CN117427305A - Mixed fire extinguishing agent and fire extinguishing method - Google Patents
Mixed fire extinguishing agent and fire extinguishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117427305A CN117427305A CN202311375914.1A CN202311375914A CN117427305A CN 117427305 A CN117427305 A CN 117427305A CN 202311375914 A CN202311375914 A CN 202311375914A CN 117427305 A CN117427305 A CN 117427305A
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- fire extinguishing
- extinguishing agent
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- FFTOUVYEKNGDCM-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)F FFTOUVYEKNGDCM-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 187
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- IDBYQQQHBYGLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4-heptafluorocyclopentane Chemical compound FC1CC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F IDBYQQQHBYGLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000005826 halohydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluorohexan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical class CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920004449 Halon® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940120480 nitrogen 30 % Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0092—Gaseous extinguishing substances, e.g. liquefied gases, carbon dioxide snow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a mixed fire extinguishing agent and a fire extinguishing method, wherein the mixed fire extinguishing agent comprises hydrofluoroolefin, and the hydrofluoroolefin consists of 1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene and/or 1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene. The mixed fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention is particularly suitable for vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishment, meets the requirements of environmental protection and safety, improves the chemical stability of the fire extinguishing agent at high temperature, quickly and effectively inhibits flame combustion, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents, relates to a mixed fire extinguishing agent, and particularly relates to a mixed fire extinguishing agent and a fire extinguishing method.
Background
Currently, the global lithium battery demand increases year by year with the continuous expansion of the application field. As a new generation of transportation means, the electric automobile has incomparable advantages to the traditional automobile in the aspects of energy conservation, emission reduction and human dependence on traditional energy sources. The global multi-vehicle enterprise has shown the state 2025-2030 that all the under-flag vehicles are electric vehicles, and in order to realize emission reduction promise, various subsidy policies and actions are issued to support the electric vehicle, so that the requirements and development of electric commercial vehicles are continuously improved.
The lithium ion battery is widely applied to new energy electric vehicles due to the abundant reserves, low cost, good safety performance, excellent high-low temperature performance and quick charge capability. However, common causes of electric vehicle fires include spontaneous combustion of the vehicle due to frequent charge and discharge or sustained irregular use, such as fires during charging, spontaneous combustion during driving, and fires after high-speed collisions.
Spontaneous combustion fire generated by thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery is unique, so that the electric automobile fire is quite different from the fuel automobile fire accident disposal mode. With the expansion of the electric automobile market, the electric automobile is kept in an increasing amount, and the fire safety problem of the vehicle-mounted battery needs to be effectively solved.
At present, the halon (halogenated alkyl) extinguishing agent is superior to traditional extinguishing agents such as foam extinguishing agents, has the advantages of good electrical insulation, less corrosiveness, no residue trace after release, stable chemical performance, convenient storage and the like, and is widely applied to the field of extinguishing agents. However, the halon extinguishing agent has great side effect after being used, so that the use of the halon extinguishing agent is gradually limited and gradually forbidden due to serious damage to an ozone layer.
Therefore, how to provide a novel fire extinguishing agent, which is particularly suitable for vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishment, meets the requirements of green environmental protection and safety, improves the chemical stability of the fire extinguishing agent at high temperature, quickly and effectively inhibits flame combustion, and becomes the problem which needs to be solved by the current technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the mixed fire extinguishing agent and the fire extinguishing method, wherein the mixed fire extinguishing agent is particularly suitable for vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing, meets the requirements of environmental protection and safety, improves the chemical stability of the fire extinguishing agent at high temperature, quickly and effectively inhibits flame combustion, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization and application.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a mixed fire extinguishing agent comprising a hydrofluoroolefin, and the hydrofluoroolefin is comprised of 1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene and/or 1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
In the hydrofluoroolefin defined by the invention, the 1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene (HFO-1233 zd) has lower ozone depletion potential value (ODP) and greenhouse effect potential value (GWP), and has high vaporization potential value, excellent environmental protection performance, low toxicity, incombustibility in normal state, safe use, excellent heat insulation performance and sufficient thermal and chemical stability; the 1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene (HFO-1336 mzz) has excellent thermodynamic property, low toxicity, environmental friendliness, ODP close to 0, GWP close to 9, short atmospheric service life and good application prospect.
