CN117297596B - Auditory pathway evaluation analysis device and method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an auditory pathway evaluation analysis device and a method thereof, wherein the auditory pathway evaluation analysis device comprises: the system comprises an SSAEP test signal generating component, a tinnitus simulation signal generating component, a composite signal generating component, a stimulating component, an electroencephalogram recording component, a data processing analysis module, an amplitude determining module and a comparing module. The method is suitable for estimating the damage degree of the auditory system of a tinnitus subject, and can be used for more accurately estimating the overall state of an auditory pathway by generating a simulated tinnitus signal matched with the tinnitus characteristic of the tinnitus subject and correlating and combining the simulated tinnitus signal with an SSAEP test signal to form a real and comprehensive composite excitation signal. By generating a plurality of different SSAEP test signals, which are sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes or phases, different SSAEP responses can be detected in a short time, the test time is reduced, and the function of the auditory pathway can be evaluated more quickly and comprehensively.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a diagnostic device, and more particularly, to a diagnostic device for auditory stimulation, and more particularly, to an auditory pathway evaluation and analysis device and method thereof.
Background
The auditory pathway evaluation analysis technology is to evaluate the functional state of the auditory system in the process of receiving, processing and transmitting sound information through a series of tests and analysis, so that the problem of individuals on auditory pathways can be known, and the basis is provided for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Conventional auditory pathway assessment analysis typically involves using behavioral responses to assess a subject's perception and understanding of acoustic stimuli, which relies on the subject's subjective behavioral responses, and the subject's ability to understand, concentration, and willingness to cooperate may affect the accuracy of the results.
Existing objective audiometry may employ auditory evoked potential and steady state evoked potential (SSAEP) techniques to assess a subject's hearing. However, for tinnitus subjects, existing auditory evoked potentials and steady state evoked potentials suffer from several drawbacks, mainly: assessing the auditory system response of a tinnitus subject by acoustic stimulation, but does not simulate the real auditory environment and experience experienced by a tinnitus patient in daily life; the signal-to-noise ratio of the SSAEP response is small, the test time is long, the comfort and tolerance of tinnitus patients are affected, and the reliability of the test is reduced.
Accordingly, there is a need for an improvement in the auditory pathway evaluation analysis methods of the prior art to solve the above-described problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides an auditory pathway evaluation analysis device and a method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a hearing pathway evaluation analysis method comprising the steps of:
s1, generating a plurality of different SSAEP test signals, wherein the SSAEP test signals are sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes or phases;
s2, generating corresponding simulated tinnitus signals according to tinnitus characteristic data of different tinnitus subjects, wherein the tinnitus characteristic data comprises: tinnitus frequency, loudness, and phase;
s3, combining a plurality of different SSAEP test signals and analog tinnitus signals to form a composite excitation signal;
s4, conveying the composite excitation signal to a tinnitus subject;
s5, recording the response of the tinnitus subjects when receiving the composite excitation signals through an electroencephalogram, and extracting the response of each SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signals;
s6, analyzing and extracting an evoked potential signal through peaks generated by the response of each SSAEP test signal on corresponding frequencies, identifying a plurality of frequency spectrum components of the evoked potential signal, and calculating harmonic sums;
S7, analyzing the response of the simulated tinnitus signal extracted in the S5 to obtain the response amplitude of the tinnitus simulated signal; determining the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal based on the harmonic sum in S6;
s8, evaluating the hearing impairment degree of the tinnitus subject, and presenting as an impairment degree evaluation value, wherein the impairment degree evaluation value= (hearing evoked potential signal overall amplitude-response amplitude of tinnitus analog signal)/normal amplitude 100% + (1- (tinnitus frequency/average normal frequency)); wherein, normal amplitude means: the average normal frequency is the average frequency of the SSAEP test signal for a control subject without tinnitus disturbance, as compared to the reference value of the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal for a control subject without tinnitus disturbance.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, a plurality of SSAEP test signals are obtained by amplitude offset modulation, frequency offset modulation, and phase offset modulation; the amplitude offset is modulated to 0-100%, the phase offset is modulated to 0-360 degrees, and the frequency offset is modulated to 1-5 Hz.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in said S3, a plurality of different SSAEP test signals and said analog tinnitus signal are combined in a linear superposition.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S5, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s51, placing an evoked potential electrode on the head of a tinnitus subject and connecting the evoked potential electrode to an electroencephalogram device;
s52, when the tinnitus subjects receive the stimulation of the composite excitation signal, starting the electroencephalogram equipment to record;
s53, analyzing the EEG data, and extracting the response of each SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signal by observing the peak on each frequency.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S6, the spectral components of the evoked potential signals are identified by fourier transform or wavelet transform.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S7, the response of the analog tinnitus signal is obtained by peak detection or waveform analysis to obtain frequency and amplitude characteristics.
