CN117514284B - Drilling and anchoring equipment for tunnel soil strata and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Drilling and anchoring equipment for tunnel soil strata and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117514284B CN117514284B CN202410017837.0A CN202410017837A CN117514284B CN 117514284 B CN117514284 B CN 117514284B CN 202410017837 A CN202410017837 A CN 202410017837A CN 117514284 B CN117514284 B CN 117514284B
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- anchor
- drill
- rod
- assembly
- sliding seat
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title abstract description 31
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/003—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts adapted to be moved on their substructure, e.g. with skidding means; adapted to drill a plurality of wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/028—Devices or accesories for injecting a grouting liquid in a bore-hole
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a drilling and anchoring device for a tunnel soil stratum and a construction method thereof, wherein the drilling and anchoring device comprises a support frame, the support frame comprises a support table and a sliding seat, and the sliding seat is arranged on the support table in a sliding manner; the drill-anchor assembly is rotatably arranged on the sliding seat, and the rotating axial direction of the drill-anchor assembly is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding seat; the anchor rod assembly is arranged in the drill anchor assembly in a sliding manner, and slides along the axial direction of the drill anchor assembly; the driving component is arranged on the sliding seat and used for driving the drill anchor component to rotate. The anchor rod assembly is arranged in the anchor drilling assembly in a sliding manner, so that the anchor rod assembly is directly left in the anchor hole after the anchor drilling assembly is used for drilling the anchor hole, the anchor rod assembly is installed in place in one step, difficulty in installing the anchor rod is reduced, and the installation efficiency of the anchor rod is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of drilling of earth strata, in particular to drilling and anchoring equipment for tunnel earth strata and a construction method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of social economy, the anchor bolt support is a reinforcing support mode adopted in the construction of surface engineering such as side slopes, rock and soil deep foundation pits and underground chambers such as tunnels and stopes. The reinforcing and supporting mode is to make a pole by using metal pieces, wood pieces, polymer pieces or other materials, to be driven into holes drilled in advance on the surface rock mass or surrounding rock mass of a chamber, or to combine surrounding rock and stable rock mass together by means of adhesion so as to generate suspension effect, combined beam effect and reinforcing effect, so that the purpose of supporting is achieved.
However, at present, under the condition that the soil stratum is soft, after the anchor hole is drilled by using drilling equipment, the drilling equipment is removed from the anchor hole, the inside of the anchor hole is easy to collapse, so that the anchor rod cannot be installed in place when being installed, and the difficulty in installing the anchor rod is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce difficulty in installing an anchor rod and improve the installation efficiency of the anchor rod, the application provides anchor drilling equipment for a tunnel soil stratum and a construction method of the anchor drilling equipment.
In a first aspect, the application provides a drilling and anchoring device for a tunnel soil stratum, which comprises a support frame, wherein the support frame comprises a support table and a sliding seat, and the sliding seat is slidably arranged on the support table;
the drill anchor assembly is rotationally arranged on the sliding seat, and the rotating axial direction of the drill anchor assembly is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding seat;
the anchor rod assembly is arranged in the drill anchor assembly in a sliding manner, and the anchor rod assembly slides along the axial direction of the drill anchor assembly;
the driving assembly is arranged on the sliding seat and used for driving the drill anchor assembly to rotate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when boring the anchor to softer soil stratum, place the support frame near the region that needs the anchor, drive behind the sliding seat slip and bore anchor subassembly and be close to the anchor region, then drive assembly drive bore anchor subassembly and rotate to bore the anchor region, until the anchor hole forms the back, bore anchor subassembly and continue to be in the anchor hole, with the stock subassembly slide into bore anchor subassembly in, make the stock subassembly get into in the anchor hole under the support of boring anchor subassembly. And then the sliding seat drives the drilling anchor assembly to withdraw from the anchor hole so that the anchor rod assembly is left in the anchor hole, and concrete grout is conveniently injected into the anchor hole to fix the anchor rod assembly. The anchor rod assembly is arranged in the anchor drilling assembly in a sliding manner, so that the anchor rod assembly is directly left in the anchor hole after the anchor drilling assembly is used for drilling the anchor hole, the anchor rod assembly is installed in place in one step, difficulty in installing the anchor rod is reduced, and the installation efficiency of the anchor rod is improved.
