CN117404177A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an internal combustion engine comprising: the cylinder assemblies and the connecting rods are uniformly arranged along the circumference, the power of the cylinder assemblies is transmitted out through the connecting rods, each cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder and a piston, and the included angle between the axis of each cylinder assembly and the central line of the circumference center point is smaller than 50 degrees. By arranging the cylinder component and the connecting rod, the crankshaft is avoided, and therefore the purpose of reducing cost is achieved.

Description

internal combustion engine

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment, and in particular relates to an internal combustion engine.

Background technique

Internal combustion engines are a widely used source of power. The main structure and operation mode is that the piston in the cylinder assembly reciprocates in two cycles, that is, four strokes, to complete suction, compression, combustion, and exhaust. During this period, the crankshaft is driven to rotate twice, and the speed can reach thousands of revolutions per minute.

Single-cylinder internal combustion engines often have relatively large vibrations during reciprocating motion. By setting a counterweight eccentric on the crankshaft, the axial vibration of the piston movement can be offset. However, the counterweight eccentric performs rotational motion, so additional vibrations are generated. Vibration perpendicular to the direction of piston movement. In addition, only one stroke out of every four strokes is doing work, so the output torque fluctuates greatly.

The in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine allows the four cylinder components to perform work sequentially at even time intervals, basically eliminating torque fluctuations. In addition, through reasonable linkage layout, the vibration of the four counterweight eccentrics perpendicular to the direction of piston movement is also offset to a certain extent. However, due to the rigidity problem of the longer crankshaft, the residual yaw vibration cannot be overcome.

In addition to basically eliminating torque fluctuations, the horizontally opposed four-cylinder internal combustion engine also allows the four pistons to move oppositely in pairs, and their vibrations are roughly offset. Therefore, a counterweight eccentric is no longer needed, so the vibration perpendicular to the direction of piston movement is also eliminated. significantly reduced. However, in order to avoid spatial conflict between the connecting rod between the piston and the crankshaft, the axes of each two opposing pistons need to be staggered a little, so there is still a small amount of residual vibration. Unlike inline four-cylinders, which can share an integrated cylinder block, horizontally opposed four-cylinders must have one cylinder block on the left and right, so the manufacturing cost is higher. In order to overcome the influence of gravity and ensure that the annular walls of each horizontal cylinder assembly are uniformly lubricated, the lubrication subsystem is complex and the maintenance cost is high. Due to low practicality, only a few car manufacturers currently use horizontally opposed engines. In addition, although its crankshaft is shorter, if it is further expanded to six or even eight cylinders, the crankshaft rigidity problem will need to be solved.

There is also a V-shaped four-cylinder internal combustion engine, whose advantages and disadvantages are between in-line four-cylinders and horizontally opposed four-cylinders.

The above types of internal combustion engines inevitably use crankshafts, which have complex structures and high technical requirements. Therefore, their cost accounts for one-tenth of the cost of the internal combustion engine and is the most expensive component among them.

Hydrogen is an environmentally friendly new energy source with zero carbon emissions. It can be converted into electrical energy using fuel cells or directly into kinetic energy using a hydrogen internal combustion engine. However, due to the fast flame propagation speed of hydrogen, hydrogen internal combustion engines are prone to deflagration problems, so the amount of hydrogen injected in each intake stroke cannot be too much. This results in a low power/displacement ratio for hydrogen internal combustion engines.

However, it is precisely because the flame propagation speed of hydrogen is very fast. If the power/displacement ratio of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is increased by increasing the rotation speed, that is, increasing the number of times of work per minute, insufficient combustion and Problems of reduced energy efficiency and increased pollution. However, increasing the internal combustion engine speed will further intensify the aforementioned vibration problems and damage the service life. In extreme cases, an internal combustion engine disintegration accident may even occur.

Contents of the invention

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an internal combustion engine, which at least partially solves the problems of high cost and insufficient rigidity existing in the prior art.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an internal combustion engine, including: multiple sets of cylinder assemblies and connecting rods. The multiple sets of cylinder assemblies are evenly arranged along the circumference. The power of the multiple sets of cylinder assemblies is transmitted through the connecting rods. The cylinder assembly includes Cylinder and piston, the angle between the axis of each cylinder assembly and the center line where the center point of the circle is located is less than 50 degrees.

Optionally, it also includes an auxiliary gear and an auxiliary shaft. The auxiliary gear and the auxiliary shaft are arranged on the cylinder assembly. The auxiliary gear is connected to the connecting rod. The auxiliary shaft is connected to the auxiliary gear. The cylinder assembly is connected to the auxiliary gear through the connecting rod. Gear linkage.

