CN117458571A - Off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system and charging control method - Google Patents
Off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system and charging control method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L53/51—Photovoltaic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
- H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
- H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A grid-connected off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system comprising: the energy storage module comprises at least two energy storages for storing electric energy; the photovoltaic power generation module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and conveying the electric energy into the energy accumulator; the off-grid module is used for controlling the energy storage module to be connected with or disconnected from the grid; the charging module is used for transmitting the electric energy stored in the energy accumulator to the power receiving equipment; and the energy storage management module is used for controlling the energy storage module, the photovoltaic power generation module and the charging module. The parallel-off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system and the charging control method can stably charge the power receiving equipment, can avoid interference to a main power grid, and have good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chargers, in particular to a grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system and a charging control method.
Background
With the increasing attention of energy crisis and environmental pollution, electric vehicles with energy-saving and environment-friendly characteristics have become the development direction of the global automobile industry. Popularization of electric vehicles into people's daily life first solves the problem of charging of electric vehicles, if electric vehicles are directly connected into a main power grid for charging, the load of a power system can be greatly increased. In order to avoid the influence on the main power grid, one possible solution is to build an off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charger which can operate independently, so as to reduce the load impact of the electric vehicle on the main power grid during charging. The existing mainstream photovoltaic integrated charging machines in the market generally have the problems of low utilization efficiency of energy storage batteries, high photovoltaic power generation cost and the like, and the influence on a load curve of a power distribution network, the influence on system voltage deviation, the influence on system loss increase, the influence on system three-phase balance, the influence on the power supply range and short-circuit capacity of a transformer substation, the influence on system three-phase balance and the like are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system and the charging control method, which can stably charge the powered equipment, can avoid interference to a main power grid and have good economic benefit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following specific scheme: a grid-connected off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system comprising:
the energy storage module comprises at least two energy storages for storing electric energy;
the photovoltaic power generation module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and conveying the electric energy into the energy accumulator;
the off-grid module is used for controlling the energy storage module to be connected with or disconnected from the grid;
the charging module is used for transmitting the electric energy stored in the energy accumulator to the power receiving equipment;
and the energy storage management module is used for controlling the energy storage module, the photovoltaic power generation module and the charging module.
As a further optimization of the above-described off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system: the energy storage device comprises a plurality of energy storage batteries which are connected in series and/or in parallel.
As a further optimization of the above-described off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system: the photovoltaic power generation module comprises an MTTP controller and a plurality of photovoltaic power generation plates, and the MTTP controller is electrically connected with the energy storage management module.
As a further optimization of the above-described off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system: the grid connection and disconnection module comprises a bidirectional inverter, the energy accumulator is connected with a main power grid through the bidirectional inverter, and the bidirectional inverter is electrically connected with the energy storage management module.
As a further optimization of the above-described off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system: the charging module comprises a first charging unit and a second charging unit, the charging power of the first charging unit is larger than that of the second charging unit, and the first charging unit and the second unit are electrically connected with the energy storage management module.
The method for controlling the grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging is based on the grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system, and comprises the following steps:
the energy storage management module determines the electricity demand;
when the electricity demand exists, the energy storage management module controls the charging module to transmit the electric energy stored in the energy storage to the power receiving equipment, and when the electricity demand does not exist, the energy storage management module controls whether the electric energy needs to be supplemented to the energy storage according to the electric energy storage quantity of the energy storage;
when the energy storage is required to be supplemented with electric energy, the energy storage management module controls the photovoltaic power generation module or the grid-connected and off-grid module to supplement the energy storage with electric energy.
As a further optimization of the above-described off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging control method: the specific method for controlling the charging module to transmit the electric energy stored in the energy accumulator to the powered device by the energy storage management module comprises the following steps:
the energy storage management module acquires the electricity storage quantity of all the energy storages;
the energy storage management module determines that the energy storage device with the electricity storage quantity exceeding a preset first threshold value is a candidate energy storage device;
the energy storage management module ranks the electric storage amounts of all the candidate energy storages, and selects one candidate energy storage with the largest electric storage amount as a power supply energy storage;
the energy storage management module controls the charging module to transmit the electric energy stored in the power supply energy accumulator to the powered equipment.