Optionally, the drill anchor assembly comprises:
the drill rod is provided with a first end part and a second end part, the first end part rotates in the sliding seat, and a thread blade is arranged on the peripheral wall of the drill rod, which is positioned outside the sliding seat;
and a plurality of drill bits disposed on the second end.
Optionally, the second end deviates from the terminal surface of first end has seted up the mounting groove, the drill bit articulated in the tank bottom of mounting groove, the drill bit is located in the mounting groove is followed the circumference direction distribution of drilling rod, the drill bit deviates from the pointed end of mounting groove tank bottom is followed in the mounting groove.
Optionally, the drill-anchor assembly further includes an anchor head, the anchor head set up in the second tip deviates from the terminal surface of first tip, the anchor head is followed the circumference direction distribution of drilling rod, in the drilling rod is axial, the anchor head is located the height that the drilling bit is located on the drilling rod is less than the height that the drilling bit is located on the drilling rod.
Optionally, each drill bit tapers towards a direction away from the drill rod, the drill bit includes a first drilling surface and a second drilling surface, the first drilling surface is disposed adjacent to the anchor head, the second drilling surface is abutted to the second drilling surface on the adjacent drill bit, and when the first drilling surface is abutted to the wall of the mounting groove, an anchoring channel for the anchor rod assembly to slide out of the drill rod is defined between the second drilling surfaces.
Optionally, the second drilling surface is provided with a drilling tip, which extends in a radial direction of the drill rod.
Optionally, the drilling rod is inside to be offered and runs through the installation passageway of first tip and second tip, the installation passageway with anchor passageway intercommunication, the stock subassembly includes:
the anchor rod is arranged in the installation channel and the anchoring channel in a sliding manner, grouting holes are formed in the anchor rod, and the grouting holes penetrate through two ends of the anchor rod.
Optionally, the stock subassembly is still including being located a plurality of stiffener of stock tip, the stiffener articulate in on the perisporium of stock, still offer on the stock and supply the stiffening rod changes into the holding tank, the stiffener keep away from with stock articulated one end extends the holding tank, the stock with have the clearance between the installation passageway inner wall, the one end that the stiffening rod extends the holding tank is kept away from the tip setting of stock, and be used for with the free end looks butt of drill bit.
Optionally, the drilling and anchoring device further comprises a positioning seat arranged on the supporting table in a sliding manner, a grouting channel communicated with the grouting hole is formed in the positioning seat, the sliding direction of the positioning seat is the same as that of the sliding seat, a plurality of positioning blocks are arranged on the side wall of the positioning seat facing the sliding seat, the positioning blocks are circumferentially arranged around the grouting channel, and positioning grooves for the positioning blocks to be clamped in are formed in the end face of the anchor rod facing the positioning seat.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a construction method of a tunnel soil layer drilling and anchoring device, by using the tunnel soil layer drilling and anchoring device, the following technical scheme is adopted:
marking the area to be anchored, and moving the support frame to the area to be anchored;
aligning a drill bit and an anchor head of the drill rod with the target point to be anchored, starting a driving assembly to drive the drill rod to rotate, and simultaneously driving the drill rod to approach an anchored area by a sliding seat so as to form an anchor hole;
placing the anchor rod into the installation channel such that the end of the anchor rod having the reinforcing rod enters the anchoring channel;
then the positioning seat slides towards the sliding seat until the positioning block slides into the positioning groove;
the driving component drives the drill rod to rotate relative to the anchor rod;
the sliding seat drives the drill rod to slide towards the positioning seat until the drill bit slides over the reinforcing rod, and then the sliding seat drives the drill rod to slide away from the positioning seat until the drill bit abuts against the reinforcing rod to rotate to be perpendicular to the anchor rod;
concrete grout is injected into the end part of the anchor rod with the reinforcing rod through the grouting channel, and the sliding seat drives the drill rod to be separated from the anchor hole.
