CN117404247B - A variable-lead spiral blade wind turbine with an airfoil wind collector - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbines, and in particular provides a variable-lead spiral blade wind turbine with an airfoil wind collecting cover. The wind turbine includes an energy-capturing main body, a base and a wind-facing system. The energy-capturing main body includes a bracket, a blade shaft, a spiral blade set, a generator, an airfoil wind collecting cover and a support for supporting the airfoil wind collecting cover; spiral The blade set is composed of three variable-lead spiral blades with the same shape and installed on the blade shaft in the form of a circular array. Driven by the wind, the spiral blade set drives the blade shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the generator to rotate. To generate electricity, the energy-capturing main body in the wind turbine structure improves the wind-capturing capacity of the small wind turbine, and the airfoil wind collecting cover effectively changes the airflow state around the spiral blades; and the wind-facing system in the wind turbine structure can The inlet direction of the airfoil wind collecting cover is automatically adjusted according to changes in wind direction, thereby receiving wind from different directions, which increases the application and promotion value of small wind turbines.

Description

A variable-lead spiral blade wind turbine with an airfoil wind collector

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbines, and in particular to a variable-lead spiral blade wind turbine with an airfoil wind collecting cover.

Background technique

Energy is the cornerstone of the development of human society. With the advancement of industrial level, traditional fossil energy has become increasingly difficult to meet the huge demand for industrial development. At the same time, traditional fossil energy is non-renewable and will cause a series of problems such as environmental pollution and climate change. Therefore, the development and utilization of new energy sources have received more and more widespread attention.

As a common renewable new energy, wind energy has the characteristics of no pollution, wide distribution and large reserves, and has attracted much attention from all walks of life. At present, the most important way of developing wind energy is wind power generation, which relies on the wind to drive the blades of the generator to rotate and then drive the generator to run to generate electricity. In my country, there are many areas with low wind energy resources where the average annual wind speed is not high, the wind is not strong, and the wind direction is uncertain. It is of great significance to study small wind turbines and low wind speed wind energy utilization technologies suitable for these areas. The Archimedes wind turbine is a new type of small wind turbine. It has the characteristics of strong self-starting ability, low starting wind speed, and compact structure. It is very suitable for application in low wind speed areas. However, the inherent energy capture efficiency of this type of wind turbine is low. , this shortcoming seriously limits its application and promotion.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a variable-lead spiral blade wind turbine with an airfoil wind collecting cover to improve the wind-catching ability of the small wind turbine and increase the application and promotion value of the small wind turbine.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a variable-lead spiral blade wind turbine with an airfoil wind collecting cover, including an energy capturing body, a base and a wind facing system. The energy capturing body includes: a bracket, a blade shaft, and a spiral blade. The set, generator, airfoil wind collecting hood and supporting parts for supporting the airfoil wind collecting hood; the blade shaft, spiral blade set, and generator are installed inside the airfoil wind collecting hood through brackets, and the axis of the blade shaft is in line with the airfoil wind collecting hood. The axes of the airfoil wind collecting hood are coincident; the airfoil wind collecting hood is fixedly installed on the supporting member; the lower end of the supporting member has a shaft-like structure;

The blade shaft is connected to the generator; the spiral blade group is composed of three variable-lead spiral blades with the same shape and installed on the blade shaft in the form of a circular array; driven by wind, the spiral blades The blade set drives the blade shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the generator to rotate to generate electricity;

The shape of the variable-lead spiral blade is an Archimedean space spiral surface, where, is the generatrix of the spiral surface, The angle between it and the axis of the helical surface is α; curve/> It is an Archimedean spiral in variable-lead space, and its lead follows the law of uniformly variable speed; in the cylindrical coordinate system/> The parameterized formula of is:

,

Among them, the value range of parameter t is (0, 2], , b and b ₁ are coefficients that determine the shape of the spiral,/> Numerically equal to half of the gyration radius of the wind turbine, b and b ₁ are the characteristic parameters that determine the blade spiral lead.

Optionally, the airfoil wind collecting cover is a rotary structure formed by taking the NACA8415 airfoil curve as the generatrix and rotating around the axis for a complete revolution.

Optionally, the angle between the chord line of the airfoil and the axis of the wind collecting cover is the angle of attack β , and the angle of attack β ranges from 10° to 20°.

Optionally, the base includes a shaft, a first bearing end cap, a second bearing end cap, a first radial thrust bearing, a second radial thrust bearing and a base shell;

The shaft is installed vertically inside the base shell through the first radial thrust bearing and the second radial thrust bearing. The two ends of the shaft are positioned through the first bearing end cover and the second bearing end cover respectively; on the lower end flange of the base shell There are several through holes for connecting to the ground; the upper end of the shaft is connected to the support through a coupling so that the energy capture body can rotate relative to the base.