Optionally, it also includes a central main shaft and a central gear. The central gear is arranged on the central main shaft. The central main shaft is connected with the connecting rod. The central gear meshes with the auxiliary gear. A balance weight eccentric is provided on the cylinder assembly. , the center line of the circle coincides with the center line of the central spindle.

Optionally, it also includes a central axis seat and a cylinder body, the central spindle is arranged on the central axis seat, and the cylinder assembly is arranged in the cylinder body.

Optionally, the angle between the axis of each set of cylinder components and the center line of the central spindle is the same.

Optionally, there are four sets of cylinder assemblies, and the axes of the four sets of cylinder assemblies are parallel to the center line of the central spindle.

Optionally, the four sets of cylinder assemblies are divided into two groups, each group includes two sets of cylinder assemblies, the cylinder assemblies in each group are circumferentially separated by 180 degrees, the linkage direction of the cylinder assemblies in each group is the same and the speed is the same. The cylinder components linkage in opposite directions and at the same speed.

Optionally, there are eight sets of cylinder assemblies.

Optionally, the eight sets of cylinder assemblies are divided into two groups. Each group includes four sets of cylinder assemblies. Adjacent cylinder assemblies in each group are circumferentially separated by 90 degrees. The linkage direction of the cylinder assemblies in each group is the same and the speed is the same. The cylinder components of the group move in opposite directions and at the same speed.

Optionally, the fuel used in the internal combustion engine is hydrogen.

The internal combustion engine provided by the present invention avoids the use of a crankshaft by arranging a cylinder assembly and a connecting rod, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing costs.

The central main shaft and central gear structure have good rigidity to achieve the purpose of improving rigidity.

This medium internal combustion engine structure can significantly reduce the vibration of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and extend its service life; it can also safely increase the speed and improve the power/displacement ratio when using hydrogen fuel.

Description of the drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein, in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the same reference numerals generally represent Same parts.

Figure 1 is a top view of an internal combustion engine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figure 2 is a front view of the internal combustion engine shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a top view of another internal combustion engine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Among them, 1-integrated cylinder; 2-central shaft seat; 3-auxiliary gear; 4-first cylinder component; 5-balance eccentric wheel; 6-connecting rod; 7-auxiliary shaft; 8-central main shaft; 9- Central gear; 10-second cylinder assembly; 11-third cylinder assembly; 12-fourth cylinder assembly; 201-fifth cylinder assembly; 202-sixth cylinder assembly; 203-seventh cylinder assembly; 204-eighth cylinder Component; 205-ninth cylinder component; 206-tenth cylinder component; 207-eleventh cylinder component; 208-twelfth cylinder component.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be clear that the implementation of the present disclosure is illustrated below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

To illustrate, the following describes various aspects of embodiments that are within the scope of the appended claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is illustrative only. Based on this disclosure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, apparatuses may be implemented and/or methods practiced using any number of aspects set forth herein. Additionally, such apparatus may be implemented and/or methods practiced using other structures and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present disclosure in a schematic manner. The illustrations only show the components related to the present disclosure and are not based on the number, shape and number of components during actual implementation. Dimension drawing, in actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

Additionally, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, one skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects may be practiced without these specific details.

This embodiment discloses an internal combustion engine, including: multiple sets of cylinder assemblies and connecting rods. The multiple sets of cylinder assemblies are evenly arranged along the circumference. The power of the multiple sets of cylinder assemblies is transmitted through the connecting rods. The cylinder assembly includes a cylinder. and the piston, and the angle between the axis of each cylinder assembly and the center line where the circumferential center point is located is less than 50 degrees. The angle between the axis of each cylinder assembly and the center line of the circumference is less than 50 degrees, and the angle between the axis and the center line of the circumference is 90 degrees to facilitate lubrication.

Optionally, it also includes an auxiliary gear and an auxiliary shaft. The auxiliary gear and the auxiliary shaft are arranged on the cylinder assembly. The auxiliary gear is connected to the connecting rod. The auxiliary shaft is connected to the auxiliary gear. The cylinder assembly is connected to the auxiliary gear through the connecting rod. Gear linkage.

Optionally, it also includes a central main shaft and a central gear. The central gear is arranged on the central main shaft. The central main shaft is connected with the connecting rod. The central gear meshes with the auxiliary gear. A balance weight eccentric is provided on the cylinder assembly. , the center line of the circle coincides with the center line of the central spindle.

Optionally, it also includes a central axis seat and a cylinder body, the central spindle is arranged on the central axis seat, and the cylinder assembly is arranged in the cylinder body.

Optionally, the angle between the axis of each set of cylinder components and the center line of the central spindle is the same.

Optionally, there are four sets of cylinder assemblies, and the axes of the four sets of cylinder assemblies are parallel to the center line of the central spindle.

