CN117589354A - Direct measurement method for longitudinal bearing force of propeller of real ship - Google Patents
Direct measurement method for longitudinal bearing force of propeller of real ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN117589354A CN117589354A CN202311549340.5A CN202311549340A CN117589354A CN 117589354 A CN117589354 A CN 117589354A CN 202311549340 A CN202311549340 A CN 202311549340A CN 117589354 A CN117589354 A CN 117589354A
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/12—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring axial thrust in a rotary shaft, e.g. of propulsion plants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0038—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pushing force
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct measurement method of a propeller longitudinal bearing force of a real ship, which comprises the steps of designing a propeller excitation force measurement device and an installation interface, designing a signal data transmission system and an installation mode, calibrating a propeller longitudinal bearing force direct test system and testing the propeller longitudinal bearing force in the sailing process of the real ship. The scheme of the propeller excitation force measuring device is determined through calculation, analysis and optimization, reliable transmission of test data is realized by using a signal wireless transmission technology, key points of signal transmission of a rotating shaft system are solved, and a propeller bearing force direct measuring system is built; the bearing force test system is calibrated by combining in-dock test after the real ship is installed, the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller under different working conditions is directly measured in the sailing process of the real ship, and the engineering feasibility is strong and the signal to noise ratio of measured data is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship vibration reduction and noise reduction, in particular to a method for directly measuring longitudinal bearing force of a real ship propeller.
Background
The propeller is one of the most common ship propeller and is one of the main vibration noise sources of ships. Due to the non-uniformity of the ship tail flow field in space and time, the propeller generates pulsating pressure and bearing force during running, the pulsating pressure directly acts on the bottom structure of the ship body, and the bearing force is transmitted to the ship body structure through the propeller-shaft system and the supporting bearing, so that the vibration and the radiation noise of the ship body structure are stimulated. The vibration of the ship body influences the normal work of personnel and instruments and equipment on the ship, and the underwater radiation noise influences the normal operation of scientific investigation ships and the acoustic concealment of the ships. In order to ensure the reliability and safety of the operation of the propulsion system, the propeller-shaft system is usually rigidly connected to the hull structure, but vibration isolation measures cannot be taken as easily as in electromechanical devices, and the vibrations of the propeller-shaft system can be more easily transmitted to the hull structure under the action of the propeller bearing forces. Therefore, the acoustic matching design of the propeller-shafting-hull structure system is important, and obtaining more accurate propeller excitation force characteristics is one of key problems to be solved in developing the acoustic design of the system. During sailing of the vessel, the propeller pulsating pressure can be measured directly with a pressure sensor arranged above the propeller, whereas the measurement of the propeller bearing forces is relatively difficult. The bearing force comprises 3 force components in the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction and the vertical direction and 3 moment components, wherein the longitudinal force component is the most important, and the energy of the longitudinal force component is mainly concentrated in a low frequency range within 100Hz, so that the longitudinal vibration mode of the propulsion shafting can be excited, and stronger structural vibration and radiation noise are caused. At present, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation technology, a scaling model test technology, an excitation force inversion technology based on a transfer function and the like are generally adopted for predicting the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller, but the accuracy and the effectiveness of the simulation technology and the scaling model test technology are to be verified.
According to the formation mechanism of the propeller bearing force, it is generated at the blade site, but since the blade runs in sea water, it is difficult to directly arrange a sensor at the blade for measurement. Although the excitation force inversion technology based on the transfer function can be used for a real ship test, the effectiveness of the transfer function between excitation force at the propeller and vibration response of a typical part of a shafting directly influences the effectiveness of a test result, and the accurate test implementation of the transfer function in engineering practice is relatively complex. In engineering design, propeller bearing force is usually applied to a propeller hub, and accordingly, a measurement method for directly measuring the bearing force at the propeller hub needs to be researched and proposed, and a test result can be used as a design input and can be used for comparison with results obtained by other measurement methods, so that a propeller bearing force 'true value' can be conveniently determined, and the validity of the results obtained by simulation technology can be verified.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct measurement method for the longitudinal bearing force of a real ship propeller, and a force transducer is arranged at a propeller hub and has the characteristics of high signal-to-noise ratio of measured data and suitability for engineering application.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for directly measuring the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller of the real ship comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a propeller excitation force measuring device and an installation interface;
s2, designing a signal data transmission system and an installation mode, and adapting to reliable data transmission on a rotating shaft system;
s3, calibrating a transfer function of the propeller longitudinal bearing force direct test system constructed according to the step S1 and the step S2 in a dock after the real ship is installed;
s4, the propeller longitudinal bearing force direct test system calibrated in the step S3 is utilized, and the propeller longitudinal bearing force characteristic is obtained through direct measurement in combination with a sailing test of a real ship.