Optionally, the wind facing system includes a first gear, a second gear, a motor mounting bracket, a motor, a sensor mounting bracket, a wind direction sensor and an information processing module;

The first gear is fixedly installed on the support member, and the second gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor; the motor is fixedly installed on the base shell through the motor mounting bracket; the wind direction sensor is fixedly installed on the base shell through the sensor mounting bracket;

When the information processing module detects a change in the wind direction through the wind direction sensor, it sends an attitude adjustment work command to the motor to cause it to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of the first gear and the second gear, the energy capture body rotates until the wind direction is aligned with the airfoil. The entrances of the wind hood are oriented in the same direction to prevent the wind.

Optionally, the inner diameter from the entrance to the throat of the airfoil wind collecting hood is gradually reduced, which is used to converge and accelerate the incoming wind and use the Venturi effect to accelerate the wind speed; the inner diameter of the rear section of the airfoil wind collecting hood is It gradually expands to create a suction effect on the internal airflow to secondary increase the wind speed inside the airfoil wind collector.

Optionally, when the incoming wind acts on the spiral blade set, the variable-lead spiral blades in the spiral blade set will be thrust by the incoming wind, and the thrust will generate a rotational torque on the variable-lead spiral blades, causing the variable-lead spiral blades to rotate. The blades and blade shaft rotate together.

In the technical solution provided by the present invention, the wind turbine includes an energy-capturing main body, a base and a wind-facing system. The energy-capturing main body includes a bracket, a blade shaft, a spiral blade set, a generator, an airfoil wind collecting cover and a device for supporting the airfoil. The support of the airfoil hood; the blade shaft, spiral blade group, and generator are installed inside the airfoil hood through brackets, and the axis of the blade shaft coincides with the axis of the airfoil hood; the airfoil hood is fixed Installed on the support; the lower end of the support has a shaft-like structure; the blade shaft is connected to the generator; the spiral blade set is composed of 3 variable-lead spiral blades with exactly the same shape and installed on the blade shaft in a circular array. Composition; driven by wind power, the spiral blade set drives the blade shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the generator to rotate to generate electricity. The energy-capturing main body in the wind turbine structure improves the wind-capturing capacity of the small wind turbine, in which the airfoil collects wind The hood effectively changes the airflow state around the spiral blades; and the wind system in the wind turbine structure can automatically adjust the inlet orientation of the airfoil wind collecting hood according to changes in wind direction, thereby receiving wind from different directions and increasing small wind power. The application and promotion value of the machine.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not relevant to the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a variable-lead spiral blade wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation method of the spiral blade set provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a front view of a single spiral blade provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a left view of a single spiral blade provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the airfoil wind collecting cover provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of an airfoil-shaped wind collecting cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Bracket; 2. Blade shaft; 3. Spiral blade group; 31. Variable lead spiral blade; 4. Generator; 5. Airfoil wind collector; 6. Supporting member; 7. First gear; 8. Second gear; 9. Motor mounting bracket; 10. Motor; 11. Coupling; 12. Shaft; 13. First bearing end cover; 14. First radial thrust bearing; 15. Second radial thrust Bearing; 16. Base shell; 17. Second bearing end cover; 18. Sensor mounting bracket; 19. Wind direction sensor.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the present invention is only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the embodiments of the present invention, the singular forms "a", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" used in this article is only an association relationship describing related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, and A and A exist simultaneously. B, there are three situations of B alone. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the related objects are an "or" relationship.

Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when" or "when" or "in response to determination" or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determined" or "if detects (stated condition or event)" may be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to determining" or "when (stated condition or event) is detected )” or “in response to detecting (a stated condition or event)”.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a variable-lead spiral blade wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the wind turbine includes an energy capture main body, a base and a wind facing system. The energy capture main body includes: a bracket 1, a blade Shaft 2, spiral blade set 3, generator 4, airfoil wind collecting cover 5 and support 6 for supporting the airfoil wind collecting cover 5; blade shaft 2, spiral blade set 3, generator 4 are installed on the shaft through bracket 1 The inside of the airfoil wind collecting cover 5, and the axis of the blade shaft 2 coincides with the axis of the airfoil wind collecting cover 5; the airfoil wind collecting cover 5 is fixedly installed on the supporting member 6; the lower end of the supporting member 6 has a shaft-like structure ;The blade shaft 2 is connected to the generator 4.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation method of the spiral blade set provided by the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the spiral blade set 3 is composed of three variable guides with exactly the same shape and installed on the blade shaft 2 in the form of a circular array. Driven by the wind, the spiral blade set 3 drives the blade shaft 2 to rotate, and then drives the generator 4 to rotate to generate electricity.