The invention adopts the hydrofluoroolefin of a specific kind as the effective component of the fire extinguishing agent, remarkably improves the chemical stability of the fire extinguishing agent at high temperature, can quickly and effectively inhibit flame combustion, is particularly suitable for occasions needing rapid cooling and chemical fire extinguishing such as vehicle battery fire extinguishing, but is not limited to the occasions, and particularly has good fire extinguishing effect under the occasion needing to reduce secondary loss of a protection target, thereby being beneficial to large-scale popularization and application.
Preferably, the mixed fire extinguishing agent consists of a hydrofluoroolefin and a fire extinguishing aid.
Preferably, the extinguishing aid consists of halogenated hydrocarbons and/or inert gases.
Preferably, the inert gas comprises any one or a combination of at least two of carbon dioxide, nitrogen or argon, typically but not limited to combinations comprising carbon dioxide and nitrogen, nitrogen and argon, carbon dioxide and argon, or carbon dioxide, nitrogen and argon.
In the invention, the inert gas does not participate in the chemical reaction in combustion, has the advantages of inerting, oxygen resistance, temperature reduction, explosion suppression, large diffusion range, capability of bypassing the barrier to reach a hidden combustion area, capability of preventing re-combustion and the like, and is mainly used for extinguishing fire through the physical actions of reducing the temperature of a system, reducing the oxygen concentration, isolating combustible materials and the like.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing auxiliary consists of halogenated hydrocarbons and perfluorinated hexanones.
In the invention, the perfluorinated hexanone is used as a clean gas fire extinguishing agent component mainly taking physical heat absorption, has higher heat capacity, forms a gaseous mixture with air after the fire extinguishing agent is released under proper concentration, absorbs enough heat, has good cooling effect on the basis of friendly circuit, and can reduce the generation of oxygen in a battery.
In addition, the perfluoro-hexanone is easy to undergo HF removal reaction and C-C bond cleavage reaction after being heated, and CF is generated 3 、CF 2 Free radicals such as CFO can trap and consume free radicals in the flame, thereby interrupting the combustion chain reaction.
Preferably, the halogenated hydrocarbon comprises a halogenated alkane and/or a halogenated alkene.
Preferably, the haloalkane comprises any one or a combination of at least two of hexafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane or heptafluorocyclopentane, typical but non-limiting combinations include a combination of hexafluoropropane and heptafluoropropane, a combination of heptafluoropropane and heptafluorocyclopentane, a combination of hexafluoropropane and heptafluorocyclopentane, or a combination of hexafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane and heptafluorocyclopentane.
In the halogenated alkane defined by the invention, the production cost of the hexafluoropropane is relatively low, the filling pressure is low, the safety performance is high, and the hexafluoropropane serving as a component of the fire extinguishing agent has double fire extinguishing effects of air foam coverage isolation and self chemical inhibition, and can extinguish low-boiling-point combustible gases such as light hydrocarbon in a short time; the heptafluoropropane can rapidly extinguish open fire outside the lithium battery, has strong insulativity, and has a fire extinguishing mechanism of gasifying, absorbing heat and reducing temperature during spraying, and then continuously absorbing heat by breaking chemical bonds, so that the combustion activity is inhibited; the heptafluorocyclopentane has an Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of 0, a global warming potential (GWP, 100 years) of 250, an atmospheric lifetime of only 3.4 years, good solvent performance, stable chemical properties, environmental friendliness, excellent incombustibility, thermal stability and chemical stability, and is a good fire extinguishing material.
