CN117148123A - Open circuit fault self-checking method, system and storage medium - Google Patents
Open circuit fault self-checking method, system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an open circuit fault self-checking method, a system and a storage medium, relating to the technical field of photovoltaic inverter detection, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, according to the operation state of the photovoltaic inverter, the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switch tube are respectively obtained through the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit; obtaining a theoretical duty ratio of a driving signal of the BOOST switch tube based on the sampling data through a signal processing unit; and judging whether the boost circuit has an open circuit fault or not according to the relation between the bus voltage and a preset voltage threshold value and the relation between the actual duty ratio and the theoretical duty ratio. According to the invention, whether the BOOST circuit where the BOOST switch tube is located has faults or not is detected while whether the BOOST switch tube has faults or not is checked, so that the fault detection of the BOOST switch tube and the drive circuit thereof is optimized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic inverter detection, in particular to an open circuit fault self-checking method, an open circuit fault self-checking system and a storage medium.
Background
In a photovoltaic inverter system with multiple MPPT inputs, a plurality of BOOST switching tubes are generally used for boosting operation, so in order to ensure normal operation of a circuit, the BOOST switching tubes and the circuits driven by the switching tubes need to be detected to check whether an abnormality exists. The detection is usually carried out by adopting a single board detection technology or a complete machine grid-connected aging test.
In the prior art, the single board detection technology can only detect whether the single board BOOST switching tube and the driving circuit of the switching tube are abnormal, and cannot detect whether the BOOST switching tube and the driving circuit are abnormal in the process of assembling, transporting and installing the whole machine. Meanwhile, the whole machine grid-connected aging test needs to manually perform the step-up grid-connected test one by one on each single path, so that the labor cost is high, the test time is long, and the large-batch detection operation is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is how to optimize fault detection of a BOOST switch tube and a driving circuit thereof.
The invention provides an open-circuit fault self-checking method which is used for a photovoltaic inverter, wherein the photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC voltage conversion circuit, a BOOST circuit with a BOOST switching tube, a DC voltage sampling circuit, a signal processing unit, a bus voltage sampling circuit and a negative half bus voltage sampling circuit; the DC voltage conversion circuit is used for being connected with the photovoltaic panel and the boost circuit respectively, the boost circuit is connected with the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit respectively, and the signal processing unit is connected with the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit respectively;
the open circuit fault self-checking method comprises the following steps:
when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, according to the running state of the photovoltaic inverter, the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube are respectively obtained through the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit;
obtaining a theoretical duty ratio of a driving signal of the BOOST switching tube according to the direct-current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit;
increasing the bus voltage of the boost circuit and acquiring the actual duty ratio of the driving signal;
and judging whether the boost circuit has an open circuit fault or not according to the relation between the bus voltage and a preset voltage threshold value and the relation between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle.
Optionally, the operating state of the photovoltaic inverter comprises an open loop state; when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, according to the operation state of the photovoltaic inverter, the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube are obtained respectively through the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, if the photovoltaic inverter is in the open loop state, controlling the DC voltage sampling circuit to perform differential sampling operation to obtain the direct current voltage;
controlling the bus voltage sampling circuit to perform the differential sampling operation to obtain the bus voltage;
and obtaining the negative half bus voltage through the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit.
Optionally, the obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switch tube according to the direct current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit includes:
inputting the direct current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage into the signal processing unit;
according to a volt-second rule, a first theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of an upper tube of the BOOST switch tube and a second theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of a lower tube of the BOOST switch tube are obtained;
obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube according to the synchronous modulation principle of the BOOST switching tube;
the synchronous modulation principle is that the first theoretical duty ratio of the upper tube, the second theoretical duty ratio of the lower tube and the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube are the same.
