CN117134044A - A lithium-ion battery structure - Google Patents
A lithium-ion battery structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117134044A CN117134044A CN202311067210.8A CN202311067210A CN117134044A CN 117134044 A CN117134044 A CN 117134044A CN 202311067210 A CN202311067210 A CN 202311067210A CN 117134044 A CN117134044 A CN 117134044A
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
- H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/588—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries outside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of terminals or busbars
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
- H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
- H01M50/627—Filling ports
- H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
本发明提供一种锂离子电池结构，包括盖帽(1)、负极集流盘(2)、卷芯(3)和铝壳壳体(4)，卷芯位于铝壳壳体内，卷芯的一端设有负极极耳，另一端设有正极极耳；负极集流盘的上表面与盖帽激光穿透焊接固定，下表面与负极极耳激光穿透焊接固定；正极极耳与铝壳壳体底部激光穿透焊接固定；铝壳壳体的底部设有电解液注入口(5)，电解液注入口设有密封结构；铝壳壳体的内壁竖直间隔设有若干个沟槽(6)。本发明通过在铝壳壳体内壁形成沟槽结构，实现“内外”同时开始浸润；既加快了浸润时间，又解决了浸润不均匀的问题，确保锂离子电池的最终电性能，确保容量一致性。
The invention provides a lithium ion battery structure, which includes a cap (1), a negative electrode current collecting plate (2), a winding core (3) and an aluminum shell (4). The winding core is located in the aluminum shell, and one end of the winding core There is a negative electrode tab, and the other end is equipped with a positive electrode tab; the upper surface of the negative electrode current collecting plate is fixed with the cap by laser penetration welding, and the lower surface is fixed with the negative electrode tab by laser penetration welding; the positive electrode tab is fixed with the bottom of the aluminum shell. It is fixed by laser penetration welding; the bottom of the aluminum shell is provided with an electrolyte injection port (5), and the electrolyte injection port is provided with a sealing structure; the inner wall of the aluminum shell is provided with several grooves (6) at vertical intervals. By forming a groove structure on the inner wall of the aluminum shell, the invention realizes "inside and outside" infiltration at the same time; it not only speeds up the infiltration time, but also solves the problem of uneven infiltration, ensuring the final electrical performance of the lithium-ion battery and ensuring the consistency of the capacity. .
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及锂离子电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种锂离子电池结构。The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular to a lithium ion battery structure.
背景技术Background technique
目前市场上的锂离子电池主要由壳体、盖板以及密封钉三大组件构成，其中壳体与盖板可以通过激光焊接或墩封两种工艺实现连接，而密封钉和盖板则通过激光焊接的形式实现连接；由于电池的壳体和电芯的结构设计非常紧密，电芯在壳体内部空间的占比在98％以上，给注液工序造成极大的困难。同时由于壳体残留空间较小，注液后的电解液容易因为分布不均匀造成电芯浸润不良而影响最终电性能、容量一致性等问题。Lithium-ion batteries currently on the market are mainly composed of three major components: casing, cover plate and sealing nail. The casing and cover plate can be connected by laser welding or pier sealing, while the sealing nail and cover plate are connected by laser welding. The connection is achieved in the form of welding; because the structural design of the battery casing and the battery core is very close, the battery core accounts for more than 98% of the internal space of the casing, which causes great difficulties in the liquid injection process. At the same time, due to the small remaining space in the casing, the uneven distribution of the electrolyte after injection can easily lead to poor cell infiltration, affecting final electrical performance, capacity consistency and other issues.
中国专利文献上公开了“一种圆柱形铝壳锂离子电池”，其授权公告号为CN202977632U，该实用新型通过对负极片上的极耳与盖帽上的极柱进行焊接，避免了正负极之间短路的问题。但是，该实用新型仍存在着壳体残留空间较小，注液后的电解液容易因为分布不均匀造成电芯浸润不良而影响最终电性能、容量一致性等问题。Chinese patent documents disclose "a cylindrical aluminum shell lithium-ion battery", and its authorization announcement number is CN202977632U. This utility model avoids the connection between the positive and negative electrodes by welding the tabs on the negative electrode sheet and the poles on the cap. short circuit problem. However, this utility model still has problems such as a small residual space in the casing, and uneven distribution of the electrolyte after injection, resulting in poor cell infiltration and affecting final electrical performance and capacity consistency.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种锂离子电池结构，用于解决现有锂离子电池壳体残留空间较小，注液后的电解液容易因为分布不均匀造成电芯浸润不良而影响最终电性能、容量一致性的问题。In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lithium-ion battery structure to solve the problem that the remaining space of the existing lithium-ion battery shell is small and the electrolyte after injection is easily caused by uneven distribution. Poor cell infiltration affects the final electrical performance and capacity consistency.
