CN117276601A

CN117276601A - Fuel cell thermal component test system, test method and combined test method

Info

Publication number: CN117276601A
Application number: CN202311221796.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈雪松; 杨宝刚; 李云罡
Original assignee: Shandong Guochuang Fuel Cell Technology Innovation Center Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Guochuang Fuel Cell Technology Innovation Center Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-21
Filing date: 2023-09-21
Publication date: 2023-12-22

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell thermal component test system. The fuel cell thermal component test system comprises an anode gas preparation device, a water supply device, a cathode gas preparation device, a normal-temperature air supply device, a preheating device, a control device and a tail exhaust device, wherein the preheating device comprises a first fuel device, a first air supply device, a burner, a first heat exchange structure and a second heat exchange structure, fuel provided by the first fuel device and air provided by the first air supply device are combusted in the burner to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas can supply heat for the first heat exchange structure, the front gas of the cathode gas is preheated, heat is supplied for the second heat exchange structure, and liquid water is evaporated into water vapor and then is mixed with initial mixed gas to form initial anode gas. Through preheating device's setting, can reduce the design requirement of the heating structure in first heating structure and the cathode gas preparation facilities, and can accord with the test demand of hot parts.

Description

Fuel cell thermal component test system, test method and combined test method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell thermal component test system, a test method and a combined test method.

Background

The thermal component of the solid oxide fuel cell (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, SOFC) power generation system bears the heat balance of the whole SOFC power generation module, and the temperature and the components of the input materials of the electric pile are required to be ensured to be in a certain range so as to ensure the stable, reliable and efficient power generation.

The hot parts of the fuel cell comprise parts such as an ejector, a combustor, a heat exchanger, an evaporator, a reformer and the like, in order to ensure that the design of each hot part can meet the requirements when the fuel cell system operates, the hot parts are usually required to be tested and debugged, the hot parts are not generally connected with a galvanic pile for ensuring the use safety of the galvanic pile, the preparation of cathode gas and anode gas is required to be solved when the hot parts are tested and debugged, and the existing laboratory gas distribution method has higher cost and great difficulty in designing a second heating structure due to the characteristics of high flow rate and high temperature of cathode tail gas; the anode tail gas has large water vapor component ratio, high temperature and large preparation difficulty, and brings difficulty to the test and debugging of the hot component.

Accordingly, there is a need for a fuel cell thermal component testing system, method and combination test method that address the above-described issues.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fuel cell hot component test system, a test method and a combined test method, which can quickly prepare components and temperatures of anode gas and cathode gas required by a hot component test and can effectively reduce gas distribution cost.

To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a fuel cell thermal component testing system, the fuel cell thermal component testing system comprising:

an anode gas preparation device for providing an anode gas, the anode gas preparation device comprising an anode gas inlet structure and a first heating structure, the anode gas inlet structure for providing an initial mixed gas;

the water supply device is used for providing liquid water and water vapor, and the water vapor is mixed with the initial mixed gas and then passes through the first heating structure to form the anode gas;

a cathode gas preparation device for providing a cathode gas;

the preheating device comprises a first fuel device, a first air supply device, a preheating burner, a first heat exchange structure and a second heat exchange structure, wherein the first fuel device, the preheating burner, a first channel of the first heat exchange structure and a first channel of the second heat exchange structure are sequentially communicated, the first air supply device is connected with an inlet of the preheating burner, a second channel of the first heat exchange structure is connected with the cathode gas preparation device, a second channel of the second heat exchange structure is connected with the water supply device and is used for evaporating liquid water to form water vapor, the first fuel device is used for providing fuel for the preheating burner, the first air supply device is used for providing air for the preheating burner, the fuel and the air are combusted in the preheating burner to form high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas is used for supplying heat for the first heat exchange structure and the second heat exchange structure;

A normal temperature air supply device for supplying normal temperature air;

the tail exhaust device is used for treating high-temperature flue gas.

As an alternative solution, the fuel cell thermal component testing system further comprises a second fuel device, wherein the second fuel device is used for providing fuel.

As an optional technical scheme, the cathode gas preparation device includes second air supply device, diluent gas air supply device, first blender, oxygen sensor and second heating structure, second air supply device the second passageway of first heat transfer structure, first blender with second heating structure communicates in proper order, diluent gas air supply device connect in first blender, second air supply device is used for providing the air, first heat transfer structure is used for heating the air, diluent gas air supply device is used for providing diluent gas, diluent gas and air mix in first blender obtain initial cathode gas, second heating structure heats initial cathode gas obtain cathode gas, oxygen sensor is used for detecting the oxygen content in the initial cathode gas.

As an optional technical scheme, the cathode gas preparation device comprises a second gas supply device, a third mixer, an oxygen sensor, a second heating structure, a condenser and a carbon dioxide catcher, wherein the second gas supply device, the third mixer, a second channel of the first heat exchange structure, the oxygen sensor and the second heating structure are sequentially communicated; the condenser is connected to an outlet of a first channel of the second heat exchange device, the condenser, the carbon dioxide catcher and the third mixer are sequentially communicated, the second air supply device is used for providing air, the condenser is used for removing moisture in high-temperature flue gas, the carbon dioxide catcher is used for removing carbon dioxide in the high-temperature flue gas, the air and the treated high-temperature flue gas are mixed in the third mixer to obtain initial cathode gas, the first heat exchange structure and the second heating structure are used for heating the initial cathode gas to obtain cathode gas, and the oxygen sensor is used for detecting oxygen content in the initial cathode gas.

As an optional technical solution, the anode gas inlet structure includes a plurality of inlet branches and a fourth mixer, a plurality of inlet branches are used for providing different gases, each inlet branch includes a gas tank and a mass flowmeter, and a plurality of inlet branches are connected to an inlet of the fourth mixer, an outlet of the second channel of the second heat exchange structure is connected to an inlet of the fourth mixer, and an outlet of the fourth mixer is connected to the first heating structure.

As an optional technical scheme, water supply device includes water pitcher, water pump, first water supply branch road and second water supply branch road, the water pitcher with the water pump is connected, the entry of first water supply branch road with the entry of second water supply branch road all connect in the water pump, the exit linkage of first water supply branch road in second heat transfer structure, the second water supply branch road is used for exporting liquid water.

As an optional technical scheme, the first water supply branch is provided with a first switch valve, and the second water supply branch is provided with a second switch valve.

As an optional solution, the tail-exhaust device includes a catalytic burner.

The invention also adopts the following technical scheme:

the test method is suitable for the fuel cell thermal component test system, wherein the thermal component of the fuel cell comprises at least two of an ejector, a combustor, a heat exchanger, an evaporator and a reformer, and comprises the following steps:

s10, connecting an inlet end of a thermal component to be tested to one or more of an anode gas preparation device, a water supply device, a second fuel device, a preheating device and a normal-temperature air supply device, and selectively connecting an outlet end of the thermal component to be tested to a tail row device;

S20, enabling the fuel cell hot component test system to prepare gas or liquid or reaction conditions required by the hot component test, and continuing for a first preset time;

s30, obtaining test data.

