CN117265226A - Production method of 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for cold heading shaft sleeve - Google Patents
Production method of 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for cold heading shaft sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN117265226A CN117265226A CN202311108748.9A CN202311108748A CN117265226A CN 117265226 A CN117265226 A CN 117265226A CN 202311108748 A CN202311108748 A CN 202311108748A CN 117265226 A CN117265226 A CN 117265226A
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 3
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Ornithine Chemical compound NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orn-delta-NH2 Natural products NCCCC(N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(C)CCCN UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003104 ornithine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006032 tissue transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B3/02—Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/46—Roll speed or drive motor control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of stainless steel production, and relates to a production method of a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for a cold heading shaft sleeve. The method is further improved on the basis of the conventional method, wherein molten steel elements are adjusted during smelting as follows: c:0.16 to 0.20 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.40; mn less than or equal to 0.40%, cr:12.0 to 14.0 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.30 percent; cu:0.10 to 0.30 percent; the stainless steel coil rod with good surface quality and high dimensional accuracy is manufactured by adopting a high-speed rolling mill; and then annealing treatment is carried out in a hood-type annealing furnace to obtain the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve. The invention has the comprehensive effects of element control, rolling speed and temperature control and annealing process, the annealing hardness of the finished wire rod is less than or equal to 145HBW, the strength is less than or equal to 510Mpa, the elongation is more than or equal to 35%, the shrinkage is more than or equal to 75%, the excellent cold processing performance is achieved, the wire rod cold heading cracking tendency is reduced, and the invention has wide market application prospect. And the production method is simple and convenient to operate, and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of stainless steel production, in particular to stainless steel smelting, rolling and heat treatment technologies, and particularly relates to a production method of a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for a cold heading shaft sleeve.
Background
The 20Cr13 is martensitic stainless steel, has higher heat treatment hardness in a quenching state and better cold processing performance in an annealing state, and is commonly used for manufacturing shafts, shaft sleeves and the like for hardware. The traditional shaft sleeve production adopts stainless steel round steel as a raw material, and is subjected to turning or cold heading molding after sawing and blanking, so that the yield and the production efficiency are low. With the successful development of large-size stainless steel coils in various steel mills, the new technology can adopt large-diameter coils as raw materials, and continuous cold heading molding is carried out after annealing, drawing, re-annealing and surface treatment, so that the yield and the production efficiency are improved greatly, but the requirements on the cold processing performance of the materials are high, and cold heading cracking defects are easy to generate.
At present, the cold processing performance of the material is improved by adjusting a heat treatment process, and related patents and documents are used for researching the strength and the hardness of a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod so as to improve the cold processing performance by reducing the strength and the hardness of the material: (1) Patent CN 112280942A discloses a martensitic stainless steel 2Cr13 wire annealing process, which can achieve the strength of 634-689 Mpa and the hardness of 174-204 HB; (2) Patent CN 111304416A discloses a softening annealing method of 20Cr13, which can achieve the lowest hardness of 164-167 HB; (3) Patent CN 109182680a discloses a method for annealing a martensitic stainless steel bar wire for cold heading, which can anneal the hardness of 20Cr13 to 149-162 HB, but the annealing temperature is higher than 945-955 ℃, decarburization is easy to cause, the requirements on production equipment are strict, and the method is not suitable for mass production, (4) the study of the annealing process operation and annealing hardness of 1-2 Cr13 is Wang Gangjian, the special steel technology is tried out, 8 different processes are tried, and the annealing hardness of 20Cr13 can be 160-229 HB. From the foregoing, the existing method can only reduce the strength to 634Mpa, the hardness to 149HB, and the improvement of the cold processing performance of the material is still limited; and only the mechanical properties are adjusted, and the defects in the cold working process are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a production method of a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for a cold heading shaft sleeve, which is characterized in that the chemical components, the surface quality and the mechanical properties of the wire rod are respectively controlled in smelting, rolling and annealing processes, so that a finished wire rod with good surface quality, high dimensional accuracy, low strength and hardness and high elongation and shrinkage rate is prepared, and cold working defects are avoided from multiple aspects. The wire rod produced by the method still maintains good cold processing performance after being drawn, can be directly subjected to cold heading without re-annealing, improves the production efficiency and saves the production cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a production method of a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for a cold heading shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting: smelting and pouring raw materials to prepare a low-residual element stainless steel square billet; wherein, the molten steel element adjustment during smelting is: c:0.16 to 0.20 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.40; mn less than or equal to 0.40%, cr:12.0 to 14.0 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.30 percent; cu:0.10 to 0.30 percent;
s2, roll forming: adopting a high-speed rolling mill to prepare a stainless steel coil rod with good surface quality and high dimensional accuracy;
s3, annealing: and (3) placing the wire rod obtained in the step (S2) in an atmosphere protection cover type annealing furnace for annealing treatment to obtain good mechanical properties and obtain the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve.