Preferably, the halogenated olefin includes 2-BTP and/or CFA, wherein 2-BTP refers to 2-bromo-3, 3 trifluoropropene, and CFA is a CSSC-FA fire extinguishing agent conventionally used in the art, so long as it is a CFA fire extinguishing agent, the specific composition thereof is not particularly limited herein, and for example, a CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in CN108905037a may be employed.
In the halogenated olefin defined by the invention, the 2-BTP presents colorless transparent liquid at normal temperature and normal pressure, has the characteristics of easy gasification, easy decomposition, small pollution and the like, and mainly completes fire extinguishing through chemical inhibition and cooling, wherein the fire extinguishing mechanism is that active free radicals generated by decomposition in the process of acting with flame eliminate the free radicals necessary for maintaining combustion, the chain reaction of the combustion process is interrupted to extinguish the fire, and the fire extinguishing concentration is low; the CFA belongs to a halogenated unsaturated olefin fire extinguishing agent, is quickly decomposed into substances harmless to the environment under the action of photons when volatilized into the air, has the advantages of high fire extinguishing efficiency, environment friendliness, low toxicity, no electric conduction, no residue and no damage to equipment, has ozone depletion potential value (ODP) and greenhouse effect potential value (GWP) of 0, and is an excellent halon substitute.
Preferably, the 1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene comprises cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene and/or trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of, the 1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene comprises cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
Preferably, the mixed fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
30% -80% of hydrofluoroolefin;
10% -60% of halogenated hydrocarbon;
10% -30% of inert gas.
In the present invention, the mass percentage of the hydrofluoroolefin is 30% to 80%, for example, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or 80%, but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the halogenated hydrocarbon may be 10% to 60% by mass, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55% or 60% by mass, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the inert gas may be 10% to 30% by mass, for example, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28% or 30% by mass, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the mixed fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
20% -80% of hydrofluoroolefin;
10% -20% of halogenated hydrocarbon;
10% -60% of perfluoro hexanone.
In the present invention, the mass percentage of the hydrofluoroolefin is 20% to 80%, for example, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or 80%, but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of the recited values are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the halogenated hydrocarbon may be 10% to 20% by mass, for example, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20% by mass, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the mass percentage of the perfluoro-hexanone is 10% -60%, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55% or 60%, but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of extinguishing a fire using the mixed fire extinguishing agent of the first aspect.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing method comprises: the hydrofluoroolefin is filled in a fire extinguishing container in a liquid state, and the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed aiming at the center of flame.
Or, the hydrofluoroolefin and the halohydrocarbon are filled in a fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, and the fire-extinguishing agent is sprayed aiming at the center of flame.
Or, the hydrofluoroolefin is filled in a fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state, inert gas is filled in the fire-extinguishing container, and the fire-extinguishing agent is sprayed in alignment with the flame center.
Or filling the hydrofluoroolefin and the halohydrocarbon into the fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, filling inert gas into the fire-extinguishing container, and spraying the fire-extinguishing agent aiming at the flame center.
Or, the hydrofluoroolefin, the halohydrocarbon and the perfluorinated hexanone are filled in a fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, and the fire-extinguishing agent is sprayed aiming at the flame center.
Preferably, the individual components are in a mixed or partitioned state in the fire suppression container prior to spraying.
The invention mixes/separates the hydrofluoroolefin and other effective components in liquid state and fills them in the fire-extinguishing container, which is in excellent physical temperature-lowering fire-extinguishing state. When the high-pressure liquid fire extinguishing agent is released to a fire scene, a large amount of heat can be absorbed in the process of converting the liquid fire extinguishing agent into the gas, the high-pressure liquid fire extinguishing agent has a remarkable physical cooling effect, and simultaneously, the high-pressure liquid fire extinguishing agent is combined with the physical isolation effect of inert gas, so that the temperature of a fire area can be quickly reduced below a flammable temperature point.
