CN117175766A - Control method for dynamic battery pack switching and continuous power supply - Google Patents
Control method for dynamic battery pack switching and continuous power supply Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a control method for switching and continuously supplying power to a dynamic battery pack, which comprises the following steps: firstly, monitoring the access and the exit of a second battery pack in real time; then, pairing connection is carried out, then, a high-voltage battery pack is searched, then, a strategy is dynamically switched, and finally, a second battery pack is pulled out for detection; the application provides a second battery pack access system, which is used for balancing a first battery and a second battery pack and combining the first battery and the second battery pack together. The capacity of the device is enlarged, thereby increasing the external endurance time of the device. The first battery and the second battery are packaged together and then are equivalent to a large battery, and the large battery are charged and discharged together, so that the voltage of the battery package is guaranteed to be balanced in real time. The greatest effect of the battery pack parallel control algorithm is to ensure the safety of the second battery pack, ensure the charge-discharge balance among the battery packs and further increase the endurance capacity of the equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The technical field of battery management systems, in particular to a control method for switching and continuously supplying power to a dynamic battery pack.
Background
With the increasing environmental problems, the world places more importance on the development of new energy under the background of reaching the standard of carbon. The outdoor power supply is used as a clean outdoor energy supply scheme, and has the advantages of light weight, high capacity, high power, convenience for carrying and the like, so that the consumer population in camping is won, the reliability in the fields of flood fighting, emergency rescue, mobile medical treatment, self-driving travel, picnic camping, aerial photography, surveying and mapping exploration and the like is ensured, and the trend of rapid growth is maintained.
The most important part of an outdoor power supply is the capacity of the battery pack. The size of the battery pack capacity is an important parameter in determining the external discharge time of the device at rated power. The capacity of the battery pack is often an indicator of the weight of the device. In battery packs, the cells are not placed randomly inside the housing of the power cell, but are placed in order according to modules and packs for safe and efficient management of hundreds or thousands of individual cells. The smallest unit is a cell, a group of cells can form a module, and several modules can form a lithium battery pack. The concepts of the battery cell, the module and the battery pack are as follows:
and (3) an electric core: the cell refers to an electrochemical cell which comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and is not generally directly used. In addition, the life of the battery cells is also the most critical factor, and damage to any one battery cell can result in damage to the entire battery pack.
And (3) a module: the battery module can be understood as an intermediate product of a battery core and a pack formed by combining lithium ion battery cores in a serial-parallel connection mode and adding a single battery monitoring and managing device. The structure of the battery cell has to play roles in supporting, fixing and protecting the battery cell, and can be summarized into 3 major items: mechanical strength, electrical properties, thermal properties and fault handling capability.
And (3) battery pack: pack refers to customized packaging, encapsulation and assembly of lithium batteries, and the main procedures comprise processing, assembly and packaging. After several modules are controlled or managed together by the BMS and the thermal management system, this unified whole is called a lithium battery pack.
The interfaces of outdoor power supply products in the market are rich, and the outdoor power supply products have a plurality of interfaces of AC, DC, USB, type-C, vehicle charging and the like for output; the MPPT input device has the advantages of wide-range MPPT input, low-power input and 110-240V wide-range AC interface input; the method has rich UI display interfaces and simple-operation function selection keys. As outdoor power supplies are increasingly used, the demands for power and battery capacity are increasing. The larger the battery pack capacity, the more complex the combination of the metering cells, and the higher the thermal management system and the balanced charge and discharge management system for the BMS. Another inconvenience caused by the large capacity of the battery pack is the increase in weight of the apparatus. Thereby affecting its portability. With the improvement of life quality of people, the dependence on power supply equipment can be called as going no further apart. Accordingly, there is an increasing demand for high capacity and high power outdoor power sources in areas or countries where power is frequently interrupted. When the sun is sufficient, the solar panel is selected to charge the battery pack, and when the power grid is powered off or for energy saving, the household equipment is powered by the equipment. The outdoor power supply capacity on the market is generally not large, so that the second battery pack is required to be connected in parallel in order to enlarge the battery capacity, and the second battery pack parallel technology is introduced.
