CN117442743A - 一种复合中空多壳层微球的制备方法及药物释放应用 - Google Patents
一种复合中空多壳层微球的制备方法及药物释放应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及有机无机复合的异质中空多壳层材料,提供了一种复合中空多壳层微球的制备方法,包括如下步骤:1)对碳源进行水热反应,获得碳微球模板;2)将步骤1)得到的碳球模板分散于金属盐溶液中,得到固体前驱体;3)将步骤2)得到的前驱体进行焙烧处理,得到中空多壳层微球;4)将步骤3)得到的中空多壳层微球与含有聚合物或单体的溶液接触,得到复合中空多壳层微球。本发明所制得的载药微球能有效延长药物的缓释,并具有pH响应释放的效果,从而实现优异的抗菌性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机无机复合的异质中空多壳层材料,更具体而言,本发明涉及复合中空多壳层微球的制备方法及其作为抗菌药物缓释体系的载体的用途。
背景技术
人的生活环境里存在着大量细菌、真菌等微生物。从服装到电器,从塑料到建材,微生物无处不在。它们滋生在仪器、设备表面,导致物质的腐蚀、变质、发霉以及伤口化脓等,甚至威胁着人类的生命安全。因此,抗菌剂广泛应用于生产生活中,而抗菌材料的研发成为当今新材料的研究热点之一。传统的有机抗菌剂寿命较短,稳定性较差,长期使用对环境具有一定的危害,并且容易对人类的健康造成损害。而无机抗菌材料主要是金属离子和光催化型抗菌剂,其使用环境受到限制。相比之下,释放型抗菌剂在环境友好性、长效性、灵活性方面均具有较大优势,因此成为近年来的研究热点。
近年来,中空多壳层结构在分子递送领域引起了广泛关注。多壳层结构为分子的负载提供了不同的表面和内部空间。例如,壳层的外表面和内表面都允许分子的吸附和解吸,而由于物理屏障和局部浓度梯度,每个壳层的吸附和解吸速率不同。同样,每个壳层内的孔隙和相邻壳层之间的空隙也为分子的储存提供了空间,而药物分子的扩散速率受到物理屏障和浓度梯度的影响。因此,中空多壳层结构作为物质储库,可以通过一系列次序的阶段实现持续的释放。研究已经证明,中空多壳层作为一类药物载体,具有时空顺序性。然而,精确地控制药物分子对释放速率,对于多壳层载体而言仍然存在着巨大的挑战。
聚合物材料已被开发为各种小分子药物的载体。它们的聚合物外壳能够增加所负载的药物的稳定性,并且可以通过调控不同的交联度、表面电性等来调控载药性能,如降解性、pH响应性、环境相容性等。利用pH、温度等变化,可以开发对环境敏感的载体。通过亲水/疏水相互作用、共价键、范德华相互作用和静电相互作用,使用各种功能性高分子或门控分子将其接枝到中空多壳层材料的表面或孔道上,从而优化材料的物理化学特征。将有机聚合物与无机微纳材料相结合作为载体,是一种新的研究趋势。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述问题,提供一种复合的异质中空多壳层结构抗菌剂载体。其明显的优势在于:(1)长效抗菌能力强;(2)具有环境响应性;(3)灵活控制释放速率。本发明所制得的载药微球能有效延长药物的缓释,并具有pH响应释放的效果,从而实现优异的抗菌性能。
为达到上述目的,本发明提供了制备复合中空多壳层金属氧化物微球的方法,首先制备出中空多壳层微球;在其表面包覆聚合物,随后加入药物分子,以得到缓释体系。所述方法具体包括如下步骤:
1)对碳源进行水热反应,获得碳微球模板;
2)将步骤1)得到的碳球模板分散于金属盐溶液中,得到固体前驱体;
3)将步骤2)得到的前驱体进行焙烧处理,得到中空多壳层微球;
4)将步骤3)得到的中空多壳层微球与含有聚合物或单体的溶液接触,以便将聚合物包覆至所述中空多壳层微球表面,以得到复合中空多壳层微球,即,中空多壳层二氧化钛@聚合物复合结构;
5)将药物水溶液加入到步骤4)所制备复合中空多壳层微球的材料中,搅拌以完成对药物的负载。
在一些实施方案中,步骤2)中所述金属盐溶液包括1-3mol/L四氯化钛的水溶液或0.1-0.5mol/L四氯化钛的丙酮溶液。
在一些实施方案中,步骤3)中所述中空多壳层微球为通过次序模板法制得的单壳层、双壳层和三壳层的二氧化钛微球。