The invention also adopts the following technical scheme:

a combined test method suitable for use in a fuel cell thermal component test system as described above for simultaneously testing a combustor, a reformer and an evaporator, the combined test method comprising the steps of:

s100, connecting an inlet of the combustor with the second fuel device, the anode gas preparation device and the cathode gas preparation device;

s200, connecting a first inlet of the reformer with the anode gas preparation device, connecting a second inlet of the reformer with an outlet of the combustor, and connecting a first outlet of the reformer with the tail gas preparation device;

s300, connecting a first inlet of the evaporator to an outlet of the water supply device, connecting a second inlet of the evaporator to the first outlet of the reformer, wherein the first outlet of the evaporator is used for discharging high-temperature steam, and the second outlet of the evaporator is connected to the tail row device;

S400, starting the second fuel device, the anode gas preparation device, the cathode gas preparation device and the water supply device, supplying fuel, anode gas and cathode gas to the burner, supplying anode gas to the reformer, supplying liquid water to the evaporator, and starting the burner, the reformer and the evaporator for a second preset time;

s500, obtaining test data.

As an optional technical solution, the tail gas exhaust device further includes a tail gas mixer, and the tail gas mixer is disposed upstream of the catalytic burner.

As an optional technical scheme, the fuel cell thermal component test system further comprises a control device, wherein the control device is connected with the anode gas preparation device, the water supply device, the second fuel device, the preheating device and the normal-temperature air supply device.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention discloses a fuel cell thermal component test system, which comprises an anode gas preparation device, a water supply device, a second fuel device, a cathode gas preparation device, a normal-temperature air supply device, a preheating device, a control device and a tail discharge device, wherein the water supply device, the second fuel device, the cathode gas preparation device and the normal-temperature air supply device are respectively used for supplying liquid water, fuel, cathode gas and normal-temperature air required by thermal component tests, the preheating device comprises a first fuel device, a first air supply device, a burner, a first heat exchange structure and a second heat exchange structure, the fuel provided by the first fuel device and the air provided by the first air supply device are combusted in the burner to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas can supply heat to the first heat exchange structure, preheat the front gas of the cathode gas, supply heat to the second heat exchange structure, evaporate the liquid water into water vapor and then mix with initial mixed gas to form initial anode gas. Through preheating device's setting, can reduce the design requirement of the heating structure in first heating structure and the cathode gas preparation facilities, and can accord with the test demand of hot parts.

The invention also discloses a test method for sequentially testing the plurality of thermal components, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the thermal components.

The invention also discloses a combined test method which is used for simultaneously testing the burner, the reformer and the evaporator, so that the reliability of the burner, the reformer and the evaporator can be ensured, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the test efficiency can be improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell thermal component testing system of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a control diagram of a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the experimental state of the heat exchanger according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the experimental state of the reformer according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the experimental state of the evaporator according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the experimental state of the ejector according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a test state of a burner according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a combined test of a burner, reformer and evaporator according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell thermal component testing system of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the experimental state of the heat exchanger according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the experimental state of a reformer according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a test state of an evaporator according to embodiment 2 of the invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the experimental state of the ejector according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a test state of a burner according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a combined test of a burner, a reformer and an evaporator according to example 2 of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a mass flowmeter; 2. a thermometer; 3. a pressure gauge; 4. a burner; 401. a burner test interface; 5. a heat exchanger; 501. a heat exchanger test interface; 6. an ejector; 601. an ejector test interface; 7. a reformer; 701. a reformer test interface; 8. an evaporator; 9. a high temperature water vapor discharge outlet port; 10. a high temperature air discharge outlet interface;

111. an air inlet branch; 112. a fourth mixer; 113. a fifth mixer; 114. a sixth mixer; 115. a seventh mixer; 12. a first heating structure; 13. an anode gas interface;

21. a water tank; 22. a water pump; 231. a first switching valve; 241. a second switching valve; 25. a liquid water interface;

31. a methane interface;

41. a second fan; 42. a nitrogen cylinder; 43. a first mixer; 44. an oxygen sensor; 45. a second heating structure; 46. a third mixer; 47. a condenser; 48. a carbon dioxide trap; 49. a cathode gas interface;

52. A first fan; 53. preheating a burner; 54. a first heat exchange structure; 55. a water evaporator; 56. a third fan; 57. a second mixer; 58. a high temperature flue gas interface; 581. an on-off valve;

61. an air interface at normal temperature; 62. a fourth fan;

71. a catalytic burner; 72. a tail gas mixer; 73. tail row interfaces.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

The thermal components of the fuel cell, which need to be subjected to test and debugging, comprise an ejector, a burner, a heat exchanger, an evaporator and a reformer, and different types of test gases are needed by different thermal components. The reformer is a device for converting fuel and steam into hydrogen and carbon monoxide through a catalyst under the condition of high temperature air, and requires the fuel, the steam and the high temperature air as test gases; the burner is a device for generating high-temperature tail gas by the reaction of fuel and air, and the fuel, anode tail gas and cathode tail gas are required to be used as test gases, and meanwhile, in order to ensure that the air is not polluted, the tail gas treatment is required; the ejector is a device for ejecting one fluid and the other fluid, and fuel and anode tail gas are required to be used as test gases, and tail gas treatment is required; the heat exchanger is a device for heat exchange, and in the test, the normal-temperature air is required to exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas of the burner, and the tail gas is required to be treated; the evaporator is a device for evaporating liquid water to form water vapor, and liquid water and cathode tail gas are required as test conditions.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a fuel cell hot component test system, the fuel cell hot component test system includes an anode gas preparation device, a water supply device, a cathode gas preparation device, a preheating device, a normal temperature air supply device and a tail gas exhaust device, the anode gas preparation device is used for providing anode gas, the anode gas preparation device includes an anode gas inlet structure and a first heating structure 12, the anode gas inlet structure is used for providing initial mixed gas, the water supply device is used for providing liquid water and water vapor, the water vapor is mixed with the initial mixed gas, the water supply device is used for providing cathode gas after passing through the first heating structure 12, the preheating device includes a first fuel device, a first air supply device, a preheating burner 53, a first heat exchange structure 54 and a second heat exchange structure, the first fuel device, the preheating burner 53, a first channel of the first heat exchange structure 54 and a first channel of the second heat exchange structure are sequentially communicated, the first air supply device is connected to an inlet of the preheating burner 53, a second channel of the first heat exchange structure 54 is connected with the cathode gas preparation device, a second channel of the second heat exchange structure is connected with the water supply device, the water supply device is used for forming evaporated water and forming fuel vapor, the first fuel device is used for providing flue gas to the first heat exchange structure and the flue gas is used for the flue gas to supply the high temperature to the normal temperature air.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the first heat exchange structure 54 is an air preheater, the second heat exchange structure is a water evaporator 55, the first fuel device provides fuel to the preheating burner 53, the first air supply device provides air to the preheating burner 53, the fuel and the air burn in the preheating burner 53 to form high-temperature flue gas, the air preheater and the water evaporator 55 are sequentially arranged at the downstream of the preheating burner 53, the high-temperature flue gas supplies heat to the second channel of the air preheater and the second channel of the water evaporator 55 when passing through the first channel of the air preheater and the second channel of the water evaporator 55, the second channel of the air preheater is connected with the cathode gas preparation device for heating the pre-gas of the cathode gas, so that the temperature of the pre-gas of the cathode gas can be increased, and the preparation difficulty of the cathode gas is reduced. The second channel of the water evaporator 55 is connected with a water supply device and is used for evaporating liquid water provided by the water supply device into water vapor to finish the preparation of the water vapor; meanwhile, the water supply device can provide liquid water to finish the preparation of the liquid water. The anode gas inlet structure of the anode gas preparation device provides initial mixed gas, the initial mixed gas is mixed with steam to form initial anode gas, the initial anode gas is heated by the first heating structure 12 to form anode gas, and the preparation of the anode gas is completed. The normal temperature air supply device is used for supplying normal temperature air and completing the preparation of the normal temperature air. The fuel cell thermal component test system enables preconditions required by various thermal component tests to be met, improves universality of the fuel cell thermal component test system, and is provided with a tail gas exhaust system for treating tail gas generated in a test process and avoiding air pollution caused by waste gas generated by combustion. And in the process, the preheating device heats the prepositive gas of the cathode gas through the first heat exchange structure 54, so that the temperature of the prepositive gas of the cathode gas can be increased, the preparation difficulty of the cathode gas is reduced, and water vapor is obtained through the water evaporator 55, so that the test system has higher energy utilization rate, and the actual operation condition of a real electric pile can be simulated to the greatest extent, so that the hot component test has higher reliability.