Optionally, the obtaining, according to the volt-second rule, a first theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the upper tube of the BOOST switching tube and a second theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the lower tube of the BOOST switching tube includes:
obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the upper tube of the BOOST switching tube according to a first duty ratio formula through the signal processing unit;
wherein, the first duty ratio formula is:
；
；
；
wherein,for the DC voltage of the upper tube obtained from the DC voltage, +.>For a positive half bus voltage derived from said bus voltage and said negative half bus voltage, +.>For the conduction voltage drop of the diode of the positive half bus of the BOOST switching tube, +.>For the opening time of the upper tube, +.>For the off time of the upper tube, +.>Is the first theoretical duty cycle of the upper tube.
Optionally, the obtaining, by the signal processing unit, the theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the upper pipe of the BOOST switching tube and the theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the lower pipe of the BOOST switching tube according to a volt-second rule further includes:
obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the lower tube of the BOOST switching tube according to a second duty ratio formula;
wherein, the second duty ratio formula is:
；
；
；
wherein,for the direct voltage of the lower tube obtained from the direct voltage, +.>For the negative half-bus voltage, +.>A conduction voltage drop of a diode of a negative half bus of the BOOST switching tube, +.>For the opening time of the down tube, +.>For the off-time of the down tube, +.>Is the second theoretical duty cycle of the down tube.
Optionally, the determining whether the boost circuit has an open circuit fault according to the relationship between the bus voltage and a preset voltage threshold and the relationship between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle includes:
and when the bus voltage is smaller than the preset voltage threshold, judging that the open circuit fault exists in the boost circuit if the actual duty ratio is larger than or equal to the theoretical duty ratio of a fixed multiple.
Optionally, the step-up circuit judging whether an open circuit fault exists according to the relation between the bus voltage and a preset voltage threshold and the relation between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle, further includes:
and when the bus voltage is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, judging that the open circuit fault does not exist in the booster circuit if the actual duty ratio is smaller than the theoretical duty ratio of the fixed multiple.
Optionally, the photovoltaic inverter includes a plurality of the BOOST circuits with the BOOST switching tubes;
the open circuit fault self-checking method further comprises the following steps:
and when the open circuit fault does not exist in the booster circuit, reducing the bus voltage of the booster circuit and detecting whether the open circuit fault exists in the next booster circuit.
The invention also provides an open circuit fault self-checking system which comprises a computer readable storage medium and a processor, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program realizes the open circuit fault self-checking method when being read and run by the processor.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when being executed by a processor, implements the open circuit fault self-checking method described above.
According to the open circuit fault self-checking method, system and storage medium, firstly, the preset self-checking operation is carried out through the operation state of the photovoltaic inverter, the self-switching of the BOOST switching tube is guaranteed to be free of faults, then the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit are utilized to sample the direct current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube respectively, the sampled voltage values are sent to the signal processing unit, the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube is obtained through calculation of the signal processing unit, and whether the BOOST circuit has open circuit faults is tested through increasing the bus voltage of the BOOST circuit. According to the invention, whether each BOOST switching tube has faults or not is checked, and meanwhile, whether the BOOST circuit in which the BOOST switching tube is positioned has faults or not is also checked, so that the faults can be accurately detected to the BOOST switching tube and the circuit thereof in the specific BOOST circuit, the open-circuit fault detection of the BOOST switching tube can be accurately completed, the fault detection of the BOOST switching tube and the driving circuit thereof is optimized, the safe and reliable operation of the photovoltaic inverter is further ensured, and the generated energy of the inverter is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for open fault self-checking in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a photovoltaic inverter according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a boosting circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for open circuit fault self-checking according to another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
When the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, according to the running state of the photovoltaic inverter, the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube are respectively obtained through the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit;
obtaining a theoretical duty ratio of a driving signal of the BOOST switching tube according to the direct-current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit;
increasing the bus voltage of the boost circuit and acquiring the actual duty ratio of the driving signal;
and judging whether the boost circuit has an open circuit fault or not according to the relation between the bus voltage and a preset voltage threshold value and the relation between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle.