在一些实施方案中,步骤4)中所述的聚合物包括聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,聚乙二醇,单体包括盐酸多巴胺。进一步优选为,所述的聚合物为聚乙二醇,聚乙二醇作为一种生物安全的聚合物,广泛地应用于无机药物载体的修饰,以提高材料的生物相容性。结合聚乙二醇的pH敏感性和中空多壳层结构的多级相互作用,精确响应环境变化,控制载体的释放速率。
在一些实施方案中,步骤5)中所述药物水溶液的药物包括抗菌剂卡松,抗生素布洛芬、多西环素、降糖药物二甲双胍和抗肿瘤药物阿霉素中的一种或两种以上,其浓度为1mg/mL-100mg/mL。
在一些实施方案中,步骤4)中所述使用的聚乙二醇,包括聚乙二醇4000,聚乙二醇6000,聚乙二醇200000和聚乙二醇100000中的一种或两种以上。
在一些实施方案中,步骤4)中所述使中空多壳层微球与含有聚乙二醇的水溶液接触,包括在室温下搅拌所述混合液2-48小时。所述中空多壳层微球与含有聚乳酸-羟基乙酸的二氯甲烷溶液接触,超声乳化,逐滴加入到聚乙烯醇水溶液中,在室温下搅拌2-10小时;所述中空多壳层微球与含有盐酸多巴胺的水溶液接触,在室温下搅拌5-24小时。
在一些实施方案中,步骤4)中所述的聚乙二醇水溶液浓度包括为10-500mg/mL,优选为10mg/mL,100mg/mL和500mg/mL。所述的聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物的二氯甲烷溶液的浓度为1-50mg/mL,优选为20mg/mL。聚乙烯醇水溶液浓度为0.1%-2%所述的盐酸多巴胺水溶液的浓度为0.1-5mg/mL,pH为8.0-8.5。
在一些实施方案中,聚合物复合异质中空多壳层药物微球缓释体系,在酸性条件的刺激下,能够加快释放所负载药物,且酸性强弱不同,释放速率不同。
在一些实施方案中,聚合物复合异质中空多壳层微球药物载体,其酸性条件为pH<5;其药物是卡松或多西环素。
在一些实施方案中,中空多壳层药物缓释体系,其中所述的中空多壳层微球为三壳层的。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优势在于:
(1)本发明采用聚合物包覆的中空多壳层氧化物微球作为抗菌剂载体,与普通中空多壳层相比,除具有中空结构容纳大量药物,多壳层为药物释放提供物理阻隔等优点,更重要的是,功能化的壳层间的多级次相互作用使材料具有开关与调速功能,能够根据环境pH调控药物释放速率。
(2)本发明所采用的技术实现了温和条件下的聚合物修饰与药物装载,并便于调节高分子包覆量与药物装载量。修饰与装载同时进行,能够增加药物吸附深度,提高中空多壳层结构的空间利用率。
(3)本发明所用的载体具有pH开关的特点,该特点使得在无菌的中性环境下,开关关闭,大部分药物储存在载体中;在细菌或霉菌大量生存的低pH值的环境中,开关打开,且载体能够依据pH的不同调控释放速率。
为便于理解本发明,本发明列举实施例如下。本领域技术人员应该明了,所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本发明,不应视为对本发明的具体限制。
附图说明
图1(a)为本发明制备的单层TiO2空心球@聚乙二醇的透射电镜照片;
图1(b)为本发明制备的双壳层TiO2空心球@聚乙二醇的透射电镜照片;
图1(c)为本发明制备的三壳层TiO2空心球@聚乙二醇的透射电镜照片;
图2为本发明制备的三壳层TiO2空心球@聚乙二醇的激光共聚焦显微镜照片;
图3为以制备的单、双、三壳层TiO2空心球@聚乙二醇为载体装载有机抗菌剂卡松后的缓释性能曲线,图3(a)为实际-释放量曲线,3(b)为时间-释放率曲线;
图4为以制备的三壳层TiO2空心球@聚乙二醇为载体装载有机抗菌剂卡松后的pH响应释放性能曲线;
图5为以制备的三壳层TiO2空心球@聚乙二醇为载体装载抗生素多西环素后的pH响应释放性能曲线;