To sum up, this application is through drive assembly drive drilling rod rotation, drills the soil stratum through drill bit and anchor head to form the anchor eye. In the drilling process, the sliding seat also drives the drill rod to move towards the inside of the anchor hole so as to deepen the depth of the anchor hole, the anchor rod slides into the drill rod until the anchor hole drilling is finished, and the drill bit is abutted to the anchor rod to rotate, so that the anchor rod enters the anchor channel to install the anchor rod in place. At this moment, the sliding seat drives the drill rod to slide outwards towards the anchor hole, so that the drill bit slides across the reinforcing rod, and then the sliding seat drives the drill rod to slide inwards towards the anchor hole, so that the drill bit is abutted against the reinforcing rod to rotate the reinforcing rod to be discharged from the accommodating groove to be perpendicular to the anchor rod, so that the contact area of the anchor rod in the anchor hole and the soil stratum and the contact area of the subsequent injected concrete are increased, and the anchoring stability of the anchor rod is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of the drill and anchor apparatus provided in this embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the insides of the sliding seat and the positioning seat in the drilling and anchoring device according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drill rod and bolt provided in this embodiment.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the end face of the drill rod and the bolt provided in this embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reinforcement bar of fig. 3 after opening.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 3.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a support frame; 11. a support table; 111. a cylinder; 112. a guide rail; 113. a rack; 12. a sliding seat; 121. a first motor; 122. a first gear; 13. a positioning seat; 131. a third motor; 132. a fourth gear; 133. grouting channels; 134. a positioning block; 2. a drill anchor assembly; 21. a drill rod; 211. a first end; 212. a second end; 213. a third gear; 214. a mounting groove; 215. a mounting channel; 22. a drill bit; 221. a first drilling surface; 222. a second drilling surface; 223. anchoring the channel; 224. drilling a tip; 23. a screw thread blade; 26. an anchor head; 3. an anchor rod assembly; 31. a bolt; 311. grouting holes; 312. a receiving groove; 313. a positioning groove; 314. a through hole; 32. a reinforcing rod; 4. a drive assembly; 41. a second motor; 42. and a second gear.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-7.
The embodiment of the application discloses drilling and anchoring equipment for a tunnel soil stratum and a construction method thereof. Wherein, tunnel soil stratum is with boring anchor equipment referring to fig. 1, bore anchor equipment includes support frame 1, bores anchor subassembly 2, stock subassembly 3 and drive assembly 4. The support frame 1 includes a support table 11 and a sliding seat 12, and the sliding seat 12 is slidably disposed on the support table 11. The drill anchor assembly 2 is rotatably mounted on the slide mount 12. The axial direction of rotation of the drill-anchor assembly 2 is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding seat 12. The bolt assembly 3 is slidably disposed within the drill and anchor assembly 2. The bolt assembly 3 slides in the axial direction of the drill anchor assembly 2. The driving assembly 4 is arranged on the sliding seat 12 and is used for driving the drill anchor assembly 2 to rotate.
In the present embodiment, two pairs of cylinders 111 are hinged to the lower end of the support table 11. A sliding groove is formed in the bottom of the supporting table 11, and the sliding groove is used for sliding a position where one cylinder 111 is hinged with the supporting table 11, so that the inclination angle of the supporting table 11 can be adjusted through the cylinder 111, and the orientation of the drill and anchor assembly 2 and the anchor rod assembly 3 can be adjusted.
Further, the slide mount 12 slides in the longitudinal direction of the support table 11. The support table 11 is fixedly connected with guide rails 112 positioned at two sides of the sliding path of the sliding seat 12, and a rack 113 is fixed on one guide rail 112.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first motor 121 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 12, and an output shaft of the first motor 121 is disposed in the sliding seat 12 in a penetrating manner and is coaxially connected to a first gear 122. The output shaft of the first motor 121 extends in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide mount 12. The first gear 122 is exposed from a side wall of one side of the sliding seat 12 and is meshed with the rack 113, so that the first gear 122 is driven to rotate by the first motor 121, and the sliding seat 12 is driven to slide back and forth along the length direction of the supporting table 11 along the guide rail 112 under the meshing of the first gear 122 and the first rack 113.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the drill anchor assembly 2 includes a drill rod 21 and a plurality of drill bits 22. The drill rod 21 has a first end 211 and a second end 212. The first end 211 rotates within the slide base 12. The drill rod 21 is provided with a screw blade 23 on the peripheral wall of the slide seat 12. The screw blade 23 extends along the length of the drill rod 21 so that when the drill rod 21 rotates into the earth formation, the drilled earth and rock fragments are carried out of the anchor hole by the screw blade.
