CN117617019A - Natural light utilization method for stereoscopic planting - Google Patents
Natural light utilization method for stereoscopic planting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117617019A CN117617019A CN202311544218.9A CN202311544218A CN117617019A CN 117617019 A CN117617019 A CN 117617019A CN 202311544218 A CN202311544218 A CN 202311544218A CN 117617019 A CN117617019 A CN 117617019A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- planting
- light source
- intensity
- light
- natural light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005316 response function Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000024245 cell differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037824 growth disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036435 stunted growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于立体种植的自然光利用方法，包括：S1、在种植系统内部布设种植盆立体循环机构；S2、根据人工光源特性，通过算法模拟得出人工光源在种植系统内的精确点位；S3、实时检测种植系统内自然光的光照强度，控制顶部遮阳帘的开合度和人工光源的起闭，并通过模糊控制算法控制人工光源的光照强度，同时通过种植盆立体循环机构运行使立体种植的每层作物做全时段、匀速的上下运动。本发明大大提高了种植密度，同时保障了作物各阶段对于光照的需求始终处于最精准的状态，提高了自然光的利用率和每层作物光照的均匀度，而且降低了人工光的需求，进一步降低了整个种植系统的能耗。
The invention discloses a natural light utilization method for three-dimensional planting, which includes: S1. Arranging a three-dimensional circulation mechanism of planting pots inside the planting system; S2. According to the characteristics of the artificial light source, the accuracy of the artificial light source in the planting system is obtained through algorithm simulation. Point position; S3, real-time detection of the intensity of natural light in the planting system, controlling the opening and closing of the top sunshade and the opening and closing of the artificial light source, and controlling the intensity of the artificial light source through a fuzzy control algorithm, while simultaneously operating through the three-dimensional circulation mechanism of the planting pot. Each layer of crops planted three-dimensionally moves up and down at a uniform speed throughout the entire period. The invention greatly increases the planting density, while ensuring that the demand for light at each stage of the crop is always in the most accurate state, improving the utilization rate of natural light and the uniformity of illumination of each layer of crops, and reducing the demand for artificial light, further reducing the The energy consumption of the entire planting system is reduced.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及种植技术领域，具体涉及一种用于立体种植的自然光利用方法。The invention relates to the field of planting technology, and in particular to a natural light utilization method for three-dimensional planting.
背景技术Background technique
近年来随着环境的破环、气候变化，传统农业正遭遇着严峻的挑战。由于作物受外界环境影响较大，导致传统农业的产量不可控。In recent years, with environmental degradation and climate change, traditional agriculture is facing severe challenges. Because crops are greatly affected by the external environment, the output of traditional agriculture is uncontrollable.
植物工厂立体种植技术是一种利用先进室内农业技术，以人工方式控制植物生长环境的设施。它通过模拟自然光照、温湿度、CO2浓度等因素，为植物提供最适宜的生长条件，从而实现高效、可持续的农业生产。Plant factory three-dimensional planting technology is a facility that uses advanced indoor agricultural technology to artificially control the plant growth environment. It provides the most suitable growth conditions for plants by simulating natural light, temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration and other factors, thereby achieving efficient and sustainable agricultural production.
光对植物的生长发育具有特殊重要地位，几乎影响到植物的所有生长阶段，阳光对植物生长的影响不仅通过代谢影响其生长，而且通过抑制细胞生长和是促进细胞分化直接影响植物器官的分化和形态。Light plays a special role in the growth and development of plants, affecting almost all growth stages of plants. The impact of sunlight on plant growth not only affects its growth through metabolism, but also directly affects the differentiation and differentiation of plant organs by inhibiting cell growth and promoting cell differentiation. form.