图6显示了一些细菌荧光照片,为抗菌剂卡松、实施例1-3制备的装载卡松的单壳层、双壳层以及三壳层TiO2@聚乙二醇的抗菌性能测试结果;图中第一行显示绿的荧光的为被异硫氰酸荧光素染色的全部细菌(死和活);第二行显示红色荧光的为被碘化吡啶染色的,为死菌;第三行为前两列的叠加,黄色为死菌,绿色为活菌;
图7为实施例4制备的三壳层TiO2@聚多巴胺的透射电镜照片;
图8为实施例5制备的三壳层TiO2@聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物的透射电镜照片;
图9为以制备的三壳层TiO2空心球@聚乙二醇为载体装载二甲双胍后的缓释性能曲线。
具体实施方式
本发明中,术语“中空多壳层微球”或“中空微球”均指具有空腔与多层结构、主要成分为金属氧化物的微球。换言之,金属氧化物形成该微球的壳体,而壳体内部大部分为非致密结构,能够容纳其他分子。“中空微球”的尺寸可以在200-1000nm,优选范围为500-800nm。
下面以具体实施示例对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明,但是不能以此限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
单壳层TiO2中空微球-卡松的制备及其缓释与抗菌性能研究,包括如下步骤:
(1)仪器与试剂
本发明实施例所用的烘箱是上海一恒DHG-9240A恒温干燥箱,所用的天平是天马衡基仪器的FA1204电子天平,所用搅拌器为IKA RCT Basic加热磁力搅拌器,所用马弗炉为中环实验公司箱式电阻炉SX2-5-12,所用紫外可见分光光度计为岛津仪器UV-1780。
所用的试剂为阿拉丁试剂公司的四氯化钛分析纯;所用卡松抗菌剂为郑州三三日化公司14%的卡松。
(2)单壳层TiO2微球的制备
单壳层TiO2微球的制备:将0.6g碳球分散到30mL 3M的四氯化钛溶液中,室温搅拌3小时后抽滤,用去离子水清洗3遍,置于70℃烘箱中干燥12小时,将所得的固体粉末置于马弗炉中,以2℃/min的速率升温到500℃,保温3h,自然冷却后得到单壳层TiO2空心球。
(3)单壳层TiO2微球@PEG-卡松的制备
将上述制备的6mg单壳层TiO2空心球加入到1mL去离子水中,分散均匀后,向其中加入1mL聚乙二醇水溶液,在室温下搅拌2小时之后,加入2mL 14wt%的卡松水溶液,室温下避光搅拌24小时。离心分离去上清,将得到的固体于35℃真空干燥12小时,备用。TEM照片显示于图1a。
(4)缓释性能测试
将5mg载有抗菌剂的聚乙二醇包覆的单壳层微球(即上述经真空干燥处理的固体物)室温分散于1mL去离子水中,接着将混合液转移至透析袋中(截留分子量:14000Da)。将透析袋置于100mL水中,每隔一段时间取上清液,测量在273nm下紫外可见光谱吸收度。根据紫外可见光谱标准曲线求得实际溶液中药物浓度及含量,与热重实验得到的药物装载量对比,得到释放率,进而得出释放率-时间对应曲线(图3中最上方的曲线)。
(5)抗菌性能测试
载有0.2mg卡松的微球与5mL LB琼脂培养基混合,每隔24小时向体系中加入200μL大肠杆菌溶液,使得细菌浓度为106CFU/mL。每隔一段时间取出200μL混合液体,使用异硫氰酸荧光素和碘化丙啶染色,并在第17天时于荧光电子显微镜下观察细菌生长情况。通过对比视野中死亡细菌的含量评估抗菌性能。荧光显微镜图显示在图5中第2列,其死亡细菌的比例为56%。
实施例2
双壳层TiO2中空微球-卡松的制备及其缓释与抗菌性能研究,包括如下步骤:
(1)仪器与试剂
本发明实施例所用的烘箱是上海一恒DHG-9240A恒温干燥箱,所用的天平是天马衡基仪器的FA1204电子天平,所用搅拌器为IKA RCT Basic加热磁力搅拌器,所用马弗炉为中环实验公司箱式电阻炉SX2-5-12,所用紫外可见分光光度计为岛津仪器UV-1780。
所用的试剂为阿拉丁试剂公司的四氯化钛分析纯;所用卡松抗菌剂为郑州三三日化公司14%的卡松。
(2)双壳层TiO2中空微球的制备
双壳层TiO2中空微球的制备:将0.6g碳球分散到30mL 3M的四氯化钛溶液中,40℃搅拌5小时后抽滤,用去离子水清洗3遍,置于70℃烘箱中干燥12小时,将所得的固体粉末置于马弗炉中,以2℃/min的速率升温到500℃,保温3h,自然冷却后得到单壳层TiO2空心球。