The invention provides an auditory pathway evaluation and analysis device, which is based on the auditory pathway evaluation and analysis method, and comprises the following steps:
SSAEP test signal generation component: the method comprises the steps of generating a plurality of different SSAEP test signals, wherein the SSAEP test signals are sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes or phases;
a tinnitus analog signal generation component for generating an analog tinnitus signal corresponding to a tinnitus signature of a tinnitus subject;
A composite signal generating component for combining a plurality of the SSAEP test signals and the analog tinnitus signal and forming a composite excitation signal;
a stimulation component for imparting an auditory stimulus of the composite stimulation signal to a tinnitus subject;
the electroencephalogram recording assembly comprises an evoked potential electrode, an amplifier and a data recorder which are connected in sequence; the evoked potential electrode is attached to the brain and used for detecting the response of the SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signal; the data logger is configured to record and process the response of the SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signal;
the data processing analysis module is connected with the data recorder and used for analyzing and extracting auditory evoked potential signal characteristics according to the response of the SSAEP test signal, identifying a plurality of frequency spectrum components of the auditory evoked potential signal and calculating harmonic sums;
an amplitude determination module for determining an overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal and an amplitude of a response of the tinnitus analog signal;
a comparison module for evaluating the extent of impairment of auditory system function in a tinnitus subject based on the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal, the amplitude of the response of the tinnitus analog signal, and the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal in a control subject.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the SSAEP test signal generating unit includes: a sine wave generator, an amplitude modulator, a frequency modulator, a phase modulator and a signal controller;
the sine wave generator is used for generating a sine wave test signal with a basic frequency; the amplitude modulator is used for performing offset modulation on the amplitude of the sine wave test signal, the frequency modulator is used for performing offset modulation on the frequency of the sine wave test signal, and the phase modulator is used for performing offset modulation on the phase of the sine wave test signal;
the sine wave generator receives instructions from the signal controller through control signals to generate sine wave test signals with basic frequencies, and the amplitude modulator, the frequency modulator and the phase modulator receive instructions from the signal controller through control signals to modulate the sine wave test signals.
The invention solves the defects existing in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an auditory pathway evaluation analysis method which is suitable for evaluating the damage degree of an auditory system of a tinnitus subject, and by generating a simulated tinnitus signal matched with the tinnitus characteristic of the tinnitus subject and correlating and combining the simulated tinnitus signal with an SSAEP test signal, a real and comprehensive composite excitation signal is formed, the real auditory environment of an individual can be more accurately simulated, the overall state of the auditory pathway can be more accurately evaluated, and a more reliable theoretical support is provided for diagnosis and treatment.
The invention generates a plurality of different SSAEP test signals which are sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes or phases, so as to introduce more changes; by stimulating the test signal of linear superposition to the tinnitus subjects, different SSAEP responses can be detected in a short time, the test time is reduced, the test efficiency is improved, and the function of the auditory pathway can be evaluated more rapidly and comprehensively.
The invention extracts the response of each SSAEP test signal and the simulated tinnitus signal by recording and analyzing the electroencephalogram response of the subject upon receipt of the composite excitation signal, and determines the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential and the amplitude of the tinnitus simulated signal. Assessing the extent of impairment of auditory system function in tinnitus subjects by comparison to the overall amplitude of auditory evoked potentials in control subjects; the automatic evaluation mode can reduce the influence of human factors on the evaluation result and improve the accuracy and objectivity of the evaluation.
The invention generates the SSAEP test signal and the analog tinnitus signal with maximum amplitude and minimum noise by selecting specific frequency, amplitude and phase combinations, which helps to increase the amplitude of the SSAEP response and reduce the effect of background noise. In addition, in the test process, the composite excitation signal is presented for multiple times and the response of each stimulus is overlapped, so that the amplitude of the SSAEP response can be increased, the influence of random noise is reduced, the larger the overlapped times are, the larger the amplitude of the response is, the smaller the influence of the random noise is, the response of each stimulus is overlapped, the increase of the amplitude of the SSAEP response is facilitated, and the influence of the random noise is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an auditory pathway evaluation analysis device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of an auditory pathway evaluation analysis method of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an auditory pathway evaluation analysis device comprising:
SSAEP test signal generation component: the method comprises the steps of generating a plurality of different SSAEP test signals, wherein the SSAEP test signals are sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes or phases;
a tinnitus analog signal generation component for generating an analog tinnitus signal corresponding to a tinnitus signature of a tinnitus subject;
the composite signal generating component is used for combining a plurality of SSAEP test signals and the analog tinnitus signals and forming a composite excitation signal;
a stimulation component for imparting an auditory stimulus of a composite stimulation signal to a tinnitus subject;
the electroencephalogram recording assembly comprises an evoked potential electrode, an amplifier and a data recorder which are connected in sequence; the evoked potential electrode is attached to the brain and used for detecting the response of the SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signal; the data recorder is used for recording and processing the response of the SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signal;
the data processing analysis module is connected with the data recorder and used for analyzing and extracting the characteristics of the auditory evoked potential signals according to the response of the SSAEP test signals, identifying a plurality of frequency spectrum components of the auditory evoked potential signals and calculating harmonic sums;
an amplitude determination module for determining an overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal and an amplitude of a response of the tinnitus analog signal;
A comparison module for evaluating the extent of impairment of auditory system function in the tinnitus subject based on the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal, the amplitude of the response of the tinnitus analog signal, and the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal in a control subject.
The SSAEP test signal generating component comprises the following components:
sine wave generator: for generating sine wave test signals of different frequencies, amplitudes or phases;
and a signal controller: for controlling the sine wave generator to generate a test signal having a particular frequency, amplitude and phase;
amplitude modulator: for offset modulating the amplitude of the sine wave test signal to introduce variations;
a frequency modulator: for offset modulating the frequency of the sine wave test signal to introduce variations;
a phase modulator: for offset modulating the phase of the sine wave test signal to introduce variations.
In the invention, a sine wave generator, a signal controller, an amplitude modulator, a frequency modulator and a phase modulator are connected with each other through control signals; the sine wave generator receives instructions from the signal controller through the control signal and generates sine wave test signals with specific frequency, amplitude and phase; the amplitude modulator, frequency modulator and phase modulator also receive instructions from the signal controller via the control signal to modulate the sine wave test signal. These components are interconnected by a control signal, and work cooperatively to generate SSAEP test signals having specific frequencies, amplitudes and phases, and to introduce variations in the composite signal so as to be able to more fully evaluate the function of the auditory pathway.