The numerical ranges recited herein include not only the above-listed point values, but also any point values between the above-listed numerical ranges that are not listed, and are limited in space and for the sake of brevity, the present invention is not intended to be exhaustive of the specific point values that the stated ranges include.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the hydrofluoroolefin of a specific kind as the effective component of the fire extinguishing agent, remarkably improves the chemical stability of the fire extinguishing agent at high temperature, can quickly and effectively inhibit flame combustion, is particularly suitable for occasions needing rapid cooling and chemical fire extinguishing such as vehicle battery fire extinguishing, but is not limited to the occasions, and particularly has good fire extinguishing effect under the occasion needing to reduce secondary loss of a protection target, thereby being beneficial to large-scale popularization and application.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
50% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene 40%;
60% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
60% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
40% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
45% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
45% of trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
10% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
5% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene 5%;
90% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
5% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
95% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
95% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
5% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
30% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
60% of hexafluoropropane;
10% of carbon dioxide.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene 40%;
50% of heptafluoropropane;
10% of nitrogen.
Example 10
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
heptafluorocyclopentane 40%;
argon 10%.
Example 11
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene 60%;
2-BTP 30％；
10% of carbon dioxide.
Example 12
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
70% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
CFA 20％；
10% of nitrogen.
Wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 13
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 14
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 15
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 16
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 17
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 18
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
10% of hexafluoropropane;
10% of carbon dioxide.
Example 19
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
70% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
20% of heptafluoropropane;
10% of nitrogen.
Example 20
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
60% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
heptafluorocyclopentane 30%;
argon 10%.
Example 21
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
2-BTP 40％；
10% of carbon dioxide.
Example 22
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
40% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
CFA 50％；
10% of nitrogen.
Wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 23
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 24
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 25
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 26
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 27
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 28
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 29
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 30
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 31
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 32
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 33
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
90% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
10% of hexafluoropropane.
Example 34
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80% of trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
20% of heptafluoropropane.
Example 35
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
70% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
heptafluorocyclopentane 30%.
Example 36
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene 60%;
2-BTP 40％。
example 37
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
CFA 50％。
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 38
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene 40%;
30% of hexafluoropropane;
30% of heptafluoropropane.
Example 39
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
30% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
35% of heptafluoropropane;
35% of heptafluorocyclopentane.
Example 40
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
20% of trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
2-BTP 40％；
CFA 40％。
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 41
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 42
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 43
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
10% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
90% of hexafluoropropane.
Example 44
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
20% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
80% of heptafluoropropane.
Example 45
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
30% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
70% of heptafluorocyclopentane.
Example 46
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
40% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
2-BTP 60％。
example 47
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
CFA 50％。
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 48
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
60% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
20% of hexafluoropropane;
20% of heptafluoropropane.
Example 49
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
70% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
15% of heptafluoropropane;
15% of heptafluorocyclopentane.
Example 50
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
2-BTP 10％；
CFA 10%. Wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 51
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 52
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 53
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
45% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
45% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
10% of hexafluoropropane.
Example 54
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 55
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 56
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 57
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 58
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
90% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
10% of carbon dioxide.
Example 59
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
10% of trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
90% of carbon dioxide.
Example 60
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
90% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
10% of carbon dioxide.
Example 61
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
50% of carbon dioxide.
Example 62
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
45% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
45% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
argon 10%.
Example 63
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
35% of trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
35% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
nitrogen 30%.
Example 64
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 65
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 66
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 67
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 68
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
20% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
20% of hexafluoropropane;
60% of perfluorinated hexanone.
Example 69
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene 30%;
20% of heptafluoropropane;
50% of perfluoro hexanone.
Example 70
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
40% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
heptafluorocyclopentane 20%;
40% of perfluoro hexanone.
Example 71
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50% of trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
2-BTP 20％；
30% of perfluoro hexanone.
Example 72
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
60% of cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
CFA 20％；
20% of perfluoro hexanone.
Wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 73
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 74
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 75
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 76
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 77
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 78
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
10% of hexafluoropropane;
10% of perfluorinated hexanone.