(3)双壳层TiO2中空微球@PEG-卡松的制备
将上述制备的6mg双壳层TiO2空心球加入到1mL去离子水中,分散均匀后,向其中加入1mL聚乙二醇水溶液,在室温下搅拌1小时之后,加入2mL 14wt%的卡松水溶液,室温下避光搅拌24小时。离心分离去上清,将得到的固体于35℃真空干燥12小时,备用。TEM照片显示于图1b。
(4)缓释性能测试
将5mg载有抗菌剂的聚乙二醇包覆的双壳层微球(即上述经真空干燥处理的固体物)室温分散于1mL去离子水中,接着将混合液转移至透析袋中(截留分子量:14000Da)。将透析袋置于100mL水中,每隔一段时间取上清液,测量在273nm下紫外可见光谱吸收度。根据紫外可见光谱标准曲线求得实际溶液中药物浓度及含量,与热重实验得到的药物装载量对比,得到释放率,进而得出释放率-时间对应曲线(图3中第二条曲线)。
(5)抗菌性能测试
载有0.2mg卡松的微球与5mL LB琼脂培养基混合,每隔24小时向体系中加入200μL大肠杆菌溶液,使得细菌浓度为106CFU/mL。每隔一段时间取出200μL混合液体,使用异硫氰酸荧光素和碘化丙啶染色,并在第17天时于荧光电子显微镜下观察细菌生长情况。通过对比视野中死亡细菌的含量评估抗菌性能。荧光显微镜图显示在图5中第3列,其死亡细菌的比例为84%。
实施例3
三壳层TiO2中空微球-卡松的制备及其缓释与抗菌性能研究,包括如下步骤:
(1)仪器与试剂
本发明实施例所用的烘箱是上海一恒DHG-9240A恒温干燥箱,所用的天平是天马衡基仪器的FA1204电子天平,所用搅拌器为IKA RCT Basic加热磁力搅拌器,所用马弗炉为中环实验公司箱式电阻炉SX2-5-12,所用紫外可见分光光度计为岛津仪器UV-1780。
所用的试剂为阿拉丁试剂公司的四氯化钛分析纯;所用卡松抗菌剂为郑州三三日化公司14%的卡松。
(2)三壳层TiO2中空微球的制备
3壳层TiO2微球的制备:将0.6g碳球分散到30mL 3M的四氯化钛溶液中,40℃搅拌5小时后抽滤,用去离子水清洗3遍,置于70℃烘箱中干燥12小时,将所得的固体粉末置于马弗炉中,以2℃/min的速率升温到500℃,保温3h,自然冷却后得到单壳层TiO2空心球。
(3)三壳层TiO2中空微球@PEG-卡松的制备
将上述制备的6mg单壳层TiO2空心球加入到1mL去离子水中,分散均匀后,向其中加入1mL聚乙二醇水溶液,在室温下搅拌1小时之后,加入2mL 14wt%的卡松水溶液,室温下避光搅拌24小时。离心分离去上清,将得到的固体于35℃真空干燥12小时,备用。TEM照片显示于图1c,激光共聚焦显微镜照片显示于图2。
(4)缓释性能测试
将5mg载有抗菌剂的聚乙二醇包覆的双壳层微球(即上述经真空干燥处理的固体物)室温分散于1mL去离子水中,接着将混合液转移至透析袋中(截留分子量:14000Da)。将透析袋置于100mL水中,每隔一段时间取上清液,测量在273nm下紫外可见光谱吸收度。根据紫外可见光谱标准曲线求得实际溶液中药物浓度及含量,与热重实验得到的药物装载量对比,得到释放率,进而得出释放率-时间对应曲线(图3中最下方的曲线)。
(5)pH响应释放性能测试
将1mg载有抗菌剂的聚乙二醇包覆的双壳层微球室温分散于1mL去离子水中,每隔一段时间离心分离,取出上清液,测量在273nm下紫外可见光谱吸收度。当释放达到平衡后,用HCl将溶液pH调至4,每隔一段时间离心分离,取出上清液,测量在273nm下紫外可见光谱吸收度,观察释放趋势。释放曲线显示在图4,结果表明在pH=4的环境下,药物释放量增加,因此该载体具有pH响应释放的性能。
抗菌性能测试:载有0.2mg卡松的微球与5mL LB琼脂培养基混合,每隔24小时向体系中加入200μL大肠杆菌溶液,使得细菌浓度为106CFU/mL。每隔一段时间取出200μL混合液体,使用异硫氰酸荧光素和碘化丙啶染色,并在第17天时于荧光电子显微镜下观察细菌生长情况。通过对比视野中死亡细菌的含量评估抗菌性能。荧光显微镜图显示在图5中第4列,其死亡细菌的比例为100%。
(6)防霉性能测试