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种锂离子电池结构，包括盖帽、负极集流盘、卷芯和铝壳壳体，所述卷芯位于铝壳壳体内，所述卷芯的一端设有负极极耳，另一端设有正极极耳；所述负极集流盘的上表面与盖帽激光穿透焊接固定，下表面与负极极耳激光穿透焊接固定；所述正极极耳与铝壳壳体底部激光穿透焊接固定；所述铝壳壳体的底部设有电解液注入口，所述电解液注入口设有密封结构；所述铝壳壳体的内壁竖直间隔设有若干个沟槽。In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a lithium ion battery structure, including a cap, a negative electrode current collecting plate, a winding core and an aluminum shell. The winding core is located in the aluminum shell, and the winding core is One end is provided with a negative electrode tab, and the other end is provided with a positive electrode tab; the upper surface of the negative electrode current collecting plate is fixed with the cap by laser penetration welding, and the lower surface is fixed with the negative electrode tab by laser penetration welding; the positive electrode tab is fixed with The bottom of the aluminum shell is fixed by laser penetration welding; the bottom of the aluminum shell is provided with an electrolyte injection port, and the electrolyte injection port is provided with a sealing structure; the inner wall of the aluminum shell is vertically spaced with Several grooves.
现有技术中的锂离子电池的卷芯由于较大的入壳比例导致卷芯外部与铝壳内壁贴合相对比较紧密，留给电解液的空间仅剩卷芯中间(卷绕卷针抽出后的空间)和卷芯顶部与底部极其有限的空间，电解液通过注液口(可以在顶盖极柱上也可以在顶盖表面偏心的位置，也可以在壳体的底部)由外部机构向壳体内部完成注液动作，由于注液前壳体内部空气已经被抽掉，所以电解液会顺利的进入到壳体内部，但是刚开始大部分电解液都会停留在卷芯中间残留的空间里，然后慢慢渗透到卷芯底部，由于卷芯的卷绕状态的极片之间残留有较小的空间方便电解液通过“毛细效应”由内向外逐渐向整个卷芯的极片开始浸润；整个浸润时间非常久，而且经常容易出现由于卷芯“内部外部、底部和端部”浸润不良导致制作出来的电池存在电性能、容量一致性较差的问题。In the prior art, the winding core of the lithium-ion battery has a relatively large proportion of being inserted into the shell, resulting in a relatively tight fit between the outside of the winding core and the inner wall of the aluminum shell. The only space left for the electrolyte is in the middle of the winding core (after the winding needle is pulled out) space) and the extremely limited space at the top and bottom of the core, the electrolyte is injected from the external mechanism through the liquid injection port (can be on the top cover pole, can be at an eccentric position on the surface of the top cover, or can be at the bottom of the casing). The liquid filling operation is completed inside the casing. Since the air inside the casing has been removed before liquid filling, the electrolyte will smoothly enter the inside of the casing. However, most of the electrolyte will stay in the remaining space in the middle of the core at the beginning. , and then slowly penetrates into the bottom of the core. Since there is a small space left between the pole pieces in the rolled core, it is convenient for the electrolyte to gradually infiltrate into the pole pieces of the entire core from the inside out through the "capillary effect"; The entire soaking time is very long, and it is often prone to problems with poor electrical performance and capacity consistency in the produced batteries due to poor soaking of the "inside and outside, bottom and ends" of the roll core.