The invention provides an open-circuit fault self-checking method which is characterized by being used for a photovoltaic inverter, wherein the photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC voltage conversion circuit, a BOOST circuit with a BOOST switch tube, a DC voltage sampling circuit, a signal processing unit, a bus voltage sampling circuit and a negative half bus voltage sampling circuit;
referring to fig. 2, the DC voltage conversion circuit is configured to be connected to the photovoltaic panel and the boost circuit, the boost circuit is connected to the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit, respectively, and the signal processing unit is connected to the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit, and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in connection with fig. 3, the photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC voltage conversion circuit, a BOOST circuit with BOOST switching tubes, a DC voltage sampling circuit, a signal processing unit, a bus voltage sampling circuit and a negative half bus voltage sampling circuit. The DC voltage conversion circuit is a DC switch, a lightning protection and filtering circuit and is connected with the photovoltaic panel and the boost circuit. The BOOST circuit with the BOOST switching tube is connected with the inversion grid-connected circuit, and meanwhile, two ends of the bus voltage sampling circuit are respectively connected with a positive bus and a negative bus of the BOOST circuit and are used for detecting bus voltage; and two ends of the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit are respectively connected with a negative bus and an intermediate bus of the booster circuit and are used for detecting the voltage of the negative half bus. And two ends of the DC voltage sampling circuit are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current end of the booster circuit and are used for detecting direct current voltage. The signal processing unit is a DSP chip which is respectively connected with the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit and is used for processing the received information and realizing open circuit fault detection of the BOOST switch tube.
Referring to fig. 1, the open circuit fault self-checking method includes:
s1: when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, according to the running state of the photovoltaic inverter, the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube are respectively obtained through the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit.
Specifically, when the photovoltaic panel generates the photovoltaic voltage, the photovoltaic panel receives the light energy to work, the direct current side of the photovoltaic inverter is electrified, the direct current auxiliary power supply supplies power to the detection circuit, the drive control circuit and the fan, and the whole photovoltaic inverter is required to work at the moment, so that the running state of the photovoltaic inverter at the moment needs to be judged, the direct current voltage is detected through the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage is detected by the bus voltage sampling circuit, and the negative half bus voltage is detected by the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit.
S2: and obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switch tube according to the direct-current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit.
Specifically, the obtained bus voltage, the negative half bus voltage and the bus voltage are sent to the signal processing unit in real time, and in the preferred embodiment of the invention, after the DSP chip receives the data, the theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube is calculated, that is, the theoretical duty cycle of the BOOST circuit is determined, so as to determine whether the circuit has a fault.
S3: and increasing the bus voltage of the booster circuit and acquiring the actual duty ratio of the driving signal.
Specifically, the BOOST voltage of the bus needs to be raised, so that the actual duty ratio of the BOOST switch tube driving control signal is obtained.
S4: and judging whether the boost circuit has an open circuit fault or not according to the relation between the bus voltage and a preset voltage threshold value and the relation between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle.
Specifically, it is necessary to combine the relationship between the bus voltage in the boost circuit and the preset voltage threshold, and the relationship between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle to determine whether an open circuit fault exists in the boost circuit, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preset voltage threshold is typically 1200V, and the mathematical relationship between the bus voltage and 1200V needs to be determined, so as to facilitate the subsequent determination of the fault, where the foregoing steps are all processed by the signal processing unit, and in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing unit is a DSP chip.
According to the open-circuit fault self-checking method, firstly, the preset self-checking operation is carried out through the operation state of the photovoltaic inverter, the self-switching of the BOOST switching tube is guaranteed to be fault-free, then the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit are utilized to sample the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube respectively, the sampled voltage values are sent to the signal processing unit, the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube is obtained through calculation of the signal processing unit, and whether the BOOST circuit has open-circuit fault is tested through increasing the bus voltage of the BOOST circuit. According to the invention, whether each BOOST switching tube has faults or not is checked, and meanwhile, whether the BOOST circuit in which the BOOST switching tube is positioned has faults or not is also checked, so that the faults can be accurately detected to the BOOST switching tube and the circuit thereof in the specific BOOST circuit, the open-circuit fault detection of the BOOST switching tube can be accurately completed, the fault detection of the BOOST switching tube and the driving circuit thereof is optimized, the safe and reliable operation of the photovoltaic inverter is further ensured, and the generated energy of the inverter is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the operation state of the photovoltaic inverter includes an open loop state; when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, according to the operation state of the photovoltaic inverter, the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube are obtained respectively through the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, if the photovoltaic inverter is in the open loop state, controlling the DC voltage sampling circuit to perform differential sampling operation to obtain the direct current voltage;
controlling the bus voltage sampling circuit to perform the differential sampling operation to obtain the bus voltage;
and obtaining the negative half bus voltage through the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit.