Preferably, the raw material in the step S1 adopts a furnace charge with low Mn and Ni elements, more preferably Mn is less than or equal to 0.40 percent and Ni is less than or equal to 0.30 percent.
Preferably, in the step S1, the molten steel element is required to be C:0.16 to 0.20 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.40; mn less than or equal to 0.40%, cr:12.0 to 14.0 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.30 percent; cu:0.10 to 0.30 percent, and the control requirements of the other elements meet the requirements of 20Cr13 in GB/T4356 stainless steel wire rods.
Preferably, in the step S2, the rough rolling initial rolling speed is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.0m/S, and the finish rolling speed is controlled to be less than or equal to 55m/S; more preferably, the temperature of the rolling process is controlled between 800 and 950 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S2, the depth of defects such as surface scratches and pits after rolling is less than or equal to 0.10mm, and the out-of-roundness of the wire rod is less than or equal to 0.20mm.
Preferably, the atmosphere of the atmosphere protection cover in the step S3 is at least one of nitrogen and hydrogen.
Preferably, the annealing process in the step S3 comprises the steps of heating, heat preservation, temperature control and temperature reduction and rapid cooling, wherein the heat preservation temperature in the heat preservation stage is 880-920 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 8 hours, the cooling rate in the cooling stage is less than or equal to 25 ℃/h, and the rapid cooling is performed after the temperature is reduced to below 600 ℃.
Preferably, the annealing hardness of the wire rod obtained in the step S3 is less than or equal to 145HBW, the strength is less than or equal to 510Mpa, the elongation is more than or equal to 35%, the shrinkage is more than or equal to 75%, and the wire rod has excellent cold processing performance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Through stainless steel raw materials and smelting control, the contents of elements C, si, mn and Ni are reduced, the strengthening effect of matrix alloy is reduced, the strength and hardness of the annealed material are directly reduced, and the reduction of the Ornithine forming elements (Mn and Ni) can lead the annealing process to be beneficial to tissue transformation, so that the strength and hardness after annealing reach extremely low values. The content of Cu element is increased, so that the cold heading performance can be further improved.
(2) Through temperature and speed control in the rolling process, the surface defects are reduced, the dimensional accuracy is improved, and cold heading defects caused by the surface defects and uneven sizes are avoided. Meanwhile, the drawing amount of the subsequent drawing process can be reduced, the work hardening degree is reduced, and the subsequent cold heading processing is facilitated.
(3) The finished product wire rod has the annealing hardness less than or equal to 145HBW, the strength less than or equal to 510Mpa, the elongation more than or equal to 35%, the shrinkage more than or equal to 75% and excellent cold processing performance through the comprehensive actions of element control, rolling speed and temperature control and annealing process.
(4) By controlling the depth of surface defects, improving the dimensional accuracy, reducing the hardness and strength of materials, improving the comprehensive control of the elongation and the shrinkage, reducing the cold heading cracking tendency of the wire rod, still maintaining good cold processing performance after drawing, directly carrying out cold heading processing without re-annealing, and having wide market application prospect. And the production method is simple and convenient to operate, and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the improvement of the scratch defect of the surface of a front disc circle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a drawing showing pit defects on the surface of a wire rod before improvement according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the surface topography of the improved wire rod of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a part of the present invention having a machining crack caused by a surface defect of a front wire rod;
FIG. 5 is a graph of a part of the invention that has been machined to crack as a result of a high hardness of the wire rod prior to improvement in the invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an improved post-processing pass feature of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the convenience of understanding, the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail, fully, and specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are implemented on the premise of the technical solutions of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but only some, but not all embodiments of the present invention, and the described embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and not limiting the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The invention provides a production method of a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for a cold heading shaft sleeve, which is characterized in that the smelting, rolling and annealing steps are respectively further adjusted and controlled on the basis of a conventional preparation process, so that a finished wire rod with good surface quality, high dimensional accuracy, low strength and hardness, high elongation and shrinkage rate is prepared by comprehensive adjustment, and the cold processing performance is excellent. The main improvement content of the production method of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting: smelting and pouring raw materials to prepare a low-residual element stainless steel square billet; wherein, the molten steel element adjustment during smelting is: c:0.16 to 0.20 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.40; mn less than or equal to 0.40%, cr:12.0 to 14.0 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.30 percent; cu:0.10 to 0.30 percent, and the control requirements of the other elements meet the requirements of 20Cr13 in GB/T4356 stainless steel wire rods;