在种植过程中，满足植物对于光照的需求，目前有以下几种方案：During the planting process, there are currently several options to meet the plants’ needs for light:
a)传统农业种植，完全依靠种植者的经验。但是作物对光照的需求主要依靠外部的天气。虽然该种方式能耗很低，但是受外界环境的变化较大，导致作物的产量和品质不可控；a) Traditional agricultural cultivation relies entirely on the experience of the growers. However, crops' demand for light mainly depends on external weather. Although this method consumes very little energy, it is subject to large changes in the external environment, resulting in uncontrollable crop yield and quality;
b)植物工厂种植，采用人工光的方式来满足作物生长对于光照的需求。但是该种方式对于能源的消耗极大，30％-50％左右的能源都消耗于植物补光；b) Plant factory cultivation uses artificial light to meet the light needs of crop growth. However, this method consumes a lot of energy, and about 30%-50% of the energy is consumed to supplement light for plants;
c)温室种植，采用人工光和自然光相结合的方式对作物进行补光，对于能源的消耗有一定的节省。但是受限于自然光的照射特性，如果采用多层种植，则自然光无法对每层的作物进行照射，所以绝大多数的温室采用单层的种植，该种方式导致种植密度低。c) Greenhouse planting uses a combination of artificial light and natural light to supplement crops, which can save energy consumption to a certain extent. However, due to the irradiation characteristics of natural light, if multi-layer planting is used, natural light cannot illuminate the crops in each layer. Therefore, most greenhouses use single-layer planting, which results in low planting density.
因此，亟需提供一种用于立体种植的自然光利用方法。Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a natural light utilization method for three-dimensional planting.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述问题，本发明提供一种用于立体种植的自然光利用方法，采用自然光与人工光相结合的方式，通过种植循环系统充分利用自然光，从而使作物在生长过程中，对于光照的均一性得以满足，同时使整个立体种植系统的能耗大大降低。In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a natural light utilization method for three-dimensional planting, which uses a combination of natural light and artificial light to fully utilize natural light through a planting circulation system, so that the uniformity of light during the growth process of crops can be achieved. Satisfaction, while greatly reducing the energy consumption of the entire three-dimensional planting system.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案实现：In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种用于立体种植的自然光利用方法，包括以下步骤：A natural light utilization method for three-dimensional planting, including the following steps:
S1、在种植系统内部布设种植盆立体循环机构；S1. Arrange a three-dimensional circulation mechanism for planting pots inside the planting system;
S2、根据人工光源特性，通过算法模拟得出人工光源在种植系统内的精确点位；S2. Based on the characteristics of the artificial light source, obtain the precise position of the artificial light source in the planting system through algorithm simulation;
S3、实时检测种植系统内自然光的光照强度，控制种植系统顶部遮阳帘的开合度和人工光源的起闭，并通过模糊控制算法控制人工光源的光照强度，同时通过种植盆立体循环机构运行使立体种植的每层作物做全时段、匀速的上下运动。S3. Detect the intensity of natural light in the planting system in real time, control the opening and closing of the sunshade at the top of the planting system and the opening and closing of the artificial light source, and control the intensity of the artificial light source through the fuzzy control algorithm. At the same time, the three-dimensional circulation mechanism of the planting pot is operated to make the three-dimensional Each layer of crops planted moves up and down at a uniform speed throughout the entire period.
作为上述方案的优选，种植系统外部采用玻璃温室结构，使得自然光能够通过顶部和四周的玻璃透射入种植系统内。As a preferred option of the above solution, the outside of the planting system adopts a glass greenhouse structure, so that natural light can be transmitted into the planting system through the top and surrounding glass.
作为上述方案的优选，种植系统内部布设有若干光照传感器。As a preferred option of the above solution, several light sensors are arranged inside the planting system.
作为上述方案的优选，人工光源采用LED种植灯，通过其衰减特性，光通量、发光强度、光照度，结合不同作物的特性，植物高度、叶片大小，模拟得出精确的布设点位，以保证在LED种植灯工作时每盆作物都能被人工光源均匀的照射到。As the preferred option for the above solution, the artificial light source uses LED planting lights. Through its attenuation characteristics, luminous flux, luminous intensity, and illumination, combined with the characteristics of different crops, plant height, and leaf size, accurate layout points can be simulated to ensure that LED When the grow light is working, each pot of crops can be evenly illuminated by the artificial light source.