Preferably, the fuel in this embodiment is methane, and in other embodiments, the fuel may be ethane or propane, which is not described herein.

Preferably, a thermometer 2 and a pressure gauge 3 are provided downstream of the water evaporator 55 in the present embodiment for detecting the temperature and pressure of the heat exchanged high temperature flue gas.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, the end of the anode gas preparation device is provided with an anode gas interface 13 for outputting anode gas; the tail end of the water supply device is provided with a liquid water interface 25 for outputting liquid water; the tail end of the second fuel device is provided with a methane interface 31 for outputting methane; the tail end of the preheating device is provided with a high-temperature flue gas interface 58 for outputting high-temperature flue gas; the end of the normal temperature air supply device is provided with a normal temperature air interface 61 for outputting normal temperature air; the inlet end of the tail row device is provided with a tail row interface 73 for receiving high temperature flue gas. Because the test conditions of different thermal components are different, in the actual test process, the thermal components are connected to the corresponding interfaces, and the test system provides different test conditions, so that the tests of different thermal components are completed, and the flexibility of the thermal component test is improved.

The high-temperature flue gas interface 58 in the embodiment is connected with the tail exhaust interface 73, and the tail exhaust device is used for treating the high-temperature flue gas, so that pollution to the outside air is avoided. An on-off valve 581 is further arranged between the high-temperature flue gas interface 58 and the tail exhaust interface 73, and the on-off valve 581 is used for controlling on-off between the high-temperature flue gas interface 58 and the tail exhaust interface 73.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the first air supply device is a first fan 52, a first flow valve is disposed at an outlet of the first fan 52, a second flow valve is disposed at an outlet of the first fuel device, a thermometer 2 is disposed at an outlet of a first channel of the preheating burner 53, the first flow valve and the second flow valve are respectively used for controlling flows of air and fuel, and the first flow valve and the second flow valve can be adjusted according to a temperature value of the thermometer 2, so that a temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is matched with a preset temperature value.

Further, the fuel cell thermal component testing system further comprises a second fuel device for providing fuel. Specifically, in this embodiment, the anode gas, the fuel and the cathode tail gas are required as test conditions during the test of the burner, so that a second fuel device is required to be introduced to provide the fuel for the burner, enrich the types of the thermal components that can be detected by the fuel cell thermal component test system, and promote the versatility of the fuel cell thermal component test system.

Further, the cathode gas preparing apparatus includes a second gas supply device, a diluent gas supply device, a first mixer 43, an oxygen sensor 44, and a second heating structure 45, wherein the second gas supply device, a second channel of the first heat exchanging structure 54, the first mixer 43, and the second heating structure 45 are sequentially connected, the diluent gas supply device is connected to the first mixer 43, the second gas supply device is used for providing air, the first heat exchanging structure 54 is used for heating air, the diluent gas supply device is used for providing diluent gas, the diluent gas and the air are mixed in the first mixer 43 to obtain an initial cathode gas, the second heating structure 45 heats the initial cathode gas to obtain the cathode gas, and the oxygen sensor 44 is used for detecting the oxygen content in the initial cathode gas.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the diluent gas supply means includes a nitrogen gas cylinder 42 for supplying nitrogen gas, and the outlet of the nitrogen gas cylinder 42 is provided with a third flow valve; the second air supply device is a second fan 41, the second fan 41 is used for inputting air, namely front gas of cathode gas, a fourth flow valve is arranged on the outlet side of the second fan 41, the second air supply device is connected with the air preheater, when high-temperature flue gas passes through a first channel of the air preheater, the front gas of the cathode gas in the second channel of the air preheater can be preheated, the front gas of the cathode gas is mixed with nitrogen in the first mixer 43, the nitrogen can reduce the oxygen content of the front gas of the cathode gas, initial cathode gas is obtained, the second heating structure 45 is an electric heater, the initial cathode gas passes through the electric heater to obtain the cathode gas, a thermometer 2 is arranged in front of and behind the electric heater and used for detecting the temperature of the initial cathode gas at the upstream of the electric heater and the temperature of the cathode gas at the downstream of the electric heater, parameters of the electric heater can be adjusted according to the temperature value displayed by the thermometer 2 so as to obtain the cathode gas with proper temperature, and a pressure gauge 3 is arranged at the downstream of the electric heater and used for detecting the pressure of the cathode gas. The oxygen sensor 44 is used for detecting the oxygen content in the initial cathode gas, and when cathode gases with different oxygen contents are required to be prepared, the oxygen content can be changed by adjusting the third flow valve and the fourth flow valve according to the numerical value of the oxygen sensor 44. The high-temperature flue gas heats the preposed gas, so that the heating power of the electric heater can be reduced, the electric heater is convenient to design, the accuracy of temperature control of cathode gas can be improved, and the accuracy of a thermal component test is improved.