preferably, a furnace charge with low Mn and Ni elements is adopted, mn is less than or equal to 0.40 percent, and Ni is less than or equal to 0.30 percent;
s2, roll forming: adopting a high-speed rolling mill to prepare a stainless steel coil rod with good surface quality and high dimensional accuracy; the depth of defects such as scratches, pits and the like on the surface of the rolled wire rod is less than or equal to 0.10mm, and the out-of-roundness of the wire rod is less than or equal to 0.20mm;
the initial rolling speed of rough rolling is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.0m/s, the final rolling speed is controlled to be less than or equal to 55m/s, and the temperature of the rolling process is controlled to be between 800 and 950 ℃ preferably;
s3, annealing: the wire rod obtained in the step S2 is placed in an atmosphere protection cover type annealing furnace for annealing treatment, so that good mechanical properties are obtained, and the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve is obtained;
the atmosphere of the atmosphere protection cover is preferably at least one of nitrogen and hydrogen;
the annealing process comprises the steps of heating, heat preservation, temperature control and rapid cooling, wherein the heat preservation temperature in the heat preservation stage is preferably 880-920 ℃, the heat preservation time is preferably more than or equal to 8 hours, the cooling rate in the cooling stage is controlled to be less than or equal to 25 ℃/h, and the rapid cooling is performed after the temperature is reduced to below 600 ℃;
the final wire rod annealing hardness is less than or equal to 145HBW, the strength is less than or equal to 510Mpa, the elongation is more than or equal to 35%, the shrinkage is more than or equal to 75%, and the wire rod annealing hardness has excellent cold processing performance.
Examples 1 to 8
A production method of a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for a cold heading shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) The smelting adopts stainless steel raw materials with low Mn and Ni element content, the low residual element molten steel is prepared by an electric furnace, AOD and LF smelting flow, and the stainless steel square billet is prepared by a continuous casting mode. The main chemical elements of the examples are shown in table 1.
The contents of elements C, si, mn and Ni are reduced, the strengthening effect of the matrix alloy is reduced, the strength and hardness of the annealed material are directly reduced, and the reduction of the Ornithine forming elements (Mn and Ni) can lead the annealing process to be beneficial to tissue transformation, so that the strength and hardness after annealing reach extremely low values. The content of Cu element is increased, and the cold heading performance can be improved.
Meanwhile, a comparative example was set, and the main chemical elements of comparative example 1 are shown in table 1.
Table 1 mass percent of main chemical elements and harmful elements of examples and comparative examples
(2) The square billet is heated by adopting continuous step heating, the temperature in the soaking stage is controlled to 1080-1130 ℃, rolling is carried out by adopting a horizontal high-speed wire rolling mill, and the whole rolling process is carried out by adopting a low rolling speed and low temperature mode. The rough rolling speed is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.0m/s in the middle square billet rolling process, the finish rolling speed is controlled to be less than or equal to 20m/s, and the temperature in the rolling process is controlled to be 800-950 ℃. The depth of defects such as scratches, pits and the like on the surface of the finished product after rolling is less than or equal to 0.10mm. The non-roundness is less than or equal to 0.20mm.
Table 2 process parameters of examples and comparative examples
| Examples | Batch number | Blooming/m/s | Finishing/m/s | Temperature/. Degree.C |
| Example 1 | 221103AE08-01 | 0.8 | 18 | 850 |
| Example 2 | 220629AE04-03 | 0.8 | 18 | 862 |
| Example 3 | 221205AE06-01 | 0.8 | 18 | 860 |
| Example 4 | 221205AE08-01 | 0.8 | 18 | 855 |
| Example 5 | 221205AE10-01 | 0.8 | 18 | 860 |
| Example 6 | 221205BE05-01 | 0.8 | 18 | 866 |
| Example 7 | 221205BE06-01 | 0.8 | 18 | 856 |
| Example 8 | 221205BE08-01 | 0.8 | 18 | 855 |
| Comparative example 1 | 190101B09E-01 | 1.2 | 20 | 960 |
| Comparative example 2 | 180905B10E-03X | 1.2 | 22 | 978 |
| Comparative example 3 | 191113B01E-01K | 1.2 | 25 | 990 |
The defects of process scratch can be reduced by adopting low-temperature and low-speed rolling, and the dimensional accuracy is improved while the surface defects are reduced. Meanwhile, carbide in the rolling process can be finer, and mechanical property control in the subsequent annealing process is facilitated. Fig. 1 is a drawing of a scratch defect of the surface of the wire rod of comparative example 1 and comparative example 3, in which the surface of the wire rod is seen to have a significant scratch defect, fig. 2 is a drawing of a pit defect of the surface of the wire rod of comparative example 2, in which the surface of the wire rod is seen to have a significant pit defect, the pit defect causes breakage during the subsequent drawing process, and fig. 3 is a drawing of the surface topography of the wire rod after improvement of example 1, in which the surface quality is seen to be good and the dimensional accuracy is high. The specific dimensional accuracy and defect depths of the examples and comparative examples are shown in table 3 below.