作为上述方案的优选，分别根据以下公式(1)、(2)、(3)计算LED种植灯的光通量、发光强度、光照度模：As a preferred option of the above solution, calculate the luminous flux, luminous intensity, and illuminance model of the LED planting light according to the following formulas (1), (2), and (3) respectively:
Fλ＝Fλ1+Fλ2+...＝Σ(VλPλ) (1)F λ =F λ1 +F λ2 +...=Σ(V λ P λ ) (1)
I＝dF/dw (2)I＝dF/dw (2)
E＝F/S (3)E=F/S (3)
式中，Fλ表示波长为λ的辐射通量，λ表示波长，Fλ1、Fλ2表示不同波长的光通量，Vλ表示光谱响应函数，Pλ表示光谱辐射通量，I表示发光强度，F表示光通量，w表示立体角，S表示面积；In the formula, F λ represents the radiant flux with wavelength λ, λ represents the wavelength, F λ1 and F λ2 represent the luminous flux of different wavelengths, V λ represents the spectral response function, P λ represents the spectral radiant flux, I represents the luminous intensity, F represents the luminous flux, w represents the solid angle, and S represents the area;
基于光的衰减计算公式(4)，结合不同作物的特性，根据公式(5)计算得出作物接收的光强：Based on the light attenuation calculation formula (4), combined with the characteristics of different crops, the light intensity received by the crop is calculated according to formula (5):
Iμ＝I0*e^(-ɑx) (4)I μ ＝I0*e^(-ɑx) (4)
Iβ＝β*(I0*e^(-ɑx)) (5)I β =β*(I0*e^(-ɑx)) (5)
式中，Iμ表示衰减后的光强，I0表示光源的光强，ɑ表示衰减系数，Iβ表示作物接收的光强，e表示自然对数的底数，β表示作物的参数，X表示作物到光源的距离。In the formula, I μ represents the attenuated light intensity, I0 represents the light intensity of the light source, ɑ represents the attenuation coefficient, I β represents the light intensity received by the crop, e represents the base of the natural logarithm, β represents the parameters of the crop, and X represents the crop The distance to the light source.
作为上述方案的优选，步骤S3具体包括：As a preferred option of the above solution, step S3 specifically includes:
在白天时段，当光照传感器检测到自然光的光照强度超过第一预设值时，人工光源关闭，同时通过PID模糊控制算法来实时控制种植系统的顶部遮阳帘，遮挡部分自然光；During the day, when the light sensor detects that the intensity of natural light exceeds the first preset value, the artificial light source is turned off, and the PID fuzzy control algorithm is used to control the top sunshade of the planting system in real time to block part of the natural light;
在傍晚、夜晚、凌晨时段，当光照传感器检测到自然光的光照强度低于第二预设值时，人工光源打开，并通过PID模糊控制算法调节人工光源的光照强度。In the evening, night, and early morning hours, when the light sensor detects that the light intensity of natural light is lower than the second preset value, the artificial light source is turned on, and the light intensity of the artificial light source is adjusted through the PID fuzzy control algorithm.
作为上述方案的优选，PID模糊控制算法为：As the preferred option of the above scheme, the PID fuzzy control algorithm is:
u(t)＝Kp*e(t)+Ki*∫e(t)dt+Kd*de(t)/dt (6)u(t)＝Kp*e(t)+Ki*∫e(t)dt+Kd*de(t)/dt (6)
式中，u(t)表示控制量即光照强度，e(t)表示误差，Kp、Ki、和Kd分别表示比例、积分和微分系数，t表示时间。In the formula, u(t) represents the control quantity, that is, the light intensity, e(t) represents the error, Kp, Ki, and Kd represent the proportion, integral, and differential coefficients respectively, and t represents time.