In this embodiment, when the photovoltaic inverter is in an open loop state, the photovoltaic inverter does not need to be operated in a grid-connected mode, so, as shown in fig. 3, only after the direct current is powered on, the open fault of the BOOST switching tube is detected, and differential sampling operation is performed on all the BOOST circuits, so as to obtain the direct current voltage of the BOOST circuits. In addition, when the bus voltage is obtained, the bus voltage is obtained by differential sampling no matter the photovoltaic inverter is in any state.
According to the open-circuit fault self-checking method, the direct-current voltage is acquired in real time through differential sampling, and the change of the direct-current voltage is responded quickly, so that a control system can be adjusted and controlled correspondingly in time, and the response speed and stability of the system are improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube according to the dc voltage, the bus voltage, and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit includes:
inputting the direct current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage into the signal processing unit;
according to a volt-second rule, a first theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of an upper tube of the BOOST switch tube and a second theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of a lower tube of the BOOST switch tube are obtained;
obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube according to the synchronous modulation principle of the BOOST switching tube;
the synchronous modulation principle is that the first theoretical duty ratio of the upper tube, the second theoretical duty ratio of the lower tube and the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube are the same.
In this embodiment, the direct current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage are transmitted as input signals to a signal processing unit, and in the signal processing unit, a first theoretical duty ratio and a second theoretical duty ratio of driving signals of an upper tube and a lower tube of a BOOST switch tube are obtained by calculation according to a volt-second rule, wherein the volt-second rule is used for describing a working principle of a switching power supply according to a relation between a change rate of an inductor and a voltage change, and the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signals is obtained by calculation according to a synchronous modulation principle of the BOOST switch tube, and the synchronous modulation principle refers to that the first theoretical duty ratio of the upper tube, the second theoretical duty ratio of the lower tube and the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signals of the whole BOOST switch tube are identical.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, first, the PV voltage generated by the photovoltaic panel is converted into DC voltage after passing through the DC switch, lightning protection and filtering circuit, and is sampled by the DC voltage sampling circuit, and then transmitted to the DSP chip; the DC voltage is boosted by a booster circuit with a filtering and three-level BOOST switching tube, is filtered and stored by an electrolytic capacitor to produce bus voltage, is sampled by a bus voltage sampling circuit and a negative half bus voltage sampling circuit respectively, and is sent to a DSP chip respectively; and the generated three levels realize the inversion and grid connection functions of the inverter through an inversion and grid connection circuit unit. The direct current auxiliary source supplies power to the sampling circuit and the DSP chip, three levels generated by the BOOST unit supply power to the flyback power supply, so that +12V, -12V and +5V are respectively output, and the +5V is converted into +3.3V by the voltage stabilizing chip to supply power to the DSP chip; a part of the +12V power supply output by the direct current auxiliary source supplies power for the fan load; referring to fig. 4, according to the volt-second rule, the theoretical calculated duty ratio D1 of the driving control signal PWM1 of the upper tube Q1 of the BOOST switching tube under ideal conditions can be obtained.
