CN117439125A - Active control method and system for gravity energy storage power station - Google Patents
Active control method and system for gravity energy storage power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN117439125A CN117439125A CN202311387045.4A CN202311387045A CN117439125A CN 117439125 A CN117439125 A CN 117439125A CN 202311387045 A CN202311387045 A CN 202311387045A CN 117439125 A CN117439125 A CN 117439125A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active control method and system of a gravity energy storage power station, comprising the following steps: according to the running mode of the gravity energy storage power station, the active loss compensation of the station power is considered, the deviation between the active control target and the grid-connected point caused by the active loss of the station power is obtained, and the active control target of the gravity energy storage power station is subjected to discretization correction according to the power regulation characteristic of the gravity energy storage power station; according to the active control target of the discretized and corrected gravity energy storage power station, compiling a real-time starting combination and a starting mode adjustment of an energy storage unit in the gravity energy storage power station, and realizing continuous economic operation of the gravity energy storage power station; and determining a power distribution strategy among energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station according to the discretization corrected gravity energy storage power station active control target, and realizing economic dispatch, AGC quick response and SOC balance dispatch. The invention can adapt to the gravity energy storage power regulation characteristic and simultaneously give consideration to the economical and efficient operation of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power system control, and particularly relates to an active control method and system of a gravity energy storage power station.
Background
In order to solve the system balance problem of uncertainty of new energy power generation, multi-time scale energy storage is widely applied to power systems, and a power grid dispatching operation mode is gradually changed from 'source network charge' to 'source network charge storage'. The gravity energy storage power station is used for long-term energy storage, can be used as a mode of new energy distribution and storage, independent energy storage at the power grid side, peak clipping and valley filling at the user side, shared energy storage and the like, and meets the daily active balance adjustment requirement of the system.
The gravity energy storage power station is composed of a plurality of gravity energy storage modules, each energy storage module is provided with a generator motor at two sides of the gravity energy storage module, the generator motors at two sides respectively call the odd-even layer gravity blocks of the energy storage modules, when the energy storage modules charge or discharge outwards, the generator motors at two sides operate in groups and have similar power, and the power stable output of the energy storage modules and the load stable of a physical structure are ensured by alternately calling the gravity blocks. The energy storage module is an energy storage unit of the gravity energy storage power station, is used as a minimum scheduling control unit for active control of an Energy Management System (EMS), and is different from other types of power supplies, the gravity energy storage is to output active power outwards by means of lifting and descending of a plurality of gravity blocks, the power regulation is stepped, the minimum unit of the power regulation is the output power of one gravity block, and the value is the unit regulation power of the gravity energy storage power station.
When a gravity energy storage power station is put into a distant place and receives an automatic power generation control (AGC) instruction or a local tracking power generation plan, the power distribution of an active control target of the EMS system of the power station among energy storage units adopts an average distribution mode, and has the following defects:
(1) Under a low-load operation mode, the number of the energy storage units is large, part of the energy storage units run in zero power and the generator motor runs in no-load mode, standby loss exists, the power generation utilization efficiency is low, and the comprehensive energy efficiency is not improved;
(2) The response characteristic of the gravity block is loaded and reduced without considering the response scheduling increase and decrease output command of each energy storage unit in the station, so that the response time of the AGC command is long, and the comprehensive frequency modulation performance of the AGC is affected;
(3) The characteristic of the gradient of the gravity energy storage output adjustment is not considered, and when the target power is a non-integer multiple of the unit adjustment power, the active control target cannot be reasonably distributed, and the distribution result is executed without deviation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an active control method and system for a gravity energy storage power station, which can adapt to the gravity energy storage power regulation characteristic and simultaneously give consideration to the economical and efficient operation of the system.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the active control method of the gravity energy storage power station specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, according to the running mode of the gravity energy storage power station, taking station power active loss compensation into consideration, acquiring deviation between grid-connected point active power and active control targets caused by station power active loss, and carrying out discretization correction on the gravity energy storage power station active control targets according to the power regulation characteristics of the gravity energy storage power station;
step S2, according to the discretized and corrected active control target of the gravity energy storage power station, compiling a real-time starting combination of energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station, and adjusting a starting mode to realize continuous and economical operation of the gravity energy storage power station;
and S3, determining a power distribution strategy among energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station according to the discretized and corrected active control target of the gravity energy storage power station, and realizing economic dispatch, AGC quick response and SOC balanced dispatch.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
s1.1, determining an active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station according to the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station des ：
Wherein P is agc When the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is to put into remote operation, dispatching and issuing an AGC active control instruction; p (P) set When the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is in-situ operation, an active control target is set locally and manually; p (P) plan When the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is tracking according to a planning curve, the current value on the planning curve;
s1.2, the gravity energy storage power station takes the grid-connected point active power as an active control reference value P of the gravity energy storage power station pcc Determining the power consumption active loss compensation of the plant, and acquiring the deviation P between the grid-connected point active and the active control target by adopting a proportional integral control method to obtain the power consumption active loss compensation of the plant σ ：
Wherein, (P) des -P pcc ) Representing the active loss compensation of the station service electricity, K p Representing proportional integral, K of station service power active loss compensation I Integral coefficient representing power plant active loss compensation, t represents power plant active loss compensation time, t 0 Indicating the power consumption active loss compensation starting time of the factory;
step S1.3, deviation P σ And the total active power P of all energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station gen Adding to obtain an active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station considering the active loss of the station service electricity des,comp ；
S1.4, according to the power regulation characteristics of the gravity energy storage power station, the power consumption of the station service is consideredThe power control target of the power energy storage power station is rounded nearby according to the multiple of unit adjusting power, and the rounded power control target of the power energy storage power station is obtained
Wherein int () represents a rounding function, p u Adjusting power for a unit of the gravity energy storage power station;
s1.5, an active control target P of a gravity energy storage power station considering the active loss of station service electricity des,comp Upper limit P of (2) max Downward rounding to obtain the upper limit P of the rounded gravity energy storage power station max ' and the active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station is considered in consideration of the active loss of station service electricity des,comp Lower limit P of (2) min Upward rounding to obtain a lower regulation limit P of the rounded gravity energy storage power station min ′：
Wherein floor () represents a downward rounding function, ceil () represents an upward rounding function;
s1.6, adjusting the upper limit P according to the rounded gravity energy storage power station max ' and the lower limit P of the gravity energy storage power station after rounding min ' Power control objective for rounded gravity energy storage power stationDiscretizing correction is carried out to obtain an active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station with discretizing correction des,new ：
Further, step S2 comprises the following sub-steps:
s2.1, if the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is a remote investment, when the AGC active control instruction is tracked and scheduled, the energy storage unit in the gravity energy storage power station adopts a fully-opened mode, and the full capacity participates in the adjustment of the AGC active control instruction;
step S2.2, if the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is the on-site operation or the tracking plan curve operation, according to the gravity energy storage power station plan curve P plan And discretized modified gravity energy storage power station active control target P des,new And calculating a minimum starting-up combination scheme of the energy storage unit under the condition of meeting the target power, and adjusting a starting-up mode.