Example 79
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
70% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
10% of heptafluoropropane;
20% of perfluoro hexanone.
Example 80
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
60% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
10% of heptafluorocyclopentane;
30% of perfluoro hexanone.
Example 81
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
2-BTP 10％；
40% of perfluoro hexanone.
Example 82
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
40% of cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene;
CFA 10％；
50% of perfluoro hexanone.
Wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 83
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 84
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 85
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 86
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 87
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 88
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 89
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 90
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
example 91
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the CFA employs the CFA fire extinguishing agent disclosed in example 1 of CN108905037 a.
Example 92
The embodiment provides a fire extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
application examples 1 to 7
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 1 to 7 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps: according to the mass percentage, 1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene and 1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene are mixed and filled in a fire extinguishing container in a liquid state, and fire extinguishing agent is sprayed aiming at the center of flame, so that the rapid extinguishing of flame can be realized.
Application examples 8 to 14
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 1 to 7 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps: 1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene and 1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene are respectively filled in a fire extinguishing container in a liquid state, and are mixed according to a set mass percentage while aiming at the spraying of the flame center, so that the fire can be extinguished, and the quick extinguishing of the flame can be realized.
Application examples 15 to 39
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 8-32 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps: the hydrofluoroolefin and the halohydrocarbon are filled in the fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, inert gas is filled in the fire-extinguishing container, the hydrofluoroolefin, the halohydrocarbon and the fire-extinguishing container are in a mixed state, and the fire-extinguishing agent is sprayed in the direction of the flame center, so that the flame can be extinguished quickly.
Application examples 40 to 64
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 8-32 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps: the hydrofluoroolefin and the halohydrocarbon are filled in the fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, inert gas is filled in the fire-extinguishing container, the hydrofluoroolefin, the halohydrocarbon and the fire-extinguishing container are in a separation state, and the fire-extinguishing container is sprayed with the fire-extinguishing agent aiming at the center of the flame, so that the flame can be extinguished quickly.
Application examples 65 to 89
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 33 to 57 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishment method comprises the following steps: the hydrofluoroolefin and the halohydrocarbon are filled in the fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, and are in a mixed state in the fire-extinguishing container, and the fire-extinguishing agent is sprayed in the flame center, so that the quick extinguishing of the flame can be realized.
Application examples 90 to 114
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 33 to 57 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishment method comprises the following steps: the hydrofluoroolefin and the halohydrocarbon are filled in the fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, and are in a separated state in the fire-extinguishing container, and the fire-extinguishing agent is sprayed in alignment with the center of the flame, so that the flame can be extinguished quickly.
Application examples 115-124
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 58-67 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps: the hydrofluoroolefin is filled in the fire extinguishing container in a liquid state, inert gas is filled in the fire extinguishing container, the hydrofluoroolefin and the inert gas are in a mixed state in the fire extinguishing container, and the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed aiming at the center of the flame, so that the flame can be extinguished quickly.
Application examples 125-134
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 58-67 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps: the hydrofluoroolefin is filled in the fire extinguishing container in a liquid state, inert gas is filled in the fire extinguishing container, the hydrofluoroolefin and the inert gas are in a separation state in the fire extinguishing container, and the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed aiming at the center of the flame, so that the rapid extinguishing of the flame can be realized.
Application examples 135-159
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 68-92 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps: the hydrofluoroolefin, the halohydrocarbon and the perfluorinated hexanone are filled in the fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, and are in a mixed state in the fire-extinguishing container, and the fire-extinguishing agent is sprayed in the flame center, so that the flame can be extinguished quickly.
Application examples 160-184
The fire extinguishing agents provided in the embodiments 68-92 are correspondingly applied to the fire extinguishment of the vehicle-mounted battery, and the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps: the hydrofluoroolefin, the halohydrocarbon and the perfluorinated hexanone are filled in the fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, and are in a separated state in the fire-extinguishing container, and the fire-extinguishing agent is sprayed in alignment with the center of the flame, so that the flame can be extinguished rapidly.