The sine wave generator of the present invention may be an oscillator that receives the frequency control signal from the signal controller and generates a sine wave test signal of a corresponding frequency, and the oscillator may be implemented using analog or digital circuitry.
The signal controller may be a microprocessor or FPGA (field programmable gate array) or the like that receives instructions from a user and converts the instructions into control signals that are sent to the sine wave generator, amplitude modulator, frequency modulator, and phase modulator.
The amplitude modulator may be an amplifier or attenuator that receives the control signal from the signal controller and adjusts the amplitude of the sine wave test signal based on the control signal. For example, as the control signal increases, the amplifier increases the amplitude of the sine wave test signal and conversely decreases.
The frequency modulator may be a frequency shifter that receives the control signal from the signal controller and changes the frequency of the sine wave test signal based on the control signal. For example, when the control signal increases, the frequency shifter increases the frequency of the sine wave test signal and decreases the other way around.
The phase modulator may be a phase shifter that receives the control signal from the signal controller and changes the phase of the sine wave test signal based on the control signal. For example, when the control signal increases, the phase shifter rotates the phase of the sine wave test signal clockwise by a certain angle, and conversely, counterclockwise by a certain angle.
The invention relates to a tympanic analogue signal generating component, which comprises:
a sound synthesizer: inputting the collected tinnitus characteristic data into a sound synthesizer based on a sound synthesis technology of waveform synthesis to generate an analog tinnitus signal;
the filter is used for adjusting the characteristics of the frequency, the loudness and the like of the analog tinnitus signal;
a memory for storing tinnitus characterization data and a generated analog tinnitus signal;
and the processing module is used for further processing and analyzing the generated analog tinnitus signal.
After the sound synthesizer generates the analog tinnitus signal, the analog tinnitus signal is output to the filter for processing; the filter adjusts characteristics such as frequency and loudness of the simulated tinnitus signal according to preset parameters or instructions; the processing module receives the analog tinnitus signal processed by the filter and further analyzes and processes the analog tinnitus signal. The memory is used to store tinnitus characterization data and the generated analog tinnitus signal for subsequent analysis and processing.
Here, the sound synthesizer may be a special sound synthesizing chip or processor, or may be a software program having a sound synthesizing function. It accepts tinnitus characterization data as input and converts these data to an analog tinnitus signal using waveform synthesis techniques. For example, if the tinnitus characterization data represents tinnitus of a particular frequency, the sound synthesizer may convert that frequency to a form of sine wave and generate a corresponding analog tinnitus signal. For example, the frequency range is 20Hz-20kHz; the waveform shape is sine wave; the sampling rate is 34.1kHz-96kHz; the bit depth is 16 bits to 24 bits.
The filter may be a digital filter circuit or software program for adjusting the frequency and loudness characteristics of the analog tinnitus signal. For example, the center frequency is 500Hz-10kHz, the bandwidth is 50Hz-500Hz, and the gain is 0dB-10dB.
The storage may be a memory chip, hard drive, or solid state drive. The memory may store tinnitus characterization data and corresponding simulated tinnitus signals for each tinnitus subject for subsequent analysis and processing. For example, the storage capacity is 1GB-1TB and the data format is WAV or MP3.
The processing module may be a digital signal processing chip or software program for further processing and analysis of the generated analog tinnitus signal. For example, the processing module may analyze spectral components of the analog tinnitus signal, calculate harmonic sums, and the like, and provide a basis for subsequent assessment of auditory system function.
The composite signal generating component of the present invention may include an adder or signal mixer for combining several different SSAEP test signals with the analog tinnitus signal. By adding or mixing the different SSAEP test signals and the analog tinnitus signal, a composite excitation signal may be formed.
Here, an adder or a signal mixer is an electronic device or a circuit for combining two or more input signals into one output signal. The function of the adder or signal mixer is to combine and superimpose the input signals in a specified manner, thereby producing an output signal with specific characteristics. In a composite signal generating assembly, an adder or signal mixer is required to process sine wave test signals of different frequencies, amplitudes and phases and combine them with an analog tinnitus signal to generate a composite excitation signal that can be used to evaluate auditory pathway function.
The stimulating assembly of the present invention may include an auditory stimulating device such as headphones or speakers for presenting a composite stimulating signal to a tinnitus subject. For example, the audio is played through headphones or speakers, the output volume is 0dB-120dB, and the output quality is stereophonic or monophonic.
The electroencephalogram recording component of the present invention includes:
an evoked potential electrode for capturing electrical activity of the brain, the electrode recording evoked potential changes by contacting the scalp;
the amplifier is used for amplifying the weak electric signals captured by the evoked potential electrodes;
the filter is used for filtering noise, comprises removing noise such as electromagnetic interference or muscle activity, and only retains signals of brain activity;
A data logger for recording and processing the electrical signals of the electrodes, the data logger converting the electrical signals into a data format for analysis and storing in a computer or data storage device;
analysis unit: the brain activity analysis software is used for analyzing the recorded electroencephalogram data, and extracting the characteristics of brain activities such as frequency, amplitude, phase and the like.
The evoked potential electrode of the present invention may include an active electrode attached to the cortex of the tinnitus subject, a reference electrode attached to the neck of the tinnitus subject, and a ground electrode attached to the collarbone of the tinnitus subject. The filter may remove low frequency noise, such as muscle activity, using a high pass filter. The amplifier is used for amplifying weak electric signals captured by the electrodes. The amplification factor refers to the amplification factor of the signal amplified by the amplifier, and is 10-100 times. The data logger converts the electrical signals of the electrodes into a data format, such as numerical or time series data, that can be analyzed. The data conversion and processing process comprises the steps of baseline correction, denoising, time-frequency analysis and the like. The analysis method of the analysis unit may include one of time-frequency analysis or regression analysis.