Specifically, a plurality of drill bits 22 are positioned on an end face of the second end 212 such that the drill bits 22 drill the earth strata to form an anchor hole. The first end 211 is rotatably connected within the slide base 12.
In the present embodiment, the driving assembly 4 includes a second motor 41 and a second gear 42. The second motor 41 is fixed to a side wall of the slide mount 12. The second motor 41 is located on the same side of the slide seat 12 as the drill rod 21. The output shaft of the second motor 41 is parallel to the drill rod 21. The output shaft of the second motor 41 is inserted into the sliding seat 12, and the second motor 41 is coaxially connected to the second gear 42 and is located in the sliding seat 12. It should be noted that the first end 211 of the drill rod 21 located in the sliding seat 12 is coaxially connected with the third gear 213. The third gear 213 rotates in the sliding seat 12 to engage with the second gear 42. It can be known that the second motor 41 drives the second gear 42 to rotate, and the second gear 42 drives the third gear 213 to rotate, so as to drive the drill rod 21 to rotate, thereby realizing the drilling operation on the soil strata after the drill rod 21 rotates.
Further, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the end surface of the second end 212 facing away from the first end 211 is provided with a mounting groove 214, and the drill 22 is hinged to the bottom of the mounting groove 214. The drill bits 22 are located in the mounting groove 214 and distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill rod 21. The tip of the drill bit 22 facing away from the bottom of the mounting slot 214 emerges from the mounting slot 214.
It should be noted that, the hinge axis of the drill bit 22 is perpendicular to the length direction of the drill rod 21, the drill bit 22 rotates in the mounting groove 214, and when the drill bit 22 abuts against the bottom of the mounting groove 214, the tip of the drill bit 22 facing away from the bottom of the mounting groove 214 is exposed from the mounting groove 214, so that the drill bit 22 contacts the earth strata first. It is noted that during rotation of the drill bit 22 with the drill rod 21, due to the hinged arrangement of the drill bit 22, when the soil layer is harder, the drill bit 22 can increase toughness during drilling by swinging back and forth in the mounting groove 214, and damage to the drill bit 22 is reduced by gradually breaking the harder soil layer in a small range of back and forth swinging of the drill bit 22.
In addition, the drill rod 21 drives the drill bit 22 to rotate, the drill bit 22 can be abutted against the bottom of the mounting groove 214 to drill the soil strata, and the drill bit 22 is rotated along with the drill rod 21, the drilled soil strata slag is thrown to the circumferential direction of the drill rod 21 under the action of centrifugal force of the drill rod 21, and along with the penetration of the drill rod 21, the threaded blade 23 on the drill rod 21 discharges the drilled soil strata slag out of the anchor hole.
Further, the drill anchor assembly 2 further comprises an anchor head 26. The anchor head 26 is arranged at an end face of the second end 212 facing away from the first end 211. The anchor heads 26 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill rod 21. In the axial direction of the drill rod 21, the anchor head 26 is located at a lower level on the drill rod 21 than the drill bit 22 is located on the drill rod 21.
In this embodiment, the anchor head 26 is conical, and the anchor head 26 is located outside the mounting groove 214, and the breaking capacity of the end of the drill rod 21 is increased by the anchor head 26, so that the drill rod 21 drills hard soil strata, and the drilling and anchoring capacity of the drill rod 21 is enhanced.
Further, referring to fig. 4 and 5, each drill bit 22 tapers away from the drill rod 21. The drill bit 22 comprises a first drilling surface 221 and a second drilling surface 222, the first drilling surface 221 being arranged close to the anchor head 26, the second drilling surface 222 being in abutment with a second drilling surface 222 on an adjacent drill bit 22, the second drilling surface 222 defining an anchoring channel 223 between them for the rock bolt assembly 3 to slide out of the drill rod 21 when the first drilling surface 221 is in abutment with the wall of the mounting groove 214.
