CN117226322A - Laser welding method and laser welding equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a laser welding method and laser welding equipment. The invention comprises the following steps: and welding the object to be welded by the annular laser spots according to the spiral point-shaped pattern. The invention solves the defects of splash, bulge and the like of the welding spot in the prior laser welding process technology.

Description

Laser welding method and laser welding equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a laser welding method and laser welding equipment.

Background

The semiconductor laser uses a certain semiconductor material as a working substance and is excited by current to output laser. The wave band of the semiconductor laser commonly used in the industry is 900-1000 nm, and the semiconductor laser is mainly applied to laser radar detection, laser welding, optical fiber laser pumping excitation sources and other scenes. Currently, semiconductor lasers are classified into a hundred watt semiconductor laser and a kilowatt laser in the field of laser welding application. The laser welding of the hundred-watt semiconductor laser is mainly applied to laser tin welding, plastic welding, sheet welding and the like, and the laser welding of the kilowatt semiconductor laser is mainly applied to metal welding such as carbon steel, stainless steel and the like. In the field of laser welding, a semiconductor laser couples semiconductor laser into a large-core optical fiber through module beam combination to realize hundred-watt or kilowatt laser output, an output laser beam is a Gaussian beam, a light spot is generally in a circular shape, and the higher the output power is, the higher the power density of the center of the light spot is. In the laser welding process, the higher the spot power density is locally, the phenomena of splashing and uneven welding pool are easily caused, and the application scene of precise welding is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems that the splashing and the welding pool are uneven easily caused by the existing device, the laser welding method and the laser welding equipment are provided, and the problems that the power density of the light spot of the Gaussian beam is locally higher and the splashing and the welding pool are uneven at present are solved. The invention aims to provide a laser welding method, which comprises the following steps:

and welding the object to be welded by the annular laser spots according to the spiral point-shaped pattern.

Further, the method comprises the steps of:

step S10, a central control system controls a laser to emit annular laser spots, and the annular laser spots enter a vibrating mirror group through an external optical path conduction system;

and S20, enabling the annular laser light spot to move according to the spiral point-shaped pattern through high-speed swing of the vibrating mirror group, and welding objects to be welded.

Alternatively, the welding speed may be in the range of 500mm/s to 600mm/s.

Alternatively, the spiral pitch of the pattern of spiral dots may range from 0.001mm to 100.00mm or from 0.05mm to 0.06mm.

Optionally, the laser output by the laser is transmitted through an optical fiber to obtain an annular laser spot, and the diameter of an inner annular fiber core of the optical fiber is 14um-100um and is used for outputting the inner annular laser spot; the diameter of the outer ring fiber core of the optical fiber is 100um-400um.

Optionally, the annular laser spot is composed of an inner annular spot and an outer annular spot, wherein the power of the inner annular spot is 500-2000W, and the power of the outer annular spot is 1000-4000W.

Optionally, the annular laser spot is composed of an inner annular spot and an outer annular spot, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the outer annular spot to the inner diameter of the inner annular spot is greater than 1.

Optionally, the outer ring spot power is 1000W, and the inner ring spot power is 1000W.

Optionally, the laser output by the laser device is transmitted through the optical fiber to obtain an annular initial light spot, and the annular initial light spot is collimated by the collimation module, oscillated by the oscillating mirror group and focused by the field lens to form an annular laser light spot.

Optionally, the object to be welded is a notebook battery protection board BMU.

Optionally, stitch welding is carried out on the copper busbar BSB plated with the OSP and the Ni bonding pad on the BMU of the notebook battery protection board, wherein the thickness of copper plated with the OSP is 0.2mm-0.3mm, and the thickness of the Ni bonding pad is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

Optionally, the dust generated in the welding process is pumped away by a dust pumping device.

