CN117489531A - A typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep open sea, which comprises a floating platform with a mooring component, wherein a pair of support arms are arranged on the floating platform, a cabin is arranged at the top of each support arm, two impeller groups are respectively arranged at two ends of each cabin to capture wind energy twice in front and behind, and the two impeller groups are connected with an independent gear box and a permanent magnet synchronous generator to form a distributed power generation unit with smaller power magnitude; the impeller group consists of a hub and two fan blades, and the permanent magnet synchronous generator is controlled by software, so that the front impeller and the rear impeller are in an included angle 90 DEG state when the two impeller groups work, and are in a parallel state when the machine is stopped. The invention aims to improve the wind energy utilization efficiency and solve the problems of lower wind energy utilization efficiency and lower power density of the conventional wind turbine generator and the problem of high manufacturing cost of the conventional high-capacity wind turbine generator.

Description

A typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas

Technical field

The invention relates to wind turbines, and in particular to a typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for use in deep seas.

Background technique

The wind power industry is currently in a period of vigorous development and has become the renewable energy industry with the largest installed capacity in the world. Since offshore areas are affected by inland topography and hydrology and meteorology, wind resources are far less abundant and stable than those in deep sea areas, and are subject to the influence of important industries such as fishery and shipping, which is not conducive to the construction of large-capacity wind turbines and large-scale wind farms; at the same time, my country's total offshore wind energy reserves exceed 2,000 GW, of which wind energy reserves in the deep sea account for more than 60%. Therefore, the offshore wind power industry will surely develop towards the deep sea area. New large-capacity offshore floating wind turbines facing the deep sea have emerged and are important. Sexuality becomes more prominent. At present, most offshore floating wind turbines only carry a single unit on a floating platform, and the cost of the floating platform accounts for a high proportion of the total machine cost. This results in a limited capacity of a single wind turbine, low power generation, and low power density. Low and high unit power cost is not conducive to the advancement of offshore wind power parity. How to improve the utilization rate of wind energy by wind turbines has always been a key research direction in the field of wind power generation. The existing wind turbines use one base, one machine and a single impeller, which limits the efficiency of wind energy utilization. However, the blade airfoil optimization design technology is relatively mature. The improvement of wind energy utilization efficiency is limited.

Contents of the invention

Technical problems to be solved by the present invention: In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas is provided. The present invention aims to improve the efficiency of wind energy utilization and solve the problem of low wind energy utilization efficiency of conventional wind turbines. The problem of low power density and the high manufacturing cost of existing large-capacity wind turbines.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

A typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for use in deep seas, including a floating platform with a mooring assembly. The floating platform is provided with a pair of supporting arms, and a nacelle is provided on the top of the supporting arm. The nacelle An impeller set is installed at each end to achieve two wind energy captures at the front and rear, and the two impeller sets are connected with independent gearboxes and permanent magnet synchronous generators to form a distributed power generation unit with a smaller power level.

Optionally, the support arm is an L-shaped arm with two force arms, one long and one short. The middle part of the L-shaped arm is rotationally connected to the floating platform through a rotating shaft. The longer force arm in the L-shaped arm The arm is a unit support arm used to install the engine room and impeller set, and the shorter force arm is a counterweight arm used to counterweight the unit support arm. The engine room and impeller set are installed on the unit support arm, so The counterweight support arm is connected to the traction rope of the hoisting mechanism installed on the floating platform to realize the height adjustment of the center of gravity of the engine room and the impeller assembly.

Optionally, the impeller set is composed of a hub and two fan blades, and the permanent magnet synchronous generator is controlled by software so that the front and rear impellers are at an angle of 90° when the two impeller sets are working, and the front and rear impellers are parallel when shutting down. state.

Optionally, the mooring component is connected to the floating platform through a connection point to achieve single-point mooring, and a pair of arms and mooring components are located on different sides of the floating platform to achieve passive tracking of wind direction changes. yaw.

Optionally, the floating platform includes three buoys, the three buoys are arranged in a triangular shape and two adjacent buoys are connected by at least one cross beam, and the tops of two of the three buoys are Each is equipped with a support arm and the remaining buoy is connected to the mooring assembly.

Optionally, the mooring assembly includes one or more anchor chains, the upper end of which is connected to the floating platform through a rotating mechanism.

Optionally, the angle between the unit support arm and the counterweight support arm is an obtuse angle.

Optionally, a reinforcing connecting rod is also connected between the ends of the unit support arm and the counterweight support arm, and the reinforcing connecting rod, the unit support arm and the counterweight support arm are arranged in a triangle.

Optionally, a counterweight block is provided at the end of the counterweight support arm, a counterweight support is provided on the lower part of the counterweight block on the floating platform, and an arc-shaped recess is provided on the top surface of the counterweight support. The slot is used to fit and fix the counterweight when the counterweight is placed into the arc-shaped groove during power generation operation.

Optionally, the hoisting mechanism is arranged at an intermediate position between the two arms, and the counterweight arms of the two arms are connected to the traction rope of the same hoisting mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly has the following advantages:

1. The present invention adopts the technical means of dual machines on one base and double impeller sets at the front and rear to achieve two wind energy captures at the front and rear, which can improve the wind energy utilization efficiency and solve the problems of low wind energy utilization efficiency and low power density of conventional wind turbines.

2. The present invention uses each impeller to connect to a wind turbine to form a distributed power generation unit with a small power level. The existing wind power generation technology with a small power level is relatively mature and solves the problem of high manufacturing cost of large-capacity wind turbines. .

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the typhoon-resistant state of the typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Legend: 1. Floating platform; 11. Buoy; 12. Beam; 13. Counterweight support; 2. Mooring components; 3. Support arm; 31. Unit support arm; 32. Counterweight support arm; 33. Equipped with Weight block; 34. Reinforced connecting rod; 4. Engine room; 5. Impeller group; 6. Winch mechanism.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas, including a floating platform 1 with a mooring assembly 2. The floating platform 1 is provided with a pair of supporting arms 3. There is a nacelle 4 on the top of the nacelle 3. An impeller set 5 is installed at each end of the nacelle 4 to capture wind energy twice before and after, and the two impeller assemblies 5 are connected to independent gearboxes and permanent magnet synchronous generators to form a power output. Smaller distributed generation units. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine of this embodiment adopts the technical means of dual machines on one base and double impellers at the front and rear to achieve two wind energy captures at the front and rear, which can improve the wind energy utilization efficiency and solve the problem of low wind energy utilization efficiency and high power density of conventional wind turbines. It is especially suitable for typhoon-resistant floating wind turbines in deep seas. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine in this embodiment adopts each impeller to be connected to a wind turbine to form a distributed power generation unit with a small power level. The existing small-power wind power generation technology is relatively mature and solves the problem of large-capacity wind power. The problem of high unit manufacturing cost. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, an impeller set 5 is installed at each end of the nacelle 4. The two impeller sets 5 constitute an Improve the wind energy utilization efficiency of the unit. In this embodiment, the impeller set 5 installed at both ends of the nacelle 4 has an independent gearbox and a permanent magnet synchronous generator. The transmission shaft of the impeller set 5 drives the main shaft of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to rotate through the gearbox to generate electricity.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the support arm 3 is an L-shaped arm with two moment arms, one long and one short. The middle part of the L-shaped arm is rotationally connected to the floating platform 1 through a rotating shaft. The L-shaped arm The longer moment arm is the unit support arm 31 used to install the nacelle 4 and the impeller unit 5, and the shorter moment arm is the counterweight support arm 32 used to counterweight the unit support arm 31, the nacelle 4 and the impeller. Group 5 is installed on the unit support arm 31, and the counterweight support arm 32 is connected to the traction rope of the hoisting mechanism 6 installed on the floating platform 1 to realize the height adjustment of the center of gravity of the nacelle 4 and impeller group 5. This embodiment adopts the technical means of double L-shaped lifting arms, and adjusts the height of the unit by controlling the hoisting mechanism 6, which solves the problem of the unadjustable center of gravity of the conventional unit. Under normal working conditions, the center of gravity is raised to capture wind energy in higher areas and strengthen the Under typhoon extreme conditions, the center of gravity is lowered to reduce the load on the unit; at the same time, the adjustable center of gravity can solve the problems of high assembly and shipping costs of conventional large-capacity units. The winch mechanism 6 drives the support arm 3 to rotate relative to the floating platform 1. Since the unit support arm 31 and the counterweight support arm 32 have different lengths, the support arm 3 can adjust the height of the center of gravity of the cabin 4 based on a lever-like principle. , and the 4 support structures of the engine room are all rigid structures, which ensures that when facing typhoon conditions, the engine room can be lowered to reduce stress, prevent irreversible damage to the unit, and safely survive the typhoon conditions. In this embodiment, both the unit support arm 31 and the counterweight support arm 32 have an elliptical tower structure. Annular reinforcing ribs are provided inside the tower, and transverse partitions with holes in the middle are installed at intervals to ensure the bending resistance of the support arms.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the impeller set 5 is composed of a hub and two fan blades, and the permanent magnet synchronous generator is controlled through software so that the front and rear impellers of the two impeller sets 5 form an included angle of 90 when working. ° state and when stopped, the front and rear impellers are parallel. The front and rear double impellers use soft connection technology to control the permanent magnet synchronous generator through software. Under normal working conditions, the front and rear impellers maintain an included angle of 90°, which solves the problem of operational stability of the double impeller unit; in the shutdown state, the front and rear impellers are aligned with each other. The parallel state of the support arms solves the problem of damage caused by waves hitting the blades.

In addition, considering that existing floating wind turbines mostly adopt multi-point mooring methods, active yawing is adopted when facing changes in wind direction, and the wind is controlled through the yaw bearing inside the cabin. This method will cause problems when the unit size and weight increase. The strength requirements of yaw bearings are too high and difficult to implement in engineering, which hinders the large-scale development of floating wind turbines. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the mooring component 2 is connected to the floating platform 1 through a connection point to achieve single-point mooring, and a pair of arms 3 and the mooring component 2 are respectively located on the floating platform. Different sides of 1 can realize passive yaw that automatically tracks changes in wind direction. Mooring component 2 uses single-point mooring technology to realize passive yaw that automatically tracks changes in wind direction. It eliminates the yaw mechanism in the cabin and solves the problem of large-capacity The wind turbine yaw system has problems such as large volume, weight, and large yaw load. In this embodiment, the connection point may be a bearing or a connecting ring to ensure that the floating platform 1 and the mooring component 2 can rotate relative to each other.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the floating platform 1 in this embodiment includes three pontoons 11. The three pontoons 11 are arranged in a triangular shape and the two adjacent pontoons 11 are connected by at least one beam 12. A support arm 3 is installed on the top of two of the pontoons 11. The remaining pontoon 11 is connected to the mooring assembly 2. Through the above structure, the two sides of the triangle can be more stable during passive yaw that automatically tracks changes in wind direction. . As a preferred implementation, in this embodiment, the three pontoons 11 are all equipped with ballast water tanks, and the stability of the floating platform 1 is controlled by adjusting the amount of water inside the pontoons 11 .

In this embodiment, the mooring component 2 includes one or more anchor chains, and the upper end of the anchor chain is connected to the floating platform 1 through a rotating mechanism, thereby suppressing the impact of waves on the mooring component 2 from being transmitted to the floating platform 1 . In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism is specifically a bearing. In addition, nested rings may also be used to realize the rotatable connection between the upper end of the anchor chain and the floating platform 1 . As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the mooring assembly 2 includes three anchor chains. The upper end of the anchor chain is installed at the bottom of the buoy 11, and the lower end is used to be fixed to the seabed through anchors or connectors. In addition, more or less anchor chains can be used as needed. It should be understood that the present invention does not limit the number and distribution form of the above-mentioned anchor chains, as long as the number and distribution form can meet the usage requirements.

In this embodiment, the angle between the unit support arm 31 and the counterweight support arm 32 is an obtuse angle, so that the rotation angle of the support arm 3 is less than 90°, and based on the counterweight of the counterweight support arm 32, the support arm 3 can Less torque is required when descending from the highest position.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, a reinforcing connecting rod 34 is also connected between the ends of the unit support arm 31 and the counterweight support arm 32. The reinforcing connecting rod 34, the unit support arm 31 and the counterweight support arm 32 are arranged in a triangle, so that the unit support arm 31 and the counterweight support arm 32 can realize the lifting and lowering of the center of gravity while ensuring the structural strength and stress performance of the support arm 3.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the end of the counterweight arm 32 is provided with a counterweight block 33, and the floating platform 1 is provided with a counterweight support 13 at the lower part of the counterweight block 33. The counterweight support 13 There is an arc-shaped groove on the top surface for cooperating and fixing the counter-weight block 33 when the counter-weight block 33 is put into the arc-shaped groove in the working power generation state. In this embodiment, the end of the counter-weight arm 32 is provided with an arc-shaped groove. There is a counterweight block 33, so that the weight of the arm formed by the counterweight arm 32 and the counterweight block 33 is similar to the weight of the arm formed by the unit support arm 31, the nacelle 4 and the impeller group 5 (but not equal), reducing the moment difference between the left and right sides, which can reduce the stress of the arm 3. The floating platform 1 is provided with a counterweight support 13 at the lower part of the counterweight block 33, and an arc-shaped recess is provided on the top surface of the counterweight support 13 The groove is used to cooperate with the fixed counterweight block 33 when the counterweight block 33 is placed into the arc-shaped groove in the working power generation state, so that the arc-shaped groove on the top surface of the counterweight support 13 in the working power generation state, The counterweight blocks 33 match each other, and the stress performance reaches the best state at this time.

In this embodiment, the hoisting mechanism 6 is arranged in the middle position between the two support arms 3, and the counterweight arms 32 of the two support arms 3 are connected to the traction rope of the same hoisting mechanism 6, making the structure more compact and also It can ensure the balance of forces on both sides and solve the problem of lack of structural stability of the unit under extreme working conditions such as typhoons. Under normal power generation conditions, the winch mechanism is tightened to make the support arm 3 stand up. Under the cut-out condition, the winch mechanism is relaxed to allow the support arm 3 to be lowered, thereby lowering the center of gravity. Undoubtedly, under the demand of the counterweight arm 32 based on the driving arm 3, the winch mechanism 6 can adopt the required alternative implementation methods according to the needs, including electric, hydraulic drive, pneumatic drive, and various drive modes. It can also be driven directly or indirectly through a transmission mechanism as needed.

The working principle of the typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine generator applicable to the deep sea in this embodiment is as follows: As shown in Figure 1, the typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine generator suitable for the deep sea in this embodiment is tightened and towed by the hoisting mechanism in the working state. The rope drives the unit support arm 31 to stand up to maintain an angle of 75 degrees with the horizontal plane, the counterweight support arm 32 is lowered, and the engine room 4 and the impeller unit 5 are raised. The counterweight block 33 connected to the counterweight support arm 32 is placed on the arc-shaped groove on the top surface of the counterweight support 13 to ensure that the unit support arm 31, its upper end nacelle 4 and the impeller assembly 5 form one side of the arm. The weight is similar (but not equal) to the weight of the other arm formed by the counterweight arm 32 and the counterweight block 33, which reduces the moment difference between the left and right sides and reduces the stress on the arm 3. The two front and rear permanent magnet synchronous generators inside the nacelle 4 realize the same speed and direction operation through software synchronization, ensuring that the angle between the two front and rear impeller sets 5 is maintained at 90 degrees, ensuring two high-efficiency wind energy capture, and ensuring the operating status of the unit stability under. This embodiment is suitable for typhoon-resistant floating wind turbines in deep seas. Under cut-out conditions when encountering strong/typhoon environments, the hoisting mechanism relaxes the traction rope and the support arm 3 rotates. Since the unit support arm 31 and its upper end nacelle 4 are The weight of one side arm formed by the impeller set 5 is greater than the weight of the other side arm formed by the counterweight arm 32 and the counterweight block 33, so that the unit support arm 31 gradually lowers and the counterweight arm 32 gradually rises. The height of the nacelle 4 and the impeller assembly 5 gradually decreases. The lowering range of the unit support arm 31 is between 15 degrees and 75 degrees from the horizontal plane, ensuring that the moment on one side of the cabin 4 does not exceed the bearing capacity range of the unit support arm 31. The counterweight block connected to the counterweight support arm 32 33 is raised to ensure that the moments of the engine room 4 and the impeller group 5 at the upper end of the unit support arm 31 are similar to the lower end of the counterweight support arm 32, to maintain a balanced force on both sides, and to significantly reduce the stress on the support arm 3, the two impellers at the front and rear of the engine room 4 Group 5 remains locked parallel to the unit support arm 31 to ensure that the blades are not affected by waves.

To sum up, this embodiment is suitable for typhoon-resistant floating wind turbines in deep seas and includes a floating platform 1 with a mooring component 2. The floating platform 1 is provided with a height-adjustable support arm 3. The support arm 3 There is a nacelle 4 on the top, and an impeller set 5 is installed on the nacelle 4. The height adjustment of the nacelle 4 and the impeller set 5 can be realized by adjusting the height of the support arm 3, so that the nacelle can be lowered to reduce stress and prevent The unit can survive irreversible damage and survive typhoon conditions safely, which is especially suitable for wind power generation in deep seas. Moreover, this feature can also adjust the height of the nacelle and impeller assembly according to different wind conditions to improve wind energy utilization efficiency and increase the rated power of the unit. , has the advantages of lightweight, low cost, adjustable center of gravity, stable structure, high power density, and efficient wind energy capture.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. All technical solutions that fall under the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas, characterized in that it includes a floating platform (1) with a mooring assembly (2), and a pair of supports are provided on the floating platform (1). Arm (3), the top of the arm (3) is provided with a nacelle (4), and an impeller set (5) is installed at each end of the nacelle (4) to achieve two wind energy captures in the front and rear, and two The impeller set (5) is connected to an independent gearbox and a permanent magnet synchronous generator to form a distributed power generation unit with a smaller power level. 2. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas according to claim 1, characterized in that the support arm (3) is an L-shaped arm with two moment arms, one long and one short. The middle part of the L-shaped arm is rotationally connected to the floating platform (1) through a rotating shaft. The longer force arm in the L-shaped arm is the unit support arm (31) for installing the nacelle (4) and the impeller assembly (5). The shorter force arm is the counterweight arm (32) used to counterweight the unit support arm (31). The nacelle (4) and impeller assembly (5) are installed on the unit support arm (31). The counterweight arm (32) is connected to the traction rope of the hoisting mechanism (6) installed on the floating platform (1) to realize the height adjustment of the center of gravity of the engine room (4) and the impeller assembly (5). 3. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas according to claim 1, characterized in that the impeller assembly (5) is composed of a hub and two wind turbine blades, and the permanent magnet synchronous generator is controlled by software. The two impeller sets (5) are controlled so that the front and rear impellers are at an angle of 90° when they are working, and the front and rear impellers are parallel when they are stopped. 4. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas according to claim 1, characterized in that the mooring component (2) is connected to the floating platform (1) through a connection point to achieve a single point mooring. Mooring, and a pair of arms (3) and mooring components (2) are located on different sides of the floating platform (1) to achieve passive yaw that automatically tracks changes in wind direction. 5. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas according to claim 4, characterized in that the floating platform (1) includes three buoys (11), and the three buoys (11) are in the shape of Two adjacent pontoons (11) arranged in a triangular shape are connected by at least one cross beam (12), and a support arm (3) is installed on the top of two of the three pontoons (11). ), the remaining buoy (11) is connected to the mooring assembly (2). 6. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas according to claim 5, characterized in that the mooring component (2) includes one or more anchor chains, and the upper end of the anchor chain rotates The mechanism is connected to the floating platform (1). 7. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle between the unit support arm (31) and the counterweight support arm (32) is an obtuse angle. 8. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas according to claim 7, characterized in that there are reinforcements connected between the ends of the unit support arm (31) and the counterweight support arm (32). The connecting rod (34), the reinforced connecting rod (34), the unit support arm (31) and the counterweight support arm (32) are arranged in a triangle. 9. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas according to claim 2, characterized in that a counterweight block (33) is provided at the end of the counterweight arm (32), and the floating platform (1) There is a counterweight support (13) located at the lower part of the counterweight block (33), and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the top surface of the counterweight support (13) for power generation during operation. When the counterweight block (33) is placed into the arc-shaped groove, it is matched with the fixed counterweight block (33). 10. The typhoon-resistant floating wind turbine suitable for deep seas according to claim 2, characterized in that the hoisting mechanism (6) is arranged in the middle position between the two supporting arms (3), and the two The counterweight support arm (32) of the support arm (3) is connected to the traction rope of the same winch mechanism (6).