Optionally, the four sets of cylinder assemblies are divided into two groups, each group includes two sets of cylinder assemblies, the cylinder assemblies in each group are circumferentially separated by 180 degrees, the linkage direction of the cylinder assemblies in each group is the same and the speed is the same. The cylinder components linkage in opposite directions and at the same speed.

Optionally, there are eight sets of cylinder assemblies.

Optionally, the eight sets of cylinder assemblies are divided into two groups. Each group includes four sets of cylinder assemblies. Adjacent cylinder assemblies in each group are circumferentially separated by 90 degrees. The linkage direction of the cylinder assemblies in each group is the same and the speed is the same. The cylinder components of the group move in opposite directions and at the same speed.

Optionally, the fuel used in the internal combustion engine is hydrogen.

In a specific application scenario, the internal combustion engine includes four sets of cylinder assemblies, and there is a linkage mechanism so that the at least four pistons are in a linkage relationship. The four sets of cylinder assemblies form a circle around a center line; each set of cylinders The component components are at the same distance from this center line and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction; the axis of each set of cylinder components is at the same angle as this center line and is less than 50 degrees.

The axes of the four sets of cylinder components are all parallel to the center line, that is, the included angle is 0 degrees.

The linkage mechanism is a central spindle arranged on the centerline, not a crankshaft.

There are four sets of cylinder assemblies. Each two cylinder assemblies circumferentially separated by 180 degrees have the same linkage relationship with the same direction and the same speed. The other two sets of cylinder assemblies have the same linkage relationship with the first two sets of cylinder assemblies in the opposite direction. , the same speed.

The number of cylinder assembly assemblies can also be eight sets. There are eight sets of cylinder assemblies. Each four sets of cylinder assemblies are circumferentially separated by 90 degrees. Their linkage relationship is the same direction and the same speed. The other four sets of cylinder assemblies have the same linkage relationship with the first four cylinder assemblies in the opposite direction and the same speed. .

In a specific scenario, the center of the internal gas can be a thick disc without teeth, and the outer ring wall of the thick disc is provided with a sine wave-shaped groove. The connecting rod under each piston does not move in a curve, but in a vertical linear motion. There is a pin on the inside of the connecting rod that extends into the sine wave-shaped groove, thereby creating a linkage relationship.

In one scene, the internal combustion engine has four auxiliary gears, but there is no central main shaft and central gear. The four auxiliary gears are relatively large and bite in pairs, thus having a good linkage relationship. The kinetic energy can be directly output from the shaft of one or more auxiliary gears. For example, when driving a twin-screw compressor, two of the auxiliary gears can each drive a screw.

Four cylinders can share an integrated cylinder block, helping to reduce production costs. Also if the cylinder blocks of each cylinder assembly are independent and connected through structural parts.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, four sets of cylinder components are evenly distributed around the central spindle, and their four axes are parallel to the central spindle. A central gear is provided below the central spindle; each cylinder component passes through a connecting rod below. The auxiliary gear and the central gear form a linkage relationship; the counterweight eccentric wheel just offsets the vertical vibration caused by the corresponding piston movement.

The central gear moves clockwise in Figure 1; the four sets of cylinder components have all moved to the middle position of the stroke, the first cylinder component and the third cylinder component are moving upward, and the second cylinder component and the fourth cylinder component are moving downward; the first The balance weight eccentric wheel on the cylinder assembly and the balance weight eccentric wheel on the third cylinder assembly are about to produce a circumferential clockwise horizontal motion component, and the balance weight eccentric wheel on the second cylinder assembly and the balance weight eccentric wheel on the fourth cylinder assembly are about to Producing a circumferential counterclockwise horizontal motion component, the horizontal vibrations generated by the two sets of counterweight eccentrics are perfectly offset.

The firing order of the four cylinder assemblies may be the first cylinder assembly, the second cylinder assembly, the third cylinder assembly and the fourth cylinder assembly.

As shown in Figure 3, eight sets of cylinder components are evenly distributed around the central spindle, and their eight axes are parallel to the central spindle. A central gear is provided below the central spindle; each cylinder component passes through the connecting rod and auxiliary gear below. It forms a linkage relationship with the central gear; the counterweight eccentric wheel just offsets the vertical vibration caused by the corresponding piston movement.

The central gear moves clockwise in Figure 3; the eight cylinder assemblies have all moved to the middle position of the stroke, the fifth cylinder assembly, the seventh cylinder assembly, the ninth cylinder assembly and the eleventh cylinder assembly are moving upward, and the sixth cylinder assembly is moving upward. , the eighth cylinder assembly, the tenth cylinder assembly, and the twelfth cylinder assembly. The cylinder assemblies are going down; the balance weight eccentrics of the fifth, seventh, ninth, and eleventh cylinder assemblies are about to produce rings. The clockwise horizontal motion component, the balance weight eccentric wheels of the sixth cylinder assembly, the eighth cylinder assembly, the tenth cylinder assembly and the twelfth cylinder assembly will produce a circumferential counterclockwise horizontal motion component, and the two sets of balance weight eccentric wheels The resulting horizontal vibrations are perfectly offset.