As a further optimization of the above-described off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging control method: when the electricity storage amounts of all the energy storages do not exceed a preset first threshold value, the energy storage management module controls the grid-connected and off-grid module to switch the energy storages to a grid-connected state, and the main power grid is utilized to transmit electric energy to the powered equipment.
As a further optimization of the above-described off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging control method: the specific method for controlling the photovoltaic power generation module or the grid-connected and off-grid module to supplement the energy storage device with electric energy by the energy storage management module comprises the following steps:
the energy storage management module acquires the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module and the current electricity price of the main power grid;
when the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module reaches a preset second threshold value and the current electricity price exceeds a preset third threshold value, the energy storage management module controls the photovoltaic power generation module to supplement electric energy for the energy storage device;
when the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module does not reach a second threshold value, the energy storage management module controls and switches the energy storage device to a grid-connected state from the grid-connection module, and the main power grid is utilized to supplement electric energy for the energy storage device;
when the current electricity price does not reach the third threshold value, the energy storage management module controls the off-grid module to switch the energy storage device to a grid-connected state, and the main power grid is utilized to supplement electric energy for the energy storage device.
As a further optimization of the above-described off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging control method: when no electricity demand exists and the energy storage is not required to be supplemented with electric energy, the energy storage management module controls the grid connection and disconnection module to switch the energy storage to a grid connection state, and electric energy stored in the energy storage is transmitted to a main power grid.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, the energy storage module formed by the plurality of energy storages is used for charging the power receiving equipment, the plurality of energy storages are mutually complemented according to the electric storage quantity, so that the power receiving equipment can be stably supplied with power, and the effect of waiting and charging is realized; the photovoltaic power generation module and the main power grid supplement electric energy for the energy accumulator according to the photovoltaic power generation state and the current electricity price, and the energy accumulator, the photovoltaic power generation and the commercial power supply power for the charging pile together in the charging peak period, so that the power consumption requirement in the peak period is met, the peak clipping and valley filling are realized, the power distribution capacity increasing cost is saved, the stable power supply of the energy accumulator is fully ensured, the photovoltaic power generation module can be input into the main power grid, the consumption of new energy sources is increased, the defect of the discontinuity of the solar power generation is overcome, and the maximized economic benefit can be realized; the frequency modulation and peak regulation capability of the power grid are enhanced, the peak-valley difference of the load is reduced, and the energy storage utilization efficiency of the photovoltaic energy storage charging pile is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a DC bus of the charging system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a charging control method according to the present invention in the first embodiment when performing a quick charge;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of the charge control method according to the present invention in the second embodiment when the slow charge is performed.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system includes an energy storage module, a photovoltaic power generation module, an off-grid module, a charging module and an energy storage management module.
The energy storage module comprises at least two energy storages for storing electric energy.
And the photovoltaic power generation module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and conveying the electric energy into the energy accumulator.
And the off-grid module is used for controlling the energy storage module to be connected with or disconnected from the grid.
And the charging module is used for conveying the electric energy stored in the energy accumulator to the power receiving equipment.
And the energy storage management module is used for controlling the energy storage module, the photovoltaic power generation module and the charging module.
When the power receiving equipment is connected to the system and power is required to be transmitted to the power receiving equipment, the energy storage management module firstly selects a proper energy storage device to transmit power to the power receiving equipment according to the power storage quantity of the energy storage device in the energy storage module, all the energy storage devices can be mutually supplemented, the power cannot be transmitted to the power receiving equipment due to the insufficient power storage quantity of a single energy storage device, and waiting of a user is avoided; after determining that the energy storage device is good for delivering the electric energy to the powered device, the energy storage management module controls the charging module to deliver the electric energy stored in the energy storage device to the device.