地毯抗菌防霉性能按照国标GB/T 24346-2009执行。将聚酯纤维地毯裁剪为4cm×4cm的正方形试片,然后采用高压蒸汽法进行灭菌处理,灭菌温度为121℃,时间为20min。用负载了0.2mg卡松的三壳层TiO2中空微球@PEG对地毯进行处理,并将处理后的地毯片置于琼脂-葡萄糖培养基上。用滴管在地毯表明滴1mL配置好的黑曲霉菌孢子悬浮液,置于恒温恒湿箱中观察。28天后,地毯表面无霉菌生长,达到了0级抗菌标准。
实施例4
三壳层TiO2中空微球@聚多巴胺的制备,包括如下步骤:
3壳层TiO2微球的制备:将0.6g碳球分散到30mL 3M的四氯化钛溶液中,40℃搅拌8小时后抽滤,用去离子水清洗3遍,置于70℃烘箱中干燥12小时,将所得的固体粉末置于马弗炉中,以2℃/min的速率升温到500℃,保温3h,自然冷却后得到三壳层TiO2空心球。
将上述制备的10mg三壳层TiO2空心球加入到20mL pH=8.5的缓冲液中,然后加入25mg盐酸多巴胺。室温搅拌6h,离心分离,40℃真空干燥过夜。三壳层TiO2空心球@聚多巴胺的透射电镜照片如图6所示。
实施例5
3壳层TiO2中空微球@聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(TiO2中空微球@PLGA)的制备,包括如下步骤:
3壳层TiO2微球的制备:将0.6g碳球分散到30mL 3M的四氯化钛溶液中,40℃搅拌8小时后抽滤,用去离子水清洗3遍,置于70℃烘箱中干燥12小时,将所得的固体粉末置于马弗炉中,以2℃/min的速率升温到500℃,保温3h,自然冷却后得到三壳层TiO2空心球。
将聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物溶解在2mL乙酸:二氯甲烷1:1的溶剂中,将上述制备的5mg三壳层TiO2空心球分散到1mL去离子水中。分散均匀后,将二者混合,涡旋1min,超声2min,形成微乳液。然后将其逐滴加入2%的40mL聚乙烯醇(PVA)水溶液中,超声10min,在室温下搅拌5小时。将样品进行多次离心,并用乙醇清洗。随后,对离心所得的产物进行冷冻干燥。三壳层TiO2空心球@PLGA的透射电镜照片如图7所示。
实施例6
3壳层TiO2中空微球@PEG-布洛芬缓释平台的构建,包括如下步骤:
3壳层TiO2微球的制备:将0.6g碳球分散到30mL 3M的四氯化钛溶液中,40℃搅拌8小时后抽滤,用去离子水清洗3遍,置于70℃烘箱中干燥12小时,将所得的固体粉末置于马弗炉中,以2℃/min的速率升温到500℃,保温3h,自然冷却后得到单壳层TiO2空心球。
将上述制备的6mg单壳层TiO2空心球加入到1mL去离子水中,分散均匀后,向其中加入1mL聚乙二醇水溶液,在室温下搅拌1小时之后,加入2mL 200mg/mL的布洛芬溶液,室温下避光搅拌24小时。离心分离去上清,将得到的固体于35℃真空干燥12小时,备用。
缓释性能测试:将5mg载有布洛芬的聚乙二醇包覆的三壳层微球(即上述经真空干燥处理的固体物)室温分散于1mL去离子水中,接着将混合液转移至透析袋中(截留分子量:14000Da)。将透析袋置于100mL水中,每隔一段时间取上清液,测量在220nm下紫外可见光谱吸收度。根据紫外可见光谱标准曲线求得实际溶液中药物浓度及含量,与热重实验得到的药物装载量对比,得到释放率,进而得出释放率-时间对应曲线。结果如图8所示,表明聚乙二醇包覆的三壳层TiO2微球对布洛芬具有缓释性能。
实施例7
3壳层TiO2中空微球@PEG-二甲双胍缓释平台的构建,包括如下步骤:
3壳层TiO2微球的制备:将0.6g碳球分散到30mL 3M的四氯化钛溶液中,40℃搅拌8小时后抽滤,用去离子水清洗3遍,置于70℃烘箱中干燥12小时,将所得的固体粉末置于马弗炉中,以2℃/min的速率升温到500℃,保温3h,自然冷却后得到单壳层TiO2空心球。
将上述制备的6mg三壳层TiO2空心球加入到1mL去离子水中,分散均匀后,向其中加入1mL聚乙二醇水溶液,在室温下搅拌1小时之后,加入2mL二甲双胍水溶液,室温下避光搅拌24小时。离心分离去上清,将得到的固体于35℃真空干燥12小时,备用。