According to the open circuit fault self-checking method, the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signals of the upper pipe and the lower pipe of the BOOST switching pipe is calculated by the signal processing unit according to the volt-second rule, an accurate duty ratio value can be obtained through accurate calculation, and the control precision and the stability of the system are improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining, according to the volt-second rule, the first theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the upper pipe of the BOOST switching tube and the second theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the lower pipe of the BOOST switching tube includes:
obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the upper tube of the BOOST switching tube according to a first duty ratio formula through the signal processing unit;
wherein, the first duty ratio formula is:
；
；
；
wherein,for the DC voltage of the upper tube obtained from the DC voltage, +.>For a positive half bus voltage derived from said bus voltage and said negative half bus voltage, +.>For the conduction voltage drop of the diode of the positive half bus of the BOOST switching tube, +.>For the opening time of the upper tube, +.>For the off time of the upper tube, +.>Is the first theoretical duty cycle of the upper tube.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, according to the volt-second rule, the on-time inductor voltage=the off-time inductor voltage is obtained, so as to obtain a first duty ratio formula:
；
；
；
wherein,to be derived from DC voltageDC voltage of tube->For positive half-bus voltage derived from bus voltage and negative half-bus voltage, +.>The conduction voltage drop of the diode which is the positive half bus of the BOOST switching tube is +.>For the turn-on time of the upper tube->For the turn-off time of the upper tube, +.>Is the first theoretical duty cycle of the upper tube.
According to the first duty ratio formula, a first theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the upper tube of the BOOST switching tube can be obtained.
According to the open circuit fault self-checking method, a first duty ratio formula is obtained by utilizing a volt-second rule, so that a first theoretical duty ratio of a driving signal of an upper tube of a BOOST switching tube is calculated, and subsequent comparison with an actual duty ratio is facilitated.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining, by the signal processing unit, the theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the upper pipe of the BOOST switching tube and the theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the lower pipe of the BOOST switching tube according to a volt-second rule further includes:
obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the lower tube of the BOOST switching tube according to a second duty ratio formula;
wherein, the second duty ratio formula is:
；
；
；
wherein,for the direct voltage of the lower tube obtained from the direct voltage, +.>For the negative half-bus voltage, +.>A conduction voltage drop of a diode of a negative half bus of the BOOST switching tube, +.>For the opening time of the down tube, +.>For the off-time of the down tube, +.>Is the second theoretical duty cycle of the down tube.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, according to the volt-second rule, the on-time inductor voltage=the off-time inductor voltage is obtained, and the second duty ratio formula is obtained:
；
；
；
wherein,for the lower tube DC voltage obtained from the DC voltage,/for the lower tube DC voltage>Is negative half bus voltage, ">Conduction voltage drop of diode of negative half bus of BOOST switch tube, +.>For the turn-on time of down tube->For the off-time of the down tube, +.>Is the second theoretical duty cycle of the down tube.
In combination with the application of the first duty cycle formula shown in fig. 4 and described above, PWM1 is the control signal output by the Q1 upper tube, i.e., the driving signal, PWM2 is the control signal output by the Q2 lower tube, and PWM 1=pwm 2 under the condition of BOOST synchronous modulation by the volt-second rule,＝/>And +.>＝/>。
And obtaining a second theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the lower tube of the BOOST switching tube according to the second duty ratio formula.
According to the open circuit fault self-checking method, a second duty ratio formula is obtained by utilizing a volt-second rule, so that a second theoretical duty ratio of a driving signal of a lower tube of the BOOST switching tube is calculated, and subsequent comparison with an actual duty ratio is facilitated.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the determining whether the open circuit fault exists in the boost circuit according to the relationship between the bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold and the relationship between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle includes:
and when the bus voltage is smaller than the preset voltage threshold, judging that the open circuit fault exists in the boost circuit if the actual duty ratio is larger than or equal to the theoretical duty ratio of a fixed multiple.