Alternatively, in other embodiments, the diluent gas may be other oxygen-free gas except nitrogen, and accordingly, the diluent gas supply device includes a gas cylinder for the corresponding gas, which is not described herein.

Optionally, the preheating device further includes a third air supply device and a second mixer 57, the second mixer 57 being disposed between the preheating burner 53 and the first heat exchanging structure 54, the third air supply device being in communication with the second mixer 57 for inputting air into the second mixer 57. Specifically, in this embodiment, the third air supply device is a third fan 56, the outlet of the third fan 56 is provided with a fifth flow valve, the second mixer 57 is connected between the preheating burner 53 and the air preheater, and is used for mixing the high-temperature flue gas with the air provided by the third fan 56, the thermometer 2 at the outlet of the preheating burner 53 is located at the upstream of the second mixer 57, another thermometer 2 is provided at the downstream of the second mixer 57, the two thermometers 2 are respectively used for detecting the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the inlet and the outlet of the second mixer 57, and according to the temperature values of the high-temperature flue gas before and after the second mixer 57, the first flow valve, the second flow valve and the third flow valve can be adjusted, so as to adjust the temperature value of the high-temperature flue gas, thereby being beneficial to improving the control accuracy of the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the second fan 41 has two air supply channels, namely a first air supply channel and a second air supply channel, the first air supply channel is communicated with the second channel of the air preheater, a fourth flow valve is arranged between the first air supply channel and the second channel of the air preheater, the second fan 41 and the second air supply channel form a room temperature air supply device, and the second air supply channel is provided with a sixth flow valve for controlling the flow of room temperature air.

Further, the anode gas inlet structure comprises a plurality of inlet branches 111 and a fourth mixer 112, the plurality of inlet branches 111 are used for providing different gases, each inlet branch 111 comprises a gas tank and a mass flowmeter 1, the plurality of inlet branches 111 are connected to an inlet of the fourth mixer 112, the second heat exchange structure is connected to an inlet of the fourth mixer 112, and an outlet of the fourth mixer 112 is connected to the first heating structure 12. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first heating structure 12 is an electric heating superheater, the anode gas inlet structure includes four gas inlet branches 111, which are a carbon monoxide gas inlet branch, a carbon dioxide gas inlet branch, a hydrogen gas inlet branch and a methane gas inlet branch, and the actual situation of the operation of the battery using methane as fuel is simulated, each gas inlet branch 111 is respectively provided with a mass flowmeter 1 for detecting and controlling the flow rate of the corresponding gas inlet branch 111, the fourth mixer 112 is used for mixing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane and water vapor of different components to obtain an initial anode gas, the fourth mixer 112 is connected with the electric heating superheater, and the electric heating superheater is used for heating the initial anode gas to obtain the anode gas. The inlet and the outlet of the electric heating superheater are both provided with a thermometer 2 for detecting the temperatures of the initial anode gas and the anode gas, and the parameters of the electric heating superheater can be adjusted according to the temperature value of the thermometer 2 at the inlet of the electric heating superheater and the temperature value of the thermometer 2 at the outlet of the electric heating superheater, so that the temperature of the anode gas is adjusted.

Optionally, in another embodiment, if the actual situation of the operation of the battery using ethane as the fuel needs to be simulated, an ethane intake branch needs to be further added on the basis of the present embodiment to better simulate the components of the anode gas and the proportion of each component, which is not described herein.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, if the actual situation of the operation of the battery using propane as the fuel needs to be simulated, on the basis of this embodiment, an ethane gas inlet branch and a propane gas inlet branch are further required to be added, so as to better simulate the components of the anode gas and the proportion of each component, which will not be described herein.

Preferably, in this embodiment, a fifth mixer 113 is disposed between the carbon monoxide gas inlet branch and the carbon dioxide gas inlet branch, a sixth mixer 114 is disposed between the fifth mixer 113 and the hydrogen gas inlet branch, a seventh mixer 115 is disposed between the sixth mixer 114 and the methane gas inlet branch, the fifth mixer 113 is used for mixing carbon monoxide with carbon dioxide, the sixth mixer 114 is used for mixing a mixture of carbon monoxide with carbon dioxide with hydrogen, and the seventh mixer 115 is used for mixing a mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen with methane to obtain an initial mixed gas. The arrangement can enable carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and methane to be uniformly mixed step by step, so that the subsequent full mixing with water vapor is facilitated, and the uniformity of initial anode gas mixing is improved.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, if it is required to simulate the actual situation of the operation of the battery using ethane or propane as fuel, it is necessary to add other mixers to ensure uniform mixing of various gases, which will not be described herein.

Preferably, in this embodiment, in order to simplify the structure, the second fuel device is used for providing methane, the methane intake branch is also used for providing methane, all the first fuel devices also use methane, and the methane tank of the methane intake branch, the second fuel device and the first fuel device are the same methane tank, and three methane branches are arranged at the downstream of the methane tank, and the first methane branch is connected to the seventh mixer 115 for preparing the initial anode gas; the second methane gas supply branch is a first methane gas supply branch, the tail end of the first methane gas supply branch is provided with a methane interface 31 for providing methane for the thermal component, and the first methane gas supply branch is provided with a seventh flow valve for controlling the flow of the methane output by the first methane gas supply branch; the third is a second methane branch, the end of which is connected to the preheating burner 53 for supplying methane fuel to the preheating burner 53. The device has a simplified structure, and the concentration of the fuel cell thermal component test system is improved.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, if the actual situation of the operation of the battery using ethane or propane as the fuel is simulated, the second fuel device may select a suitable gas tank for connection according to the actual needs, which will not be described herein.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the first flow valve, the second flow valve, the third flow valve, the fourth flow valve, the fifth flow valve, the sixth flow valve and the seventh flow valve are all mass flow meters 1, which can display mass flow in real time and set mass flow to circulate.

Alternatively, in other embodiments, the mass flowmeter 1 can be replaced by a gas mass flow controller and a solenoid valve, which are not described herein.

Further, the water supply device comprises a water tank 21, a water pump 22, a first water supply branch and a second water supply branch, the water tank 21 is connected with the water pump 22, an inlet of the first water supply branch and an inlet of the second water supply branch are both connected with the water pump 22, an outlet of the first water supply branch is connected with a second channel of the second heat exchange structure, and the second water supply branch is used for outputting liquid water. Specifically, in this embodiment, the water tank 21 is used for providing liquid water, the water pump 22 is used for pressurizing the liquid water, the first water supply branch is connected with the second channel of the water evaporator 55, when the anode gas needs to be prepared, the first water supply branch provides the liquid water for the second channel of the water evaporator 55, the high-temperature flue gas in the first channel of the water evaporator 55 changes the liquid water in the second channel of the water evaporator 55 into water vapor and then outputs the water vapor to the fourth mixer 112, and when the liquid water needs to be provided, the liquid water is communicated to the liquid water interface 25 through the second water supply branch and then outputs the liquid water. The device can simplify the structure, and is beneficial to improving the concentration of the fuel cell thermal component test system. Alternatively, in this embodiment, the water tank 21 is a deionized water tank for supplying deionized water.

