CN117240092B - A parallel current sharing control method for multiple power modules - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多电源模块并联均流电路的控制方法，所述多电源模块并联均流电路包含至少两个并联的电源模块，每一个电源模块均具有一个对应的控制电路，所述控制方法包括：S1.对各个电源模块的输出电压进行采样，得到采样电压voi，i＝1,2,…,n，并传输至该电源模块对应的控制单元输入端；S2.在各个电源模块对应的控制单元中，对输入的采样电压进行处理得到输出电压；S3.将各个控制单元的输出电压Vouti，i＝1,2,...,n经分压电阻连接均流母线，计算均流母线平均电压Vbus；S4.计算各控制单元的输出电压Vouti与均流母线平均电压Vbus的差值Vouti‑Vbus，i＝1,2,...,n并根据计算结果对各控制单元的参考电压进行调整，得到补偿后的参考电压，实现多电源模块的并联均流。
The invention discloses a control method for a multi-power module parallel current sharing circuit. The multi-power module parallel current sharing circuit comprises at least two parallel power modules, each of which has a corresponding control circuit. The control method comprises: S1. sampling the output voltage of each power module to obtain a sampled voltage v oi , i=1,2,...,n, and transmitting the sampled voltage to an input end of a control unit corresponding to the power module; S2. in a control unit corresponding to each power module, processing the input sampled voltage to obtain an output voltage; S3. connecting the output voltage V outi , i=1,2,...,n of each control unit to a current sharing bus via a voltage divider resistor, and calculating an average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus; S4. calculating a difference V outi ‑V bus , i=1,2,...,n between the output voltage V outi of each control unit and the average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus, and adjusting the reference voltage of each control unit according to the calculation result to obtain a compensated reference voltage, thereby realizing parallel current sharing of multiple power modules.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to power supply control, in particular to a parallel current sharing control method for multiple power supply modules.
Background
With the increasing demand of the market for electric power energy, the electric power electronic devices are widely applied in various fields, and the demand of high-power equipment is also increasing. A single module power supply cannot meet the requirement of load power, and in order to meet the requirement of a high-power electricity application occasion, a plurality of converters are generally connected in parallel to meet the requirements of various power levels, and meanwhile, the parallel operation improves the operation reliability. When a plurality of converters are in parallel operation, because of the difference of hardware parameters of the converters, current distribution is uneven when the converters are in parallel operation, so that the system is unstable in operation and even the modules are overloaded and damaged, the reliability of the whole system is reduced, and current sharing control is required to be applied, so that the stable operation of the parallel system is ensured.
The existing parallel current sharing technology mainly adopts a current sharing circuit method controlled by an analog technology or a digital technology, but in the current sharing control, the current of each module needs to be sampled through a current sensor, the control loops are more, the design of a current detection circuit is complex, more space is occupied, and the aims of reducing the volume and the quality of a system are not facilitated. And the current sensor has low detection precision, is easily influenced by environmental factors and the like, and reduces the stability of the power supply module.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a parallel current sharing control method for multiple power supply modules, which can realize current sharing among the modules without a current sensor.
The invention aims at realizing the control method of the multi-power-supply-module parallel current sharing circuit, which comprises a current sharing bus, at least two parallel power supply modules and a control unit corresponding to each power supply module, and the control method comprises the following steps:
S1, sampling output voltages of all power supply modules to obtain sampling voltages v oi, i=1, 2, & n, and transmitting the sampling voltages to an input end of a control unit corresponding to the power supply modules, wherein v oi is the sampling voltage of the ith power supply module, i=1, 2, & n, n represents the number of the power supply modules;
S2, in the control unit corresponding to each power supply module, processing the input sampling voltage to obtain an output voltage, wherein in the control unit corresponding to the ith power supply module, the process of processing the input sampling voltage V oi to obtain the output voltage V outi comprises the following steps:
Firstly, carrying out loop compensation on input v oi to obtain v oi *:
voi *＝Koi*voi
Wherein K oi represents a compensation coefficient of the i-th power supply module sampling voltage, i=1, 2, n;
then calculating a difference V refi'-voi * between V oi * and the reference voltage V refi' before compensation;
Firstly, the difference V refi'-voi * is passed through a PI compensation network G v(s) to obtain an output current signal I outi:
Iouti＝(Vrefi'-voi *)*kio,i=1,2,...,n;
Wherein k io represents an integral gain coefficient in the compensation network G v(s) in the control unit corresponding to the ith power supply module;
then, sending the I outi into a current sharing function circuit to obtain an output voltage V outi, wherein i=1, 2,;
S3, connecting the output voltage V outi of each control unit, i=1, 2, & gt, n with a current sharing bus through a voltage dividing resistor, and calculating the average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus;
S4, calculating a difference value V outi-Vbus of an output voltage V outi of each control unit and an average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus, wherein i=1, 2.