A multi-battery pack parallel management method and system mentioned in patent CN115675180a, whose control theory emphasizes that in a discharging scenario, a main controller sequentially controls to turn on charge and discharge switches in a BMS of a battery pack having the highest voltage in order of high to low voltage based on the read battery state information; under the scene of charging, when the main controller detects that the charger is connected into the multi-battery pack parallel management system, the main controller disables the connected load equipment, controls to close the charge and discharge switches of all battery pack BMSs firstly, and then sequentially controls to open the charge and discharge switches in the BMS of the battery pack with the lowest voltage according to the sequence from low voltage to high voltage based on the read battery state information.
If used in a system that can be charged and discharged simultaneously, the charging power is greater than the discharging power, and may cut into a charging scene, where the charging power is less than the discharging power, and may cut into a discharging scene. Since the output load power is variable, frequent switching may be encountered, resulting in frequent interruption of the output load.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a dynamic battery pack switching and continuous power supply system which can realize dynamic battery switching and load plugging so as to improve the stability, usability and energy efficiency of the system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the control method for switching and continuously supplying power for the dynamic battery pack comprises a battery management system, a first battery pack and a plurality of second battery packs, wherein the battery management system is respectively connected with the first battery pack and the plurality of second battery packs, and the control method comprises the following steps:
s1: detecting insertion of the second battery pack; the battery management system judges whether the second battery pack has been inserted into the battery management system by detecting the level change of the signal;
s2: when the second battery pack is detected to be accessed into the battery management system, the battery management system traverses the device IDs of the pairing list stored by the battery management system, if the pairing is not carried out, and if the pairing is not carried out, the pairing is started;
s3: after the second battery pack is inserted, the battery management system acquires the voltage information of all the battery packs through the battery management system; the battery management system compares the acquired voltage information of the battery packs to find out the battery pack with the highest voltage and determines whether the battery pack is a second battery pack; if the highest voltage battery pack is the first battery pack, the battery management system directly skips the step and enters a dynamic switching strategy; if the highest voltage battery pack is the second battery pack, the battery management system takes the following actions:
s31, in order to ensure that the voltage of the first battery pack can be gradually increased, the battery management system pre-charges the first battery pack to enable the voltage of the first battery pack to gradually approach the voltage of the second battery pack;
s32: the battery management system waits for the voltage of the first battery pack to rise until a specific parallel voltage threshold is reached to ensure that the voltages of the two battery packs match;
s33: once the voltage of the first battery pack rises to be smaller than the parallel voltage threshold value, the battery management system opens a charge-discharge switch of the second battery pack, and allows the second battery pack to participate in power supply;
s34: the battery management system will lock the second battery pack to the highest battery pack, meaning that the system will prefer to use the second battery pack for power;
s35: entering a dynamic switching strategy: once the steps are finished, the battery management system enters a dynamic switching strategy, and real-time switching control is carried out according to the battery state and the requirement;
s4: the dynamic switching strategy comprises the following steps:
s41: acquiring a voltage value from the highest battery pack locked in the step S3, and taking the voltage value as a reference voltage object for switching;
s42: for other battery packs, calculating differences between other voltages and a reference voltage;
s43: if the voltage difference of a certain battery pack is smaller than the parallel voltage threshold value, the battery management system switches the battery pack to a parallel state; otherwise, the battery pack is switched to a pre-charge state;
s44: for the battery packs which are in the parallel state, the battery management system continuously monitors the voltage state of the battery packs;
s45: if the voltage difference of the battery packs in the parallel state is larger than the pre-charge voltage threshold value, the battery management system switches the battery packs from the parallel state to the pre-charge state;
s46: for the battery pack in the pre-charge state, the battery management system can continuously monitor the voltage state of the battery pack;
s47: if the voltage of the battery pack in the pre-charge state rises and is smaller than the parallel voltage threshold value, the battery management system switches the battery pack from the pre-charge state to the parallel state;
s5: and (3) detecting the pulling-out state of the second battery pack, and returning to the step (S1) if the second battery pack is in the pulling-out state, and returning to the step (S2) if the second battery pack is not in the pulling-out state.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
(1) The method of the present application allows the system to dynamically switch between multiple battery packs to maintain optimal performance and endurance of the battery pack. By intelligently switching according to the voltage states of the battery packs, the system can fully utilize the electric energy of each battery pack, and the running time of the equipment is prolonged;
(2) According to the application, the system can effectively balance the voltage between the battery packs by carrying out pre-charging and switching between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, so that the over-charging and over-discharging are avoided, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
(3) The auto-pairing function of the system of the present application ensures that each second battery pack is properly connected without manual intervention. This improves convenience and reliability of use.