Further, a first switching valve 231 is provided in the first water supply branch, and a second switching valve 241 is provided in the second water supply branch. In particular, in this embodiment, the arrangement can avoid the interference between the water vapor and the liquid water during output, and improve the stability of the supply of the water vapor and the liquid water.

Further, the tail stock arrangement includes a catalytic burner 71. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the catalytic burner 71 of the tail exhaust device can perform catalytic combustion on the harmful gas in the high-temperature flue gas generated by the preheating device, so as to avoid polluting the external air. And some hot parts also can produce the tail gas that is harmful to the air in the test process, and tail row device can handle these tail gases, avoids causing the pollution to the environment.

Optionally, the tail gas unit further comprises a tail gas mixer 72, the tail gas mixer 72 being arranged upstream of the catalytic burner 71. Specifically, in this embodiment, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the preheating device needs to be treated in a tail gas exhaust manner, in the test process of the burner 4, the burner 4 also generates tail gas, and the tail gas exhaust manner is also needed, and the tail gas mixer 72 is arranged to mix two gases and then output the mixed gases to the catalytic burner 71 for catalytic combustion, so that the tail gas exhaust effect is improved, and the pollution to the outside air is further ensured.

Optionally, in this embodiment, since the tail-row processing is required in the test process of the burner 4, the heat exchanger 5, the ejector 6 and the reformer 7, in order to collect the parameters in the test process, the burner test interface 401, the heat exchanger test interface 501, the ejector test interface 601 and the reformer test interface 701 are disposed on the tail-row device, and are used for collecting the gas parameters after the test.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell thermal component testing system further includes a control device connected to the anode gas preparation device, the water supply device, the second fuel device, the preheating device, and the normal temperature air supply device. Specifically, in this embodiment, the control device is electrically connected to the first fan 52, the third fan 56, the first flow valve, the second flow valve, the thermometer 2 on the front and rear sides of the third mixer 46, the thermometer 2 on the rear side of the water evaporator 55, and the manometer 3 of the preheating device, and according to the collected information of the thermometer 2, the manometer 3, and the first flow valve, the opening degrees of the first fan 52 and the third fan 56 and the opening degrees of the first flow valve and the third flow valve can be adjusted, so as to adjust the temperature and the pressure of the high-temperature flue gas, so that the heat provided by the high-temperature flue gas to the air preheater and the water evaporator 55 meets the test requirements.

The control device is connected with all the mass flow meters 1 of the anode gas preparation device, the content of various gases can be obtained according to the collected parameters of the mass flow meters 1, the control device further enables the components of the initial mixed gas to be different by adjusting the opening of each mass flow meter 1, the control device is connected with the water pump 22, the first switch valve 231 and the second switch valve 241 of the water supply device, the content of water vapor in the initial anode gas can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the first switch valve 231 and the water yield of the water pump 22, and the water yield of liquid water can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the second switch valve 241 and the water yield of the water pump 22, so that the test requirements are met; the control device is connected with the electric heating superheater and the thermometers 2 on two sides of the electric heating superheater, and parameters of the electric heating superheater are adjusted by collecting temperature values of the thermometers 2 on two sides of the electric heating superheater, so that anode gas can have different temperatures to meet test requirements.

The control device is connected with a third flow valve, a second fan 41, a fourth flow valve, an oxygen sensor 44 and a pressure gauge 3 at the downstream of the electric heater of the cathode gas preparation device, the oxygen content of the initial cathode gas in the first mixer 43 can be obtained through the oxygen sensor 44, and the ratio of the dilution gas and the air in the first mixer 43 can be adjusted through the adjustment of the opening degrees of the third flow valve and the fourth flow valve, so that the oxygen content in the initial cathode gas can be adjusted, and the pressure of the cathode gas can be adjusted at the same time; the control device is connected with the electric heater and the thermometers 2 on two sides of the electric heater, and parameters of the electric heater are adjusted by collecting temperature values on two sides of the electric heater, so that different temperatures and gases are obtained, and the test requirements are met.

The control device is connected with the burner test interface 401, the heat exchanger test interface 501, the injector test interface 601 and the reformer test interface 701 and is used for collecting tested gas parameters of the burner 4, the heat exchanger 5, the injector 6 and the reformer 7. Preferably, in this embodiment, the heat exchanger test interface 501 is the same interface as the tail row interface 73.

The embodiment also discloses a test method which is suitable for the fuel cell thermal component test system, wherein the thermal component of the fuel cell comprises at least two of an ejector 6, a combustor 4, a heat exchanger 5, an evaporator 8 and a reformer 7, and the test method comprises the following steps.

S10, connecting an inlet end of a thermal component to be tested to one or more of an anode gas preparation device, a water supply device, a first fuel device, a preheating device and a normal-temperature air supply device, and selectively connecting an outlet end of the thermal component to be tested to a tail row device.

S20, enabling the fuel cell hot component test system to prepare gas or liquid or reaction conditions required by a hot component test, and continuing for a first preset time;

s30, obtaining test data.

The test procedure of the heat exchanger 5 will be described with reference to fig. 3. Since the heat exchanger 5 is a device for performing heat exchange, it is necessary to exchange heat between normal temperature air and high temperature flue gas of the preheating burner 53 in the test and to perform tail gas treatment. The test of the heat exchanger 5 requires the following steps to be performed.

S102, two inlets of the heat exchanger 5 are respectively connected with the high-temperature flue gas interface 58 and the normal-temperature air interface 61 of the preheating device, one outlet of the heat exchanger 5 is connected with the heat exchanger test interface 501, and the other outlet is connected with the high-temperature air discharge outlet interface 10.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the normal temperature air exchanges heat with the high temperature flue gas of the preheating device, and the tail exhaust treatment is required for the high temperature flue gas after heat exchange, so that the outlet of the high temperature flue gas of the heat exchanger 5 is connected to the heat exchanger test interface 501 of the tail exhaust device, and the high temperature air outlet of the heat exchanger 5 is directly connected to the high temperature air discharge outlet interface 10.

S202, starting a first fan 52 of the preheating device, opening a first flow valve and a second flow valve, adjusting the first flow valve and the second flow valve to proper opening degrees, starting a preheating burner 53, and closing an on-off valve 581 between a high-temperature flue gas interface 58 and a tail gas interface 73 of the preheating device; the second fan 41 is started, the fourth flow valve is closed, and the sixth flow valve is opened, and the heat exchanger 5 is started and maintained for a preset time.

S302, obtaining test data. Specifically, the control device can acquire test data of the heat exchanger 5 and record the test data to complete the test of the heat exchanger 5.