After the electrode captures the electrical activity signals of the brain, the signals are transmitted to the amplifier; the amplifier amplifies the weak electric signals captured by the electrodes and then transmits the amplified signals to the filter; the filter filters noise and interference in the output signal of the amplifier, and then transmits the filtered signal to the data recorder; the data recorder converts the signals filtered by the filter into a data format which can be analyzed and stores the data in a computer or data storage device; the analysis unit reads the stored data format and parses and analyzes the data to extract features of brain activity such as frequency, amplitude and phase. The connection between the components is based on the sequence of signal processing and data transmission, and the data is finally recorded and analyzed after the signals are captured by the electrodes, amplified, filtered and processed. The connection relationship between these components is linear, and the connection is performed in the order of signal processing and data transmission.
The electroencephalogram recording component is used for capturing, amplifying, filtering and recording the electrical activity of the brain and analyzing to extract the characteristics of the brain activity; the method has the following advantages: 1. capturing the electrical activity of the brain in a non-invasive way to realize noninvasive detection; 2. electroencephalogram recordings can provide high time resolution data that can capture rapid changes and dynamic processes of brain electrical activity.
The data processing and analyzing module in the invention specifically comprises:
and the evoked potential signal analysis and extraction unit is used for analyzing and extracting the characteristics of the evoked potential signals from the electroencephalogram records. For auditory stimuli, these signals peak at a particular frequency; upon receipt of the composite excitation signal, the brain of the tinnitus subject produces a series of corresponding SSAEP responses in the form of electrical signals that are presented to the electroencephalogram, which are identified and extracted from the electroencephalogram record by the unit via a specific algorithm, which may be one of a baseline correction algorithm or a time-frequency analysis algorithm.
A spectral component identification unit for identifying a plurality of spectral components of the hearing-evoked potential, the spectral components reflecting intensity or energy distribution of the SSAEP test signal at different frequencies;
And the harmonic sum calculating unit is used for calculating the harmonic sum of the evoked potential signals. For periodic signals such as sine waves, the result of the fourier transform is a discrete harmonic component. The unit obtains the harmonic sum of the evoked potential signals by calculating the harmonic components after Fourier transformation.
For example, using a sine wave with a frequency of 40Hz as the SSAEP test signal, the brain will produce a corresponding SSAEP response after the composite excitation signal is presented to the tinnitus subject. This response signal can be extracted from the electroencephalogram recording by the evoked potential signal analyzing and extracting unit; the spectral component identification unit performs fourier transform on the response signal to obtain an analysis result of the spectral component. A harmonic sum calculation unit calculates a harmonic sum of this response signal.
The amplitude determining component in the invention comprises: an amplitude measuring unit and a tinnitus analog signal amplitude determining unit; wherein the amplitude measurement unit is used for measuring the overall amplitude of the hearing evoked potential of the tinnitus subject. The unit may extract the maximum amplitude value of the electrical signal over a specific period of time as the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential by performing an amplitude analysis on the electroencephalogram signal. The tinnitus analog signal amplitude determination unit is used for determining the amplitude of the tinnitus analog signal. The unit may extract the maximum amplitude value of the electrical signal over a specific period of time as the amplitude of the tinnitus analog signal by performing an amplitude analysis on the analog tinnitus signal.
The comparison module in the invention comprises: the device comprises a normal amplitude determining unit, an average normal frequency determining unit, a tinnitus frequency determining unit and a damage degree calculating module.
Wherein the normal amplitude determining unit is used for determining the hearing evoked potential amplitude of the control subject. It can be achieved by analyzing the electroencephalogram data or data in a reference database of control subjects, where the control subjects are control subjects without tinnitus interference.
And the average normal frequency determining unit is used for determining the average normal frequency and is obtained by analyzing and calculating data in a control subject or a reference database.
And the tinnitus frequency determination unit is used for determining tinnitus frequency, and is determined through a tinnitus test experiment.
The damage degree calculation module is used for calculating the damage degree according to the overall amplitude of the hearing evoked potential, the amplitude of the tinnitus analog signal, the normal amplitude, the tinnitus frequency and the average normal frequency. The damage degree calculating module is used as a center, receives data from the other three units and calculates the damage degree according to the data.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides an auditory pathway evaluation analysis method, which includes the following steps:
S1, generating a plurality of different SSAEP test signals, wherein the SSAEP test signals are sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes or phases;
s2, generating corresponding simulated tinnitus signals according to tinnitus feature data of different tinnitus subjects, wherein the tinnitus feature data comprises: tinnitus frequency, loudness, and phase;
s3, combining a plurality of different SSAEP test signals and analog tinnitus signals to form a composite excitation signal;
s4, transmitting the composite excitation signal to a tinnitus subject in a form of stimulating sound playing;
s5, recording the response of the tinnitus subjects when receiving the composite excitation signals through an electroencephalogram, and extracting the response of each SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signals;
s6, analyzing and extracting an evoked potential signal through peaks generated by the response of each SSAEP test signal on corresponding frequencies, identifying a plurality of frequency spectrum components of the evoked potential signal, and calculating harmonic sums;
s7, analyzing the response of the simulated tinnitus signal extracted in the S5 to obtain the response amplitude of the tinnitus simulated signal; determining the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal based on the harmonic sum in S6;
s8, evaluating the hearing impairment degree of the tinnitus subject, and presenting as an impairment degree evaluation value, wherein the impairment degree evaluation value= (hearing evoked potential signal overall amplitude-response amplitude of tinnitus analog signal)/normal amplitude 100% + (1- (tinnitus frequency/average normal frequency)); wherein, normal amplitude means: the average normal frequency is the average frequency of the SSAEP test signal for a control subject without tinnitus disturbance, as compared to the reference value of the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal for a control subject without tinnitus disturbance.