Further, each output end of the power supply module comprises a resistor R, a first end of the resistor R is connected with a positive port of the power supply module, a second end of the resistor R is connected with a negative port of the power supply, and the first end of the resistor R is directly connected to a control unit input end corresponding to the power supply module and used for outputting sampling voltage.
Further, the functional current equalizing circuit comprises an operational amplifier, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier is input with I outi, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is grounded through an input resistor R g and is connected to the output end V outi of the operational amplifier through a feedback resistor R f, namely
Further, the step S3 includes:
According to kirchhoff's current law, the sum of the currents flowing into the bus bars from all branches is 0, and then:
The average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus is obtained as follows:
Further, the step S4 includes:
calculating a difference V outi-Vbus, i=1, 2, & n between the output voltage V outi of each control unit and the average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus;
Obtaining a compensation quantity G i(s)*(Vouti-Vbus of an output voltage reference by the difference V outi-Vbus through a compensation network G i(s), wherein G i(s) represents a compensation coefficient;
The reference voltage V ref * of the power supply module is subtracted by the compensation quantity G i(s)*(Vouti-Vbus) to obtain V ref *-Gi(s)*(Vouti-Vbus) as the compensated reference voltage, the compensated reference voltage is subtracted by V oi *, and the obtained difference value is sent to the PI compensation network G v(s) again, so that current sharing control is realized.
Further, the current sharing control process needs to be continuously performed in a specified T times, and in the continuous T times, each time needs to complete steps S1 to S4 once;
At time 1, the reference voltage V refi' before compensation is equal to the reference voltage V ref *;
From the 2 nd time to the T-th time, the reference voltage V refi' before compensation is equal to the reference voltage after compensation at the last time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that during current sharing control, the output current of each module does not need to be sampled by a current sensor, and the invention has simple structure and strong anti-interference capability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of two parallel converters in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing output characteristics of each converter according to the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a four-way interleaved Boost PFC topology according to an embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current sharing function circuit in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
As shown in FIG. 1, the control method of the multi-power-supply-module parallel current sharing circuit is characterized in that the multi-power-supply-module parallel current sharing circuit comprises at least two parallel power supply modules, each power supply module is provided with a corresponding control circuit, and the control method comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the steps of S1, sampling output voltages v oi, i=1, 2, and n of each power supply module, and transmitting the sampled output voltages to an input end of a control circuit corresponding to the power supply module, wherein v oi is the output voltage of the ith power supply module, i=1, 2, and n, n represents the number of the power supply modules;
S2, carrying out PI loop compensation K oi on a V oi signal, wherein i=1, 2, & n, obtaining a V oi * signal, i=1, 2, & n, namely, V oi *＝Koi*voi calculates the difference value between V oi * and a reference voltage V refi' after current sharing control compensation;
S3, outputting the difference V refn'-voi * through the PI compensation network G v(s) to a current signal I outi, i=1, 2,) n, I outi＝(Vrefi'-voi *)*kio, i=1, 2, n;
Where k io denotes the integral gain coefficient in the compensation network G v(s).
I outi, i=1, 2,..n, into the current sharing function circuit;
s4.I outi is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier in the current sharing function circuit, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is grounded through an input resistor R g and is connected with the output end V outi of the operational amplifier through a feedback resistor R f, namely
The output voltage V outi (i=1, 2, the.. The n) of the operational amplifier of the current sharing function circuit is connected with a current sharing bus through a voltage dividing resistor, when the SHARE_EN signal is at a high level, a switch S1 of the current sharing function circuit is closed, namely V outi (i=1, 2, the.. The n) is connected with a pin of the current sharing bus, and the average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus and the output voltage V outi, i=1, 2, the number n of each power supply module are obtained through operation;
that is, according to kirchhoff's current law, the sum of currents flowing into the bus bars from all branches is 0, and then:
The average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus is obtained as follows:
S5, calculating the difference between the output voltage V outi of the current sharing function circuit and the average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus, obtaining the compensation quantity of the output voltage reference by the difference V outi-Vbus through a compensation network G i(s), and obtaining the reference voltage V refi', namely V refi'＝Vref *-Gi(s)*(Vouti-Vbus) after current sharing control compensation by making the compensation quantity G i(s)*(Vouti-Vbus) different from the reference voltage V ref * of the power supply module,
And calculating the difference between V oi * and V refi', namely V refi'-voi *, and realizing parallel current sharing of the multiple power modules.
