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CN117503045A - Fundus examination auxiliary device and examination method - Google Patents

Fundus examination auxiliary device and examination method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117503045A
CN117503045A CN202311671852.9A CN202311671852A CN117503045A CN 117503045 A CN117503045 A CN 117503045A CN 202311671852 A CN202311671852 A CN 202311671852A CN 117503045 A CN117503045 A CN 117503045A
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China
Prior art keywords
patient
head
plate
examination
shaped
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CN202311671852.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵粟
铁金军
姚昱呈
袁洁梅
姜敏
蒋浩
张丽颖
龙秋蓉
王正静
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Guizhou Medical University
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Guizhou Medical University
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Priority to CN202311671852.9A priority Critical patent/CN117503045A/en
Publication of CN117503045A publication Critical patent/CN117503045A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0016—Operational features thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0075—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes provided with adjusting devices, e.g. operated by control lever
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0083—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes provided with means for patient positioning

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fundus examination, in particular to a fundus examination auxiliary device and an examination method, comprising a workbench, an examination instrument, a displacement device, a turning device, a fixing frame, a head pitching device and a controller; the invention can solve the following problems in the fundus examination process of patients in the prior art: because the patient needs to rotate the eyeball according to the examination requirement of a doctor in the fundus examination process, the patient cannot accurately rotate the eyeball to the angle appointed by the doctor, and the deviation of the rotation angle is easy to occur, so that the accuracy of fundus examination is affected; therefore, a doctor is required to adjust the angle of the ophthalmoscope, so that the examination time is wasted, and the operation is complicated; the patient easily causes the discomfort of patient's eyes under the long-time condition of rotating the eyeball of cooperation doctor, therefore the patient is difficult to keep motionless under physiological response easily, and the eyeball is rotated by a small margin easily, and then influences the inspection progress, and influences the inspection precision.

Description

Fundus examination auxiliary device and fundus examination method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fundus examination, in particular to a fundus examination auxiliary device and an examination method.
Background
The fundus is mainly composed of retina, fundus blood vessel, optic disk, optic nerve fiber, macula on retina, and choroid behind retina, which are all called fundus disease clinically; since ocular fundus diseases cause a large damage to visual function, a corresponding examination is required in early stages of the disease.
In the fundus examination process, firstly, the pupil of a patient is dilated through a mydriasis drug, secondly, the fundus of the patient is observed through an ophthalmoscope, firstly, the optic nerve is checked, then the quadrants are respectively checked according to the artery and vein branches of the retina, and finally, the macula is checked; in the process, the patient is required to coordinate and look at and rotate eyeballs in all directions of up, down, left and right, or the doctor changes the angle of the ophthalmoscope; finally, the fundus lesions of the patient are inspected by recognizing the inspected image.
In the prior art, corresponding instruments for checking fundus lesions, such as a digital fundus imaging tester, are provided, and can intuitively distinguish common ophthalmic diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, senile macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusion, optic disc edema and the like through fundus imaging; when the device is used, a patient usually takes a sitting position, the chin of the patient is abutted against the supporting pad of the instrument, the eyes of the patient are leveled with the ophthalmoscope, and then a doctor performs corresponding examination on the fundus of the patient through the ophthalmoscope.
However, in the process of performing fundus examination on a patient using the above-described digital fundus imaging inspector, there are also the following disadvantages:
1. because the patient needs to rotate the eyeball according to the examination requirement of a doctor in the fundus examination process, the patient cannot accurately rotate the eyeball to the angle appointed by the doctor, and the deviation of the rotation angle is easy to occur, so that the accuracy of fundus examination is affected; therefore, a doctor is required to adjust the angle of the ophthalmoscope, which wastes examination time and is cumbersome to operate.
2. In addition, since the eyes of the patient need to be inspected at multiple angles, the patient needs to cooperate with a doctor to do not stop rotating the eyeball, but the eyes are easy to rotate for a long time to cause discomfort of the eyes of the patient, so that the patient is easy to be difficult to keep motionless under physiological reaction, and the eyeball is easy to rotate by a small margin, so that the inspection progress is influenced, and the inspection precision is influenced.
Thus, under the above stated point of view, the fundus examination instruments of the prior art have room for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an auxiliary device for fundus examination, which comprises a workbench, wherein an inspection instrument and a displacement device are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the workbench along the width direction of the workbench, the displacement device comprises a support plate positioned at the upper end of the workbench, a fixing frame for placing the head of a patient is arranged on the support plate through a rotating head device, the fixing frame comprises a connecting plate, a head pitching device is arranged on the fixing frame, the head pitching device comprises a swinging rod, and a controller is arranged at one side of the inspection instrument at the upper end of the workbench.
The swivel device comprises arc holes, two groups of arc holes are symmetrically formed in the upper end of the supporting plate along the length direction of the supporting plate, each group of arc holes are two, the two arc holes on the same side of the supporting plate are communicated through a connecting groove, an execution column is slidably connected in each arc hole, the upper end of the execution column is slidably connected with the bottom of the connecting plate, an adjusting component is jointly arranged between the lower end of the supporting plate and the execution column, and the adjusting component comprises a threaded rod penetrating through the execution column in a threaded connection mode.
Preferably, the displacement device further comprises a displacement block, one side, far away from the inspection instrument, of the upper end of the workbench along the width direction of the workbench is slidably connected with the displacement block through a guide chute, a lead screw penetrating through the displacement block in a threaded connection mode is rotationally connected with the guide chute, a forward and reverse rotating motor connected with the lead screw is installed on the outer wall of the workbench through a motor base, the forward and reverse rotating motor is connected with the controller through a lead wire, and a bearing plate is installed at the upper end of the displacement block.
Preferably, the adjusting component further comprises a shape returning frame, the lower end of the supporting plate is symmetrically rotated along the length direction of the supporting plate to be provided with two shape returning frames, the shape returning frames are positioned below the two arc-shaped holes on the same side of the supporting plate, threaded rods are connected to the shape returning frames in a rotating mode, and the threads on the outer walls of the two threaded rods are opposite in rotation direction.
Preferably, a mounting groove is formed in the upper end of the workbench and below the middle part of the supporting plate, a telescopic cylinder is arranged in the mounting groove, a positioning motor is arranged at the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder through a linkage plate, a plurality of annularly distributed clamping blocks are uniformly arranged at the upper end of the positioning motor through a supporting pad, a plurality of annularly distributed matching grooves are uniformly formed in the lower end of the execution column, and the clamping blocks and the matching grooves are clamped in a separable manner;
the clamping blocks are gradually inclined to one side close to the axis of the supporting pad from top to bottom, and the matching grooves are gradually inclined to one side close to the axis of the execution column from top to bottom.
Preferably, the fixing frame further comprises a U-shaped frame movably arranged at the upper end of the connecting plate, openings of the U-shaped frame are upwards distributed, the inner bottom wall of the U-shaped frame is provided with a protection pad, the upper side of the opening of the U-shaped frame is provided with a positioning strip, and the middle of the positioning strip is of a flexible structure which is easy to deform.
Preferably, the head pitching device further comprises an L-shaped plate, the two side walls of the length direction of the connecting plate are respectively provided with the L-shaped plate, the vertical section of the L-shaped plate is positioned at the outer side of the supporting plate, one side of the vertical section of the L-shaped plate, which is far away from the supporting plate, is provided with a fixing plate, the fixing plate is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole is rotationally connected with a swinging rod through a pin shaft, the upper end of the swinging rod is provided with a positioning rod arranged on the outer wall of the U-shaped frame, and a driving component is arranged between the lower end of the swinging rod and the L-shaped plate;
two abdicating grooves are symmetrically formed in the upper end of the connecting plate along the length direction of the connecting plate, and two arc-shaped strips which are rotationally connected inside the abdicating grooves are arranged at the lower end of the U-shaped frame.
Preferably, the drive assembly includes the horizontal strip, the horizontal strip is installed to L shaped plate lower extreme, the inside spacing spout that has seted up of horizontal strip, the inside sliding connection of spacing spout has the linkage strip, be provided with the setting element between linkage strip and the spacing spout inner wall, one side that the support board was kept away from to the linkage strip is provided with the backup pad, the backup pad upper end is connected with the swinging arms lower extreme through rather than articulated telescopic link, the promotion cylinder is installed to one side that the horizontal strip outer wall is close to the inspection tester, the flexible end of promotion cylinder is connected with the linkage strip, and the promotion cylinder is connected with the controller through the wire.
Preferably, the locating piece comprises a groove, a plurality of grooves are formed in the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the linkage bar at equal intervals along the length direction of the linkage bar, and a plurality of elastic telescopic balls corresponding to the positions of the grooves are mounted on the inner wall of the limiting chute and slide against the grooves.
In addition, the invention also provides a fundus disease examination method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: patient head placement: firstly, dripping a mydriasis drug into eyes of a patient, and then placing the head of the patient on a fixing frame;
s2: patient head regulation: the head of the patient is adjusted through the displacement device, the eyeballs of the patient are aligned with the inspection instrument, and then a doctor inspects the eyeground of the patient through the inspection instrument;
s3: patient head rotation: the doctor controls the head turning device and the head pitching device through the controller, so that the head of the patient rotates left and right by a certain angle, and then the head of the patient is correspondingly pitching.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the invention, the head of a patient can be fixed through the protective pad and the positioning strip, and the protective pad can support the head of the patient, so that discomfort such as cervical vertebra soreness and the like can be prevented from occurring when the patient stretches the head for a long time in the examination process; in addition, can drive patient's head through bearing board cooperation mount and remove for patient's eyes are aligned with ophthalmoscope, simple operation.
2. According to the invention, the patient is driven to rotate the head of the patient left and right by taking the eyeball of the patient in the checking state as the axis through the cooperation among the execution column, the connection plate and the U-shaped frame, so that the eyeball of the patient still coincides with the axis of the ophthalmoscope in the process of turning the head, and the view angle of the ophthalmoscope for watching the fundus of the patient is optimal at the moment, so that the fundus checking effect of the patient is ensured; the patient can not rotate by taking the neck as the axis to cause the deviation between the eyeball and the ophthalmoscope, so that the inspection precision and the inspection efficiency are improved; in addition, the eyes of the patient only need to look directly, the patient does not need to rotate the eyeball, and the doctor does not need to adjust the angle of the ophthalmoscope, so that deviation is avoided, and discomfort of the eyes of the patient is avoided.
3. According to the invention, the U-shaped frame is driven to swing by taking the pin shaft as the circle center through the swinging rod, and the U-shaped frame drives the head of a patient to pitch correspondingly; at this time, the eyes of the patient are still in direct vision, so that the angle between the eyes of the patient and the ophthalmoscope is correspondingly changed, and a doctor can conveniently check the eyes of the patient at multiple angles through the ophthalmoscope; the swinging amplitude of the swinging rod and the U-shaped frame can be effectively controlled, and the pitching angle of the head of a patient can be effectively controlled; therefore, the eyes of the patient can be accurately adjusted according to the examination requirement, and the examination precision can be ensured.
4. When the fundus inspection is needed for the child, the position of the execution column can be adjusted according to the eye distance of the child, so that the execution column and the eyeball of the child are positioned on the same axis; and then can make children regard its eyeball as the axis and rotate the head, can adapt to different inspection crowd.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure between the bearing plate and the fixing frame of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure between the arcuate aperture and the actuator post of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the displacement device, the swivel device and the fixing frame of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure between the bearing plate and the adjustment assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure between the displacement device and the swivel device of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure between the support plate, the fixing frame and the head pitching device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the head tilting device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 8 at E in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a workbench; 2. an inspection instrument; 3. a displacement device; 4. a swivel device; 5. a fixing frame; 6. a head pitching device; 7. a controller;
31. a bearing plate; 32. a displacement block; 33. a screw rod; 34. a forward and reverse rotation motor;
41. an arc-shaped hole; 42. performing a column; 421. a telescopic cylinder; 422. positioning a motor; 423. a clamping block; 43. an adjustment assembly; 431. a threaded rod; 432. a shape-returning frame;
51. a connecting plate; 52. a U-shaped frame; 53. a protective pad; 54. a positioning strip;
61. a swinging rod; 62. an L-shaped plate; 63. a fixing plate; 64. a positioning rod; 65. a drive assembly;
651. a horizontal bar; 652. limiting sliding grooves; 653. a linkage bar; 654. a positioning piece; 655. a support plate; 656. a telescopic rod; 657. a pushing cylinder; 658. an elastic telescopic ball.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-9, but the invention can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
The embodiment of the application discloses an auxiliary device for fundus examination, which is characterized in that the identification system is mainly applied to the process of fundus examination of a patient, the head of the patient can be fixed in technical effect, then a doctor can carry out multi-angle fundus examination on the patient through an ophthalmoscope, and particularly in the process of fundus examination, the patient can rotate the head of the patient left and right according to the examination requirement, so that the eye of the patient can complete the multi-angle fundus examination only by looking straight; furthermore, the inspection device can enable the head of the patient to pitch correspondingly according to the inspection requirement, and the pitch angle can be controlled, so that the eyes of the patient can be inspected at multiple angles, and inspection deviation can be avoided.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1, a fundus examination auxiliary apparatus comprises a workbench 1, wherein an inspection instrument 2 and a displacement apparatus 3 are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the workbench 1 along the width direction of the workbench, the displacement apparatus 3 comprises a support plate 31 positioned at the upper end of the workbench 1, a fixing frame 5 for placing the head of a patient is arranged on the support plate 31 through a turning device 4, the fixing frame 5 comprises a connecting plate 51, a head pitching device 6 is arranged on the fixing frame 5, the head pitching device 6 comprises a swinging rod 61, and a controller 7 is arranged at one side of the inspection instrument 2 at the upper end of the workbench 1.
In practical application, firstly, a pupil expanding medicine is dripped into eyes of a patient, secondly, the head of the patient is placed on a fixing frame 5, and then a doctor controls a displacement device 3 through a controller 7 to adjust the head of the patient, so that the eyes of the patient are aligned with an inspection instrument 2; the doctor then performs fundus examination on the patient by the inspection apparatus 2; during this time, the doctor manipulates the swivel device 4 and the head tilting device 6 through the controller 7 to adjust the head of the patient so as to perform multi-angle examination of the fundus of the patient.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, in order to facilitate the stability of the head of the patient during the examination, a fixing frame 5 for supporting the head of the patient is provided; specifically, the fixing frame 5 further comprises a U-shaped frame 52 movably arranged at the upper end of the connecting plate 51, openings of the U-shaped frame 52 are upwards distributed, a protection pad 53 is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the U-shaped frame 52, and a positioning strip 54 is arranged on the upper side of the opening of the U-shaped frame 52.
In the specific implementation process, the chin of the patient is abutted against the protection pad 53, and the chin of the patient can be protected through the protection pad 53, so that the comfort level of the patient in the examination process is improved; at this time, the forehead of the patient is attached to the positioning strip 54, and the middle part of the positioning strip 54 is of a flexible structure which is easy to deform, so that the forehead of the patient can be correspondingly deformed; the head of the patient can be fixed through the protection pad 53 and the positioning strip 54, and the protection pad 53 can support the head of the patient, so that the discomfort such as cervical vertebra soreness and distension and the like of the long-time extension head of the patient in the examination process is prevented.
In addition, a control air bag (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the protective pad 53, when the fundus examination is required for the child, the eyes of the child and the ophthalmoscope of the inspection instrument 2 are not at the same height, and at the moment, the protective pad 53 can be lifted upwards by controlling the air bag to inflate, so that the protective pad 53 drives the head of the child to move upwards, and the eyes of the child and the ophthalmoscope are at the same height; thereby being suitable for patients of different ages.
Referring to fig. 1, since fundus examination requires sequential examination of two eyes of a patient, and the inspection apparatus 2 can perform inspection of only one eye at a time, it is required to perform corresponding movement of the head of the patient according to actual conditions so that both eyes of the patient can be inspected; based on this, the application provides displacement device 3, specifically, displacement device 3 still includes displacement piece 32, and one side that inspection appearance 2 was kept away from to workstation 1 upper end along its width direction is through direction spout sliding connection has displacement piece 32, and the lead screw 33 that passes displacement piece 32 through threaded connection's mode is connected with to the rotation in the direction spout, and the positive and negative motor 34 that is connected with lead screw 33 is installed through the motor cabinet to workstation 1 outer wall, and positive and negative motor 34 is connected with controller 7 through the wire, and carrier plate 31 is installed to displacement piece 32 upper end.
In the specific implementation process, a doctor controls the forward and reverse rotation motor 34 to operate through the controller 7, the forward and reverse rotation motor 34 drives the lead screw 33 to rotate, the lead screw 33 drives the displacement block 32 to slide along the guide chute, and the displacement block 32 drives the fixing frame 5 to integrally and synchronously move through the bearing plate 31; the head of the patient is driven to correspondingly move by the supporting plate 31 and the fixing frame 5, so that the eyes of the patient are aligned with the ophthalmoscope.
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, in order to perform a full examination of the fundus of a patient, the patient needs to perform a multi-angle examination on the eye of the patient during the fundus examination, so that the patient is required to rotate the eyeball or adjust the angle of the ophthalmoscope by a doctor, but the patient cannot precisely rotate the eyeball to a designated angle according to the examination requirement, and deviation occurs when the doctor adjusts the angle of the ophthalmoscope, thereby affecting the accuracy of the fundus examination; based on this, the application provides need not patient's rotation eyeball and need not doctor and adjust the turning device 4 of ophthalmoscope angle, specifically, turning device 4 includes arc hole 41, two sets of arc holes 41 have been seted up along its length direction symmetry to carrier plate 31 upper end, every set of arc hole 41 all sets up to two, be linked together through the spread groove between two arc holes 41 of carrier plate 31 same side, sliding connection has the execution post 42 in the arc hole 41, execution post 42 upper end and connecting plate 51 bottom sliding connection, be provided with adjusting part 43 jointly between carrier plate 31 lower extreme and the execution post 42, adjusting part 43 includes the threaded rod 431 that passes through the execution post 42 through threaded connection's mode.
In the specific implementation process, when the eyeballs of the patient need to be inspected at multiple angles, the execution column 42 corresponding to the eyeballs of the patient in the inspection state rotates and drives the other execution column 42 to rotate through the connecting plate 51, and meanwhile, the connecting plate 51 drives the head of the patient to rotate through the U-shaped frame 52; it should be noted that, the patient rotates his head left and right with the eyeball in the examination state as the axis, so that the eyeball of the patient still coincides with the axis of the ophthalmoscope during the turning process, and the view angle of the ophthalmoscope for watching the fundus of the patient is optimal at this time, so as to ensure the fundus examination effect of the patient; the patient can not rotate by taking the neck as the axis to cause the deviation between the eyeball and the ophthalmoscope, so that the inspection precision and the inspection efficiency are improved; in addition, the eyes of the patient only need to look directly, the patient does not need to rotate the eyeball, and the doctor does not need to adjust the angle of the ophthalmoscope, so that deviation is avoided.
With continued reference to fig. 5, since the eye distance between the adult and the child is different, when the present application performs fundus examination on the child, in order to facilitate the child to rotate the head with the eyeball as the axis, the position of the execution post 42 needs to be adjusted so that the execution post 42 is on the same axis as the eyeball of the child; specifically, the adjusting component 43 further includes a shape returning frame 432, two shape returning frames 432 are symmetrically disposed at the lower end of the supporting plate 31 along the length direction of the shape returning frame, the shape returning frames 432 are located below the two arc holes 41 on the same side of the supporting plate 31, the shape returning frames 432 are rotatably connected with threaded rods 431, and threads on outer walls of the two threaded rods 431 are opposite in rotation direction.
It should be noted that, since the loop-shaped frame 432 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the support plate 31, the loop-shaped frame 432 can be driven to rotate synchronously by the threaded rod 431 during the rotation of the execution post 42, so that the loop-shaped frame 432 is prevented from blocking the rotation of the execution post 42.
In the implementation process, the threaded rod 431 is rotated, and the threaded rod 431 drives the execution column 42 to slide along the length direction of the inner wall of the rectangular frame 432, so that the position of the execution column 42 is adjusted according to the eye distance of the child, and the execution column 42 and the eyeball of the child are located on the same axis; and then can make children regard its eyeball as the axis and rotate the head, can adapt to different inspection crowd.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, in order to make the head of the patient rotate correspondingly according to the examination requirement during the fundus examination, the control execution post 42 is required to drive the fixing frame 5 and the head of the patient to rotate integrally; and the angle of rotation of the patient's head needs to be controlled; specifically, the mounting groove has been seted up to workstation 1 upper end and be located carrier plate 31 middle part below, is provided with flexible cylinder 421 in the mounting groove, and location motor 422 is installed through the linkage board to flexible end of flexible cylinder 421, and a plurality of annular distributed joint piece 423 are evenly installed through the supporting pad to the upper end of location motor 422, and a plurality of annular distributed mating grooves have evenly been seted up to the execution post 42 lower extreme, joint piece 423 and mating groove are through separable mode looks joint.
Further, in the present embodiment, the clamping blocks 423 are gradually inclined from top to bottom to a side close to the axis of the support pad, and the mating grooves are gradually inclined from top to bottom to a side close to the axis of the actuating post 42; the clamping block 423 is conveniently guided through the matching groove, so that the clamping block 423 is smoothly clamped into the matching groove.
In the initial state, the telescopic cylinder 421 is in the contracted state, and a certain distance is reserved between the clamping block 423 and the execution column 42, so that the blocking caused by the clamping block 423 driving the bearing plate 31 to displace the execution column 42 is avoided, and the clamping block 423 and the bottom of the execution column 42 are conveniently clamped.
In the specific implementation process, the displacement block 32 drives the head of the patient to move, so that the eyes to be inspected of the patient are aligned with the ophthalmoscope, and meanwhile, the displacement block 32 drives the execution column 42 to synchronously move through the bearing plate 31, so that the execution column 42 is positioned above the clamping block 423 and the two are positioned on the same axis; then, the telescopic cylinder 421 is started, and the telescopic cylinder 421 drives the positioning motor 422, the supporting pad and the clamping block 423 to integrally move upwards through the linkage plate, so that the clamping block 423 is clamped with a matching groove at the bottom of the execution column 42 (shown in fig. 6); then, the positioning motor 422 is started, and the positioning motor 422 drives the execution column 42 to rotate through the support pad and the clamping block 423, so that the execution column 42 drives the head of the patient to rotate through the connecting plate 51 and the fixing frame 5.
Embodiment two:
referring to fig. 7 and 8, in order to facilitate multi-angle examination of the eyes of a patient on the basis of the first embodiment, the head of the patient is required to be correspondingly pitched on the basis of turning the head left and right of the patient; based on this, the application provides head every single move device 6, specifically, head every single move device 6 still includes L shaped plate 62, L shaped plate 62 is all installed to connecting plate 51 length direction's both sides wall, the vertical section of L shaped plate 62 is located the carrier plate 31 outside, and the vertical section of L shaped plate 62 is kept away from one side of carrier plate 31 and is provided with fixed plate 63, the through-hole has been seted up on the fixed plate 63, the through-hole inner wall is connected with swinging arms 61 through the round pin axle rotation, the locating lever 64 that sets up in U-shaped frame 52 outer wall is installed to swinging arms 61 upper end, be provided with drive assembly 65 between swinging arms 61 lower extreme and the L shaped plate 62.
Further, in this embodiment, two abdicating grooves are symmetrically formed at the upper end of the connecting plate 51 along the length direction thereof, two arc-shaped strips rotatably connected inside the abdicating grooves are mounted at the lower end of the U-shaped frame 52, and the U-shaped frame 52 can be supported by the arc-shaped strips when the U-shaped frame 52 rotates around the pin shaft as the center of a circle.
In the specific implementation process, the swinging rod 61 drives the U-shaped frame 52 to swing by rotating the swinging rod 61 by taking the pin shaft as the circle center, so that the U-shaped frame 52 drives the head of a patient to pitch correspondingly; at this time, the eyes of the patient are still in direct vision, so that the angle between the eyes of the patient and the ophthalmoscope is correspondingly changed, and a doctor can conveniently check the eyes of the patient at multiple angles through the ophthalmoscope.
In addition, the head of the patient has small height deviation between eyes and the ophthalmoscope in the pitching process, so that fundus examination can be performed on the patient without adjusting the angle of the ophthalmoscope.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, to facilitate controlling the pitch angle of the patient's head according to the examination requirements, the present application provides a drive assembly 65 for controlling the pitch angle of the patient's head; specifically, the driving assembly 65 includes a horizontal bar 651, the lower end of the l-shaped plate 62 is provided with the horizontal bar 651, a limiting chute 652 is provided in the horizontal bar 651, a linkage bar 653 is slidably connected in the limiting chute 652, a positioning member 654 is provided between the linkage bar 653 and the inner wall of the limiting chute 652, one side of the linkage bar 653 away from the bearing plate 31 is provided with a supporting plate 655, the upper end of the supporting plate 655 is connected with the lower end of the swinging rod 61 through a telescopic rod 656 hinged with the supporting plate, one side of the outer wall of the horizontal bar 651, close to the inspection instrument 2, is provided with a pushing cylinder 657, the telescopic end of the pushing cylinder 657 is connected with the linkage bar 653, and the pushing cylinder 657 is connected with the controller 7 through a wire.
In the specific implementation process, a doctor controls a pushing cylinder 657 through the controller 7, the pushing cylinder 657 drives a linkage rod 653 to slide along the length direction of the limit chute 652, and the linkage rod 653 drives the support plate 655 to synchronously move; in the moving process of the support plate 655, the telescopic rod 656 drives the swinging rod 61 to rotate by taking the pin shaft as the circle center, and the swinging rod 61 drives the head of the patient to pitch correspondingly through the U-shaped frame 52; the distance of the movement of the linkage rod 653 is conveniently controlled by pushing the air cylinder 657, so that the swing amplitude of the swing rod 61 and the U-shaped frame 52 and the pitching angle of the head of a patient can be effectively controlled; therefore, the eyes of the patient can be accurately adjusted according to the examination requirement, and the examination precision can be ensured.
In addition, in this embodiment, in order to obtain spacing after being convenient for the linkage strip 653 removes, this application provides locating piece 654, and it includes the recess, and a plurality of recesses have all been seted up along its length direction equidistant to both sides wall about the linkage strip 653, and a plurality of elastic telescopic balls 658 corresponding with the recess position are installed to spacing spout 652 inner wall, and elastic telescopic ball 658 slides with the recess and contradicts.
In practical application, after the linkage rod 653 moves a specified distance along the limit chute 652, the elastic telescopic ball 658 is abutted in the groove under the self elastic action; therefore, the linkage rod 653 can be limited by the cooperation between the elastic telescopic ball 658 and the groove, and the random pitching of the head of the patient caused by the random movement of the linkage rod 653 in the limiting chute 652 is prevented, so that the stability of the head of the patient is ensured; in addition, when the pushing cylinder 657 drives the linkage rod 653 to move along the limiting chute 652, the elastic telescopic ball 658 can be ejected from the groove, so that the movement of the linkage rod 653 is not blocked.
In addition, the invention also provides a fundus disease examination method, which comprises the following steps: comprising the following steps:
s1: patient head placement: firstly, dropping a mydriatic medicine into eyes of a patient, secondly, leaning a chin of the patient against the protective pad 53, and leaning a forehead of the patient against the positioning strip 54; the head of the patient can be fixed through the protection pad 53 and the positioning strip 54, and the protection pad 53 can support the head of the patient, so that the discomfort such as cervical vertebra soreness and distension and the like of the long-time extension head of the patient in the examination process is prevented.
S2: patient head regulation: the doctor controls the forward and reverse rotation motor 34 to operate through the controller 7, the forward and reverse rotation motor 34 drives the lead screw 33 to rotate, the lead screw 33 drives the displacement block 32 to slide along the guide chute, and the displacement block 32 drives the whole fixing frame 5 to synchronously move through the bearing plate 31; the head of the patient is driven to correspondingly move by the supporting plate 31 and the fixing frame 5, so that the eyes of the patient are aligned with the ophthalmoscope.
S3: patient head rotation: the displacement block 32 drives the head of the patient to move and simultaneously drives the execution column 42 to synchronously move through the bearing plate 31, so that the execution column 42 is positioned above the clamping block 423 and is positioned on the same axis; when the eyeballs of the patient need to be inspected at multiple angles, a telescopic cylinder 421 is started, and the telescopic cylinder 421 drives a positioning motor 422, a supporting pad and a clamping block 423 to integrally move upwards through a linkage plate, so that the clamping block 423 is clamped with a matching groove at the bottom of an execution column 42; then, the positioning motor 422 is started, the positioning motor 422 drives the execution column 42 corresponding to the eyeball of the patient under examination to rotate through the support pad and the clamping block 423, and drives the other execution column 42 to rotate through the connecting plate 51.
The connecting plate 51 drives the head of the patient to rotate through the U-shaped frame 52, so that the patient rotates the head of the patient left and right by taking the eyeball in the checking state as an axis, and therefore the eyeball of the patient still coincides with the axis of the ophthalmoscope in the process of turning the head, and the ophthalmoscope looks at the best view angle of the fundus of the patient at the moment so as to ensure the fundus checking effect of the patient; and the eyes of the patient only need to look directly, the patient does not need to rotate the eyeball, and the doctor does not need to adjust the angle of the ophthalmoscope, so that deviation is avoided.
Then, a doctor controls the pushing air cylinder 657 through the controller 7, the pushing air cylinder 657 drives the linkage rod 653 to slide along the length direction of the limit sliding groove 652, and the linkage rod 653 drives the supporting plate 655 to synchronously move; in the moving process of the support plate 655, the telescopic rod 656 drives the swinging rod 61 to rotate by taking the pin shaft as the circle center, and the swinging rod 61 drives the head of the patient to pitch correspondingly through the U-shaped frame 52; at this time, the eyes of the patient are still in direct vision, so that the angle between the eyes of the patient and the ophthalmoscope is correspondingly changed, and a doctor can conveniently check the eyes of the patient at multiple angles through the ophthalmoscope.
In addition, when the fundus examination is performed on the child, the threaded rod 431 drives the execution column 42 to slide along the length direction of the inner wall of the rectangular frame 432, so that the position of the execution column 42 is adjusted according to the eye distance of the child, and the execution column 42 and the eyeball of the child are located on the same axis; and then can make children regard its eyeball as the axis and rotate the head, can adapt to different inspection crowd.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1.一种眼底检查辅助装置，包括工作台(1)，工作台(1)上端沿其宽度方向依次设置有检查仪(2)和位移装置(3)，位移装置(3)包括位于工作台(1)上端的承托板(31)，其特征在于：承托板(31)上通过转头装置(4)安装有用于放置患者头部的固定架(5)，固定架(5)包括连接板(51)，固定架(5)上设置有头部俯仰装置(6)，头部俯仰装置(6)包括与固定架(5)相连接的摆动杆(61)，工作台(1)上端位于检查仪(2)一侧安装有控制器(7)；1. An auxiliary device for fundus examination, including a workbench (1). The upper end of the workbench (1) is provided with an inspection instrument (2) and a displacement device (3) in sequence along its width direction. The displacement device (3) includes a device located on the workbench. (1) The supporting plate (31) at the upper end is characterized in that: a fixing frame (5) for placing the patient's head is installed on the supporting plate (31) through a turning device (4). The fixing frame (5) includes The connecting plate (51), the fixed frame (5) is provided with a head pitching device (6), the head pitching device (6) includes a swing rod (61) connected to the fixed frame (5), the workbench (1) The upper end is located on one side of the inspection instrument (2) and a controller (7) is installed; 所述转头装置(4)包括弧形孔(41)，承托板(31)上端沿其长度方向对称开设有两组弧形孔(41)，每组弧形孔(41)均设置为两个，承托板(31)同一侧的两个弧形孔(41)之间通过连接槽相连通，弧形孔(41)内滑动连接有执行柱(42)，执行柱(42)上端与连接板(51)底部滑动连接，承托板(31)下端和执行柱(42)之间共同设置有调节组件(43)，调节组件(43)包括通过螺纹连接的方式穿过执行柱(42)的螺纹杆(431)。The rotor device (4) includes an arc hole (41), and two groups of arc holes (41) are symmetrically opened on the upper end of the supporting plate (31) along its length direction, and each group of arc holes (41) is arranged as Two, the two arc-shaped holes (41) on the same side of the supporting plate (31) are connected through a connecting groove. An execution column (42) is slidably connected in the arc-shaped hole (41), and the upper end of the execution column (42) It is slidingly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate (51), and an adjustment component (43) is jointly provided between the lower end of the support plate (31) and the execution column (42). The adjustment component (43) includes a threaded connection that passes through the execution column (42). 42) threaded rod (431). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种眼底检查辅助装置，其特征在于：所述位移装置(3)还包括位移块(32)，工作台(1)上端沿其宽度方向远离检查仪(2)的一侧通过导向滑槽滑动连接有位移块(32)，导向滑槽内转动连接有通过螺纹连接的方式穿过位移块(32)的丝杠(33)，工作台(1)外壁通过电机座安装有与丝杠(33)相连接的正反转电机(34)，正反转电机(34)通过导线与控制器(7)相连接，位移块(32)上端安装有承托板(31)。2. A fundus examination auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the displacement device (3) also includes a displacement block (32), and the upper end of the workbench (1) is away from the examination instrument (2) along its width direction. ) is slidably connected to a displacement block (32) through a guide chute. A screw (33) threaded through the displacement block (32) is rotatably connected in the guide chute. The outer wall of the workbench (1) passes through The motor base is equipped with a forward and reverse motor (34) connected to the screw (33). The forward and reverse motor (34) is connected to the controller (7) through wires, and a supporting plate is installed on the upper end of the displacement block (32). (31). 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种眼底检查辅助装置，其特征在于：所述调节组件(43)还包括回形架(432)，承托板(31)下端沿其长度方向对称转动设置有两个回形架(432)，回形架(432)位于承托板(31)同一侧的两个弧形孔(41)下方，回形架(432)上转动连接有螺纹杆(431)，两个螺纹杆(431)外壁的螺纹旋向相反。3. A fundus examination auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjustment assembly (43) further includes a loop frame (432), and the lower end of the supporting plate (31) is symmetrically rotated along its length direction. There are two loop-shaped frames (432). The loop-shaped frames (432) are located below the two arc holes (41) on the same side of the supporting plate (31). The loop-shaped frames (432) are rotatably connected to a threaded rod (431). ), the threads on the outer walls of the two threaded rods (431) have opposite directions. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种眼底检查辅助装置，其特征在于：所述工作台(1)上端且位于承托板(31)中部下方开设有安装槽，安装槽内设置有伸缩气缸(421)，伸缩气缸(421)的伸缩端通过联动板安装有定位电机(422)，定位电机(422)的上端通过支撑垫均匀安装有多个环形分布的卡接块(423)，执行柱(42)下端均匀开设有多个环形分布的配合槽，卡接块(423)和配合槽通过可分离的方式相卡接；4. A fundus examination auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: an installation groove is provided at the upper end of the workbench (1) and below the middle part of the supporting plate (31), and a telescopic cylinder is provided in the installation groove. (421), the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (421) is equipped with a positioning motor (422) through a linkage plate, and the upper end of the positioning motor (422) is evenly installed with a plurality of annularly distributed snap blocks (423) through a support pad. The execution column (42) The lower end is evenly provided with a plurality of annularly distributed matching grooves, and the snap-in block (423) and the matching grooves are detachably connected to each other; 所述卡接块(423)从上到下均逐渐向靠近支撑垫轴线的一侧倾斜，配合槽从上到下逐渐向靠近执行柱(42)轴线的一侧倾斜。The clamping block (423) gradually tilts toward the side close to the axis of the support pad from top to bottom, and the fitting groove gradually tilts toward the side close to the axis of the execution column (42) from top to bottom. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种眼底检查辅助装置，其特征在于：所述固定架(5)还包括活动设置在连接板(51)上端的U形架(52)，U形架(52)开口向上排布，U形架(52)内底壁安装有防护垫(53)，U形架(52)的开口处上侧设置有定位条(54)，定位条(54)的中部为易于变形的柔性结构。5. A fundus examination auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed frame (5) also includes a U-shaped frame (52) movably arranged on the upper end of the connecting plate (51), the U-shaped frame (52) 52) The openings are arranged upward. A protective pad (53) is installed on the inner bottom wall of the U-shaped frame (52). A positioning bar (54) is provided on the upper side of the opening of the U-shaped frame (52). The middle part of the positioning bar (54) It is a flexible structure that is easy to deform. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种眼底检查辅助装置，其特征在于：所述头部俯仰装置(6)还包括L形板(62)，连接板(51)长度方向的两侧壁均安装有L形板(62)，L形板(62)的竖直段位于承托板(31)外侧，且L形板(62)的竖直段远离承托板(31)的一侧设置有固定板(63)，固定板(63)上开设有通孔，通孔内壁通过销轴转动连接有摆动杆(61)，摆动杆(61)上端安装有设置于U形架(52)外壁的定位杆(64)，摆动杆(61)下端和L形板(62)之间设置有驱动组件(65)；6. A fundus examination auxiliary device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the head pitching device (6) further includes an L-shaped plate (62), and both side walls in the length direction of the connecting plate (51) are An L-shaped plate (62) is installed, the vertical section of the L-shaped plate (62) is located outside the supporting plate (31), and the vertical section of the L-shaped plate (62) is arranged on one side away from the supporting plate (31) There is a fixed plate (63), and a through hole is provided on the fixed plate (63). The inner wall of the through hole is connected to a swing rod (61) through a pin rotation. The upper end of the swing rod (61) is installed with a swing rod (61) arranged on the outer wall of the U-shaped frame (52). The positioning rod (64), a driving assembly (65) is provided between the lower end of the swing rod (61) and the L-shaped plate (62); 连接板(51)上端沿其长度方向对称开设有两个让位槽，U形架(52)下端安装有两个转动连接在让位槽内部的弧形条。The upper end of the connecting plate (51) is symmetrically provided with two relief grooves along its length direction, and the lower end of the U-shaped frame (52) is equipped with two arc-shaped bars that are rotationally connected inside the relief grooves. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种眼底检查辅助装置，其特征在于：所述驱动组件(65)包括水平条(651)，L形板(62)下端安装有水平条(651)，水平条(651)内部开设有限位滑槽(652)，限位滑槽(652)内部滑动连接有联动条(653)，联动条(653)和限位滑槽(652)内壁之间设置有定位件(654)，联动条(653)远离承托板(31)的一侧设置有支撑板(655)，支撑板(655)上端通过与其铰接的伸缩杆(656)与摆动杆(61)下端相连接，水平条(651)外壁靠近检查仪(2)的一侧安装有推动气缸(657)，推动气缸(657)的伸缩端与联动条(653)相连接，且推动气缸(657)通过导线与控制器(7)相连接。7. A fundus examination auxiliary device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the driving assembly (65) includes a horizontal bar (651), and a horizontal bar (651) is installed at the lower end of the L-shaped plate (62). A limited chute (652) is provided inside the bar (651). A linkage bar (653) is slidably connected to the inside of the limit chute (652). A positioning bar (653) is provided between the linkage bar (653) and the inner wall of the limit chute (652). The linkage bar (653) is provided with a support plate (655) on the side away from the support plate (31). The upper end of the support plate (655) is hinged with the telescopic rod (656) and the lower end of the swing rod (61). connected, a pushing cylinder (657) is installed on the side of the outer wall of the horizontal bar (651) close to the inspection instrument (2), the telescopic end of the pushing cylinder (657) is connected to the linkage bar (653), and the pushing cylinder (657) passes The wires are connected to the controller (7). 8.根据权利要求7所述的一种眼底检查辅助装置，其特征在于：所述定位件(654)包括凹槽，联动条(653)上下两侧壁均沿其长度方向等间距开设有多个凹槽，限位滑槽(652)内壁安装有多个与凹槽位置相对应的弹性伸缩球(658)，弹性伸缩球(658)与凹槽滑移抵触。8. A fundus examination auxiliary device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the positioning member (654) includes a groove, and the upper and lower side walls of the linkage bar (653) are provided with multiple holes at equal intervals along the length direction thereof. A groove is installed on the inner wall of the limit chute (652). A plurality of elastic expansion balls (658) corresponding to the position of the groove are installed, and the elastic expansion balls (658) slide against the groove. 9.一种眼底检查方法，包括如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的一种眼底检查辅助装置，其特征在于，识别方法包括以下步骤：9. A fundus examination method, including a fundus examination auxiliary device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the identification method includes the following steps: S1：患者头部放置：首先在患者的眼睛里滴入扩瞳药物，然后患者的头部放置于固定架(5)上；S1: Place the patient's head: First, drop the pupil dilating drug into the patient's eyes, and then place the patient's head on the fixed frame (5); S2：患者头部调节：通过位移装置(3)对患者的头部进行调节，将患者的眼球与检查仪(2)对齐，然后医生通过检查仪(2)对患者的眼底进行检查；S2: Patient's head adjustment: adjust the patient's head through the displacement device (3), align the patient's eyeballs with the examination instrument (2), and then the doctor examines the patient's fundus through the examination instrument (2); S3：患者头部转动：医生通过控制器(7)操控转头装置(4)和头部俯仰装置(6)，使得患者的头部左右转动一定的角度，然后使其头部进行相应的俯仰。S3: Patient's head rotation: The doctor controls the head turning device (4) and head pitching device (6) through the controller (7) to rotate the patient's head left and right at a certain angle, and then tilts the patient's head accordingly. .
CN202311671852.9A 2023-12-04 2023-12-04 Fundus examination auxiliary device and examination method Pending CN117503045A (en)

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