deform, and under the combined action of the punch, the punch rod, the ejector pin, the push pipe and the main die, metal flows according to the limited space, so that the pre-upsetting forming of the flange is completed. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube forward to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the workpiece is ejected to about 11mm of the main die surface, the four-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece tube until the workpiece is completely ejected.
Four-station forming process: the four-station clamp transfers the three-station workpiece to the four-station, when the four-station punching tool pushes the workpiece into the four-station main die by about 5mm, the clamp is loosened, the punching tool continues to push the workpiece and extrudes the workpiece to deform, metal flows according to the limited space under the combined action of the punching tool, the punching rod, the thimble and the main die, the flange is formed, and the punching tool retreats. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push pipe to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the workpiece is ejected to about 10mm of the main die surface, the five-station clamp is closed to clamp the pipe part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected.
Five-station forming process: the five-station clamp conveys the four-station workpiece to the five stations, when the five-station punching tool pushes the workpiece into the five-station main die by about 3mm, the clamp is loosened, the punching tool continues to push the workpiece to move, and the waste is punched under the combined action of the punching tool, the ejector pin and the main die, and the punching tool retreats. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube to eject the workpiece, and when the workpiece is ejected to about 14mm of the main die surface, the six-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece tube until the workpiece is completely ejected.
Six-station forming process: the six-station clamp conveys the five-station workpiece to the six-station, when the six-station punching tool pushes the workpiece into the six-station main die for about 3mm, the clamp is loosened, the punching tool continues to push the workpiece to move, and the locking tooth structure on the inner hole step is formed under the combined action of the punching tool, the ejector pin and the main die, and the punching tool retreats. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube to eject the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected. Thus, the cold heading forming of the single-drum lantern ring of the inner lock is completed.
The clearance value between the shearing die and the scissors is 0.02 times of the diameter of the cold heading wire rod. The inner diameter of the shear die is 1.015 times of the diameter of the cold heading wire rod, and the inner diameter of the shear is 1.01 times of the diameter of the cold heading wire rod.
The inner diameter of the main die of one station is 0.1mm larger than the diameter of the bar, and the inner shaping transition fillet of the die cavity is 0.2 times of the diameter of the material.
The two stations can simultaneously realize the stretching and diameter reduction of the workpiece, wherein the inner diameter of a leading die cavity of a main die of the two stations is 0.05mm larger than that of the workpiece of the first station, a transition round angle of the leading die cavity and the diameter reduction guide is 1/2 of the inner diameter of the leading die cavity, the diameter reduction guide cone angle in the die is 60 degrees, the width of a diameter reduction ligament is 0.8mm, the stretching toughness band width of the head part of a thimble of the two stations is 0.5mm, and 4 vent grooves are formed in the main die so as to prevent the die from expanding during cold heading.
3. The inner diameter of the four-station and five-station main dies is 0.02mm larger than the diameter of the pipe part of the upper station workpiece.
The bevel angle of the pre-upsetting flange of the three-station punching tool is 30 degrees.
1. The two, three, four, five and six-station clamps are four-point clamp structures and are used for clamping and fixing workpieces.
1. The contact parts of the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth station master dies and the workpiece are made of tungsten steel, and the heat treatment hardness is about HRC63.
3. The four-station punching tool is provided with a front leading-out structure, the leading-out length is the length of a workpiece contained in the punching tool, and belt materials of the punching tool are prevented from being carried out when the flange is formed.
The six-station thimble can realize the functions of shaping the inner hole of the flange and forming locking teeth, and the thimble is made of ASP60 material, and the heat treatment hardness is about HRC68.
The process steps of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the single-drum inner locking collar consists of a flange plate, locking teeth (small teeth), a sleeve and the like, and the reverse small teeth in the collar are key factors for influencing the riveting quality and the performance of the product and are also key points for influencing the quality of the cold extrusion molding process. Meanwhile, the wall thickness uniformity of the pipe part greatly influences the riveting quality of the product because the pipe wall of the deformation area of the lantern ring is thinner.
As shown in fig. 2, the cold heading forming process of the inner lock single-drum lantern ring sequentially performs cold heading forming on semi-finished products and finished products: shearing blanking d, preliminary upsetting shaping e, inner hole stretching f, preliminary upsetting flange g, forming flange h, punching blanking i and forming locking teeth j.