Further, in the step S1, a propeller hub is connected with a propeller shaft by adopting a flange, and a propeller excitation force measuring device is installed at the connection surface of the propeller hub and the propeller shaft; establishing a propeller hub and propeller shaft mechanics analysis model according to propeller hub and propeller shaft flange sizes and propeller static thrust parameters; according to the estimated value that the longitudinal dynamic force of the propeller is 1% -3% of the static thrust, the outline dimension, the sensor measuring range and the sensitivity of the propeller excitation force measuring device are preliminarily determined; and optimizing the design scheme of the force measuring device by using a propeller hub and propeller shaft mechanics analysis model.
In the step S2, the electric signal of the propeller excitation force measuring device in the step S1 is sent to the inboard through a data cable installed in the shaft inner hole, and then sent to the data acquisition and analysis equipment in the cabin through a wireless data transmission technology; the data cable is led out to a signal conditioning module arranged on the surface of the shaft through a process hole on the shaft section.
Further, in step S3, after the installation of the real ship, the direct test system for the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller applies an excitation force in the longitudinal direction of the shaft system at the hub by using the excitation device in the dock, synchronously records test data and output force signals of the excitation device, and obtains transfer functions of the test data and the output force signals by signal processing, thereby calibrating the test system for the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller.
Further, in step S4, the real ship sails straight at different sailing speeds at a constant speed, data in the test process is recorded through the calibrated propeller longitudinal bearing force test system, and the propeller longitudinal bearing force is obtained by using data processing software in the data acquisition and analysis equipment.
The direct measurement method of the longitudinal bearing force of the real ship propeller provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the measuring part is positioned at the paddle hub, and the signal to noise ratio is high; the test system is simple to install on the propulsion shaft system of the real ship, has strong engineering implementation operability, and can realize real-time monitoring of the excitation force of the propeller.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a direct measurement system and implementation of longitudinal bearing forces of a marine propeller.
Fig. 2 is a schematic installation view of an excitation force measurement device of a propeller of an embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic installation diagram of an embodiment propeller longitudinal bearing force test system.
Detailed Description
The method for directly measuring the longitudinal bearing force of the real ship propeller according to the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. Advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and utilize non-precise ratios, and are intended to facilitate a convenient, clear, description of the embodiments of the invention.
The core idea of the invention is that the measuring part of the invention is positioned at the hub and has high signal to noise ratio; the test system is simple to install on the propulsion shaft system of the real ship, has strong engineering implementation operability, and can realize real-time monitoring of the excitation force of the propeller.
The flow of the method for directly measuring the longitudinal bearing force of the real ship propeller is shown in fig. 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one: proper propeller excitation force measuring device and mounting interface are designed:
the propeller hub and the propeller shaft are connected by adopting a flange, and a propeller excitation force measuring device is arranged at the connecting interface of the propeller hub and the propeller shaft. According to the static thrust of the propeller, the estimated value of the percentage of dynamic force and static thrust, the contact area of the hub and the propeller shaft flange and the like, the size, the sensitivity and the like of the propeller excitation force measuring device are determined through calculation, and then the installation interface of the propeller excitation force measuring device is determined. The propeller excitation force measuring device adopts a piezoelectric force sensor.
Step two: proper signal data transmission system and installation mode are designed:
and (3) leading the charge signal obtained by the excitation force measuring device in the step one to an in-board shaft section of the ship through a data cable arranged in an inner hole of a propulsion shafting, wherein the data cable is connected with a signal conditioning module arranged on the shaft section through a process hole on the in-board shaft section. And then, the connection between the signals on the shaft section and the data collection equipment in the cabin is realized through a wireless transmission technology.
Step three: calibrating a testing system:
after the propeller longitudinal bearing force testing system is installed, exciting force is applied to the propeller hub along the longitudinal direction of the shaft system by using exciting equipment capable of giving specific dynamic force, and the testing system is calibrated by comparing recorded testing data with output force signals of the exciting equipment.
Step four: measuring the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller in the sailing process of the real ship:
under different sailing working conditions of the real ship, the data under the corresponding working conditions are recorded by utilizing a propeller longitudinal bearing force measuring system, and the propeller longitudinal bearing force is obtained according to data analysis and processing.
Example 1
The invention relates to a method for directly measuring the longitudinal bearing force of a ship propeller, which comprises the following steps in specific implementation.
Step one, designing a proper propeller excitation force measuring device and an installation interface
According to the propeller longitudinal force transmission characteristics, in order to measure the propeller excitation force at the propeller hub, the propeller hub and the propeller shaft are flange-connected, and the propeller excitation force measuring device is installed at the connecting surface of the two, see fig. 2, and bears a part of the propeller longitudinal force. Establishing a propeller hub and propeller shaft mechanics analysis model according to the propeller hub and propeller shaft flange sizes, propeller static thrust and other parameters; according to the estimated value that the longitudinal dynamic force of the propeller is 1% -3% of the static thrust, the outline dimension, the sensor measuring range, the sensitivity and the like of the propeller excitation force measuring device are preliminarily determined; and optimizing the design scheme of the force measuring device by using a propeller hub and propeller shaft mechanics analysis model.