In this embodiment, the drill 22 has a rectangular pyramid shape, and a side of the rectangular pyramid close to the anchor head 26 is a first drilling surface 221, and a side of the rectangular pyramid far from the anchor head 26 is a second drilling surface 222. The tip of the drill bit 22 extends along the length of the drill rod 21 to reduce the inclination of the first 221 and second 222 drill faces on the drill bit 22.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, when the drill bit 22 abuts against the bottom of the mounting groove 214, the end of the drill bit 22 adjacent to the second drilling surface 222 is positioned in the anchoring channel 223. The drill rod 21 is internally provided with a mounting channel 215 penetrating the first end 211 and the second end 212, the mounting channel 215 is communicated with the anchoring channel 223, so that the anchor rod assembly 3 slides into the mounting channel 215 to enter the drill rod 21 until the anchor rod assembly 3 abuts against the drill bit 22, the drill bit 22 rotates in a direction away from each other after being abutted against, the first drilling surface 221 abuts against the groove wall of the mounting groove 214, and the end part of the anchor rod assembly 3 slides out from the position between the drill bits 22 to enter the anchor hole.
Specifically, the mounting groove 214 is gradually widened in a direction away from the first end 211, so that the rotation range of the drill bit 22 in the mounting groove 214 is increased, and the size of the anchoring passage 223 between the drill bits 22 is further increased, so that the anchor rod assembly 3 can smoothly slide out of the drill rod 21.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the second drilling surface 222 is provided with a drilling tip 224, the drilling tip 224 extending in the radial direction of the drill rod 21. In a projection of the bolt assembly 3 in the length direction, the end of the drill tip 224 remote from the second drilling surface 222 coincides with the end of the drill bit 22 remote from the wall of the mounting groove 214, so as to avoid the drill tip 224 from obstructing the sliding of the bolt assembly 3.
In this embodiment, the anchor assembly 3 includes an anchor 31. The anchor rod 31 is slidably disposed in the mounting channel 215 and the anchoring channel 223, and the anchor rod 31 is provided with grouting holes 311, and the grouting holes 311 penetrate through two ends of the anchor rod 31. After the anchor rod 31 is slid into the mounting channel 215 until it enters the anchoring channel 223, to mount the anchor rod 31 into the anchor hole, and concrete mud is injected from an end of the anchor rod 31 located outside the drill pipe 21 through the grouting hole 311 inside the anchor rod 31, so that the anchoring channel 223 is filled with the concrete mud, to fix the anchor rod 31 into the anchor hole by the concrete mud, to complete the fixation of the anchor rod 31.
Further, referring to fig. 4 and 6, the anchor rod assembly 3 further includes a plurality of reinforcing rods 32 at the ends of the anchor rods 31. The reinforcing rod 32 is hinged to the peripheral wall of the anchor rod 31. The anchor rod 31 is also provided with a receiving groove 312 into which the reinforcing rod 32 is turned. The reinforcing bar 32 extends out of the receiving groove 312 away from the end hinged to the anchor bar 31. A gap is provided between the anchor rod 31 and the inner wall of the mounting channel 215. The end of the reinforcing rod 32 extending out of the receiving slot 312 is disposed away from the end of the shank 31 and is adapted to abut the free end of the drill bit 22.
It should be noted that the end of the reinforcing rod 32 extending out of the receiving slot 312 is arranged in an arc shape so as to be conveniently rotated out of the receiving slot 312 after being abutted.