In step S1, in order to generate several different SSAEP test signals, SSAEP test signals of different frequency, amplitude or phase sine waves are generated in order to introduce variations in the composite signal, so that the function of the auditory pathway can be evaluated more fully. Each test signal has its specific frequency, amplitude and phase, so that in a composite signal each test signal has a unique effect on the overall response.
By combining these different test signals, a composite stimulus signal can be formed that contains all the individual test signal components. This composite signal, when presented to a tinnitus subject, will produce a series of corresponding SSAEP responses in the brain thereof. Although these responses interfere with each other, each individual SSAEP response can be accurately acquired because they are linearly superimposed.
In one embodiment, the following steps may be employed:
s11, determining a basic frequency, wherein the basic frequency is determined by an expected SSAEP response frequency;
s12, selecting a specific amplitude or phase offset and a specific frequency offset for each test signal to generate a plurality of different sine wave test signals.
In step S11, the expected SSAEP response frequency refers to the frequency at which the tinnitus subject expects to respond in the brain after receiving the composite excitation signal. In some embodiments, the individual expected SSAEP response frequency for each tinnitus subject is determined by conducting a preliminary test; this may be accomplished by presenting a single test signal and recording the electroencephalogram response of the tinnitus subject; these preliminary data are then used to calculate the expected SSAEP response frequency for each tinnitus subject.
For example, a single frequency sine wave test signal is applied to a tinnitus subject and a corresponding electroencephalogram response is recorded. Tinnitus subjects presented with a sine wave test signal at a frequency of 40Hz, with a significant peak in the recorded electroencephalogram response at 40Hz. From this electroencephalogram data, it can be observed that the frequency corresponding to the peak of the electroencephalogram response of each tinnitus subject coincides with the frequency of the presented test signal. Thus, each tinnitus subject was determined to have an individualized expected SSAEP response frequency of 40Hz based on the peak electroencephalogram response.
The base frequency is determined to be the expected SSAEP response frequency in the present invention to ensure that the generated composite excitation signal is effective to stimulate the brain of the tinnitus subject and produce a reliable SSAEP response. If the base frequency does not match the expected response frequency, the composite signal may not produce an effective response in the brain of the tinnitus subject, which may affect the accuracy of the overall evaluation analysis. The fundamental frequency will be chosen to be within the frequency range of the expected SSAEP response, for example between 40Hz and 100 Hz. In one embodiment, if the expected SSAEP response frequency is 40Hz, then the base frequency is selected to be 40Hz.
Different combinations of amplitude, phase and frequency of each test signal will have different effects on the overall response in step S12, and by varying the amplitude offset, phase offset and frequency offset of each test signal, more variation can be introduced in the composite signal to enable a more comprehensive assessment of the function of the auditory pathway.
It should be noted that, here, the amplitude of the signal may be changed by a change in the amplitude offset, and the change in the amplitude may affect the perceived intensity of the signal and the amplitude of the brain response thereto; the phase shift amount can change the phase of the signal, and the change of the phase can influence the shape of the signal and the property of the brain responding to the signal; the change in frequency offset may change the frequency of the signal, which may affect the frequency characteristics of the brain in response thereto.
In some embodiments, the amplitude offset is any value that varies between 0 and 100%, the phase offset is any value between 0 and 360 °, and the frequency offset may be any value that varies over a range, such as between 1Hz and 5 Hz.
In step S2, a simulated tinnitus signal is generated by obtaining specific tinnitus characteristics for different tinnitus subjects. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
S21, collecting basic data of tinnitus subjects, wherein the basic data comprises: age, gender, hearing status, tinnitus duration, tinnitus type (e.g., high-tone, low-tone), tinnitus location (e.g., in-ear, in-brain) information;
s22, performing a tinnitus test experiment on a tinnitus subject to obtain tinnitus characteristic data of the tinnitus subject, wherein the tinnitus characteristic data comprises: tinnitus frequency, loudness, and phase;
s23, generating a simulated tinnitus signal according to the tinnitus characteristic data obtained in the step S22;
s24, adjusting the simulated tinnitus signal to ensure that the simulated tinnitus signal is basically consistent with the actual tinnitus characteristics of a tinnitus subject.
It should be noted that the above is only one possible implementation, and that the specific implementation may vary depending on the condition of the tinnitus subject, device limitations, and other factors. Furthermore, for different tinnitus types and characteristics, it may be desirable to employ different methods to generate the analog tinnitus signal.
In some embodiments, tinnitus test experiments may be performed by playing audio signals of different frequencies, loudness and phase by asking the patient which signals are similar to their tinnitus. By this method, the characteristic data of the frequency, loudness and phase of tinnitus can be obtained. However, the results of the test experiments may be affected by factors such as subjective feelings and hearing conditions of the patient.
In some embodiments, the frequency and intensity of tinnitus is assessed by measuring the electrical response activity produced by the sound by a tinnitus meter. This approach can avoid the impact of subjective feelings, as it is based on the measurement of physiological responses. In some embodiments, otoacoustic emissions and electrophysiological testing may also be employed, which may detect electrical activity of the cochlea and auditory nerve, thereby assessing the frequency, loudness, and phase of tinnitus.
In step S23, the generated analog tinnitus signal needs to be correlated with the test signal generated in step S12.
These signals are all sine wave based and vary in frequency, amplitude or phase. In S23, generating an analog tinnitus signal according to tinnitus characteristic data (e.g., frequency, loudness, phase, etc.) of the tinnitus subject; this simulated tinnitus signal may be regarded as a special case of the SSAEP test signal, which has the same properties as the SSAEP test signal, but with the parameters of frequency, amplitude or phase adjusted to match the tinnitus characteristics of the tinnitus subject.