In some embodiments of the present application, the power supply module may be a conventional power supply module, the PI loop compensation K oi, the PI compensation network G v(s) may be a conventional proportional controller, the function current equalizing circuit may be an operational amplifier and a resistor, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is input to I outi, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded via an input resistor R g, and is connected to the output terminal V outi of the operational amplifier via a feedback resistor R f, namely
In other embodiments of the present application, the control unit and the power module may be integrated by using a specific circuit architecture, where the power module uses a converter unit, and when a plurality of power modules operate in parallel, due to differences in hardware parameters of each converter, current is unevenly distributed when the converters operate in parallel. As shown in fig. 2, which is an equivalent circuit schematic diagram of two parallel converters, fig. 3 is a corresponding output characteristic curve of each converter, and when the converters are connected in parallel, the load current distribution situation of each converter is measured by a current error δn, and the expression is as follows:
Where N is the total number of parallel converters, I o is the total load current, DI n is the difference between the output current and the average load current.
As shown in fig. 4, in the foregoing embodiment, four-channel interleaved parallel Boost PFC topologies are integrally formed, the converter unit is a four-phase interleaved parallel Boost PFC converter operating in an inductor current Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) mode, parameters of each phase unit of the converter are consistent, that is, L 1＝L2＝L3＝L4 =l, and the switching frequencies f s of the four channels are equal, the duty ratios of the four channels are d y, the rise time of the inductor current is d yTs, and the fall time of the inductor current is d RTs. Therefore, in DCM, the rectified input current average i g (i.e., inductor current area×1/T s) is the sum of four channel inductor current averages, i.e.,:
In one switching period, the switching tube is conducted, the inductive current rises, and the peak value i L_peak of the inductive current rises:
in Boost converters, the principle of volt-second equilibrium is well known:
The rectified input current i g expression can be obtained by combining the following formulas (1-2) - (1-4):
When the converter works stably, the duty ratio d R is a fixed value, and the equation (1-5) shows that the rectified input current is not a standard sine half-wave in the steady state, and the sine degree is influenced by the boosting parameter V peak/voi. Let k=v peak/voi, the input current i in is available from (1-5):
In order for the input current to follow the input voltage with a sinusoidal law, the duty cycle needs to be varied as follows:
Where D 0 is the gain factor related to power and V o is the output average voltage.
Substituting formula (1-7) into (1-6) to obtain:
As can be seen from equations (1-8), the input current is sinusoidal and in phase with the input voltage when the duty cycle is varied as (1-7) within one power frequency cycle.
The four-channel staggered parallel Boost PFC converter input power P in is as follows:
Pin＝Iin_rmsVin_rms (1-9)
combined (1-8):
At the same time
The input power of the converter is
Ideally, the converter has no power loss, and according to the power balance principle P in＝Po, the gain factor K can be obtained:
The duty cycle d y (t) of the combined type (1-7), (1-13) is expressed as follows:
in combination with the above, the output V comp of the PI compensator of the voltage loop of the converter is
Substituting equations (1-13), (1-15) into equations (1-6) yields a duty cycle i in (t) expressed as:
as can be seen from formulas (1-16), the input/output power satisfies
From equations (1-17), the input power is independent of the input voltage, the input voltage varies, and the compensator does not need any adjustment. Since DCM controls the non-sampled output current, each module is required to provide output current information in parallel current sharing control.
To know the input current
If the input current follows the input voltage, the current can be reconstructed as
Vpeak·sin(ωt)＝vg,k＝Vpeak/Vo
The duty ratio expression obtained from the formula (0-1) is
The average value of inductance current is
Then the duty cycle expression is as follows from equations 1-20 and equations 1-21
D o is PI controller output quantity for controlling input and output energy balance, and the simultaneous combination type (1-13), (1-22) can know
As can be seen from equations (1-23), the control amount output by the PI controller contains the input current, input voltage or output power information, and equations 1-22 are brought into equations 1-21 to obtain
The input power can be calculated as
Let the module efficiency be eta, the output power be
The output current is
The output current can be characterized by the input voltage, the output voltage and the PI control output V comp as shown in equations (1-12). The module parallel current sharing is realized by a current sharing function circuit, and the boost inductance of the L b four-phase staggered parallel converter.
In the embodiment of the application, a current equalizing function circuit shown in fig. 5 can be adopted, the output quantity of the sampling voltage ring PI control is operated, the operated digital quantity is converted into an analog quantity DAC_Iout through a DAC in the DSP, the DAC_Iout is connected with the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier, and the power supply supplies power to the operational amplifier after being filtered by a current limiting resistor and a capacitor. The inverting input end of the operational amplifier is grounded through an input resistor R g and is connected to the output end V outi of the operational amplifier through a feedback resistor R f.