由于具有上述结构，本发明的有益效果在于：Due to the above structure, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
整个种植系统，外部采用玻璃温室的结构，能够最大限度利用到自然光对作物进行补光；内部采用植盆立体循环机构进行多层种植，大大提高了种植密度；同时通过模拟算法计算得出人工光源布置的精确点位；通过植盆立体循环机构、光照度传感器对遮阳帘、人工光源LED种植灯灯设备进行模糊控制，从而保障作物各阶段对于光照的需求始终处于最精准的状态；整个种植系统不仅满足了作物生长对于光照的精准需求，提高了自然光的利用率和每层作物光照的均匀度，同时降低了人工光的需求，进一步降低了整个种植系统的能耗。The entire planting system adopts the structure of a glass greenhouse on the outside, which can maximize the use of natural light to supplement crops; the three-dimensional circulation mechanism of planting pots is used on the inside for multi-layer planting, which greatly increases the planting density; at the same time, artificial light sources are calculated through simulation algorithms The precise position of the layout; the three-dimensional circulation mechanism of the planting pot and the illumination sensor are used to fuzzy control the sunshade and artificial light source LED planting light equipment to ensure that the lighting needs of the crops at each stage are always in the most accurate state; the entire planting system not only It meets the precise demand for light for crop growth, improves the utilization of natural light and the uniformity of illumination of each layer of crops, while reducing the demand for artificial light, further reducing the energy consumption of the entire planting system.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。In order to explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
图1为本发明的工作流程图；Figure 1 is a work flow chart of the present invention;
图2为本发明人工光源之间交集过多时的布设示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout when there is too much intersection between artificial light sources according to the present invention;
图3为本发明人工光源之间没有交集时的布设示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout when there is no intersection between artificial light sources according to the present invention;
图4为本发明人工光源位置过高时的布设示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the artificial light source when the position of the present invention is too high;
图5为本发明人工光源照射面积交集合适时的布设示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the artificial light sources according to the present invention when the illumination areas intersect appropriately;
图6为本发明遮阳帘未打开时的种植系统内结构示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the planting system when the sunshade of the present invention is not opened;
图7为本发明遮阳帘打开时的种植系统内结构示意图；Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the planting system when the sunshade of the present invention is opened;
图8为本发明人工光源打开时的种植系统内结构示意图。Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the planting system when the artificial light source of the present invention is turned on.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明的附图，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
请参阅如图1至图8。Please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 8.
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种用于立体种植的自然光利用方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a natural light utilization method for three-dimensional planting, including the following steps:
S1、在种植系统内部布设种植盆立体循环机构：S1. Arrange a three-dimensional circulation mechanism for planting pots inside the planting system:
整个种植系统采用立体种植的方式，通过自然光和人工光相结合对作物进行精准补光，满足作物在生长的不同阶段对于光照的需求；种植系统外部采用玻璃温室结构，使得自然光能够通过顶部和四周的玻璃透射入种植系统内；种植系统内部采用立体种植多层分布，在系统内相应的位置布置人工光源及若干光照传感器；种植系统顶部安装有遮阳帘。The entire planting system adopts a three-dimensional planting method, using a combination of natural light and artificial light to accurately supplement crops to meet the lighting needs of crops at different stages of growth. The outside of the planting system adopts a glass greenhouse structure, allowing natural light to pass through the top and surrounding areas. The glass is transmitted into the planting system; the interior of the planting system adopts three-dimensional planting multi-layer distribution, artificial light sources and several light sensors are arranged at corresponding positions in the system; a sunshade is installed on the top of the planting system.
S2、根据人工光源特性，通过算法模拟得出人工光源在种植系统内的精确点位：S2. Based on the characteristics of the artificial light source, the precise position of the artificial light source in the planting system is obtained through algorithm simulation:
人工光源采用LED种植灯，对于种植系统内部光源位置的分布，每两个LED种植灯的照射面积的交集不能过多(如图2所示)，也不能没有交集(如图3所示)，如果每两个LED种植灯的照射面积的交集过多，则在交集处光照强度较高，会导致作物出现烧苗状况；如果没有交集，则会导致作物在部分位置没有光照，长时间则会导致部分作物发育不良；同时LED种植灯的安装位置不宜过高(如图4所示)，防止人工光源照射到作物表面的光照强度达不到作物生长的需求，从而导致作物生长发育不良；因此需结合LED种植灯和种植作物的特性，通过算法模拟得出精确的点位(如图5所示)，以此来保证在LED种植灯开始工作时，每颗作物都能被人工光源均匀的照射到。其中，LED种植灯的特性主要体现在光强的衰减特性，包括但不限于光通量、发光强度、光照度；作物的特性包括但不限于不同作物的高度不同、叶片不同，对于光的遮挡不同。可以分别根据以下公式(1)、(2)、(3)计算LED种植灯的光通量、发光强度、光照度模：The artificial light source uses LED planting lights. Regarding the distribution of light source positions within the planting system, the intersection of the illuminated areas of each two LED planting lights cannot be too much (as shown in Figure 2), nor can there be no intersection (as shown in Figure 3). If the illuminated areas of each two LED grow lights intersect too much, the light intensity will be higher at the intersection, which will cause the crops to burn. If there is no intersection, the crops will have no light in some locations, and the crops will be burned for a long time. This can lead to stunted growth of some crops; at the same time, the installation position of the LED grow lights should not be too high (as shown in Figure 4) to prevent the artificial light source from reaching the crop surface and not meeting the needs of crop growth, thus leading to stunted crop growth; therefore It is necessary to combine the characteristics of LED planting lights and planting crops, and obtain accurate point positions through algorithm simulation (as shown in Figure 5), so as to ensure that when the LED planting lights start to work, each crop can be evenly illuminated by the artificial light source. irradiated. Among them, the characteristics of LED grow lights are mainly reflected in the attenuation characteristics of light intensity, including but not limited to luminous flux, luminous intensity, and illuminance; the characteristics of crops include but are not limited to different heights of different crops, different leaves, and different light blocking. The luminous flux, luminous intensity, and illuminance model of LED planting lights can be calculated according to the following formulas (1), (2), and (3) respectively:
Fλ＝Fλ1+Fλ2+...＝Σ(VλPλ) (1)F λ =F λ1 +F λ2 +...=Σ(V λ P λ ) (1)
I＝dF/dw (2)I＝dF/dw (2)
E＝F/S (3)E=F/S (3)
式中，Fλ表示波长为λ的辐射通量，λ表示波长，Fλ1、Fλ2表示不同波长的光通量(一般的植物灯光谱中包含有好几种颜色的光，比如红色、蓝色、绿色等，Fλ1、Fλ2指的是不同波长的光通量)，Vλ表示光谱响应函数，Pλ表示光谱辐射通量，I表示发光强度，F表示光通量，w表示立体角，S表示面积；In the formula, F λ represents the radiant flux with wavelength λ, λ represents the wavelength, F λ1 and F λ2 represent the luminous flux of different wavelengths (the general plant light spectrum contains several colors of light, such as red, blue, Green, etc., F λ1 and F λ2 refer to the luminous flux of different wavelengths), V λ represents the spectral response function, P λ represents the spectral radiation flux, I represents the luminous intensity, F represents the luminous flux, w represents the solid angle, and S represents the area;
再基于光的衰减计算公式(4)，结合不同作物的特性，根据公式(5)计算得出作物接收的光强：Then based on the light attenuation calculation formula (4), combined with the characteristics of different crops, the light intensity received by the crop is calculated according to formula (5):
Iμ＝I0*e^(-ɑx) (4)I μ ＝I0*e^(-ɑx) (4)
Iβ＝β*(I0*e^(-ɑx)) (5)I β =β*(I0*e^(-ɑx)) (5)
式中，Iμ表示衰减后的光强，I0表示光源的光强，ɑ表示衰减系数，Iβ表示作物接收的光强，e表示自然对数的底数，β表示作物的参数，X表示作物到光源的距离。In the formula, I μ represents the attenuated light intensity, I0 represents the light intensity of the light source, ɑ represents the attenuation coefficient, I β represents the light intensity received by the crop, e represents the base of the natural logarithm, β represents the parameters of the crop, and X represents the crop The distance to the light source.
通过LED种植灯的特性，光通量、发光强度和光照度以及安装位置和种植的作物，结合上述公式模拟得出精确的点位。以此来保障人工光源能均匀的照射到作物表面，光照处于最精准的状态。Through the characteristics of LED grow lights, luminous flux, luminous intensity and illuminance, as well as the installation location and planted crops, the precise point position can be obtained by simulating the above formula. This ensures that the artificial light source can illuminate the crop surface evenly and the lighting is in the most accurate state.