When the electric energy stored in the energy storage device cannot meet the requirement of electric energy transmission to the power receiving equipment, the energy storage device can be supplemented by the photovoltaic power generation module, or the energy storage device is switched to a grid-connected state by the grid-connected and off-grid module, the energy storage device is supplemented by the main power grid, a proper mode for supplementing the electric energy to the energy storage device can be selected according to the power generation state of the current photovoltaic power generation module and the current electricity price of the main power grid, specifically, when the illumination condition is good in daytime, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation module is good, and the current electricity price of the main power grid is high, the electric energy is supplemented to the energy storage device by the photovoltaic power generation module, and when the illumination condition is poor at night, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation module is poor, and the current electricity price of the main power grid is low, the electric energy is supplemented to the energy storage device by the main power grid; when the daytime is worse, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation module is worse, and the current electricity price of the main power grid is higher, the main power grid can be used for supplying electric energy to the energy accumulator in a forced mode, and therefore the running stability of the whole system is guaranteed; when any mode of supplementing the energy accumulator cannot meet the energy storage requirement of the energy accumulator, the current power receiving equipment is excessively strong in requirement, and the main power grid can be used for conveying the electric energy to the power receiving equipment forcibly.
When the demand of the powered equipment is low, the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation module is large, and the energy storage state of the energy storage device is good, the energy storage management module can be used for controlling and switching the energy storage device to the grid-connected state from the grid-connection module, and redundant electric energy is transmitted to the main power grid, so that greater economic benefits are realized.
The energy accumulator is arranged in the following way: the energy storage device comprises a plurality of energy storage cells connected in series and/or parallel. Specifically, each energy storage battery is used as a basic battery unit, a plurality of energy storage batteries can be connected in series, in parallel or in combination to form a battery pack, the battery packs are further connected in series to form a battery cluster, and the battery clusters are connected in parallel and connected into the same direct current busbar, so that the energy storage device capable of meeting the required voltage and capacity is finally formed. Obviously, the more the energy storage batteries included in the energy storage device, the larger the total electric storage capacity of the energy storage device is, but the problems of increased equipment volume, increased heat dissipation difficulty and the like are caused correspondingly, and the energy storage batteries with proper quantity can be selected according to actual requirements.
The specific structure of the photovoltaic power generation module is as follows: the photovoltaic power generation module comprises an MTTP controller and a plurality of photovoltaic power generation plates, and the MTTP controller is electrically connected with the energy storage management module. The type selection of the MTTP controller and the type selection, the number and the installation mode of the photovoltaic power generation plates belong to the prior art in the field, and are required to be determined according to actual use scenes, and are not repeated here.
Because the energy storage device needs to be switched to the grid-connected state only when the energy storage device needs to acquire electric energy from the main power grid or transmit electric energy to the main power grid, the energy storage device should be kept in the off-grid state in the normal state so as to avoid mutual interference between the charging system and the main power grid, and particularly avoid interference to the main power grid. In order to facilitate switching of the grid-connected or off-grid state of the energy storage device, the off-grid module comprises a bidirectional inverter, the energy storage device is connected with the main power grid through the bidirectional inverter, and the bidirectional inverter is electrically connected with the energy storage management module.
In consideration of different power receiving devices, the generated charging requirements are different, and are generally mainly reflected in charging power, in order to meet the power receiving devices with different charging powers, the charging module comprises a first charging unit and a second charging unit, the charging power of the first charging unit is greater than that of the second charging unit, and the first charging unit and the second unit are electrically connected with the energy storage management module.
The method for controlling the grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging comprises the steps of S1 to S3 based on the grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system.