(4) According to the application, by switching between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, the system can realize continuous power supply, and the condition that the operation of the equipment is interrupted due to battery replacement is avoided.
(5) The method of the application comprises the real-time monitoring of the battery state, including the comparison of the voltage difference value and the voltage threshold value, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the battery.
(6) The system can more effectively utilize the energy of the battery pack by locking the highest battery pack and preferentially using the highest battery pack to supply power, and provide longer running time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for controlling dynamic battery pack switching and continuous power supply according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a block schematic diagram of a tandem connection of dynamic battery packs according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a block schematic diagram of a star connection of a dynamic battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a star connection with a conversion device for a dynamic battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;
Detailed Description
The terminology used in the description of the embodiments of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application, as will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the first battery pack in the present embodiment may be set as a main battery, which refers to a battery pack carried by the device itself;
the second battery pack refers to an external battery pack having the same capacity as the main battery pack.
Parallel voltage threshold: refers to the maximum voltage value of the first and second battery packs combined together.
Precharge voltage threshold: refers to a minimum voltage value at which the first battery pack or the second battery pack is open-pre-charged.
Parallel state: the two battery packs are smaller than the parallel voltage threshold, so that the battery can be opened to discharge the system, and the system can charge the system with high power.
Pre-charge state: the voltage difference between a certain battery pack and the highest battery pack is larger than the pre-charge voltage threshold, and the system can not start the battery and only start the low-power charging circuit. This low power charge is 250W at maximum power.
Equilibrium state: an external or high voltage battery pack charges the battery pack into a pre-charge state.
As shown in fig. 2, this connection is called a tandem connection, in which the first battery pack, i.e., the host, provides only one access port, by means of which the external second battery pack accesses the first battery pack. The second battery pack provides an access to the first battery pack or other second battery pack interface and an accessed interface. Thereby realizing a serial connection mode of one by one, and combining all external second battery packs together. Its advantages are less interfaces, easy connection, and stacked devices. The disadvantage is that the more second battery packs are connected, the greater the line impedance of the second battery packs is.
As shown in fig. 3: this connection is called a star connection and the first battery pack needs to provide an input interface based on the supported second battery pack data. The advantage is that every second battery package merges the first battery package wiring and is same long, and the line resistance is little, and charge-discharge current is balanced. The disadvantage is that it cannot be extended and the first battery pack provides a limited port. The devices are not well stacked.
As shown in fig. 4: the method combines the advantages of the two methods and adds a conversion device. The disadvantage is the increased cost.
In the practical example, it is assumed that 8 second battery packs are connected externally, that is, the system battery capacity can be expanded to 720Ah. If the battery is fully charged, 8 second battery packs are incorporated into the battery management system, which outputs at 3600W rated power, for a maximum of 10 hours.
As shown in fig. 1, a control method for switching and continuously supplying power to a dynamic battery pack, wherein the dynamic battery comprises a battery management system, a first battery pack and a plurality of second battery packs, the battery management system is respectively connected with the first battery pack and the plurality of second battery packs, and the control method comprises the following steps:
s1: detecting insertion of the second battery pack; the battery management system judges whether the second battery pack has been inserted into the battery management system by detecting the level change of the signal;
s2: when the second battery pack is detected to be accessed into the battery management system, the battery management system traverses the device IDs of the pairing list stored by the battery management system, if the pairing is not carried out, and if the pairing is not carried out, the pairing is started;
s3: after the second battery pack is inserted, the battery management system acquires the voltage information of all the battery packs through the battery management system; the battery management system compares the acquired voltage information of the battery packs to find out the battery pack with the highest voltage and determines whether the battery pack is a second battery pack; if the highest voltage battery pack is the first battery pack, the battery management system directly skips the step and enters a dynamic switching strategy; if the highest voltage battery pack is the second battery pack, the battery management system takes the following actions:
s31, in order to ensure that the voltage of the first battery pack can be gradually increased, the battery management system pre-charges the first battery pack to enable the voltage of the first battery pack to gradually approach the voltage of the second battery pack;
s32: the battery management system waits for the voltage of the first battery pack to rise until a specific parallel voltage threshold is reached to ensure that the voltages of the two battery packs match;