The test procedure of the reformer 7 will be described with reference to fig. 4. Since the reformer 7 is a device in which fuel and steam are converted into hydrogen and carbon monoxide by a catalyst under the condition of high temperature air, the fuel, steam and high temperature air are required as the test gas. The test on the reformer 7 requires the following steps to be performed.

S103, connecting the inlet of the reformer 7 with the anode gas interface 13 and the high temperature flue gas interface 58, one outlet of the reformer 7 is connected with the reformer test interface 701, and the other outlet is connected with the tail gas interface 73.

Specifically, since the reformer 7 uses high-temperature flue gas as a reaction condition, and the tail gas treatment is also required for the gas after the reaction of the reformer 7 itself, the outlet of the reformer 7 needs to be connected to the tail gas device reformer test interface 701, and since the reformer 7 and the ejector 6 cannot be tested at the same time, the reformer 7 and the ejector 6 need to use the same test interface.

S203, opening and adjusting the mass flowmeter 1 of the fuel inlet branch 111 of the anode gas preparation device to a proper opening degree, and opening an electric heating superheater; the first switching valve 231 of the water supply device is opened and adjusted to an appropriate opening degree, the second switching valve 241 is closed, and the water pump 22 is started; the first fan 52 of the preheating device is started, the first flow valve and the second flow valve are opened and adjusted to proper opening degrees, the preheating burner 53 is started, the on-off valve 581 between the high-temperature flue gas interface 58 and the tail gas interface 73 of the preheating device is closed, and the reformer 7 is started for a preset time.

S303, obtaining test data. Specifically, the control device can acquire test data of the reformer 7 and record the data to complete the test of the reformer 7.

The test procedure of the evaporator 8 is described below with reference to fig. 5. Since the evaporator 8 is a device that evaporates liquid water to form water vapor, liquid water and cathode off-gas are required as test conditions. The test on the evaporator 8 requires the following steps to be performed.

S104, one inlet of the evaporator 8 is connected to the liquid water port 25, the other inlet is connected to the cathode gas port 49, one outlet of the evaporator 8 is connected to the high temperature air discharge outlet port 10, and the other outlet is connected to the high temperature water vapor discharge outlet port 9.

S204, opening and adjusting the second switch valve 241 of the water supply device to a proper opening degree, closing the first switch valve 231, and starting the water pump 22; starting the first fan 52 of the preheating device, opening and adjusting the first flow valve and the second flow valve to proper opening degrees, starting the preheating burner 53, and closing the on-off valve 581 between the high-temperature flue gas interface 58 and the tail gas interface 73 of the preheating device; starting a second fan 41 of the cathode gas preparation device, opening and adjusting a third flow valve and a fourth flow valve to proper opening degrees, closing a sixth flow valve, and opening an electric heater; the evaporator 8 is started and maintained for a preset time.

Specifically, in this embodiment, one inlet of the evaporator 8 is connected to liquid water for providing an evaporating medium, the other inlet is connected to the cathode gas port 49 for supplying heat to the liquid water to evaporate the liquid water, and both the liquid water and the cathode gas are pollution-free gases, so that the reacted high-temperature vapor is discharged through the high-temperature vapor discharge outlet port 9, and the reacted cathode gas is discharged through the high-temperature air discharge outlet port 10, and the high-temperature vapor discharge outlet port 9 is connected to the control device.

S304, test data are obtained. Specifically, the control device can acquire test data of the evaporator 8 and record the data to complete the test of the evaporator 8.

The test procedure of the ejector 6 is described below with reference to fig. 6. Since the ejector 6 is a device for ejecting one fluid, and fuel and anode tail gas are required as test gases, the test can be performed only in a fuel cell hot component test system provided with a second fuel device, and the tail gas treatment is required. The test on the ejector 6 requires the following steps to be performed.

S105, connecting an inlet of the ejector 6 with the methane interface 31 and the anode gas interface 13, and connecting an outlet of the ejector with the ejector test interface 601.

Specifically, in this embodiment, since methane and anode gas are both gases to be subjected to the tail gas treatment, the outlet of the ejector 6 needs to be connected to the ejector test port 601 of the tail gas device.

S205, opening and adjusting the mass flowmeter 1 of each air inlet branch 111 of the anode gas preparation device to a proper opening degree, and opening the electric heating superheater; turning on a seventh flow meter; the ejector 6 is activated for a preset time.

S305, obtaining test data. Specifically, the control device can acquire test data of the ejector 6 and record the test data to complete the test of the ejector 6.

The test procedure of the burner 4 will be described below with reference to fig. 7. Since the preheating burner 53 is a device for generating high-temperature exhaust gas by reacting fuel with air, and fuel, anode exhaust gas, and cathode exhaust gas are required as test gases, it is necessary to perform a test in a fuel cell hot component test system provided with a second fuel device, and also to perform an exhaust gas treatment in order to ensure that air is not polluted. The test on the burner 4 requires the following steps to be performed.

S101, the inlet of the burner 4 is connected to the anode gas port 13, the methane port 31 and the cathode gas port 49, and the outlet of the burner 4 is connected to the burner test port 401.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the reaction tail gas of the burner 4 may contain unburned gas that may pollute the air, and the tail gas treatment is required, so the outlet of the burner 4 needs to be connected to the burner test interface 401 of the tail gas device.

S201, opening and adjusting the mass flowmeter 1 of each air inlet branch 111 of the anode gas preparation device to a proper opening degree, and opening an electric heating superheater; starting a second fan 41 of the cathode gas preparation device, opening and adjusting a third flow valve and a fourth flow valve to proper opening degrees, closing a sixth flow valve, and opening an electric heater; starting a first fan 52 of the preheating device, opening and adjusting a first flow valve and a second flow valve to proper opening degrees, starting a preheating burner 53, and opening an on-off valve 581 between a high-temperature flue gas interface 58 and a tail gas interface 73 of the preheating device; the first switching valve 231 of the water supply device is opened and adjusted to an appropriate opening degree, the second switching valve 241 is closed, and the water pump 22 is started; the burner 4 is started and maintained for a preset time.

S301, obtaining test data. Specifically, the control device can acquire test data of the burner 4 and record the data to complete the test of the burner 4.

As shown in fig. 8, a combined test method, which is applicable to the above-described fuel cell hot component test system for simultaneously testing the combustor 4, the reformer 7 and the evaporator 8, is also disclosed in this embodiment, and includes the following steps.

And S100, connecting the inlet of the combustor 4 with the second fuel device, the anode gas preparation device and the cathode gas preparation device.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the inlets of the burner 4 are connected to the anode gas port 13, the methane port 31 and the cathode gas port 49, respectively, for providing the conditions of the test gas to the burner 4.

And S200, connecting a first inlet of the reformer 7 with the anode gas preparation device, connecting a second inlet of the reformer 7 with an outlet of the combustor 4, and connecting a first outlet of the reformer 7 with the tail gas preparation device.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first inlet of the reformer 7 is connected to the anode gas port 13 for supplying methane and steam to the reformer 7, the second inlet of the reformer 7 is connected to the outlet of the burner 4, the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the burner 4 is used as the test temperature condition of the reformer 7, and further the test of the reformer 7 is performed, and since hydrogen and carbon monoxide are generated after the test of the reformer 7, the tail gas treatment is required, and therefore the first outlet of the reformer 7 is connected to the tail gas device.