It will be appreciated that the hinge axis of the reinforcing bar 32 is perpendicular to the length of the anchor bar 31. The hinged positions of the reinforcing rod 32 and the anchor rod 31 are close to the end of the anchor rod 31, so that when the reinforcing rod 32 is positioned in the accommodating groove 312, the anchor rod 31 can smoothly enter the mounting channel 215 until the anchor rod 31 abuts against the drill bit 22, so that the drill bit 22 abuts against the groove wall of the mounting groove 214 after rotating, at the moment, the drill rod 21 slides out of the anchor hole, the anchor rod 31 keeps unchanged, the drill rod 21 slides out of the anchor hole relative to the anchor rod 31, the anchor rod 31 and the reinforcing rod 32 slide over the drill bit 22 until one end of the reinforcing rod 32 outside the accommodating groove 312 slides over the drill bit 22, and the drill bit 22 is positioned on one side of the reinforcing rod 32 away from the end of the anchor rod 31. Then the drill rod 21 slides towards the inside of the anchor hole, so that the drill bit 22 is abutted with the end part of the reinforcing rod 32 through the second drilling surface 222, and the reinforcing rod 32 is abutted to rotate out of the accommodating groove 312 until the reinforcing rod 32 rotates to be perpendicular to the anchor rod 31, so that the contact area between the anchor rod 31 and the soil stratum in the anchor hole is increased, and the stability of the anchor rod 31 fixed in the anchor hole is further enhanced.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the drill and anchor apparatus further includes a positioning seat 13 slidably provided on the support table 11. The positioning seat 13 is provided with a grouting channel 133 communicated with the grouting hole 311. The sliding direction of the positioning seat 13 is the same as the sliding direction of the sliding seat 12.
The positioning seat 13 is fixedly connected with a third motor 131, and the third motor 131 is positioned on one side of the positioning seat 13, which is opposite to the supporting table 11. The output shaft of the third motor 131 penetrates through the positioning seat 13. The fourth gear 132 coaxially connected with the third motor 131 is rotationally connected to the positioning seat 13, and the fourth gear 132 is exposed from the side wall of the positioning seat 13 and is meshed with the rack 113, so that the fourth gear 132 is driven to rotate by the driving of the third motor 131, and the positioning seat 13 slides along the length direction of the guide rail 112 under the meshing of the fourth gear 132 and the rack 113, so that the automatic sliding of the positioning seat 13 is realized.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a plurality of positioning blocks 134 are disposed on a side wall of the positioning seat 13 facing the sliding seat 12, and the positioning blocks 134 are circumferentially disposed around the grouting channel 133. The end face of the anchor rod 31 facing the positioning seat 13 is provided with a positioning groove 313 for the positioning block 134 to be clamped in.
When the concrete slurry is required to be injected into the anchor hole to fix the anchor rod 31, after the positioning seat 13 slides towards the sliding seat 12, the positioning block 134 is clamped into the positioning groove 313 to fix the state of the anchor rod 31, so that the concrete slurry is conveniently injected into the grouting hole 311 of the anchor rod 31 through the grouting channel 133 until entering the anchor hole, the end part, with the reinforcing rod 32, of the anchor rod 31 in the anchor hole is wrapped, and the anchor rod 31 is conveniently reinforced and fixed by the concrete slurry.
Further, the end portion of the anchor rod 31, which is close to the reinforcing rod 32, is provided with a through hole 314 which is communicated with the accommodating groove 312 and the grouting hole 311, so that after the concrete slurry is injected into the grouting hole 311, a part of slurry flows out from the end portion of the anchor rod 31, which is positioned in the anchor hole, and the other part of the concrete slurry enters the accommodating groove 312 through the through hole 314, so that the speed of the concrete slurry entering the anchor hole through the anchor rod 31 is increased, and the smoothness of the concrete slurry injection into the anchor hole is improved.
The implementation principle of the tunnel soil stratum anchor drilling equipment provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the tunnel soil layer is drilled and anchored, the drill rod 21 and the anchor rod 31 are integrated to drill holes due to the fact that the soil layer is softer. When the drill rod 21 drills, the anchor rod 31 can be located in the drill rod 21 and rotate together with the drill rod 21, the drill rod 21 can also rotate independently, until the anchor hole is drilled, the drill rod 21 is withdrawn from the anchor hole, the anchor rod 31 is kept motionless, the drill bit 22 on the drill rod 21 slides over the end part of the reinforcing rod 32, the drill rod 21 moves continuously into the anchor hole, the reinforcing rod 32 is propped against the drill bit 22 to rotate into the accommodating groove 312, the reinforcing rod 32 rotates to be perpendicular to the anchor rod 31, the contact area between the anchor rod 31 and a soil stratum is increased through the reinforcing rod 32, and the anchoring stability of the anchor rod 31 is further enhanced.