Further, in step S2.2, if the target power is the gravity energy storage power station discharge, and P des ≥p u The energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station are sequenced according to the sequence from the big SOC to the small SOC to form an energy storage unit sequence, and the minimum starting number of the energy storage units is obtained:
if the target power is charged for the gravity energy storage power station, and P des ≤-p u The energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station are ordered according to the sequence from small SOC to large SOC, an energy storage unit sequence is formed, and the minimum starting number of the energy storage units is obtained:
if |P des |＜p u The energy storage unit is completely stopped;
wherein n is the minimum starting number of the energy storage unit, i is the index of n, and P min,i 、P max,i The lower regulation limit and the upper regulation limit of the energy storage unit i are respectively provided.
Further, the gravity energy storage power station is put into an on-site running state, and if the adjustment range in the current starting mode does not meet the requirement of a planned value, the starting number of the energy storage units is increased according to a day-ahead power generation plan or a real-time power generation plan issued by scheduling;
under the discharging state of the gravity energy storage power station, sequencing the stopped energy storage units from big to small according to the SOC, adding the energy storage units to the current starting energy storage unit sequence, starting the starting process of the n+1 to k energy storage units, and entering an idle standby state in advance:
under the charging state of the gravity energy storage power station, sequencing the stopped energy storage units from small to large according to the SOC, adding the power storage units to the current power-on energy storage unit sequence, starting the power-on process by the n+1 to k energy storage units, and entering an idle standby state in advance:
wherein P is plan，15m For future 15 minutes plan value, P min,j 、P max,j Respectively a lower regulation limit and an upper regulation limit for the feeding of the energy storage unit j, wherein j is E [ n+1, k ]]K represents the maximum index number of the energy storage unit of the newly-added power-on machine.
Further, if the gravity energy storage power station continuously reduces the discharge power, the current discretization corrected gravity energy storage power station active control target P des,new And substituting the energy storage units in the starting state into a formula (6) according to the sequence of the SOC from large to small, and if the obtained minimum starting number of the energy storage units is reduced, selecting the energy storage units which do not enter a starting sequence to execute shutdown; if the gravity energy storage power station continuously reduces the charging power, the active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station subjected to current discretization correction des,new And substituting the energy storage units in the starting state into the formula (7) according to the sequence of the SOC from small to large, and if the obtained minimum starting number of the energy storage units is reduced, selecting the energy storage units which do not enter a starting sequence to execute shutdown.
Further, under the long-period operation of the gravity energy storage station, the SOC of the energy storage unit in the starting state is ordered from large to small and is recorded as [ K ] 0 ,…,K l ,…,K L ]Energy storage unit in shutdown stateThe SOC of (2) is ordered from big to small and is denoted as [ T ] 0 ,…,Ts,…,T N-L ]If the gravity energy storage power station discharges,delta is threshold value of SOC start-stop rotation, and Ts and K are calculated l Performing start-stop rotation, wherein Ts enters a sequence to be started, K l Entering a waiting sequence; if the gravity energy storage power station is charged,ts and K l And performing start-stop rotation, wherein N is the total quantity of the energy storage units, L is the total start-up number of the energy storage units, L is the index of L, and s is the index of the energy storage units which are stopped.
Further, in step S3, if the gravity energy storage power station is in the on-site point setting or the planned curve state, an economic allocation strategy is used to adjust the active control target of the energy storage unit; and if the gravity energy storage power station is in a remote state, selecting from a rapid distribution strategy and an SOC proportional distribution strategy, and adjusting an active control target of the energy storage unit.