S1, an energy storage management module determines electricity consumption requirements. The power consumption requirement is mainly used for representing the condition of the power receiving equipment such as an electric automobile and the like on the requirement of electric energy, and when a user connects the charging gun with the power receiving equipment, the energy storage management module communicates with the power receiving equipment according to a handshake protocol to determine the power consumption requirement of the power receiving equipment. The specific communication process is well known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
S2, when the electricity demand exists, the energy storage management module controls the charging module to transmit the electric energy stored in the energy storage to the powered equipment, and when the electricity demand does not exist, the energy storage management module controls whether the electric energy needs to be supplemented to the energy storage according to the electric energy storage quantity of the energy storage. When the electricity demand exists, the existing power receiving equipment is connected with the charger and needs to be charged, the electric energy stored in the energy storage device is transmitted to the power receiving equipment, and the electric energy stored in the energy storage device is stable, so that the power can be stably supplied to the power receiving equipment; when the electricity demand does not exist, whether the energy storage device is supplemented with electric energy or not is controlled based on the electric energy storage quantity of the energy storage device, so that the electric energy storage quantity of the energy storage device can be maintained at a healthy level, and the charging device can be stably charged after the power receiving device is connected.
More specifically, a specific method for the energy storage management module to control the charging module to transfer the electric energy stored in the energy storage into the powered device includes S211 to S214.
S211, the energy storage management module acquires the electricity storage quantity of all the energy storages.
S212, the energy storage management module determines that the energy storage device with the electricity storage quantity exceeding a preset first threshold value is a candidate energy storage device.
S213, the energy storage management module sorts the electric storage quantity of all the candidate energy storages, and selects one candidate energy storage with the largest electric storage quantity as the power supply energy storage.
S214, the energy storage management module controls the charging module to transmit the electric energy stored in the power supply energy accumulator to the power receiving equipment.
In order to ensure that the power can be supplied to the powered equipment more stably, the invention adopts a plurality of energy storages to form the energy storage module, all the energy storages are mutually complemented, and the energy storage with larger electric storage capacity is preferentially selected as the power supply energy storage, so that the power supply interruption caused by the too low electric storage capacity of the energy storage is avoided. The first threshold may be determined according to actual situations, in this embodiment, the first threshold is set to 30% of the total storage capacity of the energy storage device, when the power supply energy storage device finishes supplying power to the power receiving device, it is determined again whether the storage capacity of the power supply energy storage device exceeds the first threshold, if yes, the power supply energy storage device still supplies power when the power receiving device is accessed subsequently, otherwise, among all the candidate energy storage devices, the second candidate energy storage device is selected in sequence to serve as a new power supply energy storage device, so that the process of screening the power supply energy storage device is avoided being repeated each time the power receiving device is accessed, and waiting time is shortened. After all the candidate accumulators supply power to the power receiving device as power supply accumulators, S211 is re-executed after the next power receiving device access.
Under some special conditions, the situation that the electricity storage amounts of all the energy storages cannot meet the requirement of supplying power to the powered device may occur, and at this time, in order to ensure that stable charging service can still be provided, when the electricity storage amounts of all the energy storages do not exceed a preset first threshold value, the energy storage management module controls and switches the energy storages to a grid-connected state from the grid-connected module, and the main power grid is utilized to supply power to the powered device.
In addition, for different powered devices, because the requirements of the powered devices on the charging power are different, the powered devices can be divided into two types of fast charging and slow charging according to the magnitude of the charging power, and the corresponding first charging unit is used for realizing the fast charging, and the second charging unit is used for realizing the slow charging. When the energy accumulator or the main power grid is utilized to carry out quick charging on the powered device, the first charging unit directly transmits the electric energy of the energy accumulator to the powered device; when the energy accumulator or the main power grid is utilized to slowly charge the powered equipment, the second charging unit comprises a direct current conversion module and an alternating current conversion module which are respectively used for converting the electric energy of the energy accumulator and the electric energy of the main power grid, the alternating current conversion module can adopt an AC/DC bidirectional converter, and the direct current conversion module can adopt a DC/DC bidirectional converter.
And S3, when the energy storage is required to be supplemented with electric energy, the energy storage management module controls the photovoltaic power generation module or the off-grid module to supplement the energy storage with electric energy.
Specifically, a specific method for controlling the photovoltaic power generation module or the off-grid module by the energy storage management module to supplement the energy storage device with electric energy includes S31 to S34.
S31, the energy storage management module acquires the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module and the current electricity price of the main power grid.