As shown in fig. 3, the shearing blanking is completed by the scissors A0 and the shearing die B0 together, the shearing length is set by the operation panel of the forming machine and the stop gauge, the straightened wire rod enters the inner hole of the shearing die under the operation of the feeding wheel, and when the straightened wire rod contacts with the front stop gauge, the scissors complete the shearing blanking of the wire rod under the reciprocating motion of the cutting mechanism. The clearance value between the scissors and the shearing die is about 0.02D1, the inner diameter D2 of the scissors is about 1.01D1, the inner diameter D3 of the shearing die is about 1.015D1, the feeding angle alpha 1 of the shearing die is 30 degrees, and the bar is easy to enter the shearing die, so that the bar with a relatively flat cutting surface is obtained.
As shown in fig. 4, the preliminary upsetting shaping is completed by a station punching rod A1, a station main die B1, a station thimble C1 and the like. The cut bar is operated to a station through a station clamp, when a station punch pushes the bar into a station main die for about 4mm, the clamp is loosened, the main slide block continues to push the punch forwards and press the bar to deform in a station main die cavity, and when the main slide block is operated to a top dead center position, the primary upsetting shaping is completed, and the punch starts to retreat along with the main slide block. Meanwhile, the rear ejection mechanism pushes the ejector pin to move forwards to eject the workpiece in the main die of one station, and when the front end face of the workpiece is ejected to about 6mm of the main die face of the main die of one station (the rear half part of the workpiece is still in the die cavity to prevent the workpiece from falling down, the same applies below), the two-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected. The inner diameter d4=d1+0.1 of the main die, the shaping fillet R1 is 0.2D4, and the thimble stamping hole depth w2=0.5 mm. And a proper overmould gap is reserved, so that a workpiece at the previous station is easy to enter a main mould at the next station, the quality of the end face of a sheared bar is optimized in the shaping process, and the workpiece is in balanced stress contact with a mould at the subsequent process, so that metal flows uniformly, and the precision of the workpiece is improved.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the inner hole stretching is completed by a two-station punching rod A2, a two-station main die B2, a two-station ejector pin C2a, a two-station push tube C2B and the like. The two-station clamp is used for moving the one-station workpiece to the two stations, when the two-station punch is used for pushing the workpiece into the two-station main die by about 4mm, the clamp is loosened, the punch is used for continuously pushing the workpiece to force the workpiece to be stressed and stretched, under the limitation of the main die, the ejector pin and the push tube, the metal positively flows to generate shrinkage and stretching to form an inner hole, and the punch is retracted along with the main sliding block after reaching a front dead point. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube forward to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the front end surface of the workpiece is ejected to about 11mm of the die surface, the three-station clamp is closed to clamp the tube part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected. The inner diameter d5a=d4+0.05 of the main die, the inner diameter d5b=d0d-0.06 of the main die, the diameter d5c=d0c+0.1 of the stretching inner hole of the thimble, the diameter d5e=d5b+0.06 of the main die after diameter reduction, the guide angle α2=60° of diameter reduction, the transition angle α3=30° after diameter reduction, the bandwidth H1=0.8 mm of diameter reduction of the main die, the bandwidth H2=0.5 mm of the stretching inner hole of the thimble, and the transition fillet r2=0.3 mm before diameter reduction. And simultaneously reducing the diameter of the pipe part and stretching the inner hole by adopting a forward extrusion mode, and forming the sleeve at one time.
As shown in fig. 7, the pre-upsetting flange is completed by a three-station punching rod A3a, a three-station punching tool A3B, a three-station main die B3, a three-station thimble C3a, a three-station push tube C3B and the like. The three-station clamp is used for moving the two-station workpiece to the three-station, when the three-station punch is used for pushing the workpiece into the three-station main die by about 5mm, the clamp is loosened, the punch is used for continuously pushing the workpiece and extruding the workpiece to deform, and under the combined action of the punch, the punch rod, the ejector pin, the push pipe and the main die, metal flows according to the limited space, so that the pre-upsetting forming of the flange is completed. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube forward to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the workpiece is ejected to about 11mm of the main die surface, the four-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece tube until the workpiece is completely ejected. The inner diameter d6a=d5b+0.02 of the main die, the inner diameter d6b=d5c-0.04 of the thimble, and the bevel angle alpha 4 of the punching pre-upsetting flange=30°. The taper-shaped pre-upsetting flange is beneficial to metal flow during subsequent flange forming, and the quality of the formed flange is improved.