本发明的锂离子电池结构创造性地通过在现在的铝壳壳体的基础上对内壁冲压形成沟槽结构，所述沟槽结构沿壳体内壁竖直间隔设置，“沟槽”设计在不影响铝壳壳体整体结构强度的情况下使得一小部分电解液从刚开始进入壳体就可以通过流道与卷芯外壁进行接触，而大部分电解液仍注到卷芯中部空间，同时保存在底部的电解液也可以通过壳壁上的流道，经“毛细效应”尽可能的向卷芯顶部输送电解液，实现“内外”同时开始浸润；既加快了浸润时间，又解决了浸润不均匀的问题，使得在不影响壳体整体结构强度的情况下，实现底部电解液“爬升流道”以及增加电解液存储的空间，解决原壳体内部残留空间过小，注液后电解液容易因为分布不均匀(停留在卷芯顶部或者底部)造成电芯浸润不良而影响最终电性能、容量一致性等问题，该结构可以提高注液后的电解液的分布均匀性，提高电芯的浸润良率，确保锂离子电池的最终电性能，确保容量一致性。负极集流盘的上表面与盖帽激光穿透焊接固定，可以保证卷芯整体在铝壳壳体内部无相对运动。激光穿透焊接固定工艺大大降低粉尘进入卷芯造成短路的风险；注液口设置在铝壳壳体底部方便注液。The lithium-ion battery structure of the present invention creatively forms a groove structure by stamping the inner wall on the basis of the current aluminum shell. The groove structure is arranged at vertical intervals along the inner wall of the case. The "groove" design does not affect the Due to the overall structural strength of the aluminum shell, a small part of the electrolyte can come into contact with the outer wall of the core through the flow channel from the beginning when it enters the shell, while most of the electrolyte is still injected into the middle space of the core and is stored in the core. The electrolyte at the bottom can also pass through the flow channel on the shell wall and transport the electrolyte to the top of the core as much as possible through the "capillary effect" to achieve "internal and external" infiltration at the same time; this not only speeds up the infiltration time, but also solves the problem of uneven infiltration. This problem enables the "climbing flow channel" of the bottom electrolyte to be realized without affecting the overall structural strength of the casing and increasing the storage space for the electrolyte. This solves the problem that the residual space inside the original casing is too small and the electrolyte is prone to leakage after injection. Uneven distribution (staying at the top or bottom of the core) causes poor cell infiltration and affects the final electrical performance and capacity consistency. This structure can improve the uniformity of the electrolyte distribution after injection and improve the cell infiltration. efficiency, ensuring the final electrical performance of lithium-ion batteries and ensuring capacity consistency. The upper surface of the negative electrode current collecting plate and the cap are fixed by laser penetration welding to ensure that the entire core has no relative movement inside the aluminum shell. The laser penetration welding fixation process greatly reduces the risk of short circuit caused by dust entering the core; the liquid injection port is set at the bottom of the aluminum shell to facilitate liquid injection.
优选地，所述沟槽沿铝壳壳体的圆周方向均匀分布，所述沟槽的截面具有圆角结构。圆角结构便于冲压加工工艺的顺利进行，保证冲压过程不会造成铝壳整体发生较大形变和损坏。Preferably, the grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the aluminum shell, and the cross-section of the grooves has a rounded structure. The rounded corner structure facilitates the smooth progress of the stamping process and ensures that the stamping process will not cause major deformation and damage to the entire aluminum shell.
优选地，所述铝壳壳体的厚度为0.5～0.7mm，所述沟槽的深度为0.1～0.15mm。沟槽的深度过大会影响铝壳壳体的强度，过小很难加工成型，沟槽距离铝壳壳体底部的距离可以根据电解液的加入量而进行调整。Preferably, the thickness of the aluminum shell is 0.5-0.7 mm, and the depth of the groove is 0.1-0.15 mm. If the depth of the groove is too large, it will affect the strength of the aluminum shell. If it is too small, it will be difficult to process. The distance between the groove and the bottom of the aluminum shell can be adjusted according to the amount of electrolyte added.
优选地，所述负极集流盘的中间向上凸起形成有焊接凸台，所述盖帽底面向内凹陷形成有焊接凹槽，所述焊接凸台与焊接凹槽的形状相适配，所述负极集流盘的上表面与盖帽通过焊接凸台与焊接凹槽卡接配合后激光穿透焊接固定。Preferably, a welding boss is formed upwardly in the middle of the negative electrode current collecting plate, and a welding groove is formed on the bottom surface of the cap, and the welding boss matches the shape of the welding groove. The upper surface of the negative electrode current collecting plate and the cap are snap-fitted by the welding boss and the welding groove and then fixed by laser penetration welding.