And S32, when the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module reaches a preset second threshold value and the current electricity price exceeds a preset third threshold value, the energy storage management module controls the photovoltaic power generation module to supplement electric energy for the energy storage device.
And S33, when the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module does not reach the second threshold value, the energy storage management module controls and switches the energy storage device to a grid-connected state by the off-grid module, and the main power grid is utilized to supplement electric energy for the energy storage device.
And S34, when the current electricity price does not reach the third threshold value, the energy storage management module controls the off-grid module to switch the energy storage device to a grid-connected state, and the main power grid is utilized to supplement electric energy for the energy storage device.
Because the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module can be changed along with the change of weather and is not stable, the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module needs to be acquired first, whether the energy storage can be supplemented with electric energy is judged, and the situation that even if the photovoltaic power generation module is connected with the energy storage, the electric energy cannot be smoothly supplemented with the energy storage is avoided. On the other hand, in the area with the step electricity price, the electricity price is higher because the electricity demand is large in the daytime, and the electricity demand is small at night, so the electricity price is lower, and when the electricity price is lower, the electricity is supplemented to the energy storage device by the main power grid, so that the charging system can stably operate. According to the invention, two factors are integrated, the photovoltaic power generation module is preferentially used for supplementing electric energy to the energy storage device, so that the lowest cost is realized, the main power grid is used for supplementing electric energy to the energy storage device when the current electricity price is low, and under the worst condition, namely, the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module is poor and the current electricity price is high, the main power grid can be used for supplementing electric energy to the energy storage device in order to ensure that the charging system can stably operate.
It should be noted that when the electric power stored in all the energy storages cannot meet the charging requirement, the main power grid is required to supply power to the charging equipment, at this time, the main power grid firstly transmits electric energy to the energy storages, then provides electric energy for the power receiving equipment through the energy storages, and the redundant electric energy is supplemented to the energy storages, so that the energy storages are supplemented with electric energy while charging the power receiving equipment, and higher operation efficiency is realized.
In order to achieve greater economic benefits, when there is no electricity demand and no need to supplement the energy storage, the energy storage management module controls and off-grid module to switch the energy storage to a grid-connected state, and transmits the electric energy stored in the energy storage to the main power grid.
Two specific examples are provided below to describe the charge control method of the present invention in detail. In two embodiments, the energy storage modules each include two energy storages, each of which is formed from a set of energy storage batteries, and is described as a set of energy storage batteries and a set of energy storage batteries, respectively, i.e., the first energy storage is described as a set of energy storage batteries, and the second energy storage is described as a set of energy storage batteries; the first threshold is set to 30%.
Embodiment one.
Referring to fig. 3, when the powered device is an electric vehicle and needs to be charged quickly, after the user connects the quick charging plug, the energy storage management module detects the charging requirement of the electric vehicle, then judges whether the electric quantity of the energy storage battery of the group a reaches 30%, if yes, the energy storage battery of the group a is used for charging the electric vehicle, and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the energy storage battery of the group B for charging, otherwise, judges whether the electric quantity of the energy storage battery of the group B reaches 30%, if yes, the energy storage battery of the group B is used for charging the electric vehicle, and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the energy storage battery of the group a for charging, otherwise, the main power grid is connected for charging the electric vehicle, and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the energy storage battery of the group a for charging until the electric quantity of the energy storage battery of the group a reaches 90%, and then the energy storage battery of the group B is charged.
Embodiment two.
Referring to fig. 4, when the powered device is an electric vehicle and needs to be charged slowly, after the user connects the slow charging plug, the energy storage management module detects the charging requirement of the electric vehicle, then judges whether the electricity storage capacity of the group a energy storage battery reaches 30%, if yes, the group a energy storage battery is used for charging the electric vehicle through the direct current conversion module, and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the group B energy storage battery for charging, otherwise, whether the electricity storage capacity of the group B energy storage battery reaches 30%, if yes, the group B energy storage battery is used for charging the electric vehicle through the direct current conversion module, and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the group a energy storage battery for charging, otherwise, the main power grid is connected for charging the electric vehicle through the alternating current conversion module, and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is transmitted to the group a energy storage battery for charging until the electricity storage capacity of the group a energy storage battery reaches 90%.