The firing sequence of the eight cylinder assemblies can be the fifth cylinder assembly + the ninth cylinder assembly, the sixth cylinder assembly + the tenth cylinder assembly, the seventh cylinder assembly + the eleventh cylinder assembly, the eighth cylinder assembly + the twelfth cylinder components.

The basic principles of the present disclosure have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be pointed out that the advantages, advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present disclosure are only examples and not limitations. These advantages, advantages, effects, etc. cannot be considered to be Each embodiment of the present disclosure must have. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are only for the purpose of illustration and to facilitate understanding, and are not limiting. The above details do not limit the present disclosure to be implemented by using the above specific details.

In this disclosure, relational terms such as first, second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such entity or operation. an actual relationship or sequence. Words such as "includes," "includes," "having," etc. are open-ended terms that mean "including, but not limited to," and may be used interchangeably therewith. As used herein, the words "or" and "and" refer to the words "and/or" and are used interchangeably therewith unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. As used herein, the word "such as" refers to the phrase "such as, but not limited to," and may be used interchangeably therewith.

Additionally, as used herein, "or" used in a recitation of an item beginning with "at least one" indicates a discrete enumeration, such that, for example, a recitation of "at least one of A, B, or C" means A or B or C, or AB, or AC, or BC, or ABC (that is, A and B and C). Furthermore, the word "exemplary" does not mean that the described example is preferred or better than other examples.

It should also be noted that in the systems and methods of the present disclosure, each component or each step can be decomposed and/or recombined. These decompositions and/or recombinations should be considered equivalent versions of the present disclosure.

Various changes, substitutions and alterations to the techniques described herein may be made without departing from the teachings defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, the scope of the claims of the present disclosure is not limited to the specific aspects of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of events, means, methods and acts described above. A currently existing or later developed process, machine, manufacture, composition of events, means, method or act may be utilized that performs substantially the same function or achieves substantially the same results as described herein in a corresponding aspect. Accordingly, the appended claims include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of events, means, methods or acts.

The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

The foregoing description has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure to the form disclosed herein. Although various example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, changes, additions and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims (10)

1. An internal combustion engine, comprising: the cylinder assemblies and the connecting rods are uniformly arranged along the circumference, the power of the cylinder assemblies is transmitted out through the connecting rods, each cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder and a piston, and the included angle between the axis of each cylinder assembly and the central line of the circumference center point is smaller than 50 degrees.

2. The internal combustion engine of claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary gear and an auxiliary shaft, the auxiliary gear and the auxiliary shaft being disposed on the cylinder assembly, the auxiliary gear being connected to the connecting rod, the auxiliary shaft being connected to the auxiliary gear, the cylinder assembly being linked to the auxiliary gear by the connecting rod.

3. The internal combustion engine of claim 2, further comprising a central spindle and a central gear, the central gear being disposed on the central spindle, the central spindle being in communication with the connecting rod, the central gear and the auxiliary gear being in mesh, the cylinder assembly being provided with a counterweight eccentric, the circumference being disposed on a center line coincident with the center line of the central spindle.

4. The internal combustion engine of claim 2, further comprising a central shaft mount and a cylinder block, the central spindle being disposed on the central shaft mount and the cylinder assembly being disposed within the cylinder block.

5. The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the axes of each set of cylinder assemblies are at the same angle to the centerline.

6. The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the cylinder assemblies are four sets, the axes of the four sets of cylinder assemblies being parallel to the central main shaft centerline.

7. The internal combustion engine according to claim 6, wherein the four sets of cylinder assemblies are divided into two sets, each set comprising two sets of cylinder assemblies, the cylinder assemblies in each set being circumferentially spaced 180 degrees apart, the cylinder assemblies in each set being identical in direction of linkage and speed, the cylinder assemblies in the two sets being opposite in direction of linkage and speed.

8. The internal combustion engine of claim 4, wherein the cylinder assembly is eight sets.

9. The internal combustion engine of claim 8, wherein the eight sets of cylinder assemblies are divided into two sets, each set comprising four sets of cylinder assemblies, adjacent cylinder assemblies in each set being circumferentially spaced 90 degrees apart, the cylinder assemblies in each set being identical in direction of linkage and speed, the cylinder assemblies in the two sets being opposite in direction of linkage and speed.

10. The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the fuel used by the internal combustion engine is hydrogen.