In this embodiment, when the bus voltage is smaller than the preset voltage threshold, this means that a boosting operation is required to provide a required voltage output, and the actual duty ratio is a ratio of the actual on time of the switching tube to the actual on time of the switching tube, and is used to control the booster circuit, and the theoretical duty ratio is a theoretical value obtained by calculation. If the actual duty ratio is larger than or equal to the theoretical duty ratio of a fixed multiple, the working time of the actual lower switching tube is longer, and the actual lower switching tube has larger deviation from the theoretical duty ratio, so that the open-circuit fault can be judged, namely the booster circuit cannot work normally. Because the boost circuit cannot operate as required by the theoretical duty cycle, the output voltage cannot provide the desired boost effect.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed multiple may be 1.5, so that it is judged that the boost circuit has an open circuit fault when the actual duty cycle is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the theoretical duty cycle.
According to the open circuit fault self-checking method, whether the open circuit fault exists is judged by comparing the actual duty ratio with the theoretical duty ratio of a fixed multiple, so that the safety and reliability of the system for detecting the open circuit fault are improved, and the working efficiency of the system is improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the determining whether the open circuit fault exists in the boost circuit according to the relationship between the bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold and the relationship between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle further includes:
and when the bus voltage is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, judging that the open circuit fault does not exist in the booster circuit if the actual duty ratio is smaller than the theoretical duty ratio of the fixed multiple.
In this embodiment, when the bus voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, if the actual duty ratio is smaller than the theoretical duty ratio of a fixed multiple, it may be determined that the boost circuit has no open circuit fault. Because the actual duty cycle is less than a fixed multiple of the theoretical duty cycle, this means that the boost circuit can operate at a preset duty cycle to provide the required boost function.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed multiple may be 1.5, and if the actual duty cycle is smaller than the theoretical duty cycle of 1.5 times, it is determined that the boost circuit has no open circuit fault.
According to the open circuit fault self-checking method, whether the open circuit fault exists is judged by comparing the actual duty ratio with the theoretical duty ratio of a fixed multiple, so that the safety and reliability of the system for detecting the open circuit fault are improved, and the working efficiency of the system is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic inverter includes a plurality of the BOOST circuits having the BOOST switching tubes;
the open circuit fault self-checking method further comprises the following steps:
and when the open circuit fault does not exist in the booster circuit, reducing the bus voltage of the booster circuit and detecting whether the open circuit fault exists in the next booster circuit.
In this embodiment, when it is detected that the current BOOST circuit has no open-circuit fault, the fan is turned on to pull down or consume the bus voltage, so as to prepare for executing the self-checking function of the open-circuit fault of the BOOST switching tube of the next BOOST circuit, and the self-checking function is to repeat the above procedure.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, when detecting that the i-th path has no BOOST open-circuit fault, the fan is started to pull down or consume bus voltage, so as to prepare for executing the BOOST switch tube open-circuit fault self-checking function of the i+1th path, wherein the self-checking function is to repeat the above flow; n is the total number of paths of the photovoltaic inverter, and the self-checking function of the open-circuit fault of the BOOST switching tube of the inverter is finished until i=n.
According to the open-circuit fault self-checking method, the next BOOST circuit is automatically checked after the current BOOST circuit is checked, and the open-circuit fault detection of each BOOST switch tube is efficiently and accurately completed.
Referring to fig. 5, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dc side of the photovoltaic inverter is powered up, and the dc auxiliary power source supplies power to the detection circuit, the drive control circuit, and the fan, while the photovoltaic inverter is in an open loop state; starting detection from an i-th booster circuit, wherein i=1; executing the i-th path direct-current voltage differential sampling; the DSP chip calculates the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal PWM of the i-th BOOST switching tube; in order to achieve the set 1200V bus voltage, the actual duty ratio of the driving signal of the i-th BOOST switching tube is continuously increased, and the actual duty ratio of the BOOST driving circuit is increased by increasing the bus voltage; when the actual duty ratio is larger than or equal to 1.5 times of the theoretical duty ratio, alarming and displaying the open-circuit fault of the i-th BOOST switch tube in the liquid crystal; if the bus voltage after the BOOST of the i-th BOOST is greater than or equal to 1200V when the actual duty ratio is smaller than 1.5 times of the theoretical duty ratio, the i-th BOOST switch tube has no open circuit fault; when detecting that the i-th path has no BOOST open-circuit fault, starting a fan to pull down or consume bus voltage, preparing for executing the BOOST switch tube open-circuit fault self-checking function of the i+1-th path, wherein the self-checking function is to repeat the above flow; n is the total number of the booster circuits of the inverter, and the self-checking function of the open-circuit fault of the BOOST switching tube of the inverter is finished until i=n. It should be noted that, if the photovoltaic inverter is in the grid-connected state, at this time, the direct current voltage sampling circuit is not required to perform differential sampling, meanwhile, after the current BOOST circuit is detected, the fan is not started, the above process is directly repeated, and the open-circuit fault of the BOOST switching tube of the i+1 path is detected.