Here, the tinnitus analog signal is used to simulate the sound heard by the tinnitus patient. These signals may include noise, music or other sounds of different frequencies and volumes to simulate as much as possible the perception of a tinnitus patient. Since the hearing condition of a tinnitus patient may be abnormal, the amplitude of the tinnitus analog signal may be relatively small. In some embodiments, the tinnitus analog signal is 10-30mV in amplitude.
In step S23, the purpose of correlating the generated simulated tinnitus signal with the test signal generated in step S12 is to: individual and targeted auditory pathway assessment is achieved. The tinnitus characteristics (e.g., frequency, loudness, phase, etc.) of each tinnitus subject are unique and therefore, in order to more accurately assess the state of the auditory pathway, it is necessary to generate a simulated tinnitus signal matching its tinnitus characteristics for each tinnitus subject, forming a personalized test.
In S12 different test signals are generated for simulating different auditory pathway states, which may be regarded as variants of sine waves, whose frequency, amplitude or phase are changed to generate signals with different characteristics. Combining these simulated tinnitus signals, which match the tinnitus characteristics of the tinnitus subject, with these test signals having different characteristics, a more realistic, comprehensive composite excitation signal may be formed, thereby more accurately assessing the overall state of the auditory pathway. By correlating the simulated tinnitus signal with the test signal, the individual's real auditory environment may be more accurately simulated when presented to the tinnitus subject, resulting in a more accurate brain response. This helps to improve the accuracy of auditory pathway assessment, providing more reliable information for diagnosis and treatment.
In step S23, the generation of the simulated tinnitus signal may be achieved by the tinnitus simulated signal generating component, where the tinnitus simulated signal generating component is described above and will not be described here again.
In step S3, several different SSAEP test signals generated in step S12 are combined with the simulated tinnitus signal in step S23 to form a composite excitation signal. Here, the combining method may combine several different SSAEP test signals and an analog tinnitus signal in a linear superposition.
Specifically, the frequency components of each SSAEP test signal and the analog tinnitus signal are converted into time domain signals by extracting the frequency components of each SSAEP test signal and the analog tinnitus signal, and the composite excitation signal is obtained by superimposing each time domain signal.
For example, there are two SSAEP test signals, denoted asAndand an analog tinnitus signal t (t). Firstly, converting the two SSAEP test signals and the analog tinnitus signal from a time domain to a frequency domain, and realizing the conversion by Fourier transform to obtain、And t (t)、And T (f); will be、And T (f) are added together,a spectral representation C (f) of the composite excitation signal is obtained. The complex excitation signal C (t) is obtained by inverse transformation to convert C (f) back into the time domain.
The linear superposition combination mode can better understand the neural response of tinnitus subjects when receiving different types of sound signals. Knowing the sensitivity of the brain of a tinnitus subject to different types of sound signals by comparing the neural response of the tinnitus subject to SSAEP test signal stimuli of different frequencies, amplitudes or phases; at the same time, the sensitivity of the brain of the tinnitus subjects to the self tinnitus sound can also be known by comparing the neural response of the tinnitus subjects under the simulated tinnitus signal stimulus.
In step S4, the above-mentioned composite excitation signal is transmitted to the tinnitus subject in a manner of stimulating sound playing, and may be passed through headphones or speakers. Here, the duration of each stimulus sound playing may be 50ms, 100ms or 200ms, and the repetition number may be 1000, 2000 or more repetitions. The number of SSAEP responses generated depends on the number of different SSAEP test signals received by the tinnitus subject in the composite excitation signal. If the composite stimulus signal contains n different SSAEP test signals, generating n SSAEP test signal responses in the brain of the tinnitus subject; at the same time, a response to the analog tinnitus signal is also generated.
In one embodiment, to ensure that the tinnitus subjects clearly hear the composite excitation signal, one may resort to improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal or using noise cancellation techniques to reduce the interference of external noise.
In step S5, the reason why an electroencephalogram (EEG) is used to record the response of a tinnitus subject upon receiving a composite excitation signal is that an electroencephalogram can non-invasively monitor the electrical activity of the brain, with high temporal resolution, capable of capturing the transient response of the brain upon receiving a stimulus or performing a specific task.
The reason for each response producing a peak at the corresponding frequency is that: communication and cooperation between brain neurons is performed at a specific frequency, and when a specific frequency component in the composite excitation signal matches the natural frequency of the brain, a corresponding response of the brain is elicited. This reaction appears to produce a peak, i.e. a spectral component, at the corresponding frequency.
In one embodiment, electroencephalographic recording is employed, comprising the steps of:
s51, placing an evoked potential electrode on the head of a tinnitus subject so as to capture an electroencephalogram signal; wherein the evoked potential electrodes can be attached to the scalp of the subject and connected to an electroencephalogram device;
S52, when the tinnitus subjects receive the stimulation of the composite excitation signal, starting the electroencephalogram equipment to record;
s53, analyzing the EEG data, and extracting the response of each SSAEP test signal and the simulated tinnitus signal by observing the peak on each frequency.
In step S6, this may be achieved by a data processing analysis module, analyzing and extracting the evoked potential signals, identifying several spectral components of the auditory evoked potential signals, and calculating the harmonic sum, by peaks generated at the corresponding frequencies in response to each SSAEP test signal.