Further, the specific process of adjusting the active control target of the energy storage unit by using the economic distribution strategy is as follows:
if the increment allocation capacity P of the gravity energy storage power station is increased dp More than 0, sequentially calling energy storage units with higher SOC according to the sequence of the SOC from large to small until the upper limit of the energy storage unit is reached or the energy storage unit is larger than a maximum command;
the allocation capacity P of the energy storage units with the calling sequence of i dp,i The method comprises the following steps:
if P dp,i ≤P db,i ，P dp,i ＝0；
If the increment allocation capacity P of the gravity energy storage power station is reduced dp The method comprises the steps of (1) sequencing from small to large according to SOC (state of charge), and preferentially calling an energy storage unit with lower SOC until reaching the lower limit of the energy storage unit or being larger than a maximum command;
the call isDistribution capacity P of energy storage units in order i dp,i The method comprises the following steps:
if P dp,i ≥-P db,i ，P dp,i ＝0；
Wherein P is dpmax,i For maximum command of energy storage unit i, P gen,i For the active power of the energy-storage unit i, P max,i For the upper limit of regulation of the energy storage unit i, P min,i For the lower regulation limit of the energy storage unit i, P dp ＝P des,new -P gen ，P gen Active power of the gravity energy storage power station;
active control target P of energy storage unit is adjusted by allocation capacity of energy storage unit i des,i ：
P des,i ＝P gen,i +P dp,i (12)。
Further, the specific process of adjusting the active control target of the energy storage unit by using the fast allocation strategy is as follows:
increasing incremental distribution capacity P of gravity energy storage power station during discharging dp More than 0, according to the current active power from small to large, selecting energy storage units with 0 power or smaller power preferentially, wherein the allocation capacity is not more than the regulation upper limit or more than the maximum command; reducing incremental distribution capacity P of a gravity energy storage power station dp The energy storage units with larger discharge power are preferably selected according to the current active power sequencing from large to small, and are not smaller than the lower regulation limit or larger than the maximum command;
increasing incremental allocation capacity P of gravity energy storage power station during charging dp More than 0, sorting from small to large according to the current active power, preferentially selecting an energy storage unit with larger charging power, and distributing capacity not more than an adjustment upper limit or more than a maximum command; reducing incremental distribution capacity P of a gravity energy storage power station dp And less than 0, sorting according to the current active power from large to small, and preferentially selecting 0 power or energy storage units with smaller power, wherein the allocation capacity is not less than the regulation lower limit or greater than the maximum command.
Further, the specific process of adjusting the active control target of the energy storage unit by using the SOC proportional allocation strategy is as follows: in a discharging or charging state of the gravity energy storage power station, carrying out power distribution among the energy storage units according to the dischargeable quantity proportionality coefficient or the chargeable quantity proportionality coefficient;
distribution capacity P of energy storage unit i dp,i The method comprises the following steps:
to the allocation capacity P dp,i And (3) checking:
if P dp,i ≤|P db,i |，P dp,i ＝0；
If P dp,i ＞min{P dpmax,i ,-P gen,i }，P dp,i ＝min{P dpmax,i ,-P gen,i }；
If P dp,i ＜max{-P dpmax,i ,P min,i -P gen,i }，P dp,i ＝max{-P dpmax,i ,P min,i -P gen,i }；
Wherein k is i Is a dischargeable or chargeable proportional coefficient of the energy storage unit i, in a discharge state,S i for the current value of SOC of the energy storage unit i, S max Is the upper limit of SOC, S min Is the lower limit of SOC; in the state of charge of the battery,P dp capacity allocation for increments of a gravity energy storage power station, P dp ＝P des,new -P gen ，P gen Active power of the gravity energy storage power station; p (P) dpmax,i For maximum command of energy storage unit i, P gen,i For the active power of the energy-storage unit i, P max,i For the upper limit of regulation of the energy storage unit i, P min,i Is the lower regulation limit of the energy storage unit i;
adjusting the presence of energy storage units by their distribution capacityWork control target P des,i ：
P des,i ＝P gen,i +P dp,i (14)。
Further, the invention also provides an active control system of the active control method of the gravity energy storage power station, which comprises the following steps: the system comprises an active control object modeling module, a measurement data acquisition and processing module and a gravity energy storage power station active control object calculation and distribution module in the gravity energy storage power station;
the active control object modeling module in the gravity energy storage power station is used for active control modeling and parameter maintenance of the gravity energy storage power station, the energy storage unit and the generator motor, and comprises the following components: maintaining the maximum active power, the minimum active power and the on-off state of the generator motor, and the charging and discharging state, the controllable state, the lower limit of the SOC, the upper limit of the SOC, the command dead zone, the maximum command of the energy storage unit, the control mode of the gravity energy storage power station, the remote on-site state and the power consumption compensation parameter of the service station;
the measuring data acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring the active power, the start-stop state and the generator rotating speed of a generator in the gravity energy storage power station, wherein the active power, the controllable state, the charge-discharge state, the active regulation lower limit, the active regulation upper limit and the SOC of the energy storage unit, and the gravity energy storage power station transmits AGC instructions in a parallel network active and dispatch mode;
the power control target calculation and distribution module of the gravity energy storage power station is used for calculating the power control target of the power station after the power consumption active loss compensation under different operation modes, and the power distribution is carried out on the controllable energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station through the adjustable capacity verification of the gravity energy storage power station, so that the active control targets of the energy storage units are obtained through calculation; the power distribution among the energy storage units supports an economical, fast and SOC-proportional distribution strategy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a method and a system for compensating active loss of station service electricity, which are used for compensating deviation between active and active control targets of grid-connected points caused by active loss of station service electricity and main transformer, and a starting combination and power distribution method which consider AGC working conditions of the gravity energy storage power station, so as to respectively realize low-load economic operation, AGC quick response and SOC balanced scheduling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the active control method of the gravity energy storage power station of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an active control method of a gravity energy storage power station according to the present invention, which specifically includes the following steps:
s1, according to the running mode of the gravity energy storage power station, the power consumption compensation of the station is considered, the deviation between the active control target and the grid-connected point active caused by the power consumption of the station is obtained, and according to the power regulation characteristic of the gravity energy storage power station, the power control target of the gravity energy storage power station is subjected to discretization correction so as to compensate the deviation between the active control target and the grid-connected point active caused by the power consumption of the station and the main transformer, and the purpose of minimum tracking deviation is achieved. The method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s1.1, determining an active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station according to the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station des ：