As shown in fig. 8, the forming flange is completed by a four-station punching rod A4a, a four-station punching tool A4B, a four-station main die B4, a four-station thimble C4a, a four-station push tube C4B and the like. The four-station clamp transfers the three-station workpiece to the four-station, when the four-station punching tool pushes the workpiece into the four-station main die by about 5mm, the clamp is loosened, the punching tool continues to push the workpiece and extrudes the workpiece to deform, metal flows according to the limited space under the combined action of the punching tool, the punching rod, the thimble and the main die, the flange is formed, and the punching tool retreats. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push pipe to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the workpiece is ejected to about 10mm of the main die surface, the five-station clamp is closed to clamp the pipe part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected. Die cavity diameter d8=d0a+1, die cavity depth w3=w0a-0.6, punch pin hole depth w4=2.2 mm, push tube to master die horizontal plane distance w5=w0b, master die inner diameter d7a=d6a+0.02, ejector pin diameter d7b=d6b-0.04. And a proper distance is reserved to enable the flange to be freely formed outside the main die, so that the flange forming load is reduced, meanwhile, the continuous leather is controlled to be at a proper position through punching and stamping holes, the thickness of the continuous leather is reduced, the service life of the die is prolonged, and the quality of the continuous leather after subsequent punching is improved.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, punching and blanking are completed by a five-station punching rod pipe A5, a five-station main die B5, a five-station thimble C5a, a five-station push pipe C5B and the like. The station clamp conveys the four-station workpiece to five stations, when the five-station punching tool pushes the workpiece into the five-station main die for about 3mm, the clamp is loosened, the punching tool continues to push the workpiece to move, and workpiece blanking is completed under the combined action of the punching tool, the ejector pin and the main die, and the punching tool retreats. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube to eject the workpiece, and when the workpiece is ejected to about 14mm of the main die surface, the six-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece tube until the workpiece is completely ejected. The inner diameter d9a=d0d of the main die, the diameter d9b=d0b-0.03 of the punching thimble, the diameter d10=d0b-0.06 of the internal tooth of the rod tube, and the working bandwidth H3=0.8mm of the punching thimble. The diameter of the inner teeth of the rod tube is smaller than the diameter of the punched waste, so that the waste is prevented from being stuck on the thimble, and the service life of the die is influenced.
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the forming locking teeth are formed by a six-station punching rod pipe A6, a six-station main die B6, a six-station thimble C6a, a six-station push pipe C6B and the like. The station clamp conveys the five-station workpiece to the six stations, when the six-station punching tool pushes the workpiece into the six-station main die for about 3mm, the clamp is loosened, the punching tool continues to push the workpiece to move, and the locking tooth structure on the inner hole step is formed under the combined action of the punching tool, the ejector pin and the main die, and the punching tool retreats. The rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube to eject the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected. Thus, the cold heading forming of the single-drum lantern ring of the inner lock is completed. Main die inner diameter d10a=d9a, ejector pin shaping diameter d10b=d0b, ejector pin stem diameter d10c=d0c, ejector pin bevel shoulder angle α5=5°. The ejector pin belt shaping circular arc improves the quality of an inner hole of a flange after punching, part of metal flows into an ejector pin groove along with extrusion of an ejector pin pushing workpiece and an ejector pin oblique shoulder, the subsequent ejector pin retreats, the ejector tube pushes the workpiece to leave a main die in the process, the metal in the groove contacts with a transitional circular arc of an ejector pin head and the groove, locking teeth are formed preliminarily, secondary shaping of the locking teeth is achieved through extrusion of the subsequent ejector pin shaping circular arc, the forming quality of the locking teeth is improved, and disposable blanking and forming of the locking teeth are achieved.
As shown in fig. 13, the four-point clamp E is used for transferring workpieces between the working procedures in the forming process, and is a Zhang Bishi clamp.