It should be noted that, the evoked potential signal is the response of the SSAEP test signal in the present application, and the response of the analog tinnitus signal is not included in the evoked potential signal, because the present invention focuses on the nervous system response induced by the SSAEP test signal, i.e. the response of the SSAEP test signal is regarded as the evoked potential signal. The response of the analog tinnitus signal, while also part of the brain's response to the composite excitation signal, is not directly evoked by the SSAEP test signal. Thus, the response of the analog tinnitus signal is not included in the evoked potential signal in the evaluation method.
Here, the data processing analysis module functions in: first, analyzing and extracting evoked potential signals, including identifying and measuring multiple spectral components of neural activity caused by SSAEP test signals and analog tinnitus signals; secondly, the extraction of the characteristics of the tinnitus analogue signal involves the measurement of the frequency and amplitude characteristics of the analogue tinnitus signal, which provide information about the type and severity of the tinnitus.
In one embodiment, the data processing and analysis process in step S6 includes the steps of:
s61, analyzing and extracting frequency spectrum components: performing spectrum analysis on the response of each identified SSAEP test signal, and identifying and measuring a plurality of spectrum components of each identified SSAEP test signal by a Fourier transform method and a wavelet transform method;
s62, harmonic analysis and harmonic sum calculation: computing a harmonic sum of each SSAEP test signal for its response;
s63, outputting data: and outputting the analysis and extraction results, including the frequency spectrum component and harmonic sum of the evoked potential signals.
For example, where the response of the SSAEP test signal includes three spectral components, respectively、Andthe amplitudes are respectively、And. The harmonic sum of this response can be calculated by the following steps: performing Fourier transform or wavelet transform on each frequency spectrum component to obtain harmonic components thereof; for the followingThe amplitude of the k-order harmonic component isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Adding the amplitudes of the k-order harmonic components of all the frequency spectrum components to obtain the total k-order harmonic component amplitude; the total k-order harmonic component has an amplitude ofThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating harmonic sums, namely taking the maximum value of all total k-order harmonic component amplitudes; sum of total harmonics to 。
In step S7, the following may be included:
s71: data preprocessing: the data extracted from steps S4-S6 are cleaned and sorted, e.g. to remove noise, to fill in missing values, etc.
S72: amplitude measurement: measuring the amplitude of each response over a range of frequencies of the response of each SSAEP test signal, the amplitudes resulting from peaks produced at the respective frequencies;
s73: overall amplitude calculation: the amplitudes of the responses of all SSAEP test signals are added to obtain a total amplitude of the auditory evoked potential, which may include the amplitudes of multiple spectral components.
S74, tinnitus analog signal characteristic extraction: for the response of the analog tinnitus signal, its frequency and amplitude characteristics are extracted by peak detection or waveform analysis.
In step S8, the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential of the tinnitus subject is compared with the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential of the control subject to assess the extent of auditory impairment in the tinnitus subject.
It should be noted that the control subject herein generally refers to a normal subject, i.e., a subject without tinnitus or other hearing problems. By comparing the auditory evoked potential amplitudes of tinnitus subjects and control subjects, the degree of central nervous system injury in tinnitus patients can be understood.
The invention provides an evaluation method for evaluating the hearing impairment degree of different tinnitus patients:
the damage degree evaluation value= (auditory evoked potential signal overall amplitude-response amplitude of tinnitus analog signal)/normal amplitude 100% > (1- (tinnitus frequency/average normal frequency)).
Wherein the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal is the overall amplitude of the response of all SSAEP test signals, resulting from step S7; the response amplitude of the tinnitus analog signal is derived from S7; normal amplitude refers to: a reference value of the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal in a control subject without tinnitus disturbance, or a reference database; tinnitus frequency is a tinnitus frequency characteristic of the tinnitus subject derived from step S22; the average normal frequency is the average frequency of the SSAEP test signal of a control subject without tinnitus interference, the SSAEP test derived from the control subject, or a reference database.
This formula takes into account the interaction of the SSAEP test signal and the tinnitus analog signal while also comparing the tinnitus frequency to the normal frequency. The greater this value deviates from the normal range, the more severe the hearing loss is considered to be present. Here, (auditory evoked potential signal overall amplitude-response amplitude of tinnitus analog signal)/normal amplitude is defined as: deviations of the auditory evoked potential signals from normal in tinnitus subjects, excluding tinnitus disturbances; (1- (tinnitus frequency/average normal frequency)) is a correction factor for taking into account the influence of tinnitus frequency on the damage degree evaluation value.
In one embodiment, the hearing impairment degree may be classified into three classes A, B and C, which represent mild, moderate and severe impairment, respectively, the impairment degree evaluation values calculated above are set to three thresholds, and the impairment degree evaluation values calculated above are compared with the three thresholds to determine the hearing impairment degree class.
For example, if the injury-level assessment value is greater than a first threshold, the subject may be judged to have a class a hearing injury (mild injury). If the injury-level assessment value is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the subject may be judged to have a class B hearing injury (moderate injury). If the injury degree evaluation value is greater than the second threshold value, the subject may be judged to have a degree of hearing injury of class C (severe injury).