Wherein P is agc When the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is to put into remote operation, dispatching and issuing an AGC active control instruction; p (P) set When the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is in-situ operation, an active control target is set locally and manually; p (P) plan When the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is tracking according to a planning curve, the current value on the planning curve;
step S1.2, after power consumption and main transformer boosting, the active output of each energy storage unit in the gravity energy storage power station has a certain active loss to a grid-connected point, and the gravity energy storage power station is started in different starting modes and the energy storage module is horizontalThe working table number and the power consumption of the generator motor are large in difference, and a fixed station power compensation coefficient or compensation power is adopted and is not applicable to the gravity energy storage power station, so that the gravity energy storage power station takes the grid-connected point active power as the active control reference value P of the gravity energy storage power station pcc Determining the power consumption active loss compensation of the plant, and acquiring the deviation P between the grid-connected point active and the active control target by adopting a proportional integral control method to obtain the power consumption active loss compensation of the plant σ The tracking deviation caused by the uncertainty of the station service electricity is eliminated through a proportional component quick tracking instruction and an integral component, so that the unbiased adjustment of the active and active control targets of the point of connection is realized:
wherein, (P) des -P pcc ) Representing the active loss compensation of the station service electricity, K p Representing proportional integral, K of station service power active loss compensation p The recommended value range is 0.8-1.2; k (K) I Integral coefficient K representing active loss compensation of station service electricity I The recommended value range is 0.2-0.5; t represents the active loss compensation time of the station service electricity, t 0 Indicating the power consumption active loss compensation starting time of the factory;
step S1.3, deviation P σ And the total active power P of all energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station gen Adding to obtain an active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station considering the active loss of the station service electricity des,comp ；
S1.4, according to the power regulation characteristics of the gravity energy storage power station, rounding the gravity energy storage power station active control target considering the station power active loss according to the multiple of unit regulation power, ensuring that the energy storage unit can track without deviation, and obtaining the rounded gravity energy storage power station active control target
Wherein int () represents a rounding function, p u Adjusting power for a unit of the gravity energy storage power station;
s1.5, an active control target P of a gravity energy storage power station considering the active loss of station service electricity des,comp Upper limit P of (2) max Downward rounding to obtain the upper limit P of the rounded gravity energy storage power station max ' and the active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station is considered in consideration of the active loss of station service electricity des,comp Lower limit P of (2) min Upward rounding to obtain a lower regulation limit P of the rounded gravity energy storage power station min ′：
Wherein floor () represents a downward rounding function, ceil () represents an upward rounding function;
s1.6, adjusting the upper limit P according to the rounded gravity energy storage power station max ' and the lower limit P of the gravity energy storage power station after rounding min ' Power control objective for rounded gravity energy storage power stationDiscretizing correction is carried out to obtain an active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station with discretizing correction des,new ：
And S2, according to the discretized and corrected active control target of the gravity energy storage power station, compiling a real-time starting combination and a starting mode adjustment of an energy storage unit in the gravity energy storage power station, and reducing no-load standby loss by flexibly adjusting the starting and stopping states of a generator motor of the energy storage unit in the gravity energy storage power station so as to realize continuous economic operation of the gravity energy storage power station. The method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s2.1, if the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is a remote investment, when the AGC active control instruction is tracked and scheduled, the energy storage unit in the gravity energy storage power station adopts a fully-opened mode, and the full capacity participates in the adjustment of the AGC active control instruction;
step S2.2, if the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is the on-site operation or the tracking plan curve operation, according to the gravity energy storage power station plan curve P plan And discretized modified gravity energy storage power station active control target P des,new Calculating a minimum starting-up combination scheme of the energy storage unit under the condition of meeting target power, and adjusting a starting-up mode:
if the target power is discharged by the gravity energy storage power station, and P des ≥p u The energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station are sequenced according to the sequence from the big SOC to the small SOC to form an energy storage unit sequence, and the minimum starting number of the energy storage units is obtained:
if the target power is charged for the gravity energy storage power station, and P des ≤-p u The energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station are ordered according to the sequence from small SOC to large SOC, an energy storage unit sequence is formed, and the minimum starting number of the energy storage units is obtained:
if |P des |＜p u The energy storage unit is completely stopped;
wherein n is the minimum starting number of the energy storage unit, i is the index of n, and P min,i 、P max,i The lower regulation limit and the upper regulation limit of the energy storage unit i are respectively provided.
The gravity energy storage power station is in an on-site running state, if the adjustment range in the current starting mode does not meet the requirement of a planned value, the starting number of the energy storage units is increased according to a day-ahead power generation plan or a real-time power generation plan issued by scheduling; specifically:
if P in the discharging state of the gravity energy storage power station des ≥p u And P is plan，15m ＞P des If the future 15 minutes plan valueThe number of the started energy storage units is required to be increased, the stopped energy storage units are ordered from big to small according to the SOC, after the energy storage unit sequence of the current starting is added, the starting process is started by the n+1 to k energy storage units, and the idle standby state is entered in advance:
if P in the charged state of the gravity energy storage power station plan，15m ＜P des And P is plan，15m ＜-p u If (3)The number of the started energy storage units is required to be increased, the stopped energy storage units are ordered from small to large according to the SOC, after the energy storage unit sequence of the current starting is added, the starting process is started by the n+1 to k energy storage units, and the idle standby state is entered in advance:
wherein P is plan，15m For future 15 minutes plan value, P min,j 、P max,j Respectively a lower regulation limit and an upper regulation limit for the feeding of the energy storage unit j, wherein j is E [ n+1, k ]]K represents the maximum index number of the energy storage unit of the newly-added power-on machine.