S3、实时检测种植系统内自然光的光照强度，控制种植系统顶部遮阳帘的开合度和人工光源的起闭：S3. Detect the intensity of natural light in the planting system in real time, and control the opening and closing of the sunshade at the top of the planting system and the opening and closing of the artificial light source:
人工光源LED种植灯安装好后。整体种植系统的光照控制，由人工光和自然光结合的方式进行补光。具体原理通过种植系统内部的光照传感器，实时检测自然光的光照强度，结合种植系统的顶部遮阳帘和人工光源进行联动控制，精准补光，使作物在不同的生长阶段对于光照的需求始终处于最佳状态；After the artificial light source LED grow lights are installed. The lighting control of the overall planting system is supplemented by a combination of artificial light and natural light. The specific principle is to use the light sensor inside the planting system to detect the intensity of natural light in real time, and combine it with the top sunshade of the planting system and artificial light sources for linkage control to accurately fill the light, so that the lighting needs of crops are always optimal at different growth stages. state;
在白天时段，遮阳帘未打开时，阳光可以直接透射进种植系统内(如图6所示)，当光照传感器检测到自然光的光照强度超过第一预设值时，人工光源关闭，同时通过PID模糊控制算法来实时控制种植系统的顶部遮阳帘，遮挡部分自然光(如图7所示)，防止光强太高，导致作物烧死，从而进行精准补光；During the daytime, when the sunshade is not opened, sunlight can be directly transmitted into the planting system (as shown in Figure 6). When the light sensor detects that the intensity of natural light exceeds the first preset value, the artificial light source is turned off, and at the same time, through the PID The fuzzy control algorithm is used to control the top sunshade of the planting system in real time to block part of the natural light (as shown in Figure 7) to prevent the light intensity from being too high and causing the crops to burn to death, so as to provide accurate light supplement;
在傍晚、夜晚、凌晨时段，当光照传感器检测到自然光的光照强度低于第二预设值时，人工光源打开(如图8所示)，并通过PID模糊控制算法调节人工光源的光照强度，根据作物对于光照的需求，通过灯光控制系统调节人工光的光照强度，进而对作物进行精准补光；In the evening, night, and early morning hours, when the light sensor detects that the light intensity of natural light is lower than the second preset value, the artificial light source is turned on (as shown in Figure 8), and the light intensity of the artificial light source is adjusted through the PID fuzzy control algorithm. According to the lighting needs of crops, the lighting intensity of artificial light is adjusted through the lighting control system, and then the crops are accurately supplemented with light;
同时通过种植盆立体循环机构运行使立体种植的每层作物做全时段、匀速的上下运动，从而保证每层的作物都能满足生长阶段对于光照的需求。其中，种植盆立体循环机构的具体结构不限，只要能实现种植盆在空间内(包括水平方向和竖直方向)循环传动功能即可，可采用链式、架式、轨道式、AGV小车、机器人等传动中的任意一种。At the same time, through the operation of the three-dimensional circulation mechanism of the planting pot, each layer of crops planted three-dimensionally moves up and down at a uniform speed throughout the entire period, thereby ensuring that the crops in each layer can meet the light needs during the growth stage. Among them, the specific structure of the three-dimensional circulation mechanism of the planting pot is not limited, as long as it can realize the circulation transmission function of the planting pot in the space (including the horizontal and vertical directions), it can be chain type, rack type, track type, AGV trolley, Any type of transmission such as robots.
作物的补光，需要考虑到作物的不同生长阶段(定植期、生长期、花芽分化期、开花期、青果期、白果期、红果期)以及作物不同的茬期(初期、第一茬果、第二茬果、第三茬果、第四茬果、第五茬果)对于光照强度和光照时长的不同。因此需要结合作物的生长阶段、不同的茬期。通过系统内的种植循环系统、光照度传感器对遮阳帘、人工光源LED种植灯灯设备进行PID模糊控制，从而保障作物各阶段对于光照的需求始终处于最精准的状态；其中，PID模糊控制算法为：The supplementary light of crops needs to take into account the different growth stages of the crop (planting period, growth period, flower bud differentiation period, flowering stage, green fruit stage, white fruit stage, red fruit stage) and the different crop stages of the crop (initial stage, first fruit, The second crop, the third crop, the fourth crop, the fifth crop) have different light intensity and duration. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the growth stages and different cropping periods of crops. Through the planting cycle system and illumination sensor in the system, PID fuzzy control is performed on the sunshade and artificial light LED planting light equipment to ensure that the lighting needs of the crops at each stage are always in the most accurate state; among them, the PID fuzzy control algorithm is:
u(t)＝Kp*e(t)+Ki*∫e(t)dt+Kd*de(t)/dt (6)u(t)＝Kp*e(t)+Ki*∫e(t)dt+Kd*de(t)/dt (6)
式中，u(t)表示控制量即光照强度，e(t)表示误差，Kp、Ki、和Kd分别表示比例、积分和微分系数，t表示时间。In the formula, u(t) represents the control quantity, that is, the light intensity, e(t) represents the error, Kp, Ki, and Kd represent the proportion, integral, and differential coefficients respectively, and t represents time.