The above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention are intended to suggest that, from the above description, various changes and modifications can be made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of auditory pathway evaluation analysis comprising the steps of:
s1, generating a plurality of different SSAEP test signals, wherein the SSAEP test signals are sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes or phases;
s2, generating corresponding simulated tinnitus signals according to tinnitus characteristic data of different tinnitus subjects, wherein the tinnitus characteristic data comprises: tinnitus frequency, loudness, and phase;
s3, combining a plurality of different SSAEP test signals and analog tinnitus signals to form a composite excitation signal; the combination method comprises the following steps: extracting frequency components of each SSAEP test signal and each analog tinnitus signal, converting the frequency components of each SSAEP test signal and each analog tinnitus signal into a time domain signal by adopting Fourier transformation, and superposing each time domain signal;
s4, presenting the composite excitation signal to a tinnitus subject in a stimulus form;
s5, recording the response of the tinnitus subjects when receiving the composite excitation signals through an electroencephalogram, and extracting the response of each SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signals;
s6, analyzing and extracting an evoked potential signal through peaks generated by the response of each SSAEP test signal on corresponding frequencies, identifying a plurality of frequency spectrum components of the evoked potential signal, and calculating harmonic sums;
S7, analyzing the response of the simulated tinnitus signal extracted in the S5 to obtain the response amplitude of the tinnitus simulated signal; determining the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal based on the harmonic sum in S6;
s8, evaluating the hearing impairment degree of the tinnitus subject, and presenting as an impairment degree evaluation value, wherein the impairment degree evaluation value= (hearing evoked potential signal overall amplitude-tinnitus analog signal response amplitude)/(normal amplitude-tinnitus analog signal response amplitude) ×100%) (1- (tinnitus frequency/average normal frequency)); wherein, normal amplitude means: the average normal frequency is the average frequency of the SSAEP test signal for a control subject without tinnitus disturbance, as compared to the reference value of the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal for a control subject without tinnitus disturbance.
2. The auditory pathway evaluation analysis method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, a plurality of SSAEP test signals are obtained through amplitude offset modulation, frequency offset modulation and phase offset modulation; the amplitude offset is modulated to 0-100%, the phase offset is modulated to 0-360 degrees, and the frequency offset is modulated to 1-5 Hz.
3. The auditory pathway evaluation analysis method according to claim 1, wherein: in the S3, several different SSAEP test signals and the analog tinnitus signal are combined in a linear superposition.
4. The auditory pathway evaluation analysis method according to claim 1, wherein: in S5, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s51, placing an evoked potential electrode on the head of a tinnitus subject and connecting the evoked potential electrode to an electroencephalogram device;
s52, when the tinnitus subjects receive the stimulation of the composite excitation signal, starting the electroencephalogram equipment to record;
s53, analyzing the EEG data, and extracting the response of each SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signal by observing the peak on each frequency.
5. The auditory pathway evaluation analysis method according to claim 1, wherein: in S6, the spectral components of the evoked potential signals are identified by fourier transform or wavelet transform methods.
6. The auditory pathway evaluation analysis method according to claim 1, wherein: in S7, the response of the analog tinnitus signal is subjected to peak detection or waveform analysis to obtain frequency and amplitude characteristics.
7. An auditory pathway evaluation analysis device, based on the auditory pathway evaluation analysis method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising:
SSAEP test signal generation component: the method comprises the steps of generating a plurality of different SSAEP test signals, wherein the SSAEP test signals are sine waves with different frequencies, amplitudes or phases;
a tinnitus analog signal generation component for generating an analog tinnitus signal corresponding to a tinnitus signature of a tinnitus subject;
a composite signal generating component for combining a plurality of the SSAEP test signals and the analog tinnitus signal and forming a composite excitation signal;
a stimulation component for imparting an auditory stimulus of the composite stimulation signal to a tinnitus subject;
the electroencephalogram recording assembly comprises an evoked potential electrode, an amplifier and a data recorder which are connected in sequence; the evoked potential electrode is attached to the brain and used for detecting the response of the SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signal; the data logger is configured to record and process the response of the SSAEP test signal and the response of the simulated tinnitus signal;
the data processing analysis module is connected with the data recorder and used for analyzing and extracting auditory evoked potential signal characteristics according to the response of the SSAEP test signal, identifying a plurality of frequency spectrum components of the auditory evoked potential signal and calculating harmonic sums;
An amplitude determination module for determining an overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal and an amplitude of a response of the tinnitus analog signal;
a comparison module for evaluating the extent of impairment of auditory system function in a tinnitus subject based on the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal, the amplitude of the response of the tinnitus analog signal, and the overall amplitude of the auditory evoked potential signal in a control subject.
8. An auditory pathway evaluation analysis device according to claim 7, wherein: the SSAEP test signal generation component comprises: a sine wave generator, an amplitude modulator, a frequency modulator, a phase modulator and a signal controller;
the sine wave generator is used for generating a sine wave test signal with a basic frequency; the amplitude modulator is used for performing offset modulation on the amplitude of the sine wave test signal, the frequency modulator is used for performing offset modulation on the frequency of the sine wave test signal, and the phase modulator is used for performing offset modulation on the phase of the sine wave test signal;
the sine wave generator receives instructions from the signal controller through control signals to generate sine wave test signals with basic frequencies, and the amplitude modulator, the frequency modulator and the phase modulator receive instructions from the signal controller through control signals to modulate the sine wave test signals.
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| CN103211600A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-24 | 江苏贝泰福医疗科技有限公司 | Hearing diagnosis and treatment device |
| WO2023033647A1 (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-09 | Mindaffect B.V. | Determining a person's sensory capability based on stimulus response amplitude weights |
| CN115886802A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-04 | 广州艾博润医疗科技有限公司 | Intelligent navigation device and method for acoustic stimulation nerve regulation and control treatment |
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| AU2002248412A1 (en) * | 2001-02-05 | 2002-08-19 | Richard F. Moore | Eeg feedback controlled sound therapy for tinnitus |
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| CN103211600A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-24 | 江苏贝泰福医疗科技有限公司 | Hearing diagnosis and treatment device |
| WO2023033647A1 (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-09 | Mindaffect B.V. | Determining a person's sensory capability based on stimulus response amplitude weights |
| CN115886802A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-04 | 广州艾博润医疗科技有限公司 | Intelligent navigation device and method for acoustic stimulation nerve regulation and control treatment |
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