If the gravity energy storage power station continuously reduces the discharge power, the active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station subjected to current discretization correction des,new And substituting the energy storage units in the starting state into a formula (6) according to the sequence of the SOC from large to small, and if the obtained minimum starting number of the energy storage units is reduced, selecting the energy storage units which do not enter a starting sequence to execute shutdown; if the gravity energy storage power station continuously reduces the charging power, the active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station subjected to current discretization correction des,new And an energy storage unit in a starting-up state, from small to large according to the SOCAnd (3) substituting the sequence into a formula (7), and if the obtained minimum starting number of the energy storage units is reduced, selecting the energy storage units which do not enter a starting sequence to execute shutdown.
Under the long-period operation of the gravity energy storage station, the SOC difference between the energy storage units in the starting state and the stopping state is overlarge, and one-time start-stop rotation operation is needed. And performing rotation operation according to the starting-up sequence of the stopped energy storage units and the stopping sequence of the started energy storage units by a one-to-one pairing mode of the started energy storage units and the stopped energy storage units. The SOC of the energy storage unit in the starting state is ordered from big to small and is recorded as [ K ] 0 ,…,K l ,…,K L ]Sequencing the SOC of the energy storage unit in the shutdown state from large to small, and recording as [ T ] 0 ,…,Ts,…,T N-L ]If the gravity energy storage power station discharges,delta is threshold value of SOC start-stop rotation, and Ts and K are calculated l Performing start-stop rotation, wherein Ts enters a sequence to be started, K l Entering a waiting sequence; if the gravity energy storage power station is charged,ts and K l And performing start-stop rotation, wherein N is the total quantity of the energy storage units, L is the total start-up number of the energy storage units, L is the index of L, and s is the index of the energy storage units which are stopped.
S3, determining a power distribution strategy among energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station according to the discretized and corrected gravity energy storage power station active control target, meeting power station scheduling control requirements under different working conditions, and realizing economic scheduling, AGC (automatic gain control) quick response and SOC (system on chip) balanced scheduling; specifically, if the gravity energy storage power station is in an on-site point setting or planning curve state, an economic allocation strategy is used for adjusting an active control target of the energy storage unit; and if the gravity energy storage power station is in a remote state, selecting from a rapid distribution strategy and an SOC proportional distribution strategy, and adjusting an active control target of the energy storage unit.
The power distribution of the gravity energy storage power station takes the active output of each current energy storage unit as a reference, and the power distribution is regulated or regulated downwards on the basis to meet the active control target requirement of the gravity energy storage power stationAdopting an incremental distribution mode to adjust the upper limit and the lower limit of the distributed regulating power of each energy storage unit, command dead zone and maximum command verification, and the incremental distribution capacity P of the gravity energy storage power station dp The calculation process is as follows:
P dp ＝P des,new -P gen
wherein P is gen Is the active power of the gravity energy storage power station.
The specific process of adjusting the active control target of the energy storage unit by using the economic distribution strategy is as follows:
if the increment allocation capacity P of the gravity energy storage power station is increased dp More than 0, sequentially calling energy storage units with higher SOC according to the sequence of the SOC from large to small until the upper limit of the energy storage unit is reached or the energy storage unit is larger than a maximum command;
the allocation capacity P of the energy storage units with the calling sequence of i dp,i The method comprises the following steps:
if P dp,i ≤P db,i ，P dp,i ＝0；
If the increment allocation capacity P of the gravity energy storage power station is reduced dp The method comprises the steps of (1) sequencing from small to large according to SOC (state of charge), and preferentially calling an energy storage unit with lower SOC until reaching the lower limit of the energy storage unit or being larger than a maximum command;
the allocation capacity P of the energy storage units with the calling sequence of i dp,i The method comprises the following steps:
if P dp,i ≥-P db,i ，P dp,i ＝0；
Wherein P is dpmax,i For maximum command of energy storage unit i, P gen,i For the active power of the energy-storage unit i, P max,i For the upper limit of regulation of the energy storage unit i, P min,i Is the lower regulation limit of the energy storage unit i;
by passing throughActive control target P of energy storage unit for adjusting allocation capacity of energy storage unit i des,i ：
P des,i ＝P gen,i +P dp,i (12)。
The gravity energy storage utilizes a plurality of energy storage units to form a time sequence combination to realize the output of different powers, the larger the power is, the more the energy storage units doing work are, the higher the energy density in unit time is, the faster the energy storage units are reduced, and the faster the power is reduced; conversely, the smaller the power, the fewer the energy storage units doing work, the smaller the energy density per unit time, the faster the energy storage units are loaded, and the faster the power is increased. By utilizing the characteristics, the power is increased or decreased to quickly respond to the AGC command, and the specific process of adjusting the active control target of the energy storage unit by using the quick allocation strategy is as follows:
increasing incremental distribution capacity P of gravity energy storage power station during discharging dp More than 0, according to the current active power from small to large, selecting energy storage units with 0 power or smaller power preferentially, wherein the allocation capacity is not more than the regulation upper limit or more than the maximum command; reducing incremental distribution capacity P of a gravity energy storage power station dp The energy storage units with larger discharge power are preferably selected according to the current active power sequencing from large to small, and are not smaller than the lower regulation limit or larger than the maximum command;
increasing incremental allocation capacity P of gravity energy storage power station during charging dp More than 0, sorting from small to large according to the current active power, preferentially selecting an energy storage unit with larger charging power, and distributing capacity not more than an adjustment upper limit or more than a maximum command; reducing incremental distribution capacity P of a gravity energy storage power station dp And less than 0, sorting according to the current active power from large to small, and preferentially selecting 0 power or energy storage units with smaller power, wherein the allocation capacity is not less than the regulation lower limit or greater than the maximum command.