Claims (10)
1. Cold extrusion die combination of toothed structure single face lantern ring, the cold upsetting shaping of mould combination and cold heading machine cooperation, its characterized in that: the die assembly consists of a shearing die, a preliminary upsetting die, an inner hole stretching die, a flange pre-upsetting die, a flange forming die, a punching blanking die and a locking tooth forming die, and further comprises a clamp matched with each die for feeding;
the shearing die comprises a shearing die and scissors and is used for shearing the processed material into a fixed-length bar stock;
the primary upsetting die comprises a station punching rod, a station main die and a station thimble, and is used for forming, finishing and optimizing the end face leveling quality of the sheared bar;
the inner hole stretching die comprises a two-station punching rod, a two-station main die, a two-station thimble and a two-station push pipe, and is used for simultaneously reducing the diameter of the pipe part and stretching the inner hole in a forward extrusion mode, and forming the sleeve in one step;
the flange pre-upsetting die comprises a three-station punching rod, a three-station punching tool, a three-station main die, a three-station thimble and a three-station push pipe, and is used for pre-upsetting a conical flange head;
the flange forming die comprises a four-station punching rod, a four-station punching tool, a four-station main die, a four-station thimble and a four-station push pipe, and is used for forming a finished flange;
the punching blanking die comprises a five-station punching rod pipe, a five-station main die, a five-station thimble and a five-station push pipe, and is used for forming and finishing punching and blanking of a central hole of a workpiece;
the locking tooth forming die comprises a six-station punching rod pipe, a six-station main die, a six-station thimble and a six-station push pipe, wherein the diameter of an inner hole of the six-station main die is equal to the outer diameter of a formed sleeve, a shaping part is arranged on a ring rod at the front part of the six-station thimble, the diameter of the shaping part is equal to the inner diameter of a flange, the diameter of a rod part at the rear end of the six-station thimble is equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve, a thimble inclined shoulder is arranged at the connecting part between the front part and the rear part of the six-station thimble, the inclined shoulder angle is 5 degrees, and the locking tooth forming die is used for shaping the sleeve and forming the locking tooth at the inner end part of the sleeve.
2. The toothed structure single-sided collar cold extrusion die combination of claim 1, wherein: the die punching rods and/or the punching tools are arranged on a main sliding block of the cold header and can do reciprocating motion, the main die, the ejector pins and/or the ejector tubes are arranged on a die holder of the forming machine, and an operating mechanism and an ejection mechanism are arranged above and behind the die holder; and the clamp is adopted to transfer blanks among the stations.
3. The toothed structure single-sided collar cold extrusion die combination of claim 2, wherein: the centers of the shearing die and the scissors are provided with through holes for penetrating through bars, and the through holes at the rear end of the shearing die are of a horn-shaped expanding structure with the outer end larger than the inner end; the clearance W1 between the scissors and the shearing die is 0.02d1mm, the inner diameter D2 of the scissors is 1.01d1mm, the inner diameter D3 of the shearing die is 1.015d1mm, and the feeding angle α1=30° of the horn-shaped expanding structure of the shearing die, wherein D1 is the diameter of the bar stock.
4. A toothed structure single-sided collar cold extrusion die combination as in claim 3 wherein: one station punching rod and one station thimble are cylindrical ejector rod structures, one station main die is provided with a through hole with a reducing shaping step, the inner diameter D4=D1+0.1mm of the main die is equal to 0.2D4mm of a shaping fillet R1, and the thimble hole stamping depth W2=0.5 mm.
5. A toothed structure single-sided collar cold extrusion die combination as in claim 3 wherein: the two-station punching rod and the two-station thimble are of a cylindrical ejector rod structure, the two-station push pipe is a sleeve sleeved on the two-station thimble, and the two-station main die is provided with a reducing through hole; the inner diameter d5a=d4+0.05mm of the main die, the diameter d5b=d0d-0.06 mm of the main die, the diameter d5c=d0c+0.1 mm of the thimble stretching inner hole, the diameter d5e=d5b+0.06 mm of the main die after diameter reduction, the guide angle α2=60°, the transition angle α3=30°, the bandwidth h1=0.8 mm of the main die after diameter reduction, the bandwidth h2=0.5 mm of the thimble stretching inner hole, and the transition round angle r2=0.3 mm before diameter reduction; where D0D is the casing outer diameter and D0c is the casing inner diameter.