The laser welding equipment comprises a central control system, a laser, an optical fiber for outputting annular light spots, a collimation module, a vibrating mirror group, a field mirror, a dust extraction method and a workbench, wherein the central control system is electrically or wirelessly connected with the laser, the output end of the laser is connected with the input end of the optical fiber, the output end of the optical fiber is connected with the laser input end of the collimation module, the laser output end of the collimation module is provided with the laser input end of the vibrating mirror group, the laser output end of the vibrating mirror group is provided with the field mirror, laser output by the laser sequentially passes through the optical fiber, the collimation module, the vibrating mirror group and the field mirror and then reaches a to-be-welded object positioned on the workbench, the vibrating mirror group swings at a high speed to enable the annular laser to move on the to-be-welded object according to a preset welding spot pattern, the preset welding spot pattern is in a spiral spot shape, and the spiral pitch range is 0.001mm-100.00mm or 0.05mm-0.06mm.

Optionally, the collimating focal length of the collimating module is 100mm-200mm, the aperture of the galvanometer group is 15mm-30mm, and the focal length of the field lens is 175mm-348mm.

Optionally, the laser emits laser light in the wavelength range of 335nm to 1064nm.

Optionally, the laser is a ring spot laser, the diameter of an inner ring fiber core of the laser is 14um-100um, the power of an inner ring is 500W-2000W, the diameter of an outer ring fiber core is 100um-400um, and the power of an outer ring is 1000W-4000W.

The beneficial effects are that: the method and the device control the laser generated by the laser to be transmitted to the galvanometer system through the external light path by the central control system, and finally carry out laser welding on the battery BMU under the control of the control system. The method and the device for welding on the BMU solve the defects of splashing, swelling and the like of the welding spot in the prior laser welding process technology.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a welding scenario of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a welding track;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser welding apparatus;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a circular spot.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner", "upper", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the term "coupled" is to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 1-4, in one embodiment, a ring laser spot is caused to weld a weld object in a spiral spot-shaped pattern.

In the embodiment, the ring laser spots are used for welding objects to be welded according to spiral point-shaped patterns, the objects to be welded sequentially comprise an OSP-plated copper busbar BSB layer, a Ni bonding pad layer, a tin layer and a battery protection board BMU layer from top to bottom, the tin layer adheres the Ni bonding pad layer and the battery protection board BMU layer together, and the OSP is an organic polymer film layer; in this embodiment, the copper busbar BSB layer is welded to the Ni pad on the battery protection plate BMU by a ring laser spot.

On one hand, the annular facula laser beam is incident to a copper busbar BSB layer plated with the OSP, the OSP can be heated and decomposed to generate a large amount of gas in the welding process, and part of the gas is vigorously discharged out of a molten pool, so that the problems of explosion point, splashing and the like are caused; the other part of the gas is dissolved in the molten pool, and is precipitated due to the fact that the solubility of the molten liquid to the gas is reduced in the cooling process, and the molten liquid is not discharged so as to form bulges; on the other hand, the tin layer is arranged in the object to be welded, but the melting point of the tin layer is low, the temperature rise is fast under the laser welding scene, and if the welding heat input is too large, molten tin melt can fly out due to the fast melting of the tin layer, and poor tin bead splashing is generated.

In the embodiment, the ring laser spots are used for welding the object to be welded according to the spiral point-shaped pattern, so that the problems in the two aspects are solved, on one hand, the spiral point welding track has two advantages relative to other welding tracks, one is that the intervals among the spiral point tracks are equal, no staggering exists, and the penetration stability is good; secondly, the temperature field of the spiral point is concentrated, the weld is cooled relatively slowly, and the probability of the copper busbar BSB layer OSP bulge and the splash of the explosion point can be reduced; the welding track is therefore preferably a spiral point; on the other hand, the form of the spiral point and the annular light spot reduces the probability of forming the bulge, the appearance effect after welding is obviously better than that of the mode of independently using the spiral point or the annular light spot, and the occurrence of tin layer melting and tin ball splashing can be prevented on the basis of reducing the bulge.

In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:

step S10, a central control system controls a laser 2 to emit annular laser spots, and the annular laser spots enter a vibrating mirror group 5 through an external optical path conduction system;

and S20, enabling the annular laser spots to move according to the spiral point-shaped pattern through high-speed swing of the vibrating mirror group 5, and welding objects to be welded.

In one embodiment, the welding speed ranges from 500mm/s to 600mm/s.