Specifically, P dp > 0 and P dp When the energy storage unit is less than 0, the energy storage unit calculation process with the calling sequence of i is shown in formulas (11) and (12).
The specific process of adjusting the active control target of the energy storage unit by using the SOC proportional allocation strategy is as follows: in a discharging or charging state of the gravity energy storage power station, carrying out power distribution among the energy storage units according to the dischargeable quantity proportionality coefficient or the chargeable quantity proportionality coefficient;
distribution capacity P of energy storage unit i dp,i The method comprises the following steps:
to the allocation capacity P dp,i And (3) checking:
if P dp,i ≤|P db,i |，P dp,i ＝0；
If P dp,i ＞min{P dpmax,i ,-P gen,i }，P dp,i ＝min{P dpmax,i ,-P gen,i }；
If P dp,i ＜max{-P dpmax,i ,P min,i -P gen,i }，P dp,i ＝max{-P dpmax,i ,P min,i -P gen,i }；
Wherein k is i Is a dischargeable or chargeable proportional coefficient of the energy storage unit i, in a discharge state,S i for the current value of SOC of the energy storage unit i, S max Is the upper limit of SOC, S min Is the lower limit of SOC; in the state of charge of the battery,P dp capacity allocation for increments of a gravity energy storage power station, P dp ＝P des,new -P gen ，P gen Active power of the gravity energy storage power station; p (P) dpmax,i For maximum command of energy storage unit i, P gen,i For the active power of the energy-storage unit i, P max,i For the upper limit of regulation of the energy storage unit i, P min,i Is the lower regulation limit of the energy storage unit i;
active control target P of energy storage unit is adjusted by allocation capacity of energy storage unit i des,i ：
P des,i ＝P gen,i +P dp,i (14)
The invention also provides an active control system of the gravity energy storage power station, which comprises: the system comprises an active control object modeling module, a measurement data acquisition and processing module and a gravity energy storage power station active control object calculation and distribution module in the gravity energy storage power station;
the active control object modeling module in the gravity energy storage power station is used for active control modeling and parameter maintenance of the gravity energy storage power station, the energy storage unit and the generator motor, and comprises the following components: maintaining the maximum active power, the minimum active power and the on-off state of the generator motor, and the charging and discharging state, the controllable state, the lower limit of the SOC, the upper limit of the SOC, the command dead zone, the maximum command of the energy storage unit, the control mode of the gravity energy storage power station, the remote on-site state and the power consumption compensation parameter of the service station;
the measuring data acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring the active power, the start-stop state and the generator rotating speed of a generator in the gravity energy storage power station, wherein the active power, the controllable state, the charge-discharge state, the active regulation lower limit, the active regulation upper limit and the SOC of the energy storage unit, and the gravity energy storage power station is connected with the power and dispatch to issue AGC instructions;
the power control target calculation and distribution module of the gravity energy storage power station is used for calculating the power control target of the power station after the power consumption active loss compensation of the plant under different operation modes, and the power distribution is carried out on the controllable energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station through the adjustable capacity verification of the gravity energy storage power station, so that the active control targets of the energy storage units are obtained through calculation; the power distribution among the energy storage units supports an economical, fast and SOC-proportional distribution strategy.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the invention without departing from the principles thereof are intended to be within the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (12)
1. The active control method of the gravity energy storage power station is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, according to the running mode of the gravity energy storage power station, taking station power active loss compensation into consideration, acquiring deviation between grid-connected point active power and active control targets caused by station power active loss, and carrying out discretization correction on the gravity energy storage power station active control targets according to the power regulation characteristics of the gravity energy storage power station;
step S2, according to the discretized and corrected active control target of the gravity energy storage power station, compiling a real-time starting combination of energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station, and adjusting a starting mode to realize continuous and economical operation of the gravity energy storage power station;
and S3, determining a power distribution strategy among energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station according to the discretized and corrected active control target of the gravity energy storage power station, and realizing economic dispatch, AGC quick response and SOC balanced dispatch.