The output voltage V outi of the op-amp is:
And the output voltage V outi (i=1, 2,.. N) of the operational amplifier is connected with a current sharing bus through a voltage dividing resistor, and the average voltage of the current sharing bus is V bus. According to kirchhoff's current law, the sum of the currents flowing into the bus bars from all branches is 0, and then:
The average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus is obtained as follows:
And a current-sharing bus pin in the current-sharing functional circuit is clamped to the DSP sampling voltage of 0-3.3V through a limiting diode, one end D of an S1 bidirectional switch is connected, the other end S of the bidirectional switch is connected with the average voltage V bus of the current-sharing bus, when a signal SEL of a control switch is at a high level, the voltages of a signal end S to be switched and a signal end D of the analog switch are equal, and the converter starts current-sharing control.
The output voltage V outi of the current equalizing function circuit is converted into a digital quantity V out_ADC by an ADC in the DSP after RC filtering, and is compared with a voltage signal V bus_ADC converted by average current of a current equalizing bus and then sent to the controller DSP to obtain a compensation quantity V refi' of voltage reference, so that the output current of each module is controlled to be equal to the output average current.
The foregoing embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, but not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for parts of the technical features thereof, and that such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention in essence.
Claims (6)
1. The parallel current sharing control method for the multiple power supply modules is characterized in that the multiple power supply modules comprise a current sharing bus, at least two power supply modules connected in parallel and a control unit corresponding to each power supply module, and the control method comprises the following steps:
S1, sampling output voltages of all power supply modules to obtain sampling voltages v oi, i=1, 2, & n, and transmitting the sampling voltages to an input end of a control unit corresponding to the power supply modules, wherein v oi is the sampling voltage of the ith power supply module, i=1, 2, & n, n represents the number of the power supply modules;
S2, in the control unit corresponding to each power supply module, processing the input sampling voltage to obtain an output voltage, wherein in the control unit corresponding to the ith power supply module, the process of processing the input sampling voltage V oi to obtain the output voltage V outi comprises the following steps:
Loop compensation is carried out on the input v oi to obtain v oi *:
voi * ＝Koi*voi
Wherein K oi represents a compensation coefficient of the i-th power supply module sampling voltage, i=1, 2, n;
Calculating a difference V refi'-voi * between V oi * and the pre-compensation reference voltage V refi';
The difference V refi'-voi * is processed by a PI compensation network G v(s) to obtain an output current signal I outi;
Sending I outi into a current sharing function circuit to obtain an output voltage V outi, i=1, 2, & gt, n;
S3, connecting the output voltage V outi of each control unit, i=1, 2, & gt, n with a current sharing bus through a voltage dividing resistor, and calculating the average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus;
S4, calculating a difference value V outi-Vbus of an output voltage V outi of each control unit and an average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus, wherein i=1, 2.
2. The method of parallel current sharing control of multiple power supply modules as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of the power supply modules has an output terminal comprising a resistor R, a first terminal of the resistor R being connected to a positive port of the power supply module, a second terminal of the resistor R being connected to a negative port of the power supply, the first terminal of the resistor R being directly connected to a corresponding input terminal of the control unit of the power supply module for outputting the sampled voltage.
3. The parallel current sharing control method of multiple power modules as set forth in claim 1, wherein the current sharing functional circuit comprises an operational amplifier, wherein the in-phase input terminal of the operational amplifier is input with I outi, the opposite-phase input terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded via an input resistor R g and connected to an output terminal V outi of the operational amplifier via a feedback resistor R f, namely
4. The parallel current sharing control method of multiple power modules according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 comprises:
According to kirchhoff's current law, the sum of the currents flowing into the bus bars from all branches is 0, and then:
The average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus is obtained as follows:
5. the parallel current sharing control method of multiple power modules according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises:
calculating a difference V outi-Vbus, i=1, 2, & n between the output voltage V outi of each control unit and the average voltage V bus of the current sharing bus;
Obtaining a compensation quantity G i(s)*(Vouti-Vbus of an output voltage reference by the difference V outi-Vbus through a compensation network G i(s), wherein G i(s) represents a compensation coefficient;
The reference voltage V ref * of the power supply module is subtracted by the compensation quantity G i(s)*(Vouti-Vbus) to obtain V ref *-Gi(s)*(Vouti-Vbus) as the compensated reference voltage, the compensated reference voltage is subtracted by V oi *, and the obtained difference value is sent to the PI compensation network G v(s) again, so that current sharing control is realized.
6. The parallel current sharing control method of multiple power modules as set forth in claim 1, wherein the current sharing control process is performed continuously in a specified time T, and each time is required to complete steps S1-S4 once in the continuous time T;
At time 1, the reference voltage V refi' before compensation is equal to the reference voltage V ref *;
From the 2 nd time to the T-th time, the reference voltage V refi' before compensation is equal to the reference voltage after compensation at the last time.
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