Table 3 dimensional accuracy and defect depth for examples and comparative examples
(3) The wire rod is annealed by adopting a nitrogen protection cover type annealing furnace, and the annealing process adopts the stages of heating, heat preservation, control of temperature reduction and rapid cooling, wherein the heat preservation temperature in the heat preservation stage is 880-920 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 8 hours, the cooling rate in the cooling stage is less than or equal to 25 ℃/h, and the rapid cooling is carried out by adopting a cooling cover after the temperature is reduced to below 600 ℃.
Table 4 process parameters of examples and comparative examples
The nitrogen protection annealing can reduce the oxidation and decarbonization degree of the surface of the wire rod, and the wire rod can obtain lower strength and hardness and higher elongation and shrinkage by adopting high-temperature and long-time annealing. The properties of the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rods produced by the present production method are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 test results of mechanical properties of the finished wire rods of examples and comparative examples
Test case
And (3) carrying out subsequent cold heading processing by adopting the embodiment 1 and the comparative embodiment 1, wherein the processing technology is that a wire rod with the specification of phi 28mm is drawn to the specification of phi 27.3mm, the continuous cold heading processing is carried out to form a shaft sleeve, the maximum outer diameter phi 50mm, and the surface after cold heading is subjected to polishing, heat treatment and assembly.
The processed part in comparative example 1 is shown in fig. 4 and 5, and it can be seen that the surface defect and the high hardness of the wire rod easily cause the obvious cracking phenomenon of the processed part, the processed part cannot be continuously processed, and the product percent of pass is less than 50%; the processed part in the embodiment 1 of the invention is shown in fig. 6, the processed part is obviously improved, the product qualification rate reaches 95%, and the product qualification rate is obviously improved compared with the comparative example.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The production method of the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Smelting: smelting and pouring raw materials to prepare a low-residual element stainless steel square billet; wherein, the molten steel element adjustment during smelting is: c:0.16 to 0.20 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.40; mn less than or equal to 0.40%, cr:12.0 to 14.0 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.30 percent; cu:0.10 to 0.30 percent;
(2) And (3) rolling and forming: adopting a high-speed rolling mill to prepare a stainless steel wire rod;
(3) Annealing: and (3) placing the wire rod obtained in the step (S2) in an atmosphere protection cover type annealing furnace for annealing treatment to obtain the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve.
2. The method for producing the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the raw material in the step (1) adopts a furnace burden with low Mn and low Ni elements.
3. The method for producing a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for a cold heading shaft sleeve according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the molten steel element is required to be C:0.16 to 0.20 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.40; mn less than or equal to 0.40%, cr:12.0 to 14.0 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.30 percent; cu:0.10 to 0.30 percent, and the control requirements of the other elements meet the requirements of 20Cr13 in GB/T4356 stainless steel wire rods.
4. The method for producing the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the square billet rolling process in the step (2) is controlled to have a rough rolling initial rolling speed of less than or equal to 1.0m/s and a finish rolling speed of less than or equal to 55m/s.
5. The method for producing the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the rolling process in the step (2) is controlled to be 800-950 ℃.
6. The method for producing the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the surface defect of the wire rod after rolling in the step (2) is less than or equal to 0.10mm, and the out-of-roundness of the wire rod is less than or equal to 0.20mm.
7. The method for producing a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for a cold heading shaft as defined in claim 1, wherein the atmosphere of the atmosphere protecting cover in the step (3) is at least one of nitrogen and hydrogen.
8. The method for producing the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the annealing process in the step (3) comprises the steps of heating, heat preservation, temperature control and rapid cooling.
9. The production method of the 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for the cold heading shaft sleeve according to claim 8, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation stage is 880-920 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 8 hours, the cooling rate in the cooling stage is less than or equal to 25 ℃/h, and the rapid cooling is performed after the temperature is reduced to below 600 ℃.
10. The method for producing a 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for a cold heading shaft sleeve according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the obtained wire rod has an annealing hardness of 145HBW or less, a strength of 510MPa or less, an elongation of 35% or more and a shrinkage of 75% or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311108748.9A CN117265226A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Production method of 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for cold heading shaft sleeve |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311108748.9A CN117265226A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Production method of 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for cold heading shaft sleeve |
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| CN202311108748.9A Pending CN117265226A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Production method of 20Cr13 stainless steel wire rod for cold heading shaft sleeve |
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