2. The method for controlling the power of a gravity energy storage power station according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 specifically comprises the following sub-steps:
s1.1, determining an active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station according to the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station des ：
Wherein P is agc When the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is to put into remote operation, dispatching and issuing an AGC active control instruction; p (P) set When the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is in-situ operation, an active control target is set locally and manually; p (P) plan When the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is tracking according to a planning curve, the current value on the planning curve;
s1.2, the gravity energy storage power station takes the grid-connected point active power as an active control reference value P of the gravity energy storage power station pcc Determining the power consumption active loss compensation of the plant, and acquiring the deviation P between the grid-connected point active and the active control target by adopting a proportional integral control method to obtain the power consumption active loss compensation of the plant σ ：
Wherein, (P) des -P pcc ) Representing the active loss compensation of the station service electricity, K p Representing proportional integral, K of station service power active loss compensation I Integral coefficient representing power plant active loss compensation, t represents power plant active loss compensation time, t 0 Indicating the power consumption active loss compensation starting time of the factory;
step S1.3, deviation P σ And the total active power P of all energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station gen Adding to obtain an active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station considering the active loss of the station service electricity des,comp ；
S1.4, according to the power regulation characteristics of the gravity energy storage power station, rounding the gravity energy storage power station active control target considering the station power consumption active loss according to the multiple of unit regulation power to obtain the rounded gravity energy storage power station active control target
Wherein int () represents a rounding function, p u Adjusting power for a unit of the gravity energy storage power station;
s1.5, an active control target P of a gravity energy storage power station considering the active loss of station service electricity des,comp Upper limit P of (2) max Downward rounding to obtain the upper limit P of the rounded gravity energy storage power station max ' and the active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station is considered in consideration of the active loss of station service electricity des,comp Lower limit P of (2) min Upward rounding to obtain a lower regulation limit P of the rounded gravity energy storage power station min ′：
Wherein floor () represents a downward rounding function, ceil () represents an upward rounding function;
s1.6, adjusting the upper limit P according to the rounded gravity energy storage power station max ' and the lower limit P of the gravity energy storage power station after rounding min ' Power control objective for rounded gravity energy storage power stationDiscretizing correction is carried out to obtain an active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station with discretizing correction des,new ：
3. The method of active control of a gravity energy storage power station according to claim 2, wherein step S2 comprises the sub-steps of:
s2.1, if the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is a remote investment, when the AGC active control instruction is tracked and scheduled, the energy storage unit in the gravity energy storage power station adopts a fully-opened mode, and the full capacity participates in the adjustment of the AGC active control instruction;
step S2.2, if the operation mode of the gravity energy storage power station is the on-site operation or the tracking plan curve operation, according to the gravity energy storage power station plan curve P plan And discretized modified gravity energy storage power station active control target P des,new And calculating a minimum starting-up combination scheme of the energy storage unit under the condition of meeting the target power, and adjusting a starting-up mode.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein in step S2.2, if the target power is a gravity energy storage powerStation discharges, and P des ≥p u The energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station are sequenced according to the sequence from the big SOC to the small SOC to form an energy storage unit sequence, and the minimum starting number of the energy storage units is obtained:
if the target power is charged for the gravity energy storage power station, and P des ≤-p u The energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station are ordered according to the sequence from small SOC to large SOC, an energy storage unit sequence is formed, and the minimum starting number of the energy storage units is obtained:
if |P des |＜p u The energy storage unit is completely stopped;
wherein n is the minimum starting number of the energy storage unit, i is the index of n, and P min,i 、P max,i The lower regulation limit and the upper regulation limit of the energy storage unit i are respectively provided.
5. The method for controlling the power of the gravity energy storage power station according to claim 4, wherein the gravity energy storage power station is put into an on-site operation state, and if the adjustment range in the current starting mode does not meet the requirement of a planned value, the starting number of the energy storage units is increased according to a day-ahead power generation plan or a real-time power generation plan issued by scheduling;
under the discharging state of the gravity energy storage power station, sequencing the stopped energy storage units from big to small according to the SOC, adding the energy storage units to the current starting energy storage unit sequence, starting the starting process of the n+1 to k energy storage units, and entering an idle standby state in advance:
under the charging state of the gravity energy storage power station, sequencing the stopped energy storage units from small to large according to the SOC, adding the power storage units to the current power-on energy storage unit sequence, starting the power-on process by the n+1 to k energy storage units, and entering an idle standby state in advance:
wherein P is plan，15m For future 15 minutes plan value, P min,j 、P max,j Respectively a lower regulation limit and an upper regulation limit for the feeding of the energy storage unit j, wherein j is E [ n+1, k ]]K represents the maximum index number of the energy storage unit of the newly-added power-on machine.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein if the gravity energy storage power station continuously reduces the discharge power, the current discretized modified gravity energy storage power station active control target P des,new And substituting the energy storage units in the starting state into a formula (6) according to the sequence of the SOC from large to small, and if the obtained minimum starting number of the energy storage units is reduced, selecting the energy storage units which do not enter a starting sequence to execute shutdown; if the gravity energy storage power station continuously reduces the charging power, the active control target P of the gravity energy storage power station subjected to current discretization correction des,new And substituting the energy storage units in the starting state into the formula (7) according to the sequence of the SOC from small to large, and if the obtained minimum starting number of the energy storage units is reduced, selecting the energy storage units which do not enter a starting sequence to execute shutdown.
7. The method for controlling the power of a gravity energy storage power station according to claim 6, wherein under the long-period operation of the gravity energy storage power station, the SOC of the power-on state energy storage unit is ordered from large to small and is denoted as [ K ] 0 ,…,K l ,…,K L ]Sequencing the SOC of the energy storage unit in the shutdown state from large to small, and recording as [ T ] 0 ,…,Ts,…,T N-L ]If the gravity energy storage power station discharges,delta is threshold value of SOC start-stop rotation, and Ts and K are calculated l Performing start-stop rotation, wherein Ts enters a sequence to be started, K l Entering a waiting sequence; if the gravity energy storage power station is charged, the power station is charged>Ts and K l And performing start-stop rotation, wherein N is the total quantity of the energy storage units, L is the total start-up number of the energy storage units, L is the index of L, and s is the index of the energy storage units which are stopped.
8. The method for controlling the active power of the gravity energy storage power station according to claim 2, wherein in the step S3, if the gravity energy storage power station is in an on-site set point or planned curve state, an economic allocation strategy is used to adjust the active power control target of the energy storage unit; and if the gravity energy storage power station is in a remote state, selecting from a rapid distribution strategy and an SOC proportional distribution strategy, and adjusting an active control target of the energy storage unit.