The embodiment also provides a construction method of the anchor drilling equipment for the tunnel soil strata, which uses the anchor drilling equipment and specifically comprises the following steps:
the area to be anchored is punctuation and the support 1 is moved to the area to be anchored. The anchored area may be a soil layer in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, driven by the cylinder 111 under the support table 11, changing the inclination angle of the support table 11, and thus changing the orientations of the anchor rods 31 and the drill rods 21, to drill the anchored area in different directions.
The drill bit 22 and the anchor head 26 of the drill rod 21 are aligned with the target point to be anchored, the driving assembly 4 is started to drive the drill rod 21 to rotate, and meanwhile the sliding seat 12 drives the drill rod 21 to approach towards the anchored area so as to form an anchor hole. After the drill rod 21 rotates, the soil stratum is crushed through the drill bit 22 and the anchor head 26, and crushed soil stratum fragments are discharged out of the anchor holes through the thread blade 23.
The anchor rod 31 is placed into the mounting channel 215 such that the end of the anchor rod 31 having the reinforcing rod 32 enters the anchoring channel 223. The bolt 31 moves the drill bit 22 away from each other so that the bolt 31 enters the anchoring channel 223 to install the bolt 31 in place.
The positioning seat 13 is slid towards the sliding seat 12 until the positioning block 134 slides into the positioning groove 313, so as to fix the position of the anchor rod 31 in the anchor hole.
The driving assembly 4 drives the drill rod 21 to rotate relative to the anchor rod 31 so as to further grind earth strata debris between the anchor rod 31 and the drill rod 21 through relative rotation of the drill rod 21 and the anchor rod 31, thereby improving the smoothness of sliding of the drill rod 21 relative to the anchor rod 31.
The sliding seat 12 drives the drill rod 21 to slide towards the positioning seat 13 until the drill bit 22 slides over the reinforcing rod 32, and then the sliding seat 12 drives the drill rod 21 to slide away from the positioning seat 13 until the drill bit 22 abuts against the reinforcing rod 32, so that the reinforcing rod 32 rotates to be perpendicular to the anchor rod 31, the reinforcing rod 32 is rotated into the accommodating groove 312, the contact area between the anchor rod 31 and the soil stratum is increased, and the stability of the anchor rod 31 fixed in the anchor hole is enhanced.
Concrete grout is injected into the end part of the anchor rod 31, provided with the reinforcing rod 32, through the grouting channel 133, the sliding seat 12 drives the drill rod 21 to be separated from the anchor hole, so that the reinforcing rod 32 and the anchor rod 31 are fixed in the anchor hole through concrete grout, the movement of the anchor rod 31 is driven after the drill rod 21 is prevented from being evacuated until the concrete grout is solidified, and the anchor rod 31 is fixed.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (2)
1. A drill and anchor apparatus for a tunnel earth formation, comprising:
the support frame (1), the support frame (1) comprises a support table (11) and a sliding seat (12), and the sliding seat (12) is arranged on the support table (11) in a sliding manner;
the drill anchor assembly (2) is rotationally arranged on the sliding seat (12), and the rotating axial direction of the drill anchor assembly (2) is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding seat (12);
the anchor rod assembly (3) is arranged in the drill anchor assembly (2) in a sliding manner, and the anchor rod assembly (3) slides along the axial direction of the drill anchor assembly (2);
the driving assembly (4) is arranged on the sliding seat (12) and is used for driving the drill anchor assembly (2) to rotate;
the drill anchor assembly (2) comprises: a drill rod (21) having a first end (211) and a second end (212), the first end (211) being rotatable within the slide seat (12), the drill rod (21) being provided with a screw thread blade (23) on a peripheral wall of the slide seat (12);
a plurality of drill bits (22) disposed on the second end (212);
the end face, away from the first end (211), of the second end (212) is provided with a mounting groove (214), the drill bit (22) is hinged to the bottom of the mounting groove (214), the drill bit (22) is located in the mounting groove (214) and distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill rod (21), and the tip, away from the bottom of the mounting groove (214), of the drill bit (22) is exposed from the mounting groove (214);
the drill anchor assembly (2) further comprises an anchor head (26), wherein the anchor head (26) is arranged on the end face of the second end part (212) facing away from the first end part (211), the anchor heads (26) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill rod (21), and the height of the anchor head (26) on the drill rod (21) is lower than the height of the drill bit (22) on the drill rod (21) in the axial direction of the drill rod (21);