In the embodiment, when the speed is lower, the weld pool is cooled slowly, so that gas in the pool is facilitated to escape, the probability of bulge and explosion points can be reduced, but the weld penetration stability is poor; when the welding speed is high, the weld pool is cooled fast, unfavorable pool gas escapes, and bulge and splash of a frying point are easy to occur. Experiments prove that the welding speed range with good welding effect is 500mm/s-600mm/s.

In one embodiment, the spiral pitch of the pattern of spiral dots is in the range of 0.001mm to 100.00mm or 0.05mm to 0.06mm.

In the embodiment, the laser 2 is an annular spot laser outputting annular laser spots, the annular laser spots weld objects to be welded according to preset welding spot patterns, the preset welding spot patterns are spiral spot shapes, and the spiral pitch range is 0.001mm-100.00mm or 0.05mm-0.06mm; the pitch of the spiral point track has a significant effect on the welding effect. The smaller the spiral distance is, the higher the welding seam overlapping is, the slower the welding seam cooling molten pool is, the easier the gas in the welding seam molten pool is discharged, but the higher the overlapping rate is, the worse the welding seam penetration stability is; the larger the screw pitch is, the smaller the welding seam overlapping is, the faster the welding seam molten pool is cooled, the gas in the welding seam molten pool is difficult to discharge, and the bulge and the splash of the explosion point are easy to occur. Experiments prove that the range of the screw pitch with good welding effect is 0.05mm-0.06mm.

In an embodiment, the laser output by the laser 2 is transmitted through the optical fiber 3 to obtain an annular laser spot, and the diameter of an inner ring fiber core of the optical fiber 3 is 14um-100um for outputting the inner ring laser spot; the diameter of the outer ring fiber core of the optical fiber 3 is 100um-400um.

In one embodiment, the annular laser spot is composed of an inner annular spot and an outer annular spot, the inner annular spot power is 500W-2000W, and the outer annular spot power is 1000W-4000W.

In one embodiment, the annular laser spot is composed of an inner annular spot and an outer annular spot, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the outer annular spot to the inner diameter of the inner annular spot is greater than 1.

In one embodiment, the outer ring spot power is 1000W and the inner ring spot power is 1000W.

In an embodiment, the laser output by the laser 2 is transmitted through the optical fiber 3 to obtain an annular initial light spot, and the annular initial light spot is collimated by the collimating module 4, oscillated by the oscillating mirror group 5 and focused by the field lens 6 to form an annular laser light spot.

In one embodiment, the object to be welded is a notebook battery protection board BMU8.

In one embodiment, the copper bus bar BSB plated with OSP on the BMU8 of the notebook battery protection board is stitch-welded with the Ni bonding pad, and the thickness of copper plated with OSP is 0.2mm-0.3mm, and the thickness of the Ni bonding pad is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

In this embodiment, OSP is an organic solder mask.

In one embodiment, the fumes generated during the welding process are drawn off by the dust extraction device 7.

In this embodiment, a dust extraction device 7 is disposed at one side of the notebook battery protection board BMU (8), and smoke dust generated in the welding process is extracted by the dust extraction device 7.

The laser welding device is used for executing the steps of the laser welding method, and comprises a central control system 1, a laser 2, an optical fiber 3 for outputting annular light spots, a collimation module 4, a vibration mirror group 5, a field mirror 6, a dust extraction method 7 and a workbench 9, wherein the central control system 1 is electrically or wirelessly connected with the laser 2, the output end of the laser 2 is connected with the input end of the optical fiber 3, the output end of the optical fiber 3 is connected with the laser input end of the collimation module 4, the laser output end of the collimation module 4 is provided with the laser input end of the vibration mirror group 5, the laser output end of the vibration mirror group 5 is provided with the field mirror 6, laser output by the laser 2 sequentially passes through the optical fiber 3, the collimation module 4, the vibration mirror group 5 and the field mirror 6 and then reaches a to-be-welded object positioned on the workbench 9, the vibration mirror group 5 swings at a high speed to enable the annular laser light spots to move on the to-be-welded object according to a preset welding spot pattern, the preset pattern is spiral, and the preset pitch is in the range of 0.001-0.00 mm-0.06mm or 0.05 mm.