优选地，所述盖帽由外至内依次包括相互嵌合固定的顶盖、绝缘套和负极柱，所述绝缘套设于顶盖与负极柱的接触面之间，所述焊接凹槽设于负极柱的底面。绝缘套用来防止负极集流盘与顶盖进行绝缘隔离，防止锂离子电池的正、负极短路。Preferably, the cap includes a top cover, an insulating sleeve and a negative pole that are fixed to each other from the outside to the inside. The insulating sleeve is provided between the contact surface of the top cover and the negative pole, and the welding groove is provided on The bottom surface of the negative pole. The insulating sleeve is used to prevent the negative electrode current collector plate from being insulated from the top cover and prevent the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery from short circuiting.
本发明将负极集流盘与负极柱对应设计为“凹凸结构”，可以通过贴合焊接一方面可以实现由外往内的焊接工艺，减少粉尘；另一方面可以大大减少焊接深度，降低激光功率与焊接热量，降低生产成本，利于产业化。In the present invention, the negative electrode current collecting plate and the negative electrode column are designed to have a "concave-convex structure" correspondingly. Through joint welding, on the one hand, the welding process from the outside to the inside can be realized and dust can be reduced; on the other hand, the welding depth can be greatly reduced and the laser power can be reduced. and welding heat, reducing production costs and conducive to industrialization.
优选地，所述顶盖的底部沿焊接凹槽外侧绝缘止动架，所述绝缘止动架与负极柱、绝缘套和负极集流盘所形成的插槽插接配合。绝缘止动架采用绝缘材料，防止电池正负极短路。绝缘止动架通过与负极柱、绝缘套和负极集流盘插接固定提高整体结构的稳定性，确保各部件在铝壳壳体内部无相对运动。Preferably, the bottom of the top cover has an insulating stop frame along the outside of the welding groove, and the insulating stop frame is plug-fitted into the slot formed by the negative electrode column, the insulating sleeve and the negative electrode current collecting plate. The insulating stop frame uses insulating material to prevent the positive and negative terminals of the battery from short circuiting. The insulating stop frame improves the stability of the overall structure by being plugged and fixed with the negative pole, insulating sleeve and negative current collecting plate to ensure that there is no relative movement of each component inside the aluminum shell.
优选地，所述绝缘止动架内设有减重孔。减重孔既可以减重，又可以为电解液提供更大的容纳空间，提高注液后的电解液的分布均匀性，提高电芯的浸润良率，确保锂离子电池的最终电性能，确保容量一致性。Preferably, the insulating stop frame is provided with a weight-reducing hole. The weight-reducing holes can not only reduce weight, but also provide a larger holding space for the electrolyte, improve the distribution uniformity of the electrolyte after injection, improve the infiltration yield of the battery core, ensure the final electrical performance of the lithium-ion battery, and ensure Capacity consistency.
优选地，所述绝缘止动架至少有两个，且沿焊接凹槽对称分布，提高注液后的电解液的分布均匀性。Preferably, there are at least two insulating stop frames, and they are symmetrically distributed along the welding groove to improve the distribution uniformity of the electrolyte after injection.
优选地，所述卷芯由正极片和负极片卷绕而成，且正极片和负极片之间用隔膜完全隔离。Preferably, the winding core is made of a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are completely separated by a separator.
优选地，所述顶盖的边沿形成有焊接部，所述焊接部的宽度与铝壳壳体的厚度相适配，所述顶盖通过焊接部与铝壳壳体的上端焊接固定；焊接部设计便于实现顶盖与铝壳壳体之间的密封焊接。Preferably, a welding portion is formed on the edge of the top cover, the width of the welding portion matches the thickness of the aluminum shell, and the top cover is welded and fixed to the upper end of the aluminum shell through the welding portion; the welding portion Designed to facilitate sealing welding between the top cover and the aluminum shell.
优选地，所述铝壳壳体为圆柱体结构或长方体结构，所述铝壳壳体包括底板和侧板，所述侧板与底板一体成型；所述铝壳壳体的开口端与盖帽封口焊接固定，所述电解液注入口开设于所述底板的中心处，所述密封结构包括密封钉，所述密封钉与电解液注入口可拆卸密封固定。Preferably, the aluminum shell has a cylindrical structure or a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The aluminum shell includes a bottom plate and a side plate. The side plates and the bottom plate are integrally formed; the open end of the aluminum shell is sealed with a cap. Welding and fixation, the electrolyte injection port is opened at the center of the bottom plate, the sealing structure includes a sealing nail, the sealing nail and the electrolyte injection port are detachably sealed and fixed.