Figure 3 is a front view of a single spiral blade provided by the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, the variable lead spiral blade 31 is an Archimedean space spiral surface with a certain thickness, where, is the generatrix of the spiral surface,/> The angle between it and the axis of the helical surface is α; as shown in Figure 4, the curve/> It is an Archimedean spiral in variable-lead space, and its lead follows the law of uniformly variable speed; in the cylindrical coordinate system/> The parameterized formula of is:

,

Among them, the value range of parameter t is (0, 2], , b and b ₁ are coefficients that determine the shape of the spiral,/> Numerically equal to half of the gyration radius of the wind turbine, b and b ₁ are the characteristic parameters that determine the blade spiral lead.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the variation pattern of the lead is a uniform acceleration or uniform deceleration variation pattern.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the airfoil wind collecting cover provided by the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the airfoil wind collecting cover 5 is a rotation formed by taking the NACA8415 airfoil curve as the busbar and rotating around the axis for a full revolution. body structure.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the airfoil wind collecting cover provided by the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the angle between the chord line of the airfoil and the axis of the wind collecting cover is the angle of attack β , and the range of the angle of attack β is 10°~20°.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the base includes a shaft 12, a first bearing end cover 13, a second bearing end cover 17, a first radial thrust bearing 14, a second radial thrust bearing 15 and a base shell 16 .

The shaft 12 is installed vertically inside the base shell 16 through the first radial thrust bearing 14 and the second radial thrust bearing 15. The two ends of the shaft 12 are positioned through the first bearing end cover 13 and the second bearing end cover 17 respectively; The lower end flange of the base shell 16 has several through holes for connecting to the ground; the upper end of the shaft 12 is connected to the support member 6 through the coupling 11 so that the energy capture body can rotate relative to the base.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the wind facing system includes a first gear 7, a second gear 8, a motor mounting bracket 9, a motor 10, a sensor mounting bracket 18, a wind direction sensor 19 and an information processing module.

The first gear 7 is fixedly installed on the support 6, and the second gear 8 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor 10; the motor 10 is fixedly installed on the base shell 16 through the motor mounting bracket 9; the wind direction sensor 19 is fixed through the sensor mounting bracket 18 Installed on the base shell 16.

When the information processing module detects a change in the wind direction through the wind direction sensor 19, it sends an attitude adjustment work command to the motor 10 to cause it to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of the first gear 7 and the second gear 8, the energy capture body is rotated until the wind direction It is in the same direction as the inlet of the airfoil wind collecting cover 5 for facing the wind.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the information processing module is a single-chip microcomputer and is fixedly installed in the base.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the wind facing system in the wind turbine structure can adjust the inlet direction of the wind collecting hood in real time according to changes in wind direction.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter from the entrance to the throat of the airfoil wind collecting hood 5 is gradually reduced, which is used to converge and accelerate the incoming wind and use the Venturi effect to accelerate the wind speed; the rear section of the airfoil wind collecting hood 5 The inner diameter of the airfoil is gradually expanded to form a suction effect on the internal airflow, so as to increase the wind speed inside the airfoil wind collecting cover 5 for a second time.

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the incoming wind acts on the spiral blade set 3, the variable-lead spiral blades in the spiral blade set 3 will be thrust by the incoming wind, and the thrust will generate a rotational torque on the variable-lead spiral blades, causing the The variable lead spiral blade and blade shaft 2 rotate together.

In the embodiment of the present invention, by adjusting the lead characteristic parameters of the variable-lead spiral blades, the incoming wind can be distributed more uniformly on the blades, expanding the wind speed range in which the wind turbine can work, reducing the vibration of the blades, and improving the efficiency of the wind turbine. and reliability.