整个种植系统，外部采用玻璃温室的结构，能够最大限度利用到自然光对作物进行补光；内部采用植盆立体循环机构进行多层种植，大大提高了种植密度；同时通过步骤S2的模拟算法计算得出人工光源布置的精确点位；通过植盆立体循环机构、光照度传感器对遮阳帘、人工光源LED种植灯灯设备进行模糊控制，从而保障作物各阶段对于光照的需求始终处于最精准的状态；整个种植系统不仅满足了作物生长对于光照的精准需求，提高了自然光的利用率和每层作物光照的均匀度，同时降低了人工光的需求，进一步降低了整个种植系统的能耗。The entire planting system adopts the structure of a glass greenhouse on the outside, which can maximize the use of natural light to supplement crops; the three-dimensional circulation mechanism of planting pots is used on the inside for multi-layer planting, which greatly improves the planting density; at the same time, it is calculated through the simulation algorithm in step S2. The precise position of the artificial light source arrangement is revealed; the three-dimensional circulation mechanism of the plant pot and the illumination sensor are used to fuzzy control the sunshade and artificial light source LED planting light equipment to ensure that the lighting needs of the crops at each stage are always in the most accurate state; the entire The planting system not only meets the precise lighting requirements for crop growth, but also improves the utilization of natural light and the uniformity of lighting for each layer of crops. It also reduces the demand for artificial light, further reducing the energy consumption of the entire planting system.
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311544218.9A CN117617019A (en) | 2023-11-20 | 2023-11-20 | Natural light utilization method for stereoscopic planting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311544218.9A CN117617019A (en) | 2023-11-20 | 2023-11-20 | Natural light utilization method for stereoscopic planting |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117617019A true CN117617019A (en) | 2024-03-01 |
Family
ID=90034922
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311544218.9A Pending CN117617019A (en) | 2023-11-20 | 2023-11-20 | Natural light utilization method for stereoscopic planting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117617019A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118466303A (en) * | 2024-05-20 | 2024-08-09 | 福建保丰数智农业发展有限公司 | Plant growth light environment control system based on deep learning |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101644395A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-02-10 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Special spectrum simulation illumination device for plant cultivation and simulation method |
| RU2391812C2 (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2010-06-20 | Геннадий Викторович Курочкин | Method for growing plants in conditions of protected ground, device for growth of plants in conditions of protected ground and collapsible multi-tier rack for growing plants in conditions of protected ground |
| CN103120100A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-29 | 万贤能 | Movable type artificial planting light source control system |
| KR101699896B1 (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-01-25 | 주식회사 해인엘이디 | LED array system for the growth of crops |
| CN106665151A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-05-17 | 福建农林大学 | Adaptive plant factory light culture system with high light energy utilization rate |
| CN107396767A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-28 | 深圳前海弘稼科技有限公司 | Plant illumination adjusting method and plant illumination adjusting device |
| CN108076915A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-05-29 | 湖州中科星农科技有限公司 | A kind of smart three-dimensional cultivation system |
| CN109708031A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-03 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | A kind of supplementary light for plant growth and its arrangement calculation method |
| CN210630257U (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2020-05-29 | 东莞理工学院 | Small greenhouse shed capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors |
| KR20200104255A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-09-03 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 3d optical environment analysis apparatus of plant factory using artificial light source and method thereof |
| CN114946447A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-30 | 宁波云笈科技有限公司 | Artificial intelligence-based plant growth parameter decision method and system |
| CN116075022A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-05-05 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A precision lighting energy-saving design method and system for plant cultivation |
| CN116982546A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2023-11-03 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Lighting system and method for automatic aeroponic planting frame |
-
2023
- 2023-11-20 CN CN202311544218.9A patent/CN117617019A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2391812C2 (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2010-06-20 | Геннадий Викторович Курочкин | Method for growing plants in conditions of protected ground, device for growth of plants in conditions of protected ground and collapsible multi-tier rack for growing plants in conditions of protected ground |