优选地，所述正极极耳的底部设有正极集流盘，所述正极集流盘与正极极耳激光穿透焊接固定，所述正极集流盘的中心处与电解液注入口对应设有注液孔。Preferably, a positive electrode current collecting plate is provided at the bottom of the positive electrode tab, the positive electrode current collecting tray and the positive electrode tab are fixed by laser penetration welding, and the center of the positive electrode current collecting plate is provided corresponding to the electrolyte injection port. Liquid injection hole.
如上所述，本发明的锂离子电池结构，具有以下有益效果：通过在现在的铝壳壳体的基础上对内壁冲压形成沟槽结构，“沟槽”设计在不影响铝壳壳体整体结构强度的情况下使得一小部分电解液从刚开始进入壳体就可以通过流道与卷芯外壁进行接触，而大部分电解液仍注到卷芯中部空间，同时保存在底部的电解液也可以通过壳壁上的流道，经“毛细效应”尽可能的向卷芯顶部输送电解液，实现“内外”同时开始浸润；既加快了浸润时间，又解决了浸润不均匀的问题，使得在不影响壳体整体结构强度的情况下，实现底部电解液“爬升流道”以及增加电解液存储的空间，提高注液后的电解液的分布均匀性，提高电芯的浸润良率，确保锂离子电池的最终电性能，确保容量一致性。As mentioned above, the lithium-ion battery structure of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: a groove structure is formed by punching the inner wall based on the current aluminum shell. The "groove" design does not affect the overall structure of the aluminum shell. Under such strong conditions, a small part of the electrolyte can come into contact with the outer wall of the core through the flow channel from the beginning when it enters the casing, while most of the electrolyte is still injected into the middle space of the core, and the electrolyte stored at the bottom can also be Through the flow channel on the shell wall, the electrolyte is transported to the top of the core as much as possible through the "capillary effect", so that the "inside and outside" start to infiltrate at the same time; this not only speeds up the infiltration time, but also solves the problem of uneven infiltration, making it possible to Without affecting the overall structural strength of the case, the bottom electrolyte "climbing flow channel" is realized and the space for electrolyte storage is increased, the distribution uniformity of the electrolyte after injection is improved, the infiltration yield of the battery core is improved, and the lithium ion is ensured The final electrical performance of the battery ensures capacity consistency.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1显示为实施例1的锂离子电池结构的分解结构示意图。FIG. 1 shows an exploded structural diagram of the lithium-ion battery structure of Embodiment 1.
图2显示为实施例1的盖帽的分解结构示意图。Figure 2 shows an exploded structural diagram of the cap of Embodiment 1.
图3显示为实施例1的盖帽与负极集流盘的安装结构剖视图。3 shows a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the cap and the negative electrode current collecting plate in Embodiment 1.
图4显示为实施例1的顶盖的仰视图。Figure 4 shows a bottom view of the top cover of Embodiment 1.
图5显示为实施例1的铝壳壳体的俯视图。FIG. 5 shows a top view of the aluminum housing of Embodiment 1.
图6显示为实施例1的卷芯的俯视图。Figure 6 shows a top view of the winding core of Example 1.
附图标号说明Explanation of reference numbers
1 盖帽1 block
2 负极集流盘2 Negative current collector plate
3 卷芯3 cores
4 铝壳壳体4 aluminum shell
5 电解液注入口5 Electrolyte injection port
6 沟槽6 grooves
7 焊接凸台7 welding boss
8 焊接凹槽8 welding groove
9 顶盖9 top cover
10 绝缘套10 insulation sleeve
11 负极柱11 negative pole
12 绝缘止动架12 Insulating stopper
13 减重孔13 weight reduction holes
14 正极集流盘14 Positive collector plate
15 密封钉15 sealing nails
16 焊接部16 Welding Department
17 底板17 base plate
18 侧板18 side panels
19 注液孔19 Liquid injection hole
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使得本发明的发明目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，下面所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而非全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, what is mentioned below The described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。In the description of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of To facilitate the description of the present application and to simplify the description, it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present application.