9. The method for controlling the active power of a gravity energy storage power station according to claim 8, wherein the specific process of adjusting the active control target of the energy storage unit by using the economic allocation strategy is as follows:
if the increment allocation capacity P of the gravity energy storage power station is increased dp More than 0, sequentially calling energy storage units with higher SOC according to the sequence of the SOC from large to small until the upper limit of the energy storage unit is reached or the energy storage unit is larger than a maximum command;
the allocation capacity P of the energy storage units with the calling sequence of i dp,i The method comprises the following steps:
if P dp,i ≤P db,i ，P dp,i ＝0；
If the increment allocation capacity P of the gravity energy storage power station is reduced dp < 0, according to SOCSequencing from small to large, and preferentially calling an energy storage unit with lower SOC until reaching the lower limit of the energy storage unit or being larger than the maximum command;
the allocation capacity P of the energy storage units with the calling sequence of i dp,i The method comprises the following steps:
if P dp,i ≥-P db,i ，P dp,i ＝0；
Wherein P is dpmax,i For maximum command of energy storage unit i, P gen,i For the active power of the energy-storage unit i, P max,i For the upper limit of regulation of the energy storage unit i, P min,i For the lower regulation limit of the energy storage unit i, P dp ＝P des,new -P gen ，P gen Active power of the gravity energy storage power station;
active control target P of energy storage unit is adjusted by allocation capacity of energy storage unit i des,i ：
P des,i ＝P gen,i +P dp,i (12)。
10. The method for controlling the active power of a gravity energy storage power station according to claim 8, wherein the specific process of adjusting the active control target of the energy storage unit by using the fast allocation strategy is as follows:
increasing incremental distribution capacity P of gravity energy storage power station during discharging dp More than 0, according to the current active power from small to large, selecting energy storage units with 0 power or smaller power preferentially, wherein the allocation capacity is not more than the regulation upper limit or more than the maximum command; reducing incremental distribution capacity P of a gravity energy storage power station dp The energy storage units with larger discharge power are preferably selected according to the current active power sequencing from large to small, and are not smaller than the lower regulation limit or larger than the maximum command;
increasing incremental allocation capacity P of gravity energy storage power station during charging dp More than 0, according to the order of the current active power from small to large, the charging power with larger charging power is preferentially selectedAn energy storage unit, the allocation capacity of which is not greater than the regulation upper limit or greater than the maximum command; reducing incremental distribution capacity P of a gravity energy storage power station dp And less than 0, sorting according to the current active power from large to small, and preferentially selecting 0 power or energy storage units with smaller power, wherein the allocation capacity is not less than the regulation lower limit or greater than the maximum command.
11. The method for controlling the active power of the gravity energy storage power station according to claim 8, wherein the specific process of adjusting the active control target of the energy storage unit by using the SOC ratio distribution strategy is as follows: in a discharging or charging state of the gravity energy storage power station, carrying out power distribution among the energy storage units according to the dischargeable quantity proportionality coefficient or the chargeable quantity proportionality coefficient;
distribution capacity P of energy storage unit i dp,i The method comprises the following steps:
to the allocation capacity P dp,i And (3) checking:
if P dp,i ≤|P db,i |，P dp,i ＝0；
If P dp,i >min{P dpmax,i ,-P gen,i }，P dp,i ＝min{P dpmax,i ,-P gen,i }；
If P dp,i <max{-P dpmax,i ,P min,i -P gen,i }，P dp,i ＝max{-P dpmax,i ,P min,i -P gen,i }；
Wherein k is i Is a dischargeable or chargeable proportional coefficient of the energy storage unit i, in a discharge state,S i for the current value of SOC of the energy storage unit i, S max Is the upper limit of SOC, S min Is the lower limit of SOC; in the state of charge of the battery,P dp capacity allocation for increments of a gravity energy storage power station, P dp ＝P des,new -P gen ，P gen Active power of the gravity energy storage power station; p (P) dpmax,i For maximum command of energy storage unit i, P gen,i For the active power of the energy-storage unit i, P max,i For the upper limit of regulation of the energy storage unit i, P min,i Is the lower regulation limit of the energy storage unit i;
active control target P of energy storage unit is adjusted by allocation capacity of energy storage unit i des,i ：
P des,i ＝P gen,i +P dp,i (14)。
12. An active control system for a method of active control of a gravity energy storage plant according to any of claims 1-11, comprising: the system comprises an active control object modeling module, a measurement data acquisition and processing module and a gravity energy storage power station active control object calculation and distribution module in the gravity energy storage power station;
the active control object modeling module in the gravity energy storage power station is used for active control modeling and parameter maintenance of the gravity energy storage power station, the energy storage unit and the generator motor, and comprises the following components: maintaining the maximum active power, the minimum active power and the on-off state of the generator motor, and the charging and discharging state, the controllable state, the lower limit of the SOC, the upper limit of the SOC, the command dead zone, the maximum command of the energy storage unit, the control mode of the gravity energy storage power station, the remote on-site state and the power consumption compensation parameter of the service station;
the measuring data acquisition and processing module is used for acquiring the active power, the start-stop state and the generator rotating speed of a generator in the gravity energy storage power station, wherein the active power, the controllable state, the charge-discharge state, the active regulation lower limit, the active regulation upper limit and the SOC of the energy storage unit, and the gravity energy storage power station transmits AGC instructions in a parallel network active and dispatch mode;
the power control target calculation and distribution module of the gravity energy storage power station is used for calculating the power control target of the power station after the power consumption active loss compensation under different operation modes, and the power distribution is carried out on the controllable energy storage units in the gravity energy storage power station through the adjustable capacity verification of the gravity energy storage power station, so that the active control targets of the energy storage units are obtained through calculation; the power distribution among the energy storage units supports an economical, fast and SOC-proportional distribution strategy.
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