In one embodiment, the collimating focal length of the collimating module 4 is 100mm-200mm, the aperture of the galvanometer group 5 is 15mm-30mm, and the focal length of the field lens 6 is 175mm-348mm.

In one embodiment, the laser 2 emits laser light in the wavelength range 335nm to 1064nm.

In an embodiment, the laser 2 is a ring spot laser, the diameter of an inner ring fiber core of the laser 2 is 14um-100um, the power of the inner ring is 500W-2000W, the diameter of an outer ring fiber core is 100um-400um, and the power of the outer ring is 1000W-4000W.

In one embodiment, a laser welding method on a BMU (notebook battery protection plate) includes the steps of:

selecting a welded BMU8 and setting the relative position of the welded BMU8 and an external light path system;

the central control system 1 controls the laser 2 to emit laser;

laser emitted by the laser 2 enters the vibrating mirror group 5 through an external optical path conduction system;

the laser is oscillated at high speed by the oscillating mirror group 5 to make the laser work on the welded BMU8 and form a welding track.

In one embodiment, a dust extractor 7 is provided on one side of the BMU8 to be soldered to extract the fumes generated during soldering.

In one embodiment, the soldered BMU8 is an OSP plated copper BSB stitch bonded with Ni pads having a copper thickness of 0.2mm-0.3mm and a Ni pad thickness of 0.3mm-0.5mm.

In one embodiment, the weld pattern is a spiral spot, and the weld puddle is cooled relatively slowly because of the heat concentration of the spiral spot, which is beneficial to exhausting the gas in the puddle and has a relatively good welding effect.

A laser welding device on a BMU (notebook battery protection board) comprises a central control system 1, a laser 2, an optical fiber 3, a collimation module 4, a vibrating mirror group 5, a field mirror 6, a dust extraction device 7 and a workbench 9.

In one embodiment, the laser 2 is a ring spot laser, the inner ring core diameter is 14um-100um, the inner ring power is 500W-2000W, the outer ring core diameter is 100um-400um, and the outer ring power is 1000W-4000W.

In one embodiment, the laser 2 emits laser light in the wavelength range 335nm to 1064nm.

In one embodiment, the collimation focal length is 100mm-200mm, the galvanometer clear aperture is 15mm-30mm, and the field lens focal length is 175mm-348mm.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 1-4, when a BMU is welded, firstly, a proper laser is selected according to the characteristics of the welded material, the surface state and the welding requirement, the copper has good thermal conductivity, the weld pool is cooled quickly, and the preheating and slow cooling are needed to improve the stability of the weld pool; the absorptivity of copper to infrared laser is low, and the higher power density is beneficial to the stability of a welding seam molten pool; the copper surface has an OSP coating, and it is necessary to slow down the cooling rate of the molten pool and improve the gas discharge of the molten pool, so that the laser 2 selected in this embodiment is a ring spot laser.

The diameter of the inner ring and the diameter of the outer ring of the laser are selected mainly according to the stability of a weld pool, the requirement on the uniformity of penetration and the limitation consideration of the welding heat input quantity, and the heat input quantity of the diameter of the outer ring small fiber core is lower in consideration of the stability and the uniformity of the penetration of the diameter of the inner ring small fiber core, so that the diameter of the inner ring fiber core of the laser is preferably 14um, and the diameter of the outer ring fiber core is preferably 100um; the laser power is selected mainly according to the physical properties and thickness specification of the welding material, but considering the actual equipment condition, the laser inner ring power is preferably 1000W, and the laser outer ring power is preferably 1000W.

And then selecting the configuration of the external light path system according to the optical performance parameters of the laser, the influence of the size of the vibrating mirror on the welding effect and the influence of the size of the welding spot on the welding effect. The response speed is controlled faster during the welding of the vibrating mirror with small caliber, which is more suitable for the high-speed welding of small welding patterns, and simultaneously, the clear aperture of the vibrating mirror group 5 is preferably 20mm in consideration of the optical performance parameters and the collimation specification range of the laser; according to the optical performance parameters of the laser and the clear aperture size of the selected galvanometer, the collimation is overlarge and the diameter of the collimation light spot can exceed the clear aperture of the galvanometer according to the calculation of an optical formula, so that the focal length of the collimation module 4 is preferably 100mm; the focal length of the field lens 6 is preferably 175mm, depending on the effect of the welding spot size on the welding effect.