Performance test:
fire extinguishing agents obtained in examples 1-92 were each independently subjected to fire extinguishing performance testing, and the relevant test methods were described in paragraphs [0058] - [0063] of the description section in CN111569348A, and the relevant test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Therefore, the invention adopts the hydrofluoroolefin of a specific kind as the effective component of the fire extinguishing agent, remarkably improves the chemical stability of the fire extinguishing agent at high temperature, can quickly and effectively inhibit flame combustion, is particularly suitable for occasions needing rapid cooling and chemical fire extinguishing such as vehicle battery fire extinguishing, but is not limited to the occasions, and particularly has good fire extinguishing effect under the occasion needing secondary loss of a protection target, thereby being beneficial to large-scale popularization and application.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further details of the invention may be had by the present invention, it should be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the present invention and that no limitations are intended to the scope of the invention, except insofar as modifications, equivalents, improvements or modifications are within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A mixed fire extinguishing agent characterized in that the mixed fire extinguishing agent comprises a hydrofluoroolefin and the hydrofluoroolefin consists of 1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene and/or 1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
2. The mixed fire extinguishing agent of claim 1, wherein the mixed fire extinguishing agent is comprised of a hydrofluoroolefin and a fire extinguishing aid.
3. The mixed fire extinguishing agent according to claim 2, wherein the extinguishing aid consists of halogenated hydrocarbons and/or inert gases;
the inert gas comprises any one or a combination of at least two of carbon dioxide, nitrogen or argon.
4. The mixed fire extinguishing agent of claim 2, wherein the fire extinguishing adjuvant consists of halogenated hydrocarbons and perfluorinated hexanones.
5. The mixed fire extinguishing agent of claim 3 or 4, wherein the halogenated hydrocarbon comprises a halogenated alkane and/or a halogenated alkene;
the halogenated alkane comprises any one or a combination of at least two of hexafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane or heptafluorocyclopentane;
the halogenated olefin comprises 2-BTP and/or CFA;
the 1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene comprises cis-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene and/or trans-1-chloro-3, 3-trifluoropropene;
the 1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene comprises cis-1, 4-hexafluoro-2-butene.
6. The mixed fire extinguishing agent according to claim 3, wherein the composition of the mixed fire extinguishing agent is as follows in mass percent:
30% -80% of hydrofluoroolefin;
10% -60% of halogenated hydrocarbon;
10% -30% of inert gas.
7. The mixed fire extinguishing agent according to claim 4, wherein the composition of the mixed fire extinguishing agent is as follows in mass percent:
20% -80% of hydrofluoroolefin;
10% -20% of halogenated hydrocarbon;
10% -60% of perfluoro hexanone.
8. A fire extinguishing method, characterized in that it uses the mixed fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1-7 for extinguishing a fire.
9. The fire suppression method according to claim 8, characterized in that the fire suppression method comprises: filling hydrofluoroolefin in a liquid state into a fire extinguishing container, and spraying a fire extinguishing agent aiming at the center of flame;
or, filling the hydrofluoroolefin and the halohydrocarbon into a fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, and spraying the fire-extinguishing agent aiming at the flame center;
or, filling the hydrofluoroolefin in a liquid state into a fire extinguishing container, filling inert gas into the fire extinguishing container, and spraying the fire extinguishing agent in alignment with the flame center;
or filling hydrofluoroolefin and halogenated hydrocarbon into a fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, filling inert gas into the fire-extinguishing container, and spraying fire-extinguishing agent in alignment with the flame center;
or, the hydrofluoroolefin, the halohydrocarbon and the perfluorinated hexanone are filled in a fire-extinguishing container in a liquid state according to the set mass percentage, and the fire-extinguishing agent is sprayed aiming at the flame center.
10. The fire suppression method according to claim 9, wherein the mixed fire suppression agent is in a mixed or partitioned state in the fire suppression container prior to spraying.
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