6. The toothed structure single-sided collar cold extrusion die combination of claim 5, wherein: the three-station punching rod and the three-station thimble are of a cylindrical ejector rod structure, the three-station punching tool and the three-station main die are provided with reducing through holes, and the three-station push tube is a sleeve sleeved on the three-station thimble; the inner diameter d6a=d5b+0.02mm of the main die, the inner diameter d6b=d5c-0.04 mm of the thimble, and the pre-upsetting flange bevel angle alpha 4=30°.
7. The toothed structure single-sided collar cold extrusion die combination of claim 6, wherein: the four-station punching rod and the four-station thimble are of cylindrical ejector rod structures, the four-station punching tool and the four-station main die are provided with through holes, the end face of the four-station punching tool is provided with a flange molding die cavity, and the four-station push tube is a sleeve sleeved on the four-station thimble; die cavity opening diameter d8=d0a+1mm, die cavity depth w3=w0a-0.6 mm, die hole depth w4=2.2 mm, pushing tube to main die horizontal plane distance w5=w bmm, main die inner diameter d7a=d6a+0.02 mm, thimble diameter d7b=d6b-0.04 mm; wherein D0a is the flange outer diameter, W0a is the flange thickness, and W0b is the sleeve length.
8. The toothed structure single-sided collar cold extrusion die combination of claim 7, wherein: the five-station punching rod pipe is provided with a variable-diameter through hole, the five-station main die is provided with a through hole, the five-station ejector pin is of a variable-diameter cylindrical ejector rod structure, and the five-station ejector pipe is a sleeve sleeved on the five-station ejector pin; the inner diameter d9a=d0 dmm of the main die, the diameter d9b=d0b-0.03 mm of the punching thimble, the inner tooth diameter d10=d0b-0.06 mm of the rod tube, and the working bandwidth H3=0.8 mm of the punching thimble.
9. The toothed structure single-sided collar cold extrusion die combination of claim 8, wherein: the six-station punching rod tube is provided with a variable-diameter through hole, the six-station main die is provided with a through hole, the six-station thimble is of a variable-diameter cylindrical ejector rod structure, the variable-diameter section forms an inclined shoulder, a groove formed by reducing is arranged in front of the inclined shoulder, and the six-station pushing tube is a sleeve sleeved on the six-station thimble; the front ring rod of the six-station thimble is provided with a variable-diameter shaping part which is in smooth transition along the axial surface of the rod; main die inner diameter d10a=d9 amm, ejector pin shaping portion maximum diameter d10b=d0 bmm, ejector pin stem diameter d10c=d0 cmm, ejector pin bevel shoulder angle α5=5°.
10. A cold extrusion molding method of a single-sided lantern ring with a tooth structure comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that: a single-sided collar cold extrusion die combination of a formed toothed structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; the cold heading of the lantern ring adopts a wire rod, and the lubricating property of the surface of the wire rod is improved through phosphorus saponification treatment through 1-time spheroidizing annealing and 2-time cold drawing;
the cold heading process is six-station molding, and the molding process is as follows: shearing blanking, and then sequentially performing primary upsetting shaping, inner hole stretching, pre-upsetting of a flange, forming of a flange, punching blanking and forming of locking teeth;
shearing blanking, namely shearing and blanking raw materials together by a shearing die and scissors; setting the shearing length through an operation panel of the forming machine and a material blocking gauge, enabling the straightened wire rods to enter an inner hole of a shearing die under the operation of a feeding wheel, and enabling scissors to complete shearing and blanking of the wire rods under the reciprocating motion of a cutting mechanism when the straightened wire rods contact with the front material blocking gauge;
the method comprises the steps of performing primary upsetting shaping, namely performing primary upsetting shaping by a station, moving a cut bar to a station through a station clamp, loosening the clamp when a station punching rod pushes the bar into a station main die for 4mm, continuously pushing the punching rod forward by a main sliding block and pressing the bar to deform in a station main die cavity, and finishing primary upsetting shaping when the main sliding block moves to an upper dead point position, wherein a punching tool starts to retreat along with the main sliding block; simultaneously, the rear ejection mechanism pushes the ejector pin to move forwards to eject the workpiece in the one-station main die, and when the front end face of the workpiece is ejected to the 6mm of the one-station main die face, the two-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected and the quality of the end face of the bar is optimized by one-station forming;