除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“固定”、“设置”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个部件内部的连接。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。Unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "connection", "fixing" and "setting" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, or it can be an internal connection between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，本申请实施例提供一种锂离子电池结构，包括盖帽1、负极集流盘2、卷芯3、正极集流盘14和圆柱体结构的铝壳壳体4，所述卷芯位于铝壳壳体内，所述卷芯的一端设有负极极耳，另一端设有正极极耳；所述正极集流盘与正极极耳激光穿透焊接固定，所述负极集流盘的上表面与盖帽激光穿透焊接固定，下表面与负极极耳激光穿透焊接固定；所述正极极耳与铝壳壳体底部激光穿透焊接固定；所述铝壳壳体的底部设有电解液注入口5，所述电解液注入口设有密封结构；所述铝壳壳体的内壁竖直间隔设有若干个沟槽6，如图5所示，所述铝壳壳体包括底板17和侧板18，所述侧板与底板一体成型；所述沟槽沿铝壳壳体的圆周方向均匀分布，所述沟槽的截面具有圆角结构。所述铝壳壳体的厚度为0.6mm，所述沟槽的深度为0.12mm。所述负极集流盘的中间向上凸起形成有焊接凸台7，所述盖帽底面向内凹陷形成有焊接凹槽8，所述焊接凸台与焊接凹槽的形状相适配，所述负极集流盘的上表面与盖帽通过焊接凸台与焊接凹槽卡接配合后激光穿透焊接固定。所述铝壳壳体底部设有正极集流盘14，所述正极集流盘与正极极耳激光穿透焊接固定，所述铝壳壳体为两端开口的圆柱体结构，所述铝壳壳体的上端边沿与盖帽封口焊接固定，下端边沿与正极集流盘封口焊接固定，所述电解液注入口5开设于底板17的中心处，所述正极集流盘的中心处与电解液注入口对应设有注液孔19，所述密封结构包括密封钉15，所述密封钉与电解液注入口可拆卸密封固定。As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a lithium-ion battery structure, including a cap 1, a negative electrode current collecting plate 2, a winding core 3, a positive electrode current collecting plate 14 and a cylindrical structure aluminum shell 4. The winding core is located in the aluminum shell. One end of the winding core is provided with a negative electrode tab, and the other end is provided with a positive electrode tab; the positive electrode current collecting plate and the positive electrode tab are fixed by laser penetration welding, and the negative electrode current collecting plate The upper surface is fixed by laser penetration welding to the cap, and the lower surface is fixed by laser penetration welding to the negative electrode tab; the positive electrode tab is fixed to the bottom of the aluminum shell by laser penetration welding; the bottom of the aluminum shell is provided with Electrolyte injection port 5, the electrolyte injection port is provided with a sealing structure; the inner wall of the aluminum shell is provided with several grooves 6 at vertical intervals, as shown in Figure 5, the aluminum shell includes a bottom plate 17 and side plates 18, the side plates and the bottom plate are integrally formed; the grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the aluminum shell, and the cross-section of the grooves has a rounded structure. The thickness of the aluminum shell is 0.6mm, and the depth of the groove is 0.12mm. A welding boss 7 is formed upwardly in the middle of the negative electrode current collecting plate, and a welding groove 8 is formed on the bottom surface of the cap. The welding boss matches the shape of the welding groove. The negative electrode The upper surface of the collecting plate and the cap are snap-fitted by the welding boss and the welding groove and then fixed by laser penetration welding. The bottom of the aluminum shell is provided with a positive electrode current collecting plate 14. The positive electrode current collecting plate and the positive electrode tab are fixed by laser penetration welding. The aluminum shell is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends. The upper edge of the casing is welded and fixed to the seal of the cap, and the lower edge is welded and fixed to the seal of the positive electrode current collector plate. The electrolyte injection port 5 is opened at the center of the bottom plate 17, and the center of the positive electrode current collector plate is connected to the electrolyte injection port. The inlet is correspondingly provided with a liquid injection hole 19, and the sealing structure includes a sealing nail 15, which is detachably sealed and fixed to the electrolyte injection port.