Then, the workbench 9 is adjusted to enable the vibrating mirror group 5 to move up and down, the focusing focus of the field mirror 6 is determined, the focus position is calibrated, and then the workbench 9 is adjusted to enable the focus to be located on the BUM surface to be welded.

Then, the laser generator 2 emits laser through the central control system 1, the laser enters the collimation module 4 through the optical fiber 3, the divergent light is collimated into parallel beams, the parallel beams enter the galvanometer group 5 through the galvanometer clear aperture, then the parallel beams are reflected into the field lens 6 through the deflection lens, the parallel beams are focused to act on the welded BMU8 to form a molten pool, and then the laser with certain energy forms a welding track on the welded BUM 8 through the high-speed swing of the deflection lens in the galvanometer group 5 by setting parameters of the laser generator 2 and the galvanometer group 5 in the central control system 1. Meanwhile, the dust extraction device 7 beside the welding process can remove the smoke dust generated during welding, so that the influence on the welding effect and the environmental pollution are avoided.

The welding track of the welding method is a spiral point, a track schematic diagram is shown in fig. 2, and Deltar is the spiral distance of the spiral point. The spiral spot welding track has two advantages compared with other welding tracks, one is that the intervals among the spiral spot tracks are equal, no staggering exists, and the penetration stability is good; secondly, the temperature field of the spiral point is concentrated, the weld is cooled relatively slowly, and the probability of bulge and splash of the explosion point can be reduced to a certain extent; the welding track is therefore preferably a spiral point.

The pitch of the spiral point track has a significant effect on the welding effect. The smaller the spiral distance is, the higher the welding seam overlapping is, the slower the welding seam cooling molten pool is, the easier the gas in the welding seam molten pool is discharged, but the higher the overlapping rate is, the worse the welding seam penetration stability is; the larger the screw pitch is, the smaller the welding seam overlapping is, the faster the welding seam molten pool is cooled, the gas in the welding seam molten pool is difficult to discharge, and the bulge and the splash of the explosion point are easy to occur. Experiments prove that the range of the screw pitch with good welding effect is 0.05mm-0.06mm.

In laser welding, the welding speed has a direct influence on the welding effect, and besides the penetration of the welding line, the cooling speed and the stability of the penetration of a welding line molten pool are also influenced. When the speed is low, the weld pool is cooled slowly, so that gas in the weld pool is facilitated to escape, the probability of bulge explosion points can be reduced, and the weld penetration stability is poor; when the welding speed is high, the weld pool is cooled fast, unfavorable pool gas escapes, and bulge and splash of a frying point are easy to occur. Experiments prove that the welding speed range with good welding effect is 500mm/s-600mm/s.

The laser inner ring power and the outer ring power have different influences on the welding effect, the inner ring power mainly influences the penetration of a welding pool, and the outer ring power mainly influences the appearance of a welding seam. Because the welding requirement limits the penetration range, the welding power of the inner ring is adjusted according to the penetration of the welding line; the outer ring power has direct obvious influence on the appearance of the welding seam, when the outer ring power is lower, the preheating slow cooling effect of the welding seam is poor, gas escape is not facilitated, bulges and explosion point splashing are likely to occur, when the outer ring power is higher, the welding seam has obvious preheating slow cooling effect, gas escape is facilitated, the bulge and explosion point splashing condition of the welding seam is greatly improved, but the welding heat input limit is caused by BMU welding, the tin layer at the bottom of the welding pad cannot be melted and overflowed due to the overhigh temperature of the welding pad, and the experimental test shows that the outer ring power range with better welding effect is 300W-500W.

According to the invention, a proper laser, peripheral optical configuration and welding patterns are selected according to the absorption characteristics, welding requirements and welding effects of BMU welding materials, three parameters including pitch of a screw, welding speed and outer ring power are comprehensively considered and set, so that the weld penetration stability is good, a proper preheating slow cooling effect is provided, the defects of weld bulge and splash of a explosion point are greatly improved, and the melting of a tin layer under a welding pad caused by overlarge welding heat output is avoided, so that a welding spot with good penetration stability and no bulge and splash of the explosion point is obtained.