stretching an inner hole, forming by a two-station clamp, moving a one-station workpiece to the two stations, loosening the clamp when a two-station punching rod pushes the workpiece into a two-station main die for 4mm, continuously pushing the workpiece forward by the punching rod to force the workpiece to be stressed and stretched, and under the restriction of the main die, a thimble and a push tube, enabling metal to flow forward to form the inner hole, so that the punching tool retreats along with the main sliding block after stretching is completed; the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube forward to eject the workpiece in the main die, when the front end surface of the workpiece is ejected to the die surface of 11mm, the three-station clamp is closed to clamp the tube part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected, and the two-station tube part diameter reduction and inner hole stretching forming are completed;
the pre-upsetting flange is formed by three stations, a three-station clamp moves a two-station workpiece to three stations, when a three-station punching tool pushes the workpiece into a three-station main die for 5mm, the clamp is loosened, the punching tool continues to push the workpiece and extrudes the workpiece to deform, and under the combined action of the punching tool, the punching rod, the ejector pin, the push pipe and the main die, metal flows according to limited space to complete pre-upsetting forming of the flange; the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push pipe forward to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the workpiece is ejected to the main die surface by 11mm, the four-station clamp is closed to clamp the pipe part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected, so that the three-station conical pre-upsetting flange forming is completed;
forming a flange, namely forming by four working positions, transferring a three-working position workpiece to four working positions by four working position clamps, loosening the clamps when the four working position punching tool pushes the workpiece into a four working position main die for 5mm, continuously pushing the workpiece by the punching tool and extruding the workpiece to deform, and under the combined action of the punching tool, the punching rod, the thimble and the main die, enabling metal to flow according to a limited space to finish the forming of the flange, and retreating the punching tool; the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push pipe to eject the workpiece in the main die, and when the workpiece is ejected to the main die surface by 10mm, the five-station clamp is closed to clamp the pipe part of the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected, so that the four-station flange forming is completed;
punching and blanking, wherein a five-station clamp conveys a four-station workpiece to a five-station, when a five-station punching rod pipe pushes the workpiece into a five-station main die for 3mm, the clamp is loosened, the five-station punching rod pipe continues to push the workpiece to move, waste is punched under the combined action of the punching rod pipe, the main die, the ejector pins and the pushing pipe, and the punching rod pipe retreats; the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube to eject the workpiece, and when the workpiece is ejected to the main die surface by 14mm, the six-station clamp is closed to clamp the workpiece tube part until the workpiece is completely ejected, so that punching and blanking are completed;
forming locking teeth, namely forming by six stations, conveying a five-station workpiece to the six stations by using a six-station clamp, loosening the clamp when the six-station rod punching pipe pushes the workpiece into a six-station main die for 3mm, continuously pushing the workpiece to move by the six-station rod punching pipe, shaping and forming an inner hole step locking tooth structure under the combined action of the six-station rod punching pipe, the six-station main die, the six-station thimble and the six-station push pipe, and backing the six-station rod punching pipe;
the rear ejection mechanism pushes the push tube to eject the workpiece until the workpiece is completely ejected, and sleeve shaping and locking tooth shaping are completed.
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| CN202311665598.1A CN117644183A (en) | 2023-12-06 | 2023-12-06 | Cold extrusion die combination of single-sided lantern ring with tooth structure and forming method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118788911A (en) * | 2024-09-11 | 2024-10-18 | 珠海聚能精密工业有限公司 | A cold heading processing equipment and method for relay micro-precision parts |
-
2023
- 2023-12-06 CN CN202311665598.1A patent/CN117644183A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118788911A (en) * | 2024-09-11 | 2024-10-18 | 珠海聚能精密工业有限公司 | A cold heading processing equipment and method for relay micro-precision parts |
| CN118788911B (en) * | 2024-09-11 | 2024-11-29 | 珠海聚能精密工业有限公司 | Cold heading processing equipment and method for micro precise parts of relay |
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