In the technical solution provided by the present invention, the wind turbine includes an energy-capturing main body, a base and a wind-facing system. The energy-capturing main body includes a bracket, a blade shaft, a spiral blade set, a generator, an airfoil wind collecting cover and a device for supporting the airfoil. The support of the airfoil hood; the blade shaft, spiral blade group, and generator are installed inside the airfoil hood through brackets, and the axis of the blade shaft coincides with the axis of the airfoil hood; the airfoil hood is fixed Installed on the support; the lower end of the support has a shaft-like structure; the blade shaft is connected to the generator; the spiral blade set is composed of 3 variable-lead spiral blades with exactly the same shape and installed on the blade shaft in a circular array. Composition; driven by wind power, the spiral blade set drives the blade shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the generator to rotate to generate electricity. The energy-capturing main body in the wind turbine structure improves the wind-capturing capacity of the small wind turbine, in which the airfoil collects wind The hood effectively changes the airflow state around the spiral blades; and the wind system in the wind turbine structure can automatically adjust the inlet orientation of the airfoil wind collecting hood according to changes in wind direction, thereby receiving wind from different directions and increasing small wind power. The application and promotion value of the machine.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a take variable lead helical blade wind turbine of wing formula collection fan housing, includes and catches energy main part, base and to wind system, its characterized in that, catch energy main part includes: the device comprises a bracket (1), a blade shaft (2), a helical blade group (3), a generator (4), an airfoil type wind-collecting cover (5) and a supporting piece (6) for supporting the airfoil type wind-collecting cover (5); the blade shaft (2), the spiral blade group (3) and the generator (4) are arranged in the wing-shaped wind collecting cover (5) through the bracket (1), and the axis of the blade shaft (2) is coincident with the axis of the wing-shaped wind collecting cover (5); the wing-shaped wind collecting cover (5) is fixedly arranged on the supporting piece (6); the lower end of the supporting piece (6) is provided with a shaft-shaped structure;

the blade shaft (2) is connected with the generator (4); the helical blade group (3) consists of 3 variable-lead helical blades (31) which are identical in shape and are arranged on the blade shaft (2) in a circumferential array; under the drive of wind power, the helical blade group (3) drives the blade shaft (2) to rotate, and then drives the generator (4) to rotate so as to generate electricity;

the shape of the variable-lead helical blade is an Archimedes space helical surface, wherein,is a bus bar of a spiral surface->The included angle between the spiral surface and the axis of the spiral surface is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Curve->The lead of the Archimedes spiral line is in accordance with the uniform speed change rule; in the column coordinate system +.>The parameterized formula of (2) is:

，

wherein the parameters aretThe value range of (2) is (0, 2)]，、bAndb ₁ to determine the coefficient of the spiral shape, +.>Equal in value to half the radius of gyration of the wind turbine,bandb ₁ determining characteristic parameters of the helical lead of the blade;

the wing-shaped wind collecting cover (5) is a revolving body structure formed by revolving a NACA8415 wing-shaped curve around an axis for a whole circle; the included angle between the chord line of the wing profile and the axis line of the wind collecting cover is the attack angleβAngle of attack thereofβThe range of (2) is 10-20 degrees;

the inner diameter from the inlet of the wing-shaped wind collecting cover (5) to the throat part is gradually reduced and is used for converging and accelerating incoming wind, and the venturi effect is utilized to accelerate the wind speed; the inner diameter of the rear section of the wing-shaped wind collecting cover (5) is gradually enlarged to form a suction effect on the internal airflow so as to secondarily increase the wind speed inside the wing-shaped wind collecting cover (5).

2. The variable lead helical blade wind turbine of claim 1, wherein the base comprises a shaft (12), a first bearing end cap (13), a second bearing end cap (17), a first centering thrust bearing (14), a second centering thrust bearing (15), and a base housing (16);

the shaft (12) is vertically arranged in the base shell (16) through a first centering thrust bearing (14) and a second centering thrust bearing (15), and two ends of the shaft (12) are respectively positioned through a first bearing end cover (13) and a second bearing end cover (17); the lower end flange of the base shell (16) is provided with a plurality of through holes for being connected with the ground; the upper end of the shaft (12) is connected with the supporting piece (6) through a coupler (11) so that the energy capturing main body can rotate relative to the base.

3. The variable lead helical blade wind turbine of claim 1, wherein the wind-pairing system comprises a first gear (7), a second gear (8), a motor mounting bracket (9), a motor (10), a sensor mounting bracket (18), a wind direction sensor (19), and an information processing module;

the first gear (7) is fixedly arranged on the supporting piece (6), and the second gear (8) is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the motor (10); the motor (10) is fixedly arranged on the base shell (16) through a motor mounting bracket (9); the wind direction sensor (19) is fixedly arranged on the base shell (16) through the sensor mounting bracket (18);

when the information processing module detects that the wind direction changes through the wind direction sensor (19), an attitude adjustment working instruction is sent to the motor (10) to enable the motor to rotate, and the energy capturing main body is enabled to rotate through meshing transmission of the first gear (7) and the second gear (8) until the wind direction is consistent with the inlet direction of the wing-shaped wind collecting cover (5) so as to conduct wind.

4. A variable lead helical blade wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein when an incoming wind acts on the helical blade group (3), the variable lead helical blades in the helical blade group (3) are subjected to a thrust force exerted by the incoming wind, and the thrust force generates a rotational moment on the variable lead helical blades, so that the variable lead helical blades and the blade shaft (2) rotate together.