The technical principle of the present invention is described above with reference to specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of this specification without undue burden.

Claims (16)

1. A laser welding method, comprising: and welding the object to be welded by the annular laser spots according to the spiral point-shaped pattern.

2. The laser welding method according to claim 1, comprising:

step S10, a central control system (1) controls a laser (2) to emit annular laser spots, and the annular laser spots enter a vibrating mirror group (5) through an external optical path conduction system;

and S20, enabling the annular laser light spot to move according to a spiral point-shaped pattern through high-speed swing of the vibrating mirror group (5) so as to weld objects to be welded.

3. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein the welding speed ranges from 500mm/s to 600mm/s.

4. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein the spiral pitch of the pattern of spiral dots is in the range of 0.001mm to 100.00mm or 0.05mm to 0.06mm.

5. The laser welding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser output by the laser (2) is transmitted through the optical fiber (3) to obtain a ring-shaped laser spot, and the diameter of the inner ring fiber core of the optical fiber (3) is 14um-100um, so as to output the inner ring spot; the diameter of the outer ring fiber core of the optical fiber (3) is 100um-400um.

6. The laser welding method according to claim 5, wherein the ring-shaped laser spot is composed of an inner ring spot and an outer ring spot, the inner ring spot power is 500W-2000W, and the outer ring spot power is 1000W-4000W.

7. The laser welding method according to claim 5, wherein the ring-shaped laser spot is composed of an inner ring spot and an outer ring spot, and a ratio of an outer diameter of the outer ring spot to an inner diameter of the inner ring spot is greater than 1.

8. The laser welding method of claim 5, wherein the outer ring spot power is 1000W and the inner ring spot power is 1000W.

9. The laser welding method according to claim 5, wherein the laser output by the laser (2) is transmitted through the optical fiber (3) to obtain an annular initial light spot, and the annular initial light spot is collimated by the collimating module (4), oscillated by the oscillating mirror group (5) and focused by the field lens (6) to form an annular laser light spot.

10. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein the object to be welded is a notebook battery protection plate BMU (8).

11. The laser welding method according to claim 10, wherein the copper bus bar BSB plated with OSP on the notebook battery protection board BMU (8) is stitch-welded with the Ni pad, and the thickness of copper plated with OSP is 0.2mm-0.3mm and the thickness of the Ni pad is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

12. A laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fumes generated during the welding process are drawn off by means of a dust extraction device (7).

13. The laser welding equipment is characterized by comprising a central control system (1), a laser (2), an optical fiber (3) for outputting annular light spots, a collimation module (4), a vibrating mirror group (5), a field mirror (6), a dust extraction method (7) and a workbench (9), wherein the central control system (1) is electrically connected or in wireless communication with the laser (2), the output end of the laser (2) is connected with the input end of the optical fiber (3), the output end of the optical fiber (3) is connected with the laser input end of the collimation module (4), the laser output end of the collimation module (4) is provided with the laser input end of the vibrating mirror group (5), the laser output end of the vibrating mirror group (5) is provided with the field mirror (6), the laser output by the laser (2) sequentially passes through the optical fiber (3), the collimation module (4), the vibrating mirror group (5) and the field mirror (6) and reaches the workbench (9) to reach the workbench (9), and the laser output end of the vibrating mirror group is in a preset shape of a spiral pattern or a preset welding point with a preset distance of 0.0.001 mm, and the distance between the laser welding point and the spiral welding point is 0.05 mm.

14. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the collimating focal length of the collimating module (4) is 100mm-200mm, the galvanometer clear aperture of the galvanometer group (5) is 15mm-30mm, and the focal length of the field lens (6) is 175mm-348mm.

15. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the laser (2) emits laser light in the wavelength range of 335nm-1064nm.

16. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the laser (2) is a ring spot laser, an inner ring core diameter of the laser (2) is 14um-100um, an inner ring power is 500W-2000W, an outer ring core diameter is 100um-400um, and an outer ring power is 1000W-4000W.