| CN101644395A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-02-10 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Special spectrum simulation illumination device for plant cultivation and simulation method |
| CN103120100A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-29 | 万贤能 | Movable type artificial planting light source control system |
| KR101699896B1 (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-01-25 | 주식회사 해인엘이디 | LED array system for the growth of crops |
| CN106665151A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-05-17 | 福建农林大学 | Adaptive plant factory light culture system with high light energy utilization rate |
| CN107396767A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-28 | 深圳前海弘稼科技有限公司 | Plant illumination adjusting method and plant illumination adjusting device |
| CN108076915A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-05-29 | 湖州中科星农科技有限公司 | A kind of smart three-dimensional cultivation system |
| CN109708031A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-03 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | A kind of supplementary light for plant growth and its arrangement calculation method |
| KR20200104255A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-09-03 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 3d optical environment analysis apparatus of plant factory using artificial light source and method thereof |
| CN210630257U (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2020-05-29 | 东莞理工学院 | Small greenhouse shed capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors |
| CN114946447A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-30 | 宁波云笈科技有限公司 | Artificial intelligence-based plant growth parameter decision method and system |
| CN116982546A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2023-11-03 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Lighting system and method for automatic aeroponic planting frame |
| CN116075022A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-05-05 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A precision lighting energy-saving design method and system for plant cultivation |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 卢良恕 主编: "中国立体农业概论", 31 October 1999, 四川科学技术出版社, pages: 79 * |
| 吴光林 主编: "果树生态学", 31 October 1992, 农业出版社, pages: 74 * |
| 郭睿倩 主编: "光源原理与设计（第三版）", 31 December 2017, 复旦大学出版社, pages: 298 - 331 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118466303A (en) * | 2024-05-20 | 2024-08-09 | 福建保丰数智农业发展有限公司 | Plant growth light environment control system based on deep learning |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN114208558B (en) | Light supplementing device and method based on thermoluminescent material | |
| CN203206878U (en) | Miniature plant factory | |
| CN112868419B (en) | An agricultural daylight transmission lighting system and a matching greenhouse and a lighting method | |
| CN204350720U (en) | Intelligent optical based on daylight tracing type shines tridimensional planting system | |
| CN102084793B (en) | LED light spectrum proportioning method for accelerating or controlling plant growth | |
| CN103210800B (en) | All-weather ecological seedling raising system | |
| CN102405802A (en) | Semi-automatic temperature and humidity regulating and controlling system for blueberry tender shoot cutting seedling environment | |
| JP2020528757A (en) | Dimming method for constant light intensity | |
| CN104396609A (en) | Intelligent illumination three-dimensional planting system based on sunlight tracking | |
| JP2016518146A (en) | Dynamic light recipe for gardening | |
| KR20130041702A (en) | The inside green house strawberry grawing method and system by variable artificial light source | |
| CN109716953A (en) | A kind of plant factor | |
| KR102431196B1 (en) | Plant growing system using led lamp | |
| KR20040010426A (en) | Apparatus for culturing dye plants using LED(Light Emitting Diode) light source. | |
| CN117617019A (en) | Natural light utilization method for stereoscopic planting | |
| RU2454066C2 (en) | Light diode phyto-irradiator | |
| CN105700594A (en) | System and method for copying and reproducing plant growth environment | |
| RU2403706C1 (en) | Method of automatic control of temperature-light regime in greenhouse and system for its implementation | |
| Liang et al. | Artificial light LED planting system design | |
| CN107678469A (en) | Full photonursery stock growing intermittent spraying system | |
| CN207869843U (en) | A kind of plant culture systems positioning daylighting based on big-dipper satellite | |
| KR102676689B1 (en) | Light control system using light integrating in Green hiuse | |
| KR101699896B1 (en) | LED array system for the growth of crops | |
| CN116066785A (en) | Animal and plant light-emitting device and lens thereof | |
| CN204598834U (en) | A kind of growth chamber |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20240301 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |