CN117488331A - Bipolar plate sealing structure for PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank - Google Patents
Bipolar plate sealing structure for PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN117488331A CN117488331A CN202311514353.9A CN202311514353A CN117488331A CN 117488331 A CN117488331 A CN 117488331A CN 202311514353 A CN202311514353 A CN 202311514353A CN 117488331 A CN117488331 A CN 117488331A
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/036—Bipolar electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a bipolar plate sealing structure for a PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolytic tank, belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and solves the problems of imperfect design and poor sealing performance of bipolar plates. The bipolar plate sealing structure comprises a bipolar plate with the front surface being an anode surface and the back surface being a cathode surface, and a cover plate and a sealing ring which are arranged on the outer side of the bipolar plate. The anode surface of the bipolar plate is sequentially provided with an anode inlet, an inlet distribution area, a first reaction area flow channel, a secondary distribution area, a second reaction area flow channel, an outlet distribution area and an anode outlet. The cathode surface of the bipolar plate is sequentially provided with a first cathode outlet, a first distribution area, a first flow channel area, a secondary flow distribution area, a second flow channel area, a second distribution area and a second cathode outlet. The cover plate is respectively arranged in the areas where the anode inlet, the anode outlet, the cathode outlet I and the cathode outlet II are positioned and covers the inlet distribution area, the outlet distribution area, the first distribution area and the second distribution area. The cover plate is matched with the sealing ring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, in particular to a bipolar plate sealing structure for a PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank.
Background
With the rapid global increase in demand for clean energy, water electrolysis has received widespread attention as an efficient, environmentally friendly energy conversion technology. Among them, a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer is used as a key component for achieving the electrolytic hydrogen production of water.
In the past decades, significant breakthroughs have been made in the PEM electrolyser field, and studies on the choice of materials, conductivity, and flow channel design of bipolar plates have been matured. However, the existing PE M electrolytic tank is still imperfect in terms of bipolar plate design and sealing structure, such as the problems of cross diffusion of gas (hydrogen-oxygen blowby), leakage of hydrogen and the like, and the problems of high contact resistance caused by poor contact between a bipolar plate and carbon paper, local hot spot burning of a membrane electrode caused by uneven gas-liquid two-phase distribution caused by overlarge flow resistance of a PEM polar plate, sealing difficulty and the like caused by cutting carbon paper under high pressure of a bipolar plate cathode runner.
The above-described problems with existing PEM electrolysers in bipolar plate designs and sealing arrangements limit the efficiency, stability and safety of the electrolyser, leaving room for great improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a bipolar plate sealing structure for PEM electrolysers, which solves the problems of imperfect bipolar plate design and poor sealing performance.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a bipolar plate sealing structure for a PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank, which comprises a bipolar plate with the front surface being an anode surface and the back surface being a cathode surface, and a cover plate and a sealing ring which are arranged on the anode surface and the outer side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate; wherein,
the anode surface of the bipolar plate is sequentially provided with an anode inlet, an inlet distribution area, a first reaction area flow channel, a secondary distribution area, a second reaction area flow channel, an outlet distribution area and an anode outlet;
the cathode surface of the bipolar plate is sequentially provided with a first cathode outlet, a first distribution area, a first flow channel area, a secondary flow distribution area, a second flow channel area, a second distribution area and a second cathode outlet;
the cover plate is respectively arranged in the areas where the anode inlet, the anode outlet, the cathode outlet I and the cathode outlet II are positioned and covers the inlet distribution area, the outlet distribution area, the first distribution area and the second distribution area; the cover plate is used for matching with a sealing ring connected with the cover plate;
the sealing ring is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate and covers the areas except the gas inlet, the inlet distribution area, the first reaction area flow channel, the secondary distribution area, the second reaction area flow channel, the outlet distribution area and the gas outlet on the anode surface of the bipolar plate or covers the areas except the cathode outlet I, the first distribution area, the first flow channel area, the secondary distribution area, the second flow channel area, the second distribution area and the cathode outlet II on the cathode surface of the bipolar plate; one side of the sealing ring is in sealing connection with the bipolar plate, and the other side of the sealing ring is in sealing connection with a membrane electrode frame of the PEM electrolytic cell.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the PE M electrolytic tank bipolar plate sealing structure with innovative sealing design is provided to improve gas separation efficiency and prevent hydrogen leakage, and the structural design realizes high-pressure sealing performance of the PEM electrolytic tank bipolar plate and can support sealing pressure exceeding 4MP a. This breakthrough design significantly improves the sealing performance of the PEM electrolyzer and reduces the risk of hydrogen leakage.
Based on the further improvement of the device, on the bipolar plate, the anode inlet of the anode surface is overlapped with the first area of the cathode outlet of the cathode surface, the first reaction area flow channel of the anode surface is overlapped with the first flow channel area of the cathode surface, the second reaction area flow channel of the anode surface is overlapped with the second flow channel area of the cathode surface, the secondary distribution area of the anode surface is overlapped with the second distribution area of the cathode surface, and the anode outlet of the anode surface is overlapped with the second area of the cathode outlet of the cathode surface.
Further, the bipolar plate is made of metallic titanium; and, in addition, the processing unit,
platinum is plated in a single flow passage of the first reaction area flow passage and the second reaction area flow passage of the anode surface on the bipolar plate; platinum is also plated in the single flow channels of the first flow channel region and the second flow channel region of the cathode face.
Further, on the bipolar plate, an anode inlet, an inlet distribution area, a first reaction area flow channel, a secondary distribution area, a second reaction area flow channel, an outlet distribution area and an anode outlet of the anode face are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the area formed by the first reaction area flow channel, the secondary distribution area and the second reaction area flow channel is rectangular; the anode inlet and the anode outlet are positioned on an upper diagonal and a lower diagonal of the rectangular area.
Further, on the bipolar plate, the inlet distribution area and the outlet distribution area of the anode surface are formed by a plurality of cylindrical convex points which are distributed in a dispersed way and a plurality of disconnected flow guide structures; wherein,
each disconnected flow guiding structure is distributed along the vertical direction;
all the cylindrical protruding points are arranged in a straight line shape, one side of each cylindrical protruding point is a corresponding inlet distribution area or outlet distribution area, and the other side of each cylindrical protruding point is a corresponding sealing ring or a disconnected flow guiding structure;
one side of all the disconnected flow guiding structures is provided with cylindrical convex points, and the other side is connected with a gas inlet or a gas outlet.
Further, each disconnected flow guiding structure is a disconnected flow guiding groove structure; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the area of the ridge of the flow passage area is larger than that of the flow passage groove in the first reaction area flow passage and the second reaction area flow passage of the anode surface on the bipolar plate;
the widths of the flow channels in the first flow channel region and the second flow channel region of the cathode surface are uneven, and the widths of the flow channel grooves are also uneven.
Further, each cover plate is made of titanium and is assembled on the bipolar plate by means of laser spot welding or bonding.
Further, a titanium felt clamping groove is arranged on the outer side of the anode surface of the bipolar plate, and a carbon paper clamping groove is arranged on the outer side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate; wherein,
the outer side of the anode surface of the bipolar plate is stuck with a titanium felt of the PEM electrolytic tank through the titanium felt clamping groove, and the outer side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate is stuck with carbon paper of the PEM electrolytic tank through the carbon paper clamping groove;
the size of the titanium felt is consistent with the peripheral size of the titanium felt clamping groove, and the size of the carbon paper is consistent with the peripheral size of the carbon paper clamping groove.
Further, the seal ring on the cathode surface side of the bipolar plate and the seal ring on the anode surface side of the bipolar plate overlap on both sides of the bipolar plate.
Further, a plurality of bolt holes for assembling the electric pile are arranged at the edge of the bipolar plate.
The summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the invention, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the anode face surface layout of a bipolar plate on a bipolar plate in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the layout of the cathode surface of a bipolar plate on a bipolar plate in example 1;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic layout of an anode side cover sheet of a bipolar plate on a bipolar plate in example 1;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic layout of a cathode side cover sheet of a bipolar plate on a bipolar plate in example 1;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic layout of the titanium felt card slot 13 on the bipolar plate in example 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the layout of the carbon paper clamping grooves 14 on the bipolar plate in example 2;
fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a seal ring-cover plate combination of the anode and cathode on the bipolar plate in example 2.
Reference numerals
1-anode inlet; 2-anode outlet; 3-anode flow field (including first reaction field flow field, second reaction field flow field); 4-bolt holes; 5-an inlet distribution zone; 6-a secondary distribution zone; 7-cathode flow channel region (including first flow channel region, second flow channel region); 8-cathode outlet I; 9-a second cathode outlet; 10-a secondary split zone; 11-anode cover plate; 12-cathode cover plate; 13-titanium felt clamping grooves; 14-carbon paper clamping groove.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The term "comprising" and variations thereof as used herein means open ended, i.e., "including but not limited to. The term "or" means "and/or" unless specifically stated otherwise. The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment. The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like, may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
Example 1
In one embodiment of the invention, a bipolar plate seal structure for a PEM electrolyzer is disclosed which aims to improve the durability of the PEM electrolyzer by optimizing the flow field layout and sealing performance of the bipolar plates. The bipolar plate sealing structure comprises a bipolar plate with the front surface being an anode surface and the back surface being a cathode surface, and a cover plate and a sealing ring which are arranged on the outer sides of the anode surface and the cathode surface of the bipolar plate, namely, a bipolar plate-cover plate-sealing ring combined sealing mode is adopted.
As shown in fig. 1, the anode surface of the bipolar plate is sequentially provided with an anode inlet 1 (electrolyte inlet, the electrolyte may be water), an inlet distribution area 5, a first reaction area flow channel, a secondary distribution area 6, a second reaction area flow channel, an outlet distribution area, and an anode outlet 2 (oxygen outlet). Liquid water enters the flow channel region from the anode inlet 1, is distributed to each reaction site under the flow equalization of the flow channel, and simultaneously generates oxygen, and flows out after accumulating in the flow channel, and a mixture of oxygen generated by reaction and water flows out of the PEM electrolytic cell from the anode outlet 2 together.
The inlet distribution area 5, the outlet distribution area may also comprise only flow guiding structures (not necessarily broken flow guiding structures) in addition to the structures described in example 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the cathode surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a first cathode outlet 8 (a first hydrogen outlet), a first distribution area, a first flow passage area, a secondary flow division area 10, a second flow passage area, a second distribution area and a second cathode outlet 9 (a second hydrogen outlet) in sequence. The cathode flow field 7 includes a first flow field and a second flow field.
The first distribution area, the second distribution area may comprise only flow guiding structures, such as trench structures.
The cover plates (including the anode cover plate 11 and the cathode cover plate 12) are respectively arranged in the areas where the anode inlet 1, the anode outlet 2, the cathode outlet 8 and the cathode outlet 9 are located, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, and cover the inlet distribution area 5, the outlet distribution area, the first distribution area and the second distribution area, namely, the cover plates cover the buffer areas of the inlet and the outlet. The purpose of the cover plate is to match the compression ratio of the sealing strip and remove the limitation of the gap between the channels of the bridge-crossing area (in order to match the sealing, the gap between the channels of the bridge-crossing area needs to be very narrow, otherwise, air leakage occurs, the flow rate is relatively large if the bridge-crossing area is very narrow, the dynamic pressure is large, and the flow distribution is deteriorated).
The sealing ring is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate and covers the anode surface of the bipolar plate except the anode inlet, the inlet distribution area 5, the first reaction area flow channel, the secondary distribution area 6, the second reaction area flow channel, the outlet distribution area and the anode outlet, or covers the cathode surface of the bipolar plate except the cathode outlet I8, the first distribution area, the first flow channel area, the secondary distribution area 10, the second flow channel area, the second distribution area and the cathode outlet II 9. One side of the sealing ring is in sealing connection with the bipolar plate, and the other side of the sealing ring is in sealing connection with a membrane electrode frame of the PEM electrolytic tank, so that the sealing between the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode is realized.
In practice, liquid water enters the first reaction zone flow channel through distribution after entering the inlet distribution zone 5 from the anode inlet 1, flows through the secondary distribution zone 6 during flowing, enters the second reaction zone flow channel after being further homogenized, and enters the anode outlet 2 through the outlet distribution zone. The bipolar plate cathode flow field 7 (comprising a first flow field and a second flow field) of the PEM electrolyzer produces hydrogen gas which carries liquid water transported across the anode from both gas outlets. Two outlets are arranged, so that the generation and flow of the hydrogen are more uniform. The secondary diversion area 10 and the secondary distribution area 6 have the functions that the flow channel area is disconnected to form a transverse flow area, so that the hydrogen and the water can be longitudinally transported and also can be transversely transported, and the uniformity is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment provides a bipolar plate sealing structure of a PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolytic tank with innovative sealing design, so that the gas separation efficiency is improved, hydrogen leakage is prevented, the structural design realizes the high-pressure sealing performance of the bipolar plate of the PEM electrolytic tank, and the sealing pressure exceeding 4MPa can be supported. This breakthrough design significantly improves the sealing performance of the PEM electrolyzer and reduces the risk of hydrogen leakage.
Example 2
The improvement on the basis of example 1 is that on the bipolar plate, the anode inlet 1 of the anode surface overlaps with the first region of the cathode outlet 8 of the cathode surface, the first reaction zone flow channel of the anode surface overlaps with the first flow channel region of the cathode surface, the second reaction zone flow channel of the anode surface overlaps with the second flow channel region of the cathode surface, the secondary distribution region 6 of the anode surface overlaps with the secondary distribution region 10 of the cathode surface, and the anode outlet 2 of the anode surface overlaps with the second region of the cathode outlet 9 of the cathode surface.
Preferably, the bipolar plate is made of titanium metal as a whole. And on the bipolar plate, platinum is plated in a single runner of the first reaction area runner and the second reaction area runner of the anode surface. Platinum is also plated in the single flow channels of the first flow channel region and the second flow channel region of the cathode face. Namely, all flow passage areas of the bipolar plate are plated with platinum, so that long-term durability and safety can be ensured.
Preferably, on the bipolar plate, the anode inlet 1, the inlet distribution area 5, the first reaction area runner, the secondary distribution area 6, the second reaction area runner, the outlet distribution area and the anode outlet 2 of the anode face are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The area formed by the first reaction zone flow channel, the secondary distribution zone 6 and the second reaction zone flow channel is rectangular. The anode inlet 1 and the anode outlet 2 are positioned on an upper diagonal and a lower diagonal of the rectangular region.
Preferably, on the bipolar plate, the inlet distribution area 5 and the outlet distribution area of the anode surface are formed by a plurality of cylindrical convex points which are distributed in a dispersed way and a plurality of disconnected flow guiding structures.
Preferably, each disconnected flow guiding structure is arranged in a vertical direction.
Preferably, all the cylindrical protruding points are arranged in a straight line shape, one side of each cylindrical protruding point is a corresponding inlet distribution area 5 or outlet distribution area, and the other side of each cylindrical protruding point is a corresponding sealing ring or a disconnected flow guiding structure. One side of all the disconnected flow guiding structures is provided with cylindrical convex points, and the other side is connected with a gas inlet or a gas outlet.
Preferably, each of the disconnected flow directing structures is a disconnected flow directing groove structure, as shown in fig. 3. And the area of the ridge of the flow passage area is larger than that of the flow passage groove in the flow passage of the first reaction area and the flow passage of the second reaction area on the anode surface on the bipolar plate. The flow channels in the first flow channel region and the second flow channel region of the cathode surface are designed by adopting uneven widths of ridge parts and uneven widths of flow channel grooves. The arrangement increases the contact area with the carbon paper, reduces the contact resistance, and protects the carbon paper from being crushed.
Preferably, each cover sheet is made of titanium and is assembled on the bipolar plate by means of laser spot welding or bonding.
Preferably, as a characteristic structure of the bipolar plate, a titanium felt clamping groove 13 is further arranged on the outer side of the anode surface of the bipolar plate, and a carbon paper clamping groove 14 is arranged on the outer side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate, as shown in fig. 5 and 6. Wherein the depth of the clamping groove and the height of the ridge of the runner are positioned on the same horizontal line. The outer side of the anode surface of the bipolar plate is stuck with titanium felt of the PEM electrolytic tank through the titanium felt clamping groove 13, and the outer side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate is stuck with carbon paper of the PEM electrolytic tank through the carbon paper clamping groove 14. The size of the titanium felt is consistent with the peripheral size of the titanium felt clamping groove 13, the size of the carbon paper is consistent with the peripheral size of the carbon paper clamping groove 14, and the design can reduce the assembly difficulty and improve the assembly consistency.
Preferably, the seal ring on the cathode side of the bipolar plate and the seal ring on the anode side of the bipolar plate overlap on both sides of the bipolar plate, as shown in fig. 7. The cathode sealing ring and the anode sealing ring are overlapped in double at the positions outside the inlet and outlet areas, so that the sealing is ensured. And the inlet and outlet areas are difficult to be sealed bilaterally due to the existence of the flow channels. Therefore, in order to match the compression ratio and ensure the sealing performance, a cover plate is arranged on the bridge crossing area, so that the whole sealing ring part can be tightly pressed, and the consistency of the compression ratio is improved.
Preferably, the bipolar plate has a plurality of bolt holes 4 at its edge for stack assembly. The electrolytic stack of the PEM electrolytic cell is fixed by inserting a screw into the bolt hole 4 during assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the bipolar plate sealing structure for the PEM electrolytic tank has the following beneficial effects:
1. the conductivity of the bipolar plate is optimized, the contact area is increased, and the contact resistance is reduced. This helps to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the electrolyzer and reduce the energy consumption, thereby further improving the hydrogen production efficiency and reducing the cost.
2. The innovative seal design and low contact resistance characteristics help to improve the safety and stability of PEM electrolysers, while also providing the potential for the development of high voltage electrolysis systems. The proposal has important practical value, application prospect and market potential in the field of hydrogen energy, and is hopeful to promote the further development and application of PEM electrolyzer technology.
3. The overall efficiency and durability of the PEM electrolytic cell are improved, the general 1:1 width ratio of the cathode flow channel of the bipolar plate is modified, the width of the ridge is improved, the contact area with carbon paper is increased, the contact resistance is reduced, and the ohmic resistance is reduced; the increase of the width of the ridge reduces the local pressure, slows down the damage to the carbon paper and improves the durability; the ratio of the ridge to the runner groove is moderate and is 4:1, and too wide ridge can influence the discharge of hydrogen, which is a balanced design scheme.
4. The uniformity of the anode liquid water is improved, the design of the buffer area and the scheme of secondary flow distribution of the flow channel enable the liquid water and the oxygen to be distributed in the flow channel by themselves, the possibility of local hot spot generation is reduced, and the whole pile safety is improved.
5. The assembling convenience is improved, and the clamping grooves of the carbon paper and the titanium felt are formed in the cathode and anode of the bipolar plate, so that the assembling is convenient, and the assembling consistency is improved.
6. The hydrogen-oxygen sealing performance of the bipolar plate of the PEM electrolytic tank is improved, the combination and collocation mode of the bipolar plate, the cover plate and the sealing ring is invented, the flexible design of the compression ratio of the sealing ring can be realized through high matching, and the problems of hydrogen-oxygen blowby, hydrogen leakage and the like can be solved.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or the improvement of the prior art, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The bipolar plate sealing structure for the PEM electrolytic tank is characterized by comprising a bipolar plate with an anode surface on the front side and a cathode surface on the back side, and a cover plate and a sealing ring which are arranged on the anode surface and the outer side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate; wherein,
an anode inlet (1), an inlet distribution area (5), a first reaction area flow channel, a secondary distribution area (6), a second reaction area flow channel, an outlet distribution area and an anode outlet (2) are sequentially arranged on the anode surface of the bipolar plate;
a cathode outlet I (8), a first distribution area, a first flow channel area, a secondary flow distribution area (10), a second flow channel area, a second distribution area and a cathode outlet II (9) are sequentially arranged on the cathode surface of the bipolar plate;
the cover plates are respectively arranged in the areas where the anode inlet (1), the anode outlet (2), the cathode outlet I (8) and the cathode outlet II (9) are positioned and cover the inlet distribution area (5), the outlet distribution area, the first distribution area and the second distribution area; the cover plate is used for matching with a sealing ring connected with the cover plate;
the sealing ring is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate and covers the areas except a gas inlet, an inlet distribution area (5), a first reaction area runner, a secondary distribution area (6), a second reaction area runner, an outlet distribution area and a gas outlet on the anode surface of the bipolar plate or covers the areas except a first cathode outlet (8), a first distribution area, a first runner area, a secondary distribution area (10), a second runner area, a second distribution area and a second cathode outlet (2) on the cathode surface of the bipolar plate; one side of the sealing ring is in sealing connection with the bipolar plate, and the other side of the sealing ring is in sealing connection with a membrane electrode frame of the PEM electrolytic cell.
2. A bipolar plate seal for a PEM electrolyser according to claim 1 wherein on the bipolar plate the anode inlet (1) of the anode face overlaps the first (8) cathode outlet of the cathode face, the first reaction zone flow channel of the anode face overlaps the first flow channel region of the cathode face, the second reaction zone flow channel of the anode face overlaps the second flow channel region of the cathode face, the secondary distribution region (6) of the anode face overlaps the secondary distribution region (10) of the cathode face, and the anode outlet (2) of the anode face overlaps the second (9) cathode outlet of the cathode face.
3. A bipolar plate seal for a PEM electrolyser as in claim 1 or 2, wherein the bipolar plate is made of metallic titanium; and, in addition, the processing unit,
platinum is plated in a single flow passage of the first reaction area flow passage and the second reaction area flow passage of the anode surface on the bipolar plate; platinum is also plated in the single flow channels of the first flow channel region and the second flow channel region of the cathode face.
4. A bipolar plate seal for a PEM electrolyser according to claim 3 wherein on the bipolar plate the anode inlet (1), inlet distribution (5), first reaction zone flow channels, secondary distribution (6), second reaction zone flow channels, outlet distribution, anode outlet (2) of the anode face are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the area formed by the first reaction area flow channel, the secondary distribution area (6) and the second reaction area flow channel is rectangular; the anode inlet (1) and the anode outlet (2) are positioned on an upper diagonal and a lower diagonal of the rectangular area.
5. The bipolar plate seal for a PEM electrolyser according to claim 4 wherein on the bipolar plate the inlet distribution area (5) and the outlet distribution area of the anode face are each made up of a plurality of cylindrical bumps distributed in a dispersed manner and a plurality of disconnected flow-guiding structures; wherein,
each disconnected flow guiding structure is distributed along the vertical direction;
all the cylindrical protruding points are arranged in a straight line shape, one side of each cylindrical protruding point is a corresponding inlet distribution area (5) or outlet distribution area, and the other side of each cylindrical protruding point is a corresponding sealing ring or a disconnected flow guide structure;
one side of all the disconnected flow guiding structures is provided with cylindrical convex points, and the other side is connected with a gas inlet or a gas outlet.
6. The bipolar plate seal for a PEM electrolyzer of claim 5 wherein each broken flow guide structure is a broken flow guide groove structure; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the area of the ridge of the flow passage area is larger than that of the flow passage groove in the first reaction area flow passage and the second reaction area flow passage of the anode surface on the bipolar plate; the widths of the flow channels in the first flow channel region and the second flow channel region of the cathode surface are uneven, and the widths of the flow channel grooves are also uneven.
7. The bipolar plate seal for a PEM electrolyzer of claim 6 wherein each cover sheet is titanium and is assembled to the bipolar plate by laser spot welding or adhesive bonding.
8. The bipolar plate sealing structure for the PEM electrolyzer of claim 7 characterized in that the outside of the anode face of the bipolar plate is also provided with a titanium felt clamping groove (13) and the outside of the cathode face of the bipolar plate is provided with a carbon paper clamping groove (14); wherein,
the outer side of the anode surface of the bipolar plate is stuck with titanium felt of the PEM electrolytic tank through the titanium felt clamping groove (13), and the outer side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate is stuck with carbon paper of the PEM electrolytic tank through the carbon paper clamping groove (14);
the size of the titanium felt is consistent with the peripheral size of the titanium felt clamping groove (13), and the size of the carbon paper is consistent with the peripheral size of the carbon paper clamping groove (14).
9. The bipolar plate seal arrangement for a PEM electrolyser of claim 8 wherein the seal ring on the cathode side of the bipolar plate and the seal ring on the anode side of the bipolar plate overlap on both sides of the bipolar plate.
10. Bipolar plate seal for PEM electrolysers according to claim 9, characterized in that at the edge of the bipolar plate there are a plurality of bolt holes (4) for stack assembly.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311514353.9A CN117488331A (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Bipolar plate sealing structure for PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311514353.9A CN117488331A (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Bipolar plate sealing structure for PEM (PEM) electrolytic tank |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118127544A (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-06-04 | 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 | Polar plate and electrolytic tank |
| CN119177460A (en) * | 2024-11-25 | 2024-12-24 | 深圳市氢瑞燃料电池科技有限公司 | Integrated polar plate for hydrogen production and preparation method thereof |
-
2023
- 2023-11-15 CN CN202311514353.9A patent/CN117488331A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118127544A (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-06-04 | 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 | Polar plate and electrolytic tank |
| CN119177460A (en) * | 2024-11-25 | 2024-12-24 | 深圳市氢瑞燃料电池科技有限公司 | Integrated polar plate for hydrogen production and preparation method thereof |
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