Finally, it should be further noted that the present invention is applicable to any powered device with a large requirement for charging power, and is not limited to the electric vehicle described in the above embodiment, and the above embodiment only uses the electric vehicle as an example, so as to clearly and explicitly describe the technical solution of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A parallel off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system, comprising:
the energy storage module comprises at least two energy storages for storing electric energy;
the photovoltaic power generation module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and conveying the electric energy into the energy accumulator;
the off-grid module is used for controlling the energy storage module to be connected with or disconnected from the grid;
the charging module is used for transmitting the electric energy stored in the energy accumulator to the power receiving equipment;
and the energy storage management module is used for controlling the energy storage module, the photovoltaic power generation module and the charging module.
2. An off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage comprises a plurality of energy storage cells connected in series and/or parallel.
3. The grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic power generation module comprises an MTTP controller and a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels, the MTTP controller being electrically connected to the energy storage management module.
4. The grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system of claim 1, wherein the grid-connected and off-grid module comprises a bi-directional inverter, the energy storage is connected to the main grid through the bi-directional inverter, and the bi-directional inverter is electrically connected to the energy storage management module.
5. The grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system of claim 1, wherein the charging module comprises a first charging unit and a second charging unit, wherein the charging power of the first charging unit is greater than the charging power of the second charging unit, and the first charging unit and the second unit are electrically connected with the energy storage management module.
6. A method for controlling on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging based on the on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging system as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the energy storage management module determines the electricity demand;
when the electricity demand exists, the energy storage management module controls the charging module to transmit the electric energy stored in the energy storage to the power receiving equipment, and when the electricity demand does not exist, the energy storage management module controls whether the electric energy needs to be supplemented to the energy storage according to the electric energy storage quantity of the energy storage;
when the energy storage is required to be supplemented with electric energy, the energy storage management module controls the photovoltaic power generation module or the grid-connected and off-grid module to supplement the energy storage with electric energy.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the specific method for controlling the charging module to transfer the electric energy stored in the energy storage to the powered device by the energy storage management module comprises:
the energy storage management module acquires the electricity storage quantity of all the energy storages;
the energy storage management module determines that the energy storage device with the electricity storage quantity exceeding a preset first threshold value is a candidate energy storage device;
the energy storage management module ranks the electric storage amounts of all the candidate energy storages, and selects one candidate energy storage with the largest electric storage amount as a power supply energy storage;
the energy storage management module controls the charging module to transmit the electric energy stored in the power supply energy accumulator to the powered equipment.
8. The grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging control method according to claim 7, wherein when the electricity storage amounts of all the energy storages do not exceed a preset first threshold value, the energy storage management module controls the grid-connected and off-grid module to switch the energy storages to a grid-connected state, and the main power grid is utilized to transmit electric energy to the powered device.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the specific method for controlling the photovoltaic power generation module or the off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging module to supplement the energy storage device with electric energy by the energy storage management module comprises the following steps:
the energy storage management module acquires the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module and the current electricity price of the main power grid;
when the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module reaches a preset second threshold value and the current electricity price exceeds a preset third threshold value, the energy storage management module controls the photovoltaic power generation module to supplement electric energy for the energy storage device;
when the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation module does not reach a second threshold value, the energy storage management module controls and switches the energy storage device to a grid-connected state from the grid-connection module, and the main power grid is utilized to supplement electric energy for the energy storage device;
when the current electricity price does not reach the third threshold value, the energy storage management module controls the off-grid module to switch the energy storage device to a grid-connected state, and the main power grid is utilized to supplement electric energy for the energy storage device.
10. The grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic energy storage charging control method according to claim 6, wherein the energy storage management module controls the grid-connected and off-grid module to switch the energy storage to a grid-connected state and to transfer the electrical energy stored in the energy storage to the main grid when there is no electrical demand and no need to supplement the energy storage with electrical energy.
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