And S300, connecting a first inlet of the evaporator 8 to an outlet of the water supply device, connecting a second inlet of the evaporator 8 to a second outlet of the reformer 7, wherein the first outlet of the evaporator 8 is used for discharging high-temperature steam, and the second outlet of the evaporator 8 is connected to the tail-row device.

Specifically, in this embodiment, one inlet of the evaporator 8 is connected to the liquid water interface 25, and the second inlet of the evaporator 8 is connected to the second outlet of the reformer 7, and since the gas after the reaction of the burner 4 still has a high temperature after the heat is supplied to the reformer 7, in this step, the liquid water is evaporated by using the gas after the reaction of the burner 4 as the heat source of the evaporator 8, so that the test of the evaporator 8 can be performed. The first outlet of the evaporator 8 is connected to a high temperature water vapour discharge outlet port 9.

S400, causing the second fuel means, the anode gas preparing means, the cathode gas preparing means, and the water supply means to start, supplying the fuel, the anode gas, and the cathode gas to the burner 4, supplying the anode gas to the reformer 7, supplying the liquid water to the evaporator 8, and continuing for a second preset time.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the mass flow meter 1 of each of the intake branches 111 of the anode gas production apparatus is turned on and adjusted to a proper opening degree, and the electric heating superheater is turned on; the first switching valve 231 of the water supply device is opened and adjusted to a proper opening degree, the second switching valve 241 is opened and adjusted to a proper opening degree, and the water pump 22 is started; starting a second fan 41 of the cathode gas preparation device, opening and adjusting a third flow valve and a fourth flow valve to proper opening degrees, closing a sixth flow valve, and opening an electric heater; starting a first fan 52 of the preheating device, opening and adjusting a first flow valve and a second flow valve to proper opening degrees, starting a preheating burner 53, and opening an on-off valve 581 between a high-temperature flue gas interface 58 and a tail gas interface 73 of the preheating device; opening a seventh flow valve; the burner 4, the reformer 7 and the evaporator 8 are started for a second preset time.

S500, obtaining test data. Specifically, the control device can acquire test data of the burner 4, the reformer 7 and the evaporator 8 and record the test data, thereby completing a combined test of the burner 4, the reformer 7 and the evaporator 8.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a fuel cell hot-parts testing system that is different from the fuel cell hot-parts testing system of embodiment 1 in that a part of the structure of the preheating device is different from a part of the structure of the cathode gas preparing device.

As shown in fig. 9, the first heat exchange structure 54 of the preheating device in this embodiment is a tail gas reheater, the cathode gas preparation device includes a second air supply device, a third mixer 46, an oxygen sensor 44, a second heating structure 45, a condenser 47 and a carbon dioxide catcher 48, wherein the specific structures of the second air supply device, the oxygen sensor 44 and the second heating structure 45 are the same as those in embodiment 1, the second air supply device is a second fan 41, the second heating structure 45 is an electric heater, in addition, the cathode gas preparation device further includes the condenser 47 and the carbon dioxide catcher 48, the inlet of the condenser 47 is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas is deeply dehydrated by the condenser 47, the carbon dioxide catcher 48 removes carbon dioxide to form low-temperature tail gas, the low-temperature tail gas is mixed with air input by the second fan 41 in the third mixer 46 to form preliminary cathode gas, and the preliminary cathode gas is heated by the electric heater.

Optionally, the normal temperature air supply device in this embodiment includes a fourth fan 62, and an eighth flowmeter is disposed at an outlet of the fourth fan 62, for controlling an air intake of the fourth fan 62.

Preferably, the eighth flowmeter in the present embodiment is the mass flowmeter 1.

As shown in fig. 10, the test procedure of the heat exchanger 5 in this example is different from the test procedure of the heat exchanger 5 in example 1 in that the high-temperature flue gas in this example is treated to prepare the cathode gas as the precursor gas of the cathode gas, so that when the test of the heat exchanger 5 is performed, the two inlets of the heat exchanger 5 are connected to the cathode gas interface 49 and the normal-temperature air interface 61, respectively, and the cathode gas is used as the high-temperature gas to perform the test of the heat exchanger 5.

The test steps of the heat exchanger 5 in this embodiment include at least the following steps.

S1021, two inlets of the heat exchanger 5 are respectively connected to the cathode gas interface 49 and the normal temperature air interface 61, and two outlets of the heat exchanger 5 are both connected to the high temperature air discharge outlet interface 10.

S2021, starting a first fan 52 of the preheating device, opening a first flow valve and a second flow valve, adjusting the opening to proper degrees, and starting a preheating burner 53; the fourth fan 62 is started, and the eighth flow valve is opened; the second fan 41, the electric heater, the condenser 47 and the carbon dioxide trap 48 of the cathode gas preparing apparatus are started, the fourth flow valve is opened and its opening degree is adjusted, and the heat exchanger 5 is started and maintained for a preset time.

S3021, obtaining test data. Specifically, the control device can acquire test data of the heat exchanger 5 and record the test data to complete the test of the heat exchanger 5.

As shown in fig. 11, the test procedure of the reformer 7 in this example is different from the test procedure of the heat exchanger 5 in example 1, in that the high-temperature flue gas in this example is treated to prepare the cathode gas as the pre-gas of the cathode gas, and cannot be used as the high-temperature condition in the test of the reformer 7, so that two inlets of the reformer 7 are connected to the anode gas port 13 and the cathode gas port 49, respectively, one outlet of the reformer 7 is connected to the reformer test port 701, and the other outlet is connected to the tail gas port 73, and further the test is performed.

The test steps of the reformer 7 in this embodiment include at least the following steps.

S1031, two inlets of the reformer 7 are connected to the anode gas port 13 and the cathode gas port 49, respectively, one outlet of the reformer 7 is connected to the reformer test port 701, and the other outlet is connected to the tail gas port 73.

S2031, turning on and adjusting the mass flowmeter 1 of the fuel intake branch 111 of the anode gas preparation apparatus to a proper opening degree, and turning on the electric heating superheater; the first switching valve 231 of the water supply device is opened and adjusted to an appropriate opening degree, the second switching valve 241 is closed, and the water pump 22 is started; starting a first fan 52 of the preheating device, opening a first flow valve and a second flow valve, adjusting the opening to proper degrees, and starting a preheating burner 53; starting the second fan 41, the electric heater, the condenser 47 and the carbon dioxide catcher 48 of the cathode gas preparation device, opening the fourth flow valve and adjusting the opening degree thereof; the reformer 7 is started and maintained for a preset time.