如图2和图3所示，所述盖帽由外至内依次包括相互嵌合固定的顶盖9、绝缘套10和负极柱11，所述绝缘套设于顶盖与负极柱的接触面之间，所述焊接凹槽设于负极柱的底面。如图3和图4所示，所述顶盖的边沿形成有焊接部16，所述焊接部的宽度与铝壳壳体的厚度相适配，所述顶盖通过焊接部与铝壳壳体的上端焊接固定；所述顶盖的底部沿焊接凹槽外侧绝缘止动架12，所述绝缘止动架与负极柱、绝缘套和负极集流盘所形成的插槽插接配合，所述绝缘止动架内设有减重孔13，所述绝缘止动架有两个，且沿焊接凹槽对称分布。如图6所示，所述卷芯由正极片和负极片卷绕而成，且正极片和负极片之间用隔膜完全隔离。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the cap includes a top cover 9, an insulating sleeve 10 and a negative pole 11 that are fixed to each other from the outside to the inside. The insulating sleeve is arranged on the contact surface between the top cover and the negative pole. , the welding groove is provided on the bottom surface of the negative pole. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a welding portion 16 is formed on the edge of the top cover. The width of the welding portion matches the thickness of the aluminum shell. The top cover is connected to the aluminum shell through the welding portion. The upper end of the top cover is welded and fixed; the bottom of the top cover is along the insulating stop frame 12 outside the welding groove, and the insulating stop frame is plug-fitted with the slot formed by the negative electrode column, the insulating sleeve and the negative electrode current collecting plate. There are weight reduction holes 13 in the insulating stop frame. There are two insulating stop frames, and they are symmetrically distributed along the welding groove. As shown in Figure 6, the winding core is made of positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and the positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets are completely separated by a separator.
实施例2Example 2
实施例2与实施例1的区别在于，所述铝壳壳体为两端开口的长方体结构，所述铝壳壳体的厚度为0.5mm，所述沟槽的深度为0.1mm；所述绝缘止动架有四个，且沿焊接凹槽对称分布；所述锂离子电池结构无正极集流盘，直接从铝壳壳体的外部激光穿透底板与正极极耳进行焊接，其余结构完全相同，该结构可以减少粉尘进入卷芯造成短路的风险。The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the aluminum shell is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with openings at both ends, the thickness of the aluminum shell is 0.5mm, and the depth of the groove is 0.1mm; the insulation There are four stop frames, and they are symmetrically distributed along the welding groove; the lithium-ion battery structure does not have a positive electrode current collecting plate, and the laser penetrates the base plate and the positive electrode lug directly from the outside of the aluminum shell for welding, and the rest of the structure is exactly the same , this structure can reduce the risk of short circuit caused by dust entering the core.
综上所述，本发明通过在现在的铝壳壳体的基础上对内壁冲压形成沟槽结构，“沟槽”设计在不影响铝壳壳体整体结构强度的情况下使得一小部分电解液从刚开始进入壳体就可以通过流道与卷芯外壁进行接触，而大部分电解液仍注到卷芯中部空间，同时保存在底部的电解液也可以通过壳壁上的流道，经“毛细效应”尽可能的向卷芯顶部输送电解液，实现“内外”同时开始浸润；既加快了浸润时间，又解决了浸润不均匀的问题使得在不影响壳体整体结构强度的情况下，实现底部电解液“爬升流道”以及增加电解液存储的空间，提高注液后的电解液的分布均匀性，提高电芯的浸润良率，确保锂离子电池的最终电性能，确保容量一致性。所以，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。To sum up, the present invention forms a groove structure by punching the inner wall on the basis of the current aluminum shell. The "groove" design allows a small part of the electrolyte to pass through without affecting the overall structural strength of the aluminum shell. From the moment it enters the shell, it can come into contact with the outer wall of the core through the flow channel, and most of the electrolyte is still injected into the middle space of the core. At the same time, the electrolyte stored at the bottom can also pass through the flow channel on the shell wall and pass through " "Capillary effect" transports the electrolyte to the top of the core as much as possible to achieve "inside and outside" infiltration at the same time; it not only speeds up the infiltration time, but also solves the problem of uneven infiltration, so that it can be achieved without affecting the overall structural strength of the shell. The bottom electrolyte "climbing flow channel" and increased electrolyte storage space improve the distribution uniformity of the electrolyte after injection, improve the cell infiltration yield, ensure the final electrical performance of the lithium-ion battery, and ensure capacity consistency. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。The above embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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Application publication date: 20231128 |