缓释性能测试:将5mg载有二甲双胍的聚乙二醇包覆的双壳层微球(即上述经真空干燥处理的固体物)室温分散于1mL去离子水中,接着将混合液转移至透析袋中(截留分子量:14000Da)。将透析袋置于100mL水中,每隔一段时间取上清液,测量在230nm下紫外可见光谱吸收度。根据紫外可见光谱标准曲线求得实际溶液中药物浓度及含量,与热重实验得到的药物装载量对比,得到释放率,进而得出释放率-时间对应曲线。结果如图9所示。当pH由7调整为4时,释放率增加,且经过多个循环,释放率达到100%。表明TiO2@聚乙二醇中空多壳层载体对二甲双胍的释放具有pH响应的性能。
本发明未详细说明的内容均可采用本领域的常规技术知识。
最后所应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制。尽管参照实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,都不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (10)
1.一种复合中空多壳层微球的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)对碳源进行水热反应,获得碳微球模板;
2)将步骤1)得到的碳球模板分散于金属盐溶液中,得到固体前驱体;
3)将步骤2)得到的前驱体进行焙烧处理,得到中空多壳层微球;
4)将步骤3)得到的中空多壳层微球与含有聚合物或单体的溶液接触,得到复合中空多壳层微球。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述金属盐溶液包括浓度为1-3mol/L四氯化钛的水溶液或浓度为0.1-0.5mol/L四氯化钛的丙酮溶液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中所述中空多壳层微球通过次序模板法制得的单壳层、双壳层和三壳层的二氧化钛中空多壳层微球。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤4)中所述的聚合物包括聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物或聚乙二醇,所述单体为盐酸多巴胺。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于:所述聚乙二醇包括聚乙二醇4000,聚乙二醇6000,聚乙二醇200000和聚乙二醇100000中的一种或两种以上。
6.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于:所述中空多壳层微球与含有聚乙二醇的水溶液接触,在室温下搅拌所述混合液2-48小时;所述的聚乙二醇水溶液浓度为10-500mg/mL;
所述中空多壳层微球与含有聚乳酸-羟基乙酸的二氯甲烷溶液接触,超声乳化,逐滴加入到聚乙烯醇水溶液中,在室温下搅拌2-10小时;所述聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物的二氯甲烷溶液浓度为1-50mg/mL,聚乙烯醇水溶液浓度为0.1%-2%;
所述中空多壳层微球与含有盐酸多巴胺的水溶液接触,在室温下搅拌5-24小时所述的盐酸多巴胺的水浓度为0.1-5mg/mL,pH为8.0-8.5。
7.权利要求1-6任一所述方法制备的复合中空多壳层微球在药物缓释体系方面的应用,其特征在于:将药物水溶液加入到步骤4)所制备的复合中空多壳层微球中,完成对药物的负载。
8.根据权利要求7所述应用,其特征在于:所述药物,包括抗菌剂卡松,抗生素布洛芬、多西环素、降糖药物二甲双胍和抗肿瘤药物阿霉素中的一种或两种以上。
9.根据权利要求7所述应用,其特征在于:在酸性条件的刺激下,复合中空多壳层微球药物载体能够加快释放所负载药物;
其中,所述的酸性条件为pH<5;所述的药物是卡松、多西环素中的一种。
10.根据权利要求7所述应用,其特征在于:所述的复合中空多壳层微球为三壳层的。
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