S3031, test data are obtained. Specifically, the control device can acquire test data of the heat exchanger 5 and record the test data to complete the test of the heat exchanger 5.

As shown in fig. 12, the test procedure of the evaporator 8 in this embodiment is the same as that of the evaporator 8 in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.

As shown in fig. 13, the test procedure of the ejector 6 in this embodiment is the same as that of the ejector 6 in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.

As shown in fig. 14, the test procedure of the burner 4 in this embodiment is the same as that of the burner 4 in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.

As shown in fig. 15, the combined test method of the burner 4, the reformer 7 and the evaporator 8 in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell thermal component testing system, comprising:

an anode gas preparation device for providing an anode gas, the anode gas preparation device comprising an anode gas inlet structure for providing an initial mixture of gases and a first heating structure (12);

the water supply device is used for providing liquid water and water vapor, and the water vapor is mixed with the initial mixed gas and then passes through the first heating structure (12) to form the anode gas;

a cathode gas preparation device for providing a cathode gas;

the preheating device comprises a first fuel device, a first air supply device, a preheating burner (53), a first heat exchange structure (54) and a second heat exchange structure, wherein the first fuel device, the preheating burner (53), a first channel of the first heat exchange structure (54) and a first channel of the second heat exchange structure are sequentially communicated, the first air supply device is connected to an inlet of the preheating burner (53), a second channel of the first heat exchange structure (54) is connected with the cathode gas preparation device, a second channel of the second heat exchange structure is connected with the water supply device and is used for evaporating liquid water to form water vapor, the first fuel device is used for providing fuel for the preheating burner (53), the first air supply device is used for providing air for the preheating burner (53), the fuel and the air are combusted in the preheating burner (53) to form high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas is used for supplying heat to the first heat exchange structure (54) and the second heat exchange structure;

A normal temperature air supply device for supplying normal temperature air;

the tail exhaust device is used for treating high-temperature flue gas.

2. The fuel cell thermal component testing system of claim 1, further comprising a second fuel device for providing fuel.

3. The fuel cell thermal component testing system according to claim 1, wherein the cathode gas preparation device comprises a second gas supply device, a dilution gas supply device, a first mixer (43), an oxygen sensor (44) and a second heating structure (45), wherein the second gas supply device, the second channel of the first heat exchanging structure (54), the first mixer (43) and the second heating structure (45) are sequentially communicated, the dilution gas supply device is connected to the first mixer (43), the second gas supply device is used for providing air, the first heat exchanging structure (54) is used for heating air, the dilution gas supply device is used for providing dilution gas, the dilution gas and air are mixed in the first mixer (43) to obtain initial cathode gas, the second heating structure (45) heats initial cathode gas to obtain cathode gas, and the oxygen sensor (44) is used for detecting oxygen content in initial cathode gas.

4. The fuel cell thermal component testing system according to claim 1, wherein the cathode gas preparation device comprises a second gas supply device, a third mixer (46), an oxygen sensor (44), a second heating structure (45), a condenser (47) and a carbon dioxide trap (48), the second gas supply device, the third mixer (46), a second channel of the first heat exchange structure (54) and the second heating structure (45) being in communication in sequence; the condenser (47) is connected to an outlet of a first channel of the second heat exchange device, the condenser (47), the carbon dioxide catcher (48) and the third mixer (46) are sequentially communicated, the second air supply device is used for providing air, the condenser (47) is used for removing moisture in the high-temperature flue gas, the carbon dioxide catcher (48) is used for removing carbon dioxide in the high-temperature flue gas, the air and the treated high-temperature flue gas are mixed in the third mixer (46) to obtain initial cathode gas, the first heat exchange structure (54) and the second heating structure (45) are used for heating the initial cathode gas to obtain cathode gas, and the oxygen sensor (44) is used for detecting oxygen content in the initial cathode gas.

5. The fuel cell thermal component testing system according to claim 1, wherein the anode gas inlet structure comprises a plurality of inlet branches (111) and a fourth mixer (112), a plurality of said inlet branches (111) are for providing different gases, each of said inlet branches (111) comprises a gas tank and a mass flow meter (1), and a plurality of said inlet branches (111) are connected to an inlet of said fourth mixer (112), and an outlet of a second channel of said second heat exchanging structure is connected to an inlet of said fourth mixer (112), and an outlet of said fourth mixer (112) is connected to a first heating structure (12).

6. The fuel cell thermal component testing system according to claim 1, wherein the water supply device comprises a water tank (21), a water pump (22), a first water supply branch and a second water supply branch, the water tank (21) is connected with the water pump (22), an inlet of the first water supply branch and an inlet of the second water supply branch are both connected with the water pump (22), an outlet of the first water supply branch is connected with the second heat exchange structure, and the second water supply branch is used for outputting the liquid water.

7. The fuel cell thermal component testing system according to claim 6, wherein a first on-off valve (231) is provided on the first water supply branch, and a second on-off valve (241) is provided on the second water supply branch.

8. The fuel cell thermal component testing system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein said tail stock device comprises a catalytic burner (71).

9. Test method applicable to a fuel cell thermal component test system according to any one of claims 1-8, the thermal component of a fuel cell comprising at least two of an ejector (6), a burner (4), a heat exchanger (5), an evaporator (8) and a reformer (7), characterized in that the test method comprises the steps of:

s10, connecting an inlet end of a thermal component to be tested to one or more of an anode gas preparation device, a water supply device, a first fuel device, a preheating device and a normal-temperature air supply device, and selectively connecting an outlet end of the thermal component to be tested to a tail row device;

s20, enabling the fuel cell hot component test system to prepare gas or liquid or reaction conditions required by the hot component test, and starting the hot component for a first preset time;

s30, obtaining test data.

10. A combined test method, suitable for use in a fuel cell thermal component testing system according to any one of claims 2-8, for simultaneously testing a burner (4), a reformer (7) and an evaporator (8), characterized in that the combined test method comprises the steps of:

S100, connecting an inlet of the combustor (4) with a second fuel device, the anode gas preparation device and the cathode gas preparation device;

s200, connecting a first inlet of the reformer (7) with the anode gas preparation device, connecting a second inlet of the reformer (7) with an outlet of the combustor (4), and connecting a first outlet of the reformer (7) with the tail gas preparation device;

s300, connecting a first inlet of the evaporator (8) to an outlet of the water supply device, connecting a second inlet of the evaporator (8) to the first outlet of the reformer (7), wherein the first outlet of the evaporator (8) is used for discharging high-temperature steam, and the second outlet of the evaporator (8) is connected to the tail-discharging device;

s400, starting the second fuel device, the anode gas preparation device, the cathode gas preparation device and the water supply device, supplying fuel, anode gas and cathode gas to the combustor (4), supplying anode gas to the reformer (7), supplying liquid water to the evaporator (8), and starting the combustor (4), the reformer (7) and the evaporator (8) for a second preset time;

s500, obtaining test data.