The invention also provides an open circuit fault self-checking system which comprises a computer readable storage medium and a processor, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program realizes the open circuit fault self-checking method when being read and run by the processor.
According to the open-circuit fault self-checking system, firstly, the preset self-checking operation is carried out through the running state of the photovoltaic inverter, the self-switching of the BOOST switching tube is guaranteed to be fault-free, then the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit are utilized to sample the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube respectively, the sampled voltage values are sent to the signal processing unit, the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube is obtained through calculation of the signal processing unit, and whether the BOOST circuit has open-circuit fault is tested through increasing the bus voltage of the BOOST circuit. According to the invention, whether each BOOST switching tube has faults or not is checked, and meanwhile, whether the BOOST circuit in which the BOOST switching tube is positioned has faults or not is also checked, so that the faults can be accurately detected to the BOOST switching tube and the circuit thereof in the specific BOOST circuit, the open-circuit fault detection of the BOOST switching tube can be accurately completed, the fault detection of the BOOST switching tube and the driving circuit thereof is optimized, the safe and reliable operation of the photovoltaic inverter is further ensured, and the generated energy of the inverter is improved.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when being executed by a processor, implements the open circuit fault self-checking method described above.
The computer readable storage medium of the invention firstly carries out preset self-checking operation through the running state of the photovoltaic inverter, ensures that the self-switch of the BOOST switching tube has no fault, then respectively samples the direct current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube by using the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit, then sends the sampled voltage value to the signal processing unit, calculates the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube through the signal processing unit, and tests whether the BOOST circuit has open-circuit fault or not by increasing the bus voltage of the BOOST circuit. According to the invention, whether each BOOST switching tube has faults or not is checked, and meanwhile, whether the BOOST circuit in which the BOOST switching tube is positioned has faults or not is also checked, so that the faults can be accurately detected to the BOOST switching tube and the circuit thereof in the specific BOOST circuit, the open-circuit fault detection of the BOOST switching tube can be accurately completed, the fault detection of the BOOST switching tube and the driving circuit thereof is optimized, the safe and reliable operation of the photovoltaic inverter is further ensured, and the generated energy of the inverter is improved.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer program for instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and where the program, when executed, may include processes in the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The open-circuit fault self-checking method is characterized by being used for a photovoltaic inverter, wherein the photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC voltage conversion circuit, a BOOST circuit with a BOOST switching tube, a DC voltage sampling circuit, a signal processing unit, a bus voltage sampling circuit and a negative half bus voltage sampling circuit; the DC voltage conversion circuit is used for being connected with the photovoltaic panel and the boost circuit respectively, the boost circuit is connected with the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit respectively, and the signal processing unit is connected with the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit respectively;
the open circuit fault self-checking method comprises the following steps:
when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, according to the running state of the photovoltaic inverter, the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube are respectively obtained through the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit;
obtaining a theoretical duty ratio of a driving signal of the BOOST switching tube according to the direct-current voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit;
increasing the bus voltage of the boost circuit and acquiring the actual duty ratio of the driving signal;
and judging whether the boost circuit has an open circuit fault or not according to the relation between the bus voltage and a preset voltage threshold value and the relation between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle.