Step two, designing a proper signal data transmission system and an installation mode
As shown in fig. 3, a data cable is arranged and installed in a hollow propelling shafting inner hole, and the data cable is firmly fixed in the shafting inner hole through a special device so as to avoid swinging in the shafting operation process; and (3) transmitting the charge signal obtained by the excitation force measuring device in the step one to an in-board shaft section of the ship through a data cable, and enabling the data cable to penetrate out through a process hole on the in-board shaft section and be connected with a signal conditioning module arranged on the shaft section. The force measuring device, the data cable and the signal conditioning module can synchronously rotate along with the running of the propulsion shafting. And then, the connection of the signals on the shaft section and the data acquisition and collection equipment arranged in the cabin is realized through a wireless transmission system.
Step three, calibrating the test system
After the propeller longitudinal bearing force test system is installed on a real ship, exciting force is applied to a propeller hub along the longitudinal direction of a shaft system by using exciting equipment such as a force hammer in a dock, test data and output force signals of the exciting equipment are synchronously recorded, and transfer functions of the test data and the output force signals are obtained through signal processing, so that the propeller bearing force test system is calibrated.
Measuring longitudinal bearing force of propeller in sailing process of real ship
The real ship keeps constant-speed straight navigation at different navigational speeds, data in the test process is recorded through the calibrated propeller longitudinal bearing force test system, and the propeller longitudinal bearing force is obtained through data processing software in data acquisition and analysis equipment.
What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art. It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (5)
1. The direct measurement method of the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller of the real ship is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, designing a propeller excitation force measuring device and an installation interface;
s2, designing a signal data transmission system and an installation mode, and adapting to reliable data transmission on a rotating shaft system;
s3, calibrating a transfer function of the propeller longitudinal bearing force direct test system constructed according to the step S1 and the step S2 in a dock after the real ship is installed;
s4, the propeller longitudinal bearing force direct test system calibrated in the step S3 is utilized, and the propeller longitudinal bearing force characteristic is obtained through direct measurement in combination with a sailing test of a real ship.
2. The method for directly measuring the longitudinal bearing force of a real ship propeller according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, a propeller hub and a propeller shaft are connected by adopting a flange, and a propeller excitation force measuring device is installed at the connection surface of the propeller hub and the propeller shaft; establishing a propeller hub and propeller shaft mechanics analysis model according to propeller hub and propeller shaft flange sizes and propeller static thrust parameters; according to the estimated value that the longitudinal dynamic force of the propeller is 1% -3% of the static thrust, the outline dimension, the sensor measuring range and the sensitivity of the propeller excitation force measuring device are preliminarily determined; and optimizing the design scheme of the force measuring device by using a propeller hub and propeller shaft mechanics analysis model.
3. The method for directly measuring the longitudinal bearing force of a real ship propeller according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the electric signal of the propeller excitation force measuring device in the step S1 is sent to the inboard through a data cable installed in the shaft inner hole, and then sent to the data acquisition and analysis equipment in the cabin through a wireless data transmission technology; the data cable is led out to a signal conditioning module arranged on the surface of the shaft through a process hole on the shaft section.
4. The method for directly measuring the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller of a real ship according to claim 3, wherein in the step S3, after the real ship is installed, the direct test system of the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller applies an excitation force in the longitudinal direction of the shaft system at the hub by using the excitation device in the dock, synchronously records test data and output force signals of the excitation device, and obtains transfer functions of the test data and the output force signals by signal processing, thereby calibrating the test system of the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller.
5. The method for directly measuring the longitudinal bearing force of the real ship propeller according to claim 4, wherein in the step S4, the real ship keeps constant speed straight line sailing at different sailing speeds, data in the test process is recorded through the calibrated propeller bearing force test system, and the longitudinal bearing force of the propeller is obtained by using data processing software in data acquisition and analysis equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311549340.5A CN117589354A (en) | 2023-11-20 | 2023-11-20 | Direct measurement method for longitudinal bearing force of propeller of real ship |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311549340.5A CN117589354A (en) | 2023-11-20 | 2023-11-20 | Direct measurement method for longitudinal bearing force of propeller of real ship |
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| CN117589354A true CN117589354A (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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| CN202311549340.5A Pending CN117589354A (en) | 2023-11-20 | 2023-11-20 | Direct measurement method for longitudinal bearing force of propeller of real ship |
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| CN (1) | CN117589354A (en) |
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- 2023-11-20 CN CN202311549340.5A patent/CN117589354A/en active Pending
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