s33: once the voltage of the first battery pack rises to be smaller than the parallel voltage threshold value, the battery management system opens a charge-discharge switch of the second battery pack, and allows the second battery pack to participate in power supply;
s34: the battery management system will lock the second battery pack to the highest battery pack, meaning that the system will prefer to use the second battery pack for power;
s35: entering a dynamic switching strategy: once the steps are finished, the battery management system enters a dynamic switching strategy, and real-time switching control is carried out according to the battery state and the requirement;
s4: the dynamic switching strategy comprises the following steps:
s41: acquiring a voltage value from the highest battery pack locked in the step S3, and taking the voltage value as a reference voltage object for switching;
s42: for other battery packs, calculating differences between other voltages and a reference voltage;
s43: if the voltage difference of a certain battery pack is smaller than the parallel voltage threshold value, the battery management system switches the battery pack to a parallel state; otherwise, the battery pack is switched to a pre-charge state;
s44: for the battery packs which are in the parallel state, the battery management system continuously monitors the voltage state of the battery packs;
s45: if the voltage difference of the battery packs in the parallel state is larger than the pre-charge voltage threshold value, the battery management system switches the battery packs from the parallel state to the pre-charge state;
s46: for the battery pack in the pre-charge state, the battery management system can continuously monitor the voltage state of the battery pack;
s47: if the voltage of the battery pack in the pre-charge state rises and is smaller than the parallel voltage threshold value, the battery management system switches the battery pack from the pre-charge state to the parallel state;
s5: and (3) detecting the pulling-out state of the second battery pack, and returning to the step (S1) if the second battery pack is in the pulling-out state, and returning to the step (S2) if the second battery pack is not in the pulling-out state.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
(1) The method of the present application allows the system to dynamically switch between multiple battery packs to maintain optimal performance and endurance of the battery pack. By intelligently switching according to the voltage states of the battery packs, the system can fully utilize the electric energy of each battery pack, and the running time of the equipment is prolonged;
(2) According to the application, the system can effectively balance the voltage between the battery packs by carrying out pre-charging and switching between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, so that the over-charging and over-discharging are avoided, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
(3) The auto-pairing function of the system of the present application ensures that each second battery pack is properly connected without manual intervention. This improves convenience and reliability of use.
(4) According to the application, by switching between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, the system can realize continuous power supply, and the condition that the operation of the equipment is interrupted due to battery replacement is avoided.
(5) The method of the application comprises the real-time monitoring of the battery state, including the comparison of the voltage difference value and the voltage threshold value, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the battery.
(6) The system can more effectively utilize the energy of the battery pack by locking the highest battery pack and preferentially using the highest battery pack to supply power, and provide longer running time.
In this embodiment, the battery which exits from the parallel connection enters a pre-charge state, and since the battery pack of the present application has two charging loops, one is a main loop, the main loop is opened, the battery can be loaded and the battery pack can be charged with high power. The precharge circuit can only charge with small power, but cannot be loaded. Therefore, the parallel battery is withdrawn, and the voltage of the battery is raised to be within the parallel voltage threshold value through the pre-charging circuit, so that the parallel speed of the battery pack is increased.
The pre-charge circuit plays a key role in the switching process of the battery pack. When a second battery pack insertion is detected and a switch to it is required, the pre-charge circuit is used to quickly raise the voltage of the first battery pack so that it reaches the parallel voltage threshold as soon as possible. This helps to speed up the parallel process of the battery packs, reducing the delay of switching, and thus achieving continuous power supply.
The dynamic switching strategy is used for keeping the balance of the battery pack and optimizing power supply by monitoring the voltage state of the battery pack and switching according to the requirement. In a switching strategy, the pre-charge circuit may help the battery pack boost the voltage faster before switching to the parallel state, which is a critical step in maintaining the balance of the battery pack.
One of the goals of the overall control method is to achieve a continuous power supply that maintains the power to the device even during battery pack switching. By reasonably managing the pre-charging and switching processes, the device can be ensured not to be powered intermittently during the switching of the battery pack, and the reliability of the system is improved.
The dynamic switching strategy comprises real-time monitoring of the battery state, including comparison of voltage difference and voltage threshold, so as to ensure safe and stable operation of the battery. The pre-charging circuit plays an important role in maintaining the voltage balance of the battery pack, and is helpful for avoiding dangerous situations such as overcharge or overdischarge.
Thus, the pre-charge circuit and dynamic battery pack switching in this design work closely with the control method of continuous power to ensure efficient operation, balancing and stable power supply of the battery pack. This is beneficial for applications requiring uninterruptible power and battery protection, such as uninterruptible power supply systems and mobile devices.
In describing embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly coupled, indirectly coupled through an intermediary, in communication between two elements, or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
The embodiments of the application may be implemented or realized in any number of ways, including as a matter of course, such that the apparatus or elements recited in the claims are not necessarily oriented or configured to operate in any particular manner. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless specifically stated otherwise.
The terms first, second, third, fourth and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above-described figures, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented, for example, in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "may include" and "have," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, and are not limited thereto. Although embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features may be replaced with equivalents. Such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (1)
1. A control method for switching and continuously supplying power to a dynamic battery pack is characterized by comprising the following steps: the dynamic battery comprises a battery management system, a first battery pack and a plurality of second battery packs, wherein the battery management system is respectively connected with the first battery pack and the plurality of second battery packs, and the control method comprises the following steps:
s1: detecting insertion of the second battery pack; the battery management system judges whether the second battery pack has been inserted into the battery management system by detecting the level change of the signal;
s2: when the second battery pack is detected to be accessed into the battery management system, the battery management system traverses the device IDs of the pairing list stored by the battery management system, if the pairing is not carried out, and if the pairing is not carried out, the pairing is started;
s3: after the second battery pack is inserted, the battery management system acquires the voltage information of all the battery packs through the battery management system; the battery management system compares the acquired voltage information of the battery packs to find out the battery pack with the highest voltage and determines whether the battery pack is a second battery pack; if the highest voltage battery pack is the first battery pack, the battery management system directly skips the step and enters a dynamic switching strategy; if the highest voltage battery pack is the second battery pack, the battery management system takes the following actions:
s31, in order to ensure that the voltage of the first battery pack can be gradually increased, the battery management system pre-charges the first battery pack to enable the voltage of the first battery pack to gradually approach the voltage of the second battery pack;
s32: the battery management system waits for the voltage of the first battery pack to rise until a specific parallel voltage threshold is reached to ensure that the voltages of the two battery packs match;
s33: once the voltage of the first battery pack rises to be smaller than the parallel voltage threshold value, the battery management system opens a charge-discharge switch of the second battery pack, and allows the second battery pack to participate in power supply;
s34: the battery management system will lock the second battery pack to the highest battery pack, meaning that the system will prefer to use the second battery pack for power;
s35: entering a dynamic switching strategy: once the steps are finished, the battery management system enters a dynamic switching strategy, and real-time switching control is carried out according to the battery state and the requirement;
s4: the dynamic switching strategy comprises the following steps:
s41: acquiring a voltage value from the highest battery pack locked in the step S3, and taking the voltage value as a reference voltage object for switching;
s42: for other battery packs, calculating differences between other voltages and a reference voltage;
s43: if the voltage difference of a certain battery pack is smaller than the parallel voltage threshold value, the battery management system switches the battery pack to a parallel state; otherwise, the battery pack is switched to a pre-charge state;
s44: for the battery packs which are in the parallel state, the battery management system continuously monitors the voltage state of the battery packs;
s45: if the voltage difference of the battery packs in the parallel state is larger than the pre-charge voltage threshold value, the battery management system switches the battery packs from the parallel state to the pre-charge state;
s46: for the battery pack in the pre-charge state, the battery management system can continuously monitor the voltage state of the battery pack;
s47: if the voltage of the battery pack in the pre-charge state rises and is smaller than the parallel voltage threshold value, the battery management system switches the battery pack from the pre-charge state to the parallel state;
s5: and (3) detecting the pulling-out state of the second battery pack, and returning to the step (S1) if the second battery pack is in the pulling-out state, and returning to the step (S2) if the second battery pack is not in the pulling-out state.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117955216A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-04-30 | 深圳市斐石科技有限公司 | Multi-battery pack parallel capacity expansion calibration control method |
| CN117977755A (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-05-03 | 禹创半导体(深圳)有限公司 | Battery status identification device and battery status identification method |
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2023
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117977755A (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-05-03 | 禹创半导体(深圳)有限公司 | Battery status identification device and battery status identification method |
| CN117955216A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-04-30 | 深圳市斐石科技有限公司 | Multi-battery pack parallel capacity expansion calibration control method |
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