2. The open circuit fault self-test method of claim 1, wherein the operating state of the photovoltaic inverter comprises an open loop state; when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, according to the operation state of the photovoltaic inverter, the DC voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit corresponding to the BOOST switching tube are obtained respectively through the DC voltage sampling circuit, the bus voltage sampling circuit and the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the photovoltaic panel generates photovoltaic voltage, if the photovoltaic inverter is in the open loop state, controlling the DC voltage sampling circuit to perform differential sampling operation to obtain the direct current voltage;
controlling the bus voltage sampling circuit to perform the differential sampling operation to obtain the bus voltage;
and obtaining the negative half bus voltage through the negative half bus voltage sampling circuit.
3. The open circuit fault self-checking method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining the theoretical duty cycle of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube according to the dc voltage, the bus voltage and the negative half bus voltage of the BOOST circuit comprises:
according to a volt-second rule, a first theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of an upper tube of the BOOST switch tube and a second theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of a lower tube of the BOOST switch tube are obtained;
obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube according to the synchronous modulation principle of the BOOST switching tube;
the synchronous modulation principle is that the first theoretical duty ratio of the upper tube, the second theoretical duty ratio of the lower tube and the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the BOOST switching tube are the same.
4. The open circuit fault self-checking method according to claim 3, wherein said obtaining a first theoretical duty cycle of said driving signal of an upper tube of said BOOST switching tube and a second theoretical duty cycle of said driving signal of a lower tube of said BOOST switching tube according to a volt-second rule comprises:
obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the upper tube of the BOOST switching tube according to a first duty ratio formula;
wherein, the first duty ratio formula is:
；
；
；
wherein,for the DC voltage of the upper tube obtained from the DC voltage, +.>For a positive half bus voltage derived from said bus voltage and said negative half bus voltage, +.>For the conduction voltage drop of the diode of the positive half bus of the BOOST switching tube, +.>For the opening time of the upper tube, +.>For the off time of the upper tube, +.>Is the first theoretical duty cycle of the upper tube.
5. The open circuit fault self-test method according to claim 4, wherein said deriving said theoretical duty cycle of said drive signal for an upper tube of said BOOST switching tube and said theoretical duty cycle of said drive signal for a lower tube of said BOOST switching tube according to a volt-second law further comprises:
obtaining the theoretical duty ratio of the driving signal of the lower tube of the BOOST switching tube according to a second duty ratio formula;
wherein, the second duty ratio formula is:
；
；
；
wherein,for the direct voltage of the lower tube obtained from the direct voltage, +.>For the negative half-bus voltage, +.>A conduction voltage drop of a diode of a negative half bus of the BOOST switching tube, +.>For the opening time of the down tube, +.>For the off-time of the down tube, +.>Is the second theoretical duty cycle of the down tube.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the determining whether the boost circuit has an open circuit fault according to the relationship between the bus voltage and a preset voltage threshold and the relationship between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle comprises:
and when the bus voltage is smaller than the preset voltage threshold, judging that the open circuit fault exists in the boost circuit if the actual duty ratio is larger than or equal to the theoretical duty ratio of a fixed multiple.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the determining whether the boost circuit has an open circuit fault according to the relationship between the bus voltage and a preset voltage threshold and the relationship between the actual duty cycle and the theoretical duty cycle, further comprises:
and when the bus voltage is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, judging that the open circuit fault does not exist in the booster circuit if the actual duty ratio is smaller than the theoretical duty ratio of the fixed multiple.
8. The open circuit fault self-test method of claim 6, wherein the photovoltaic inverter comprises a plurality of the BOOST circuits with the BOOST switching tubes;
the open circuit fault self-checking method further comprises the following steps:
and when the open circuit fault does not exist in the booster circuit, reducing the bus voltage of the booster circuit and detecting whether the open circuit fault exists in the next booster circuit.
9. An open circuit fault self-checking system comprising a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program and a processor, the computer program implementing the open circuit fault self-checking method according to any one of claims 1-8 when read and run by the processor.
10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the open circuit fault self-checking method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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Application publication date: 20231201 |