each drill bit (22) tapers away from the drill rod (21), each drill bit (22) comprises a first drill surface (221) and a second drill surface (222), each first drill surface (221) is close to the anchor head (26), each second drill surface (222) is abutted with a second drill surface (222) on the adjacent drill bit (22), and when each first drill surface (221) is abutted with the wall of the mounting groove (214), an anchoring channel (223) for the anchor rod assembly (3) to slide out of the drill rod (21) is defined between each second drill surface (222);
-the second drilling surface (222) is provided with a drill tip (224), which drill tip (224) extends in the radial direction of the drill rod (21);
the inside installation passageway (215) that runs through first tip (211) and second tip (212) of seting up of drilling rod (21), installation passageway (215) with anchor passageway (223) intercommunication, stock subassembly (3) include:
the anchor rod (31) is arranged in the mounting channel (215) and the anchoring channel (223) in a sliding manner, the anchor rod (31) is provided with grouting holes (311), and the grouting holes (311) penetrate through two ends of the anchor rod (31);
the anchor rod assembly (3) further comprises a plurality of reinforcing rods (32) positioned at the end parts of the anchor rods (31), the reinforcing rods (32) are hinged to the peripheral wall of the anchor rods (31), the anchor rods (31) are further provided with containing grooves (312) for the reinforcing rods (32) to rotate in, one ends, away from the end, hinged to the anchor rods (31), of the reinforcing rods (32) extend out of the containing grooves (312), gaps are reserved between the anchor rods (31) and the inner walls of the mounting channels (215), and one ends, away from the end parts of the anchor rods (31), of the reinforcing rods (32), extend out of the containing grooves (312) and are used for being abutted to free ends of the drill bits (22);
the drilling and anchoring device further comprises a positioning seat (13) arranged on the supporting table (11) in a sliding manner, a grouting channel (133) communicated with the grouting hole (311) is formed in the positioning seat (13), the sliding direction of the positioning seat (13) is the same as that of the sliding seat (12), a plurality of positioning blocks (134) are arranged on the side wall of the sliding seat (12) in a direction of the positioning seat (13), the positioning blocks (134) are circumferentially arranged around the grouting channel (133), and positioning grooves (313) for the positioning blocks (134) to be clamped in are formed in the end face of the anchor rod (31) facing the positioning seat (13).
2. A construction method of the drill and anchor device for a tunnel earth formation, comprising the drill and anchor device for a tunnel earth formation according to claim 1, further comprising:
marking the area to be anchored, and moving the support frame (1) to the area to be anchored;
aligning a drill bit (22) and an anchor head (26) of the drill rod (21) to a target point to be anchored, starting a driving assembly (4) to drive the drill rod (21) to rotate, and simultaneously, driving the drill rod (21) to approach an anchored area by a sliding seat (12) so as to form an anchor hole;
placing the anchor rod (31) into the mounting channel (215) such that the end of the anchor rod (31) having the reinforcing rod (32) enters the anchoring channel (223);
then the positioning seat (13) slides towards the sliding seat (12) until the positioning block (134) slides into the positioning groove (313);
the driving component (4) drives the drill rod (21) to rotate relative to the anchor rod (31);
the sliding seat (12) drives the drill rod (21) to slide towards the positioning seat (13) until the drill bit (22) slides over the reinforcing rod (32), and then the sliding seat (12) drives the drill rod (21) to slide away from the positioning seat (13) until the drill bit (22) abuts against the reinforcing rod (32) to rotate to be perpendicular to the anchor rod (31);
concrete grout is injected into the end part of the anchor rod (31) with the reinforcing rod (32) through the grouting channel (133), and the sliding seat (12) drives the drill rod (21) to be separated from the anchor hole.
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| CN202410017837.0A CN117514284B (en) | 2024-01-05 | 2024-01-05 | Drilling and anchoring equipment for tunnel soil strata and construction method thereof |
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| CN202410017837.0A CN117514284B (en) | 2024-01-05 | 2024-01-05 | Drilling and anchoring equipment for tunnel soil strata and construction method thereof |